Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Feb. 18, 2025 VA HB 1660 Prohibits the Use of Trigger Activators in Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 19)
Feb. 18, 2025 WY HB 45 Repeals and Removes Otters from the List of Protected Animals for Hunting Purposes Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 9)
Feb. 18, 2025 WY HB 45 Repeals and Removes Otters from the List of Protected Animals for Hunting Purposes Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 9)
Feb. 18, 2025 ID H 7 Establishes a Mandatory Minimum Fine of $300 for Anyone Convicted of Cannabis Possession Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 8)
Feb. 18, 2025 AR HB 1181 Amends the Full Practice Authority of a Certified Nurse Midwife to Allow Admitting Privileges Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 3)
Feb. 18, 2025 AR HB 1222 Requires Attorney General to Review Proposed Ballot Issues Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 8)
Feb. 18, 2025 SD HB 1222 Authorizes Concealed Carry Permit Holders to Keep Their Firearm Inside a Motor Vehicle While on School Property Bill Passed - House (64 - 5)
Feb. 18, 2025 IA SF 175 Requires Incorporating Provisions Related to Pregnancy and Fetal Development into the Human Growth and Development and Health Curricula Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 13)
Feb. 18, 2025 AL SB 76 Exempts Nursing Mothers from Jury Duty Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 0)
Feb. 18, 2025 KY SB 2 Prohibits Public Funds from Being Spent on Gender-Affirming Care in Kentucky Prisons Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 6)
Feb. 18, 2025 ND HB 1470 Increases the Price for Hunting and Fishing Licenses Bill Passed - House (64 - 25)
Feb. 18, 2025 CO HB 25-1041 Authorizes Public Universities to Pay Student Athletes for Their Name, Image, and Likeness (NIL) Bill Passed - House (59 - 5)
Feb. 18, 2025 KY SB 2 Prohibits Public Funds from Being Spent on Gender-Affirming Care in Kentucky Prisons Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 6)
Feb. 18, 2025 CO SB 25-003 Prohibits the Manufacture, Distribution, Transfer, Sale, or Purchase of Specified Semiautomatic Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 15)
Feb. 18, 2025 ID H 96 Prohibits Government Entities from Displaying Certain Flags Bill Passed - House (53 - 17)
Feb. 18, 2025 ND HB 1470 Increases the Price for Hunting and Fishing Licenses Bill Passed - House (64 - 25)
Feb. 17, 2025 VA HB 1597 Requires Secure Storage of Firearms in Households with Minors Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 18)
Feb. 17, 2025 AR SB 17 Prohibits the Selling of a Human Corpse or Body Parts Set to be Cremated or Buried Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 0)
Feb. 15, 2025 NM HB 8 Establishes Enhanced Penalties for Several Crimes and Criminal Competency Provisions Bill Passed - House (48 - 20)
Feb. 14, 2025 VA SB 1181 Limits the Sale of Assault-Style Firearm Weapons to Individuals 21 or Older Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
Feb. 14, 2025 VA HB 1876 Authorizes Public Colleges and Universities to Prohibit Guns on School Property Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
Feb. 14, 2025 VA SB 1105 Establishes the Right to Access and Use FDA-Approved Contraceptives Bill Passed - House (54 - 41)
Feb. 14, 2025 VA HB 2631 Establishes a 5-Day Waiting Period for Gun Purchases Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
Feb. 14, 2025 VA HB 1977 Prohibits Weapons in Hospitals that Provide Mental Health Care Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
Feb. 14, 2025 VA HB 1607 Prohibits the Manufacture, Sale, and Possession of Assault-Style Weapons Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
Feb. 14, 2025 MD HB 161 Establishes Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity as its Own Section in the Family Life and Human Sexuality Category Bill Passed - House (95 - 39)
Feb. 13, 2025 National HR 35 Agent Raul Gonzalez Officer Safety Act Bill Passed - House (264 - 155)
Feb. 13, 2025 ND HB 1607 Authorizes Educational Spending Debit Cards to Parents of Public, Private and Homeschooled Students Bill Failed - House (16 - 71)
Feb. 13, 2025 MS SB 2510 Prohibits Online Sweepstakes Casinos Bill Passed - Senate (51 - 0)
Feb. 13, 2025 AL SB 55 Prohibits Use of Driver's Licenses Issued Without Proof of Legal Residency in the United States Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 4)
Feb. 13, 2025 GA SB 21 Repeals Sanctuary City Lawsuit Immunity Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 18)
Feb. 13, 2025 AL SB 63 Requires Law Enforcement Agencies to Collect and Submit Fingerprints and DNA from Undocumented Immigrants in Custody Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 7)
Feb. 13, 2025 MO HB 75 Prohibits Any Public Official from Restricting Access to Places of Worship Bill Passed - House (106 - 38)
Feb. 13, 2025 AL SB 63 Requires Law Enforcement Agencies to Collect and Submit Fingerprints and DNA from Undocumented Immigrants in Custody Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 7)
Feb. 13, 2025 National HR 35 Agent Raul Gonzalez Officer Safety Act Bill Passed - House (264 - 155)
Feb. 12, 2025 VA SB 1181 Limits the Sale of Assault-Style Firearm Weapons to Individuals 21 or Older Bill Passed - House (50 - 47)
Feb. 12, 2025 VA SB 1182 Authorizes Public Universities to Ban Firearms and Explosive Materials in Their Buildings Bill Passed - House (50 - 46)
Feb. 12, 2025 AL SB 79 Defines "Gender" to be Based on Biological Sex Bill Passed - House (77 - 12)
Feb. 12, 2025 AL SB 79 Defines "Gender" to be Based on Biological Sex Bill Passed - House (77 - 12)
Feb. 12, 2025 NV AB 171 Repeals a 2021 Law that Required All Eggs Sold in the State Come from Cageless Hens Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 0)
Feb. 12, 2025 VA SB 891 Requires a 5-Day Waiting Period for Firearm Sales Bill Passed - House (50 - 47)
Feb. 12, 2025 VA SB 881 Prohibits the Manufacturing and Sale of Unserialized Firearms (Ghost Guns) Bill Passed - House (49 - 47)
Feb. 12, 2025 VA SB 880 Prohibits Carrying Assault-Style Weapons in Public Areas Bill Passed - House (50 - 47)
Feb. 12, 2025 VA SB 1134 Requires Secure Storage of Firearms in Households with Minors Bill Passed - House (50 - 47)
Feb. 12, 2025 VA SB 1110 Prohibits Weapons in Hospitals that Provide Mental Health Services Bill Passed - House (51 - 46)
Feb. 12, 2025 VA SB 1110 Prohibits Weapons in Hospitals that Provide Mental Health Services Bill Passed - House (51 - 46)
Feb. 12, 2025 GA SB 47 Establishes Annual 11-day Sales Tax Holiday for Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 21)
Feb. 12, 2025 AZ HB 2062 Defines Sex and Gender Terms for Any State Laws, Policies, or Institutions Bill Passed - House (32 - 27)
Feb. 12, 2025 AR SB 207 Requires Canvassers to Disclose Warnings on Petition Fraud Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 7)
Feb. 12, 2025 SD SB 100 Authorizes Concealed Carry Permit Holders to Carry on State University and Technical College Campuses Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 2)
Feb. 12, 2025 AR SB 210 Requires Canvassers to Provide Ballot Title to Petition Signees Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 10)
Feb. 12, 2025 AR SB 209 Prohibits Signatures Gathered by Canvassers Which Violated State Law Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 11)
Feb. 12, 2025 AR SB 208 Requires Canvassers to Request a Photo ID of Potential Signers Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 6)
Feb. 11, 2025 MT HB 121 Requires Individuals to Use Facilities that Correspond with Their Biological Sex at Birth Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 18)
Feb. 11, 2025 CO SB 25-062 Prohibits Failure to Appear in Court from Being Charged as a Separate Crime Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 11)
Feb. 11, 2025 AZ SB 1003 Prohibits Individuals from Using Locker Rooms or Bathrooms that Do Not Match Their Biological Sex Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 9)
Feb. 11, 2025 AZ SB 1003 Prohibits Individuals from Using Locker Rooms or Bathrooms that Do Not Match Their Biological Sex Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 9)
Feb. 11, 2025 WY HB 211 Authorizes the Hunting of Wildlife from a Vehicle if the Wildlife does not Require a License or Permit to Take Bill Passed - House (59 - 2)
Feb. 11, 2025 VA HB 1607 Prohibits the Manufacture, Sale, and Possession of Assault-Style Weapons Bill Passed - House (50 - 48)
Feb. 11, 2025 WY HB 211 Authorizes the Hunting of Wildlife from a Vehicle if the Wildlife does not Require a License or Permit to Take Bill Passed - House (59 - 2)
Feb. 10, 2025 SD SB 51 Requires Public Schools Display the 10 Commandments in Every Classroom Bill Failed - House (31 - 37)
Feb. 10, 2025 AR HB 1222 Requires Attorney General to Review Proposed Ballot Issues Bill Passed - House (62 - 30)
Feb. 10, 2025 ID H 83 Authorizes Law Enforcement to Regulate Undocumented Immigrants if They are Involved in Crimes Bill Passed - House (61 - 9)
Feb. 10, 2025 WY HB 234 Increases Sportsmen's Credit Card Purchase Privacy Bill Passed - House (56 - 3)
Feb. 10, 2025 ID H 83 Authorizes Law Enforcement to Regulate Undocumented Immigrants if They are Involved in Crimes Bill Passed - House (61 - 9)
Feb. 7, 2025 ND HB 1144 Prohibits All-Gender Bathrooms Including Single-Occupant Restrooms Bill Passed - House (73 - 18)
Feb. 7, 2025 CO HB 25-1138 Prohibits Courtroom Discussion of a Sexual Assault Victim's Previous Sexual Activity Bill Passed - House (60 - 2)
Feb. 6, 2025 WY HB 275 Amends the Crime of and Penalty for Cruelty to Animals Concerning Wildlife Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 4)
Feb. 6, 2025 WY HB 275 Amends the Crime of and Penalty for Cruelty to Animals Concerning Wildlife Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 4)
Feb. 6, 2025 NH HB 511 Prohibits Sanctuary City Policies in the State "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (351 - 6)
Feb. 6, 2025 MT HB 300 Prohibits Transgender Girls from Playing on Female Sports Teams Bill Passed - House (57 - 42)
Feb. 6, 2025 GA SB 1 Prohibits Transgender Girls from Playing on Female Sports Teams Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 17)
Feb. 6, 2025 AL SB 79 Defines "Gender" to be Based on Biological Sex Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 5)
Feb. 6, 2025 MS HB 1077 Limits Kratom Purchases to Individuals 21 and Older and Prohibits Synthetic Kratom Products Bill Passed - House (116 - 0)
Feb. 6, 2025 National HR 27 Halt All Lethal Trafficking of Fentanyl Act (HALT Fentanyl Act) Bill Passed - House (312 - 108)
Date No. Title Outcome
2/18 HB 1660 Prohibits the Use of Trigger Activators in Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 19)
2/18 HB 45 Repeals and Removes Otters from the List of Protected Animals for Hunting Purposes Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 9)
2/18 HB 45 Repeals and Removes Otters from the List of Protected Animals for Hunting Purposes Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 9)
2/18 H 7 Establishes a Mandatory Minimum Fine of $300 for Anyone Convicted of Cannabis Possession Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 8)
2/18 HB 1181 Amends the Full Practice Authority of a Certified Nurse Midwife to Allow Admitting Privileges Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 3)
2/18 HB 1222 Requires Attorney General to Review Proposed Ballot Issues Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 8)
2/18 HB 1222 Authorizes Concealed Carry Permit Holders to Keep Their Firearm Inside a Motor Vehicle While on School Property Bill Passed - House (64 - 5)
2/18 SF 175 Requires Incorporating Provisions Related to Pregnancy and Fetal Development into the Human Growth and Development and Health Curricula Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 13)
2/18 SB 76 Exempts Nursing Mothers from Jury Duty Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 0)
2/18 SB 2 Prohibits Public Funds from Being Spent on Gender-Affirming Care in Kentucky Prisons Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 6)
2/18 HB 1470 Increases the Price for Hunting and Fishing Licenses Bill Passed - House (64 - 25)
2/18 HB 25-1041 Authorizes Public Universities to Pay Student Athletes for Their Name, Image, and Likeness (NIL) Bill Passed - House (59 - 5)
2/18 SB 2 Prohibits Public Funds from Being Spent on Gender-Affirming Care in Kentucky Prisons Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 6)
2/18 SB 25-003 Prohibits the Manufacture, Distribution, Transfer, Sale, or Purchase of Specified Semiautomatic Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 15)
2/18 H 96 Prohibits Government Entities from Displaying Certain Flags Bill Passed - House (53 - 17)
2/18 HB 1470 Increases the Price for Hunting and Fishing Licenses Bill Passed - House (64 - 25)
2/17 HB 1597 Requires Secure Storage of Firearms in Households with Minors Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 18)
2/17 SB 17 Prohibits the Selling of a Human Corpse or Body Parts Set to be Cremated or Buried Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 0)
2/15 HB 8 Establishes Enhanced Penalties for Several Crimes and Criminal Competency Provisions Bill Passed - House (48 - 20)
2/14 SB 1181 Limits the Sale of Assault-Style Firearm Weapons to Individuals 21 or Older Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
2/14 HB 1876 Authorizes Public Colleges and Universities to Prohibit Guns on School Property Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
2/14 SB 1105 Establishes the Right to Access and Use FDA-Approved Contraceptives Bill Passed - House (54 - 41)
2/14 HB 2631 Establishes a 5-Day Waiting Period for Gun Purchases Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
2/14 HB 1977 Prohibits Weapons in Hospitals that Provide Mental Health Care Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
2/14 HB 1607 Prohibits the Manufacture, Sale, and Possession of Assault-Style Weapons Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
2/14 HB 161 Establishes Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity as its Own Section in the Family Life and Human Sexuality Category Bill Passed - House (95 - 39)
2/13 HR 35 Agent Raul Gonzalez Officer Safety Act Bill Passed - House (264 - 155)
2/13 HB 1607 Authorizes Educational Spending Debit Cards to Parents of Public, Private and Homeschooled Students Bill Failed - House (16 - 71)
2/13 SB 2510 Prohibits Online Sweepstakes Casinos Bill Passed - Senate (51 - 0)
2/13 SB 55 Prohibits Use of Driver's Licenses Issued Without Proof of Legal Residency in the United States Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 4)
2/13 SB 21 Repeals Sanctuary City Lawsuit Immunity Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 18)
2/13 SB 63 Requires Law Enforcement Agencies to Collect and Submit Fingerprints and DNA from Undocumented Immigrants in Custody Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 7)
2/13 HB 75 Prohibits Any Public Official from Restricting Access to Places of Worship Bill Passed - House (106 - 38)
2/13 SB 63 Requires Law Enforcement Agencies to Collect and Submit Fingerprints and DNA from Undocumented Immigrants in Custody Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 7)
2/13 HR 35 Agent Raul Gonzalez Officer Safety Act Bill Passed - House (264 - 155)
2/12 SB 1181 Limits the Sale of Assault-Style Firearm Weapons to Individuals 21 or Older Bill Passed - House (50 - 47)
2/12 SB 1182 Authorizes Public Universities to Ban Firearms and Explosive Materials in Their Buildings Bill Passed - House (50 - 46)
2/12 SB 79 Defines "Gender" to be Based on Biological Sex Bill Passed - House (77 - 12)
2/12 SB 79 Defines "Gender" to be Based on Biological Sex Bill Passed - House (77 - 12)
2/12 AB 171 Repeals a 2021 Law that Required All Eggs Sold in the State Come from Cageless Hens Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 0)
2/12 SB 891 Requires a 5-Day Waiting Period for Firearm Sales Bill Passed - House (50 - 47)
2/12 SB 881 Prohibits the Manufacturing and Sale of Unserialized Firearms (Ghost Guns) Bill Passed - House (49 - 47)
2/12 SB 880 Prohibits Carrying Assault-Style Weapons in Public Areas Bill Passed - House (50 - 47)
2/12 SB 1134 Requires Secure Storage of Firearms in Households with Minors Bill Passed - House (50 - 47)
2/12 SB 1110 Prohibits Weapons in Hospitals that Provide Mental Health Services Bill Passed - House (51 - 46)
2/12 SB 1110 Prohibits Weapons in Hospitals that Provide Mental Health Services Bill Passed - House (51 - 46)
2/12 SB 47 Establishes Annual 11-day Sales Tax Holiday for Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 21)
2/12 HB 2062 Defines Sex and Gender Terms for Any State Laws, Policies, or Institutions Bill Passed - House (32 - 27)
2/12 SB 207 Requires Canvassers to Disclose Warnings on Petition Fraud Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 7)
2/12 SB 100 Authorizes Concealed Carry Permit Holders to Carry on State University and Technical College Campuses Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 2)
2/12 SB 210 Requires Canvassers to Provide Ballot Title to Petition Signees Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 10)
2/12 SB 209 Prohibits Signatures Gathered by Canvassers Which Violated State Law Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 11)
2/12 SB 208 Requires Canvassers to Request a Photo ID of Potential Signers Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 6)
2/11 HB 121 Requires Individuals to Use Facilities that Correspond with Their Biological Sex at Birth Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 18)
2/11 SB 25-062 Prohibits Failure to Appear in Court from Being Charged as a Separate Crime Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 11)
2/11 SB 1003 Prohibits Individuals from Using Locker Rooms or Bathrooms that Do Not Match Their Biological Sex Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 9)
2/11 SB 1003 Prohibits Individuals from Using Locker Rooms or Bathrooms that Do Not Match Their Biological Sex Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 9)
2/11 HB 211 Authorizes the Hunting of Wildlife from a Vehicle if the Wildlife does not Require a License or Permit to Take Bill Passed - House (59 - 2)
2/11 HB 1607 Prohibits the Manufacture, Sale, and Possession of Assault-Style Weapons Bill Passed - House (50 - 48)
2/11 HB 211 Authorizes the Hunting of Wildlife from a Vehicle if the Wildlife does not Require a License or Permit to Take Bill Passed - House (59 - 2)
2/10 SB 51 Requires Public Schools Display the 10 Commandments in Every Classroom Bill Failed - House (31 - 37)
2/10 HB 1222 Requires Attorney General to Review Proposed Ballot Issues Bill Passed - House (62 - 30)
2/10 H 83 Authorizes Law Enforcement to Regulate Undocumented Immigrants if They are Involved in Crimes Bill Passed - House (61 - 9)
2/10 HB 234 Increases Sportsmen's Credit Card Purchase Privacy Bill Passed - House (56 - 3)
2/10 H 83 Authorizes Law Enforcement to Regulate Undocumented Immigrants if They are Involved in Crimes Bill Passed - House (61 - 9)
2/07 HB 1144 Prohibits All-Gender Bathrooms Including Single-Occupant Restrooms Bill Passed - House (73 - 18)
2/07 HB 25-1138 Prohibits Courtroom Discussion of a Sexual Assault Victim's Previous Sexual Activity Bill Passed - House (60 - 2)
2/06 HB 275 Amends the Crime of and Penalty for Cruelty to Animals Concerning Wildlife Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 4)
2/06 HB 275 Amends the Crime of and Penalty for Cruelty to Animals Concerning Wildlife Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 4)
2/06 HB 511 Prohibits Sanctuary City Policies in the State "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (351 - 6)
2/06 HB 300 Prohibits Transgender Girls from Playing on Female Sports Teams Bill Passed - House (57 - 42)
2/06 SB 1 Prohibits Transgender Girls from Playing on Female Sports Teams Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 17)
2/06 SB 79 Defines "Gender" to be Based on Biological Sex Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 5)
2/06 HB 1077 Limits Kratom Purchases to Individuals 21 and Older and Prohibits Synthetic Kratom Products Bill Passed - House (116 - 0)
2/06 HR 27 Halt All Lethal Trafficking of Fentanyl Act (HALT Fentanyl Act) Bill Passed - House (312 - 108)

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