Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
March 21, 2026 National S 1383 Veterans Accessibility Advisory Committee Act of 2025 Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (41 - 49)
March 20, 2026 MD SB 933 Repeals and Amends the Proposed Constitutional Amendment Related to Temporary Appointments to the Commission on Judicial Disabilities Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 0)
March 19, 2026 NY A 8382 Amends Laws Related to Parents and Custody to Use Gender-Neutral Language Bill Passed - House (91 - 46)
March 19, 2026 NY A 8382 Amends Laws Related to Parents and Custody to Use Gender-Neutral Language Bill Passed - House (91 - 46)
March 19, 2026 National HR 4638 Federal Working Animal Protection Act Bill Passed - House (228 - 190)
March 18, 2026 National S J Res 118 A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 53)
March 18, 2026 National HR 1958 Deporting Fraudsters Act of 2026 Bill Passed - House (231 - 186)
March 17, 2026 National S 1383 Veterans Accessibility Advisory Committee Act of 2025 Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 48)
March 17, 2026 WI AB 601 Authorizes Online Sports Betting on Tribal-Based Servers Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 12)
March 16, 2026 ID H 752 Requires Individuals to Use Public Restrooms According to Their Biological Sex Bill Passed - House (54 - 15)
March 14, 2026 VA HB 1441 Prohibits State and Local Law Enforcement from Entering into Federal Immigration Enforcement Contracts Conference Report Adopted - Senate (21 - 18)
March 14, 2026 VA HB 1377 Establishes a Task Force to Examine Higher Education at the Virginia Military Institute Conference Report Adopted - Senate (21 - 18)
March 14, 2026 VA HB 1441 Prohibits State and Local Law Enforcement from Entering into Federal Immigration Enforcement Contracts Conference Report Adopted - House (62 - 34)
March 14, 2026 VA SB 378 Authorizes Collective Bargaining for Public Employees Conference Report Adopted - Senate (20 - 18)
March 14, 2026 VA SB 378 Authorizes Collective Bargaining for Public Employees Conference Report Adopted - House (61 - 36)
March 14, 2026 VA HB 1377 Establishes a Task Force to Examine Higher Education at the Virginia Military Institute Conference Report Adopted - House (66 - 29)
March 14, 2026 WV SB 502 Authorizes Colleges with Women's Sports to Establish a Women's Athletics Endowment Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (34 - 0)
March 14, 2026 WV SB 947 Authorizes Individuals Under 18 Experiencing Homelessness to Receive a Copy of their Birth Certificate Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 0)
March 12, 2026 FL HB 991 Requires Identification Featuring Proof of Citizenship for Voting Concurrence Vote Passed - House (77 - 28)
March 12, 2026 FL HB 991 Requires Identification Featuring Proof of Citizenship for Voting Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 12)
March 11, 2026 ID H 822 Requires Teachers, Child Care Providers, and Health Care Providers to Inform Parents of a Child's Expressed Interest in Gender Nonconformity Bill Passed - House (59 - 9)
March 10, 2026 National PN 711 Nomination of Lieutenant General Joshua M. Rudd to be General in the United States Army Nomination Confirmed - Senate (71 - 29)
March 10, 2026 National PN 711 Nomination of Lieutenant General Joshua M. Rudd to be General in the United States Army Nomination Confirmed - Senate (71 - 29)
March 10, 2026 MS HB 538 Requires Mississippi Agencies to Comply With Federal Immigration Enforcement Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 14)
March 10, 2026 MS SB 2322 Requires Drivers License or Permit to Reflect Gender Assigned at Birth When Renewed Bill Passed - House (76 - 39)
March 10, 2026 IA HF 2694 Restricts the Powers of the Governor During Emergency Situations Bill Passed - House (67 - 23)
March 9, 2026 VA HB 174 Authorizes Military Personnel to Break a Rental Agreement Under Specified Circumstances Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
March 9, 2026 National PN 711 Nomination of Lieutenant General Joshua M. Rudd to be General in the United States Army Cloture Invoked - Senate (68 - 28)
March 9, 2026 National PN 711 Nomination of Lieutenant General Joshua M. Rudd to be General in the United States Army Cloture Invoked - Senate (68 - 28)
March 9, 2026 CO HB 26-1005 Amends Labor Union Laws Bill Passed - House (42 - 22)
March 5, 2026 NH SB 552 Authorizes the Classification of Individuals Based on Biological Sex in Certain Circumstances "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (16 - 8)
March 5, 2026 National H Con Res 38 Directing the President pursuant to section 5(c) of the War Powers Resolution to remove United States Armed Forces from unauthorized hostilities in the Islamic Republic of Iran Bill Failed - House (212 - 219)
March 5, 2026 MO HB 2125 Requires the Secretary of State and the Director of the Department of Revenue to Share Citizenship Data Bill Passed - House (101 - 46)
March 5, 2026 National H Con Res 38 Directing the President pursuant to section 5(c) of the War Powers Resolution to remove United States Armed Forces from unauthorized hostilities in the Islamic Republic of Iran Bill Failed - House (212 - 219)
March 5, 2026 National HR 7744 Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2026 Bill Passed - House (221 - 209)
March 4, 2026 OR SB 1570 Requires Hospitals to Adopt Policies to Protect Patients From Immigration Enforcement Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (18 - 11)
March 4, 2026 National S 723 Tribal Trust Land Homeownership Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (384 - 40)
March 4, 2026 SD SB 175 Requires Voters to Provide Citizenship Status When Registering to Vote Bill Passed - House (64 - 3)
March 4, 2026 National S J Res 104 A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 53)
March 4, 2026 National H Res 1100 Directing the Committee on Ethics to preserve and publicly release records of the Committee's review of violations or alleged violations of clause 9 (as it pertains to acts of sexual harassment) and clause 18 of rule XXIII of the Rules of the House of Representatives Motion Agreed - House (357 - 65)
March 3, 2026 IA HF 2513 Prohibits Public Universities From Hiring Certain Visa Holders Bill Passed - House (68 - 27)
March 3, 2026 CO HB 26-1135 Prohibits Certain Chemicals in Hair Products Bill Passed - House (42 - 20)
March 2, 2026 OR SB 1570 Requires Hospitals to Adopt Policies to Protect Patients From Immigration Enforcement Bill Passed - House (34 - 14)
March 2, 2026 ID S 1300 Authorizes the Governor to Appoint the Directors of the Departments of Transportation, Fish and Game, and Parks and Recreation Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 14)
Feb. 26, 2026 National PN 730-46 Nomination of Ryan McCormack, of Virginia, to be Under Secretary of Transportation for Policy, vice Carlos Alberto Monje, Jr. (57 - 33)
Feb. 26, 2026 National PN 730-46 Nomination of Ryan McCormack, of Virginia, to be Under Secretary of Transportation for Policy, vice Carlos Alberto Monje, Jr. Cloture Invoked - Senate (60 - 34)
Feb. 26, 2026 OK HB 4423 Requires the Determination of Medicaid Applicants' Immigration Status Bill Passed - House (80 - 18)
Feb. 26, 2026 OK HB 4422 Requires Determination of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) Applicants' Immigration Status Bill Passed - House (80 - 18)
Feb. 25, 2026 IN SB 76 Expands Requirements for State and Local Government Entities to Cooperate with Federal Immigration Enforcement Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (37 - 11)
Feb. 25, 2026 IN SB 1 Establishes and Amends Certain Requirements for SNAP Eligibility Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (39 - 9)
Feb. 25, 2026 National PN 730-19 Nomination of John DeLeeuw, of Texas, to be a Member of the National Transportation Safety Board for the remainder of the term expiring December 31, 2026, vice Alvin Brown (50 - 45)
Feb. 25, 2026 IA SF 2203 Requires the Secretary of State to Use the Systematic Alien Verification for Entitlements (SAVE) Program to Verify Registered Voters' Citizenship Status Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 13)
Feb. 25, 2026 IA SF 2187 Requires the Department of Transportation to Use the Systematic Alien Verification for Entitlements (SAVE) Program to Verify Drivers' Citizenship Status Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 5)
Feb. 25, 2026 AZ SB 1520 Requires State Law Enforcement to Share Information Upon Request with the Federal Government Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 12)
Feb. 24, 2026 AL SB 149 Authorizes the Board of Education to Distribute Temporary Teaching Certificates to Veterans Bill Passed - House (102 - 1)
Feb. 24, 2026 SD HB 1184 Establishes State Definitions for "Man" and "Woman" Bill Passed - House (57 - 9)
Feb. 24, 2026 OR SB 1570 Requires Hospitals to Adopt Policies to Protect Patients From Immigration Enforcement Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 9)
Feb. 24, 2026 AL SB 201 Requires Public Schools to Offer JROTC Programs to Private and Home School Students Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 0)
Feb. 23, 2026 IN SB 1 Establishes and Amends Certain Requirements for SNAP Eligibility Bill Passed - House (62 - 31)
Feb. 23, 2026 AZ SB 1055 Requires State Law Enforcement to Notify Federal Immigration Enforcement When Someone Without Legal Status is Arrested Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 11)
Feb. 19, 2026 NH HB 1792 Prohibits the Instruction of Critical Race Theory and LGBTQ+ Issues in Schools "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (184 - 164)
Feb. 19, 2026 TN HB 1473 Authorizes Private Citizens to Refuse Recognition of Same-Sex Marriages Bill Passed - House (68 - 24)
Feb. 19, 2026 SD SB 175 Requires Voters to Provide Citizenship Status When Registering to Vote Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 6)
Feb. 18, 2026 KS SB 244 Requires Individuals to Use Restrooms in Government Buildings According to Their Biological Sex Veto Override Passed - House (87 - 37)
Feb. 17, 2026 KS SB 244 Requires Individuals to Use Restrooms in Government Buildings According to Their Biological Sex Veto Override Passed - Senate (31 - 9)
Feb. 17, 2026 NM SB 241 Establishes the Child Care Assistance Program for No-Cost Child Care Bill Passed - House (37 - 19)
Feb. 17, 2026 VA SB 783 Restricts State and Local Law Enforcement From Engaging in a Federal Immigration Enforcement Agreement Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 19)
Feb. 16, 2026 ID H 607 Requires Public Entities to Separate Restrooms by Sex Bill Passed - House (56 - 13)
Feb. 12, 2026 IN SB 76 Expands Requirements for State and Local Government Entities to Cooperate with Federal Immigration Enforcement Bill Passed - House (61 - 28)
Feb. 12, 2026 MD HB 444 Prohibits the State and Any Local Government From Entering Into an Immigration Enforcement Agreement Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 13)
Feb. 12, 2026 WI SB 405 Authorizes Lawsuits Against Healthcare Providers Who Perform Gender Affirming Care for Minors Bill Passed - House (53 - 45)
Feb. 12, 2026 NM SB 241 Establishes the Child Care Assistance Program for No-Cost Child Care Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 15)
Feb. 12, 2026 GA HB 463 Establishes a Homestead Exemption for Senior Citizens who Volunteer with Local Governments Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 14)
Feb. 12, 2026 SC H 4755 Authorizes the Governor to Appoint All Members of the Judicial Merit Selection Commission Bill Passed - House (71 - 10)
Feb. 12, 2026 SC H 4755 Authorizes the Governor to Appoint All Members of the Judicial Merit Selection Commission Bill Passed - House (71 - 10)
Date No. Title Outcome
3/21 S 1383 Veterans Accessibility Advisory Committee Act of 2025 Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (41 - 49)
3/20 SB 933 Repeals and Amends the Proposed Constitutional Amendment Related to Temporary Appointments to the Commission on Judicial Disabilities Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 0)
3/19 A 8382 Amends Laws Related to Parents and Custody to Use Gender-Neutral Language Bill Passed - House (91 - 46)
3/19 A 8382 Amends Laws Related to Parents and Custody to Use Gender-Neutral Language Bill Passed - House (91 - 46)
3/19 HR 4638 Federal Working Animal Protection Act Bill Passed - House (228 - 190)
3/18 S J Res 118 A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 53)
3/18 HR 1958 Deporting Fraudsters Act of 2026 Bill Passed - House (231 - 186)
3/17 S 1383 Veterans Accessibility Advisory Committee Act of 2025 Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 48)
3/17 AB 601 Authorizes Online Sports Betting on Tribal-Based Servers Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 12)
3/16 H 752 Requires Individuals to Use Public Restrooms According to Their Biological Sex Bill Passed - House (54 - 15)
3/14 HB 1441 Prohibits State and Local Law Enforcement from Entering into Federal Immigration Enforcement Contracts Conference Report Adopted - Senate (21 - 18)
3/14 HB 1377 Establishes a Task Force to Examine Higher Education at the Virginia Military Institute Conference Report Adopted - Senate (21 - 18)
3/14 HB 1441 Prohibits State and Local Law Enforcement from Entering into Federal Immigration Enforcement Contracts Conference Report Adopted - House (62 - 34)
3/14 SB 378 Authorizes Collective Bargaining for Public Employees Conference Report Adopted - Senate (20 - 18)
3/14 SB 378 Authorizes Collective Bargaining for Public Employees Conference Report Adopted - House (61 - 36)
3/14 HB 1377 Establishes a Task Force to Examine Higher Education at the Virginia Military Institute Conference Report Adopted - House (66 - 29)
3/14 SB 502 Authorizes Colleges with Women's Sports to Establish a Women's Athletics Endowment Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (34 - 0)
3/14 SB 947 Authorizes Individuals Under 18 Experiencing Homelessness to Receive a Copy of their Birth Certificate Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 0)
3/12 HB 991 Requires Identification Featuring Proof of Citizenship for Voting Concurrence Vote Passed - House (77 - 28)
3/12 HB 991 Requires Identification Featuring Proof of Citizenship for Voting Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 12)
3/11 H 822 Requires Teachers, Child Care Providers, and Health Care Providers to Inform Parents of a Child's Expressed Interest in Gender Nonconformity Bill Passed - House (59 - 9)
3/10 PN 711 Nomination of Lieutenant General Joshua M. Rudd to be General in the United States Army Nomination Confirmed - Senate (71 - 29)
3/10 PN 711 Nomination of Lieutenant General Joshua M. Rudd to be General in the United States Army Nomination Confirmed - Senate (71 - 29)
3/10 HB 538 Requires Mississippi Agencies to Comply With Federal Immigration Enforcement Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 14)
3/10 SB 2322 Requires Drivers License or Permit to Reflect Gender Assigned at Birth When Renewed Bill Passed - House (76 - 39)
3/10 HF 2694 Restricts the Powers of the Governor During Emergency Situations Bill Passed - House (67 - 23)
3/09 HB 174 Authorizes Military Personnel to Break a Rental Agreement Under Specified Circumstances Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
3/09 PN 711 Nomination of Lieutenant General Joshua M. Rudd to be General in the United States Army Cloture Invoked - Senate (68 - 28)
3/09 PN 711 Nomination of Lieutenant General Joshua M. Rudd to be General in the United States Army Cloture Invoked - Senate (68 - 28)
3/09 HB 26-1005 Amends Labor Union Laws Bill Passed - House (42 - 22)
3/05 SB 552 Authorizes the Classification of Individuals Based on Biological Sex in Certain Circumstances "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (16 - 8)
3/05 H Con Res 38 Directing the President pursuant to section 5(c) of the War Powers Resolution to remove United States Armed Forces from unauthorized hostilities in the Islamic Republic of Iran Bill Failed - House (212 - 219)
3/05 HB 2125 Requires the Secretary of State and the Director of the Department of Revenue to Share Citizenship Data Bill Passed - House (101 - 46)
3/05 H Con Res 38 Directing the President pursuant to section 5(c) of the War Powers Resolution to remove United States Armed Forces from unauthorized hostilities in the Islamic Republic of Iran Bill Failed - House (212 - 219)
3/05 HR 7744 Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2026 Bill Passed - House (221 - 209)
3/04 SB 1570 Requires Hospitals to Adopt Policies to Protect Patients From Immigration Enforcement Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (18 - 11)
3/04 S 723 Tribal Trust Land Homeownership Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (384 - 40)
3/04 SB 175 Requires Voters to Provide Citizenship Status When Registering to Vote Bill Passed - House (64 - 3)
3/04 S J Res 104 A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 53)
3/04 H Res 1100 Directing the Committee on Ethics to preserve and publicly release records of the Committee's review of violations or alleged violations of clause 9 (as it pertains to acts of sexual harassment) and clause 18 of rule XXIII of the Rules of the House of Representatives Motion Agreed - House (357 - 65)
3/03 HF 2513 Prohibits Public Universities From Hiring Certain Visa Holders Bill Passed - House (68 - 27)
3/03 HB 26-1135 Prohibits Certain Chemicals in Hair Products Bill Passed - House (42 - 20)
3/02 SB 1570 Requires Hospitals to Adopt Policies to Protect Patients From Immigration Enforcement Bill Passed - House (34 - 14)
3/02 S 1300 Authorizes the Governor to Appoint the Directors of the Departments of Transportation, Fish and Game, and Parks and Recreation Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 14)
2/26 PN 730-46 Nomination of Ryan McCormack, of Virginia, to be Under Secretary of Transportation for Policy, vice Carlos Alberto Monje, Jr. (57 - 33)
2/26 PN 730-46 Nomination of Ryan McCormack, of Virginia, to be Under Secretary of Transportation for Policy, vice Carlos Alberto Monje, Jr. Cloture Invoked - Senate (60 - 34)
2/26 HB 4423 Requires the Determination of Medicaid Applicants' Immigration Status Bill Passed - House (80 - 18)
2/26 HB 4422 Requires Determination of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) Applicants' Immigration Status Bill Passed - House (80 - 18)
2/25 SB 76 Expands Requirements for State and Local Government Entities to Cooperate with Federal Immigration Enforcement Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (37 - 11)
2/25 SB 1 Establishes and Amends Certain Requirements for SNAP Eligibility Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (39 - 9)
2/25 PN 730-19 Nomination of John DeLeeuw, of Texas, to be a Member of the National Transportation Safety Board for the remainder of the term expiring December 31, 2026, vice Alvin Brown (50 - 45)
2/25 SF 2203 Requires the Secretary of State to Use the Systematic Alien Verification for Entitlements (SAVE) Program to Verify Registered Voters' Citizenship Status Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 13)
2/25 SF 2187 Requires the Department of Transportation to Use the Systematic Alien Verification for Entitlements (SAVE) Program to Verify Drivers' Citizenship Status Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 5)
2/25 SB 1520 Requires State Law Enforcement to Share Information Upon Request with the Federal Government Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 12)
2/24 SB 149 Authorizes the Board of Education to Distribute Temporary Teaching Certificates to Veterans Bill Passed - House (102 - 1)
2/24 HB 1184 Establishes State Definitions for "Man" and "Woman" Bill Passed - House (57 - 9)
2/24 SB 1570 Requires Hospitals to Adopt Policies to Protect Patients From Immigration Enforcement Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 9)
2/24 SB 201 Requires Public Schools to Offer JROTC Programs to Private and Home School Students Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 0)
2/23 SB 1 Establishes and Amends Certain Requirements for SNAP Eligibility Bill Passed - House (62 - 31)
2/23 SB 1055 Requires State Law Enforcement to Notify Federal Immigration Enforcement When Someone Without Legal Status is Arrested Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 11)
2/19 HB 1792 Prohibits the Instruction of Critical Race Theory and LGBTQ+ Issues in Schools "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (184 - 164)
2/19 HB 1473 Authorizes Private Citizens to Refuse Recognition of Same-Sex Marriages Bill Passed - House (68 - 24)
2/19 SB 175 Requires Voters to Provide Citizenship Status When Registering to Vote Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 6)
2/18 SB 244 Requires Individuals to Use Restrooms in Government Buildings According to Their Biological Sex Veto Override Passed - House (87 - 37)
2/17 SB 244 Requires Individuals to Use Restrooms in Government Buildings According to Their Biological Sex Veto Override Passed - Senate (31 - 9)
2/17 SB 241 Establishes the Child Care Assistance Program for No-Cost Child Care Bill Passed - House (37 - 19)
2/17 SB 783 Restricts State and Local Law Enforcement From Engaging in a Federal Immigration Enforcement Agreement Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 19)
2/16 H 607 Requires Public Entities to Separate Restrooms by Sex Bill Passed - House (56 - 13)
2/12 SB 76 Expands Requirements for State and Local Government Entities to Cooperate with Federal Immigration Enforcement Bill Passed - House (61 - 28)
2/12 HB 444 Prohibits the State and Any Local Government From Entering Into an Immigration Enforcement Agreement Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 13)
2/12 SB 405 Authorizes Lawsuits Against Healthcare Providers Who Perform Gender Affirming Care for Minors Bill Passed - House (53 - 45)
2/12 SB 241 Establishes the Child Care Assistance Program for No-Cost Child Care Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 15)
2/12 HB 463 Establishes a Homestead Exemption for Senior Citizens who Volunteer with Local Governments Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 14)
2/12 H 4755 Authorizes the Governor to Appoint All Members of the Judicial Merit Selection Commission Bill Passed - House (71 - 10)
2/12 H 4755 Authorizes the Governor to Appoint All Members of the Judicial Merit Selection Commission Bill Passed - House (71 - 10)

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