Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Feb. 14, 2025 NM SB 1 Establishes a Trust Fund for Behavioral Health Initiatives Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 5)
Feb. 13, 2025 National PN 11-8 Nomination of Robert F. Kennedy Jr. to be Secretary of Health and Human Services Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 48)
Feb. 13, 2025 MT SB 221 Establishes Structured Guidance for Environmental Reviews Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 13)
Feb. 12, 2025 National PN 11-8 Nomination of Robert F. Kennedy Jr. to be Secretary of Health and Human Services Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 47)
Feb. 12, 2025 NV AB 171 Repeals a 2021 Law that Required All Eggs Sold in the State Come from Cageless Hens Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 0)
Feb. 12, 2025 NC SB 24 Requires Any New Benefits Mandated by State Law to Also Apply to the State Health Plan Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 15)
Feb. 12, 2025 AR SB 98 Authorizes Third Party Delivery Services for Alcohol Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 7)
Feb. 12, 2025 NC SB 24 Requires Any New Benefits Mandated by State Law to Also Apply to the State Health Plan Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 15)
Feb. 11, 2025 GA SB 39 Prohibits State Employees From Receiving Gender Affirming Health Care Services (32 - 18)
Feb. 6, 2025 National PN 11-8 Nomination of Robert F. Kennedy Jr. to be Secretary of Health and Human Services Motion Agreed - Senate (52 - 47)
Feb. 6, 2025 AL SB 79 Defines "Gender" to be Based on Biological Sex Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 5)
Feb. 4, 2025 VA SB 746 Expands the Definition of Felony Homicide to Include Fentanyl Distributors in Lethal Overdoses Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 6)
Feb. 3, 2025 SD HB 1022 Prohibits the Misbranding of Any Cell-Cultured Protein Product Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 0)
Feb. 3, 2025 VA SB 1098 Prohibits Healthcare Professionals from Out of State Extradition for Providing Legal Services Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 19)
Jan. 31, 2025 VA HJR 1 Establishes a Constitutional Amendment Enshrining Rights to Abortion Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (21 - 18)
Jan. 30, 2025 NH SB 14 Establishes Mandatory Minimum Sentences for Individuals Convicted on Fentanyl Charges "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (15 - 8)
Jan. 29, 2025 National PN 11-23 Nomination of Lee Zeldin to be Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency Nomination Confirmed - Senate (56 - 42)
Jan. 29, 2025 National PN 11-23 Nomination of Lee Zeldin to be Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency Cloture Invoked - Senate (56 - 42)
Jan. 28, 2025 IN SB 475 Prohibits Noncompete Agreements for Physicians Bill Passed - Senate (47 - 2)
Jan. 28, 2025 VA SB 1105 Establishes the Right to Access and Use FDA-Approved Contraceptives Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 18)
Jan. 23, 2025 CA SB 3 Appropriates $2.5 Billion for State Wildfire Relief and Prevention Programs Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 0)
Jan. 22, 2025 NY A 414 Amends and Updates the State's Nourish New York Program to Include Milk and Dairy Products Bill Passed - Senate (58 - 1)
Jan. 22, 2025 National S 6 Born-Alive Abortion Survivors Protection Act Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (52 - 47)
Jan. 22, 2025 NY S 824 Establishes a New Climate Change Adaptation Fund to Collect Payment From Certain Fossil Fuel Entities Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 24)
Jan. 21, 2025 NY S 929 Establishes the Health Information Privacy Act Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 10)
Jan. 21, 2025 NY S 36 Authorizes Pharmacists to Print the Name of a Healthcare Practice on Prescription Labels for Mifepristone and Misoprostol Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 20)
Jan. 21, 2025 NY S 36 Authorizes Pharmacists to Print the Name of a Healthcare Practice on Prescription Labels for Mifepristone and Misoprostol Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 20)
Jan. 21, 2025 NY S 929 Establishes the Health Information Privacy Act Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 10)
Jan. 6, 2025 IL HB 587 Increases Renewable Energy State Storage Requirements Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 16)
Dec. 20, 2024 MI HB 5695 Increases Financial Support Available to Ground Ambulance Services Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 3)
Dec. 18, 2024 National HR 5009 Wildlife Innovation and Longevity Driver (WILD) Reauthorization Act Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (85 - 14)
Dec. 18, 2024 OH SB 95 Amends State Business Climate by Reducing Legal Actions and Increasing Access to Healthcare Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 3)
Dec. 18, 2024 OH SB 63 Requires Individuals that Have Been Exposed to Asbestos to File Specific Types of Disclosures Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (25 - 6)
Dec. 16, 2024 National HR 5009 Wildlife Innovation and Longevity Driver (WILD) Reauthorization Act Cloture Invoked - Senate (83 - 12)
Dec. 11, 2024 OH HB 308 Amends the Definition of Nuclear Energy to be Reclassified as Green Energy Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 6)
Dec. 11, 2024 OH HB 73 Authorizes Healthcare Providers and Pharmacies to Prescribe Off-Label Medication Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 13)
Dec. 3, 2024 MI HB 5826 Creates a Doula Scholarship Fund Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 15)
Dec. 3, 2024 MI SB 822 Establishes the Right for Life-Sustaining Treatment Regardless of Pregnancy Status Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 17)
Dec. 3, 2024 MI SB 823 Prohibits Sex Discrimination in Places of Public Accommodation and Public Services Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 13)
Dec. 3, 2024 MI SB 823 Prohibits Sex Discrimination in Places of Public Accommodation and Public Services Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 13)
Dec. 3, 2024 MI SB 822 Establishes the Right for Life-Sustaining Treatment Regardless of Pregnancy Status Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 17)
Dec. 3, 2024 MI SB 820 Requires Hospitals Adopt Certain Policies for Patients Who are Giving Birth Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 14)
Dec. 3, 2024 MI SB 820 Requires Hospitals Adopt Certain Policies for Patients Who are Giving Birth Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 14)
Dec. 3, 2024 MI SB 819 Requires Reporting Procedures for Mistreatment During Perinatal Periods Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 14)
Dec. 3, 2024 MI SB 819 Requires Reporting Procedures for Mistreatment During Perinatal Periods Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 14)
Dec. 3, 2024 MI SB 818 Establishes a Commission to Investigate Racial Disparities Related to Maternal Health Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 14)
Dec. 3, 2024 MI SB 818 Establishes a Commission to Investigate Racial Disparities Related to Maternal Health Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 14)
Dec. 2, 2024 NC SB 382 Transfers $227 Million from North Carolina's Reserve Fund to the Helene Fund and Rescinds Election Board Appointment Powers from Governor to Auditor Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
Oct. 30, 2024 MI HB 4361 Establishes a 1-Time Individual Tax Credit for Organ Donation Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 1)
Oct. 24, 2024 MA S 2967 Reduces Clean Energy Infrastructure Permitting Requirements Conference Report Adopted - Senate (38 - 2)
Oct. 23, 2024 MI HB 5683 Prohibits Unsupervised Medical Exfoliation Procedures by Licensees or Registrants Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 2)
Oct. 22, 2024 PA SB 267 Expands the State Safe Haven Law Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (50 - 0)
Oct. 9, 2024 NC HB 149 Appropriates Emergency Funding for the Disaster Recovery Act Part I Conference Report Adopted - Senate (48 - 0)
Oct. 8, 2024 WV SB 2028 Authorizes Development of an Opioid Treatment Program Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (24 - 2)
Oct. 8, 2024 WV HB 208 Establishes a Comprehensive Radiation Control Act in West Virginia Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 5)
Oct. 1, 2024 PA SB 153 Exempts Milk Haulers from Travel Bans Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 14)
Sept. 30, 2024 NJ A 4447 Requires Healthcare Practitioner Referrals to Pharmacies be in Accordance with Certain Professional Standards Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 0)
Sept. 30, 2024 NJ A 4447 Requires Healthcare Practitioner Referrals to Pharmacies be in Accordance with Certain Professional Standards Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 0)
Sept. 26, 2024 MI SB 929 Authorizes Low-Income Access to a Broader Range of Care Centers by Repurposing Medicaid Funding Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (20 - 17)
Sept. 25, 2024 MI SB 791 Defines "Public Employee" for Collective Bargaining Purposes Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
Sept. 25, 2024 MI SB 790 Requires Individual Home Caregivers be Categorized as Public Employees and Authorizes Collective Bargaining Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
Sept. 24, 2024 National PN 1342 Nomination of Michael Sfraga of Alaska to be Ambassador at Large for Arctic Affairs Nomination Confirmed - Senate (55 - 36)
Sept. 20, 2024 CA AB 3206 Authorizes Alcohol Beverage Sales to Occur between 2 and 4 AM in Certain Fully Enclosed Sports Arenas Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 14)
Sept. 17, 2024 National S 4445 A bill to protect and expand nationwide access to fertility treatment, including in vitro fertilization. Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (51 - 44)
Sept. 17, 2024 National S 4445 A bill to protect and expand nationwide access to fertility treatment, including in vitro fertilization. Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (51 - 44)
Aug. 31, 2024 CA SB 219 Authorizes the State Board to Contract with a Climate Reporting Organization to Carry out the Above Described Actions that the State Board Deems Appropriate Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 4)
Aug. 30, 2024 CA SB 1374 Amends Solar Energy Tax Credits Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 9)
Aug. 30, 2024 CA SB 1053 Amends Codes on Solid Waste and Specifies What Constitutes a Recycled Carryout Bag Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 8)
Aug. 29, 2024 CA SB 1089 Requires Grocery Stores and Pharmacies Provide Advance Notice to the Community and Workers Before Closures Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (30 - 9)
Aug. 29, 2024 CA SB 1089 Requires Grocery Stores and Pharmacies Provide Advance Notice to the Community and Workers Before Closures Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (30 - 9)
Aug. 28, 2024 CA AB 347 Establishes Restrictions on PFAS Substances Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 7)
Aug. 28, 2024 CA AB 2515 Prohibits PFAs in Menstrual Product Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 0)
Aug. 28, 2024 CA AB 2319 Establishes the California Dignity in Pregnancy and Childbirth Act Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 6)
Aug. 28, 2024 CA AB 2319 Establishes the California Dignity in Pregnancy and Childbirth Act Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 6)
Aug. 27, 2024 CA AB 3265 Establishes the California Environmental Quality Act Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
Date No. Title Outcome
2/14 SB 1 Establishes a Trust Fund for Behavioral Health Initiatives Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 5)
2/13 PN 11-8 Nomination of Robert F. Kennedy Jr. to be Secretary of Health and Human Services Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 48)
2/13 SB 221 Establishes Structured Guidance for Environmental Reviews Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 13)
2/12 PN 11-8 Nomination of Robert F. Kennedy Jr. to be Secretary of Health and Human Services Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 47)
2/12 AB 171 Repeals a 2021 Law that Required All Eggs Sold in the State Come from Cageless Hens Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 0)
2/12 SB 24 Requires Any New Benefits Mandated by State Law to Also Apply to the State Health Plan Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 15)
2/12 SB 98 Authorizes Third Party Delivery Services for Alcohol Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 7)
2/12 SB 24 Requires Any New Benefits Mandated by State Law to Also Apply to the State Health Plan Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 15)
2/11 SB 39 Prohibits State Employees From Receiving Gender Affirming Health Care Services (32 - 18)
2/06 PN 11-8 Nomination of Robert F. Kennedy Jr. to be Secretary of Health and Human Services Motion Agreed - Senate (52 - 47)
2/06 SB 79 Defines "Gender" to be Based on Biological Sex Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 5)
2/04 SB 746 Expands the Definition of Felony Homicide to Include Fentanyl Distributors in Lethal Overdoses Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 6)
2/03 HB 1022 Prohibits the Misbranding of Any Cell-Cultured Protein Product Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 0)
2/03 SB 1098 Prohibits Healthcare Professionals from Out of State Extradition for Providing Legal Services Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 19)
1/31 HJR 1 Establishes a Constitutional Amendment Enshrining Rights to Abortion Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (21 - 18)
1/30 SB 14 Establishes Mandatory Minimum Sentences for Individuals Convicted on Fentanyl Charges "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (15 - 8)
1/29 PN 11-23 Nomination of Lee Zeldin to be Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency Nomination Confirmed - Senate (56 - 42)
1/29 PN 11-23 Nomination of Lee Zeldin to be Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency Cloture Invoked - Senate (56 - 42)
1/28 SB 475 Prohibits Noncompete Agreements for Physicians Bill Passed - Senate (47 - 2)
1/28 SB 1105 Establishes the Right to Access and Use FDA-Approved Contraceptives Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 18)
1/23 SB 3 Appropriates $2.5 Billion for State Wildfire Relief and Prevention Programs Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 0)
1/22 A 414 Amends and Updates the State's Nourish New York Program to Include Milk and Dairy Products Bill Passed - Senate (58 - 1)
1/22 S 6 Born-Alive Abortion Survivors Protection Act Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (52 - 47)
1/22 S 824 Establishes a New Climate Change Adaptation Fund to Collect Payment From Certain Fossil Fuel Entities Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 24)
1/21 S 929 Establishes the Health Information Privacy Act Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 10)
1/21 S 36 Authorizes Pharmacists to Print the Name of a Healthcare Practice on Prescription Labels for Mifepristone and Misoprostol Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 20)
1/21 S 36 Authorizes Pharmacists to Print the Name of a Healthcare Practice on Prescription Labels for Mifepristone and Misoprostol Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 20)
1/21 S 929 Establishes the Health Information Privacy Act Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 10)
1/06 HB 587 Increases Renewable Energy State Storage Requirements Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 16)
12/20 HB 5695 Increases Financial Support Available to Ground Ambulance Services Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 3)
12/18 HR 5009 Wildlife Innovation and Longevity Driver (WILD) Reauthorization Act Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (85 - 14)
12/18 SB 95 Amends State Business Climate by Reducing Legal Actions and Increasing Access to Healthcare Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 3)
12/18 SB 63 Requires Individuals that Have Been Exposed to Asbestos to File Specific Types of Disclosures Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (25 - 6)
12/16 HR 5009 Wildlife Innovation and Longevity Driver (WILD) Reauthorization Act Cloture Invoked - Senate (83 - 12)
12/11 HB 308 Amends the Definition of Nuclear Energy to be Reclassified as Green Energy Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 6)
12/11 HB 73 Authorizes Healthcare Providers and Pharmacies to Prescribe Off-Label Medication Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 13)
12/03 HB 5826 Creates a Doula Scholarship Fund Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 15)
12/03 SB 822 Establishes the Right for Life-Sustaining Treatment Regardless of Pregnancy Status Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 17)
12/03 SB 823 Prohibits Sex Discrimination in Places of Public Accommodation and Public Services Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 13)
12/03 SB 823 Prohibits Sex Discrimination in Places of Public Accommodation and Public Services Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 13)
12/03 SB 822 Establishes the Right for Life-Sustaining Treatment Regardless of Pregnancy Status Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 17)
12/03 SB 820 Requires Hospitals Adopt Certain Policies for Patients Who are Giving Birth Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 14)
12/03 SB 820 Requires Hospitals Adopt Certain Policies for Patients Who are Giving Birth Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 14)
12/03 SB 819 Requires Reporting Procedures for Mistreatment During Perinatal Periods Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 14)
12/03 SB 819 Requires Reporting Procedures for Mistreatment During Perinatal Periods Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 14)
12/03 SB 818 Establishes a Commission to Investigate Racial Disparities Related to Maternal Health Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 14)
12/03 SB 818 Establishes a Commission to Investigate Racial Disparities Related to Maternal Health Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 14)
12/02 SB 382 Transfers $227 Million from North Carolina's Reserve Fund to the Helene Fund and Rescinds Election Board Appointment Powers from Governor to Auditor Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
10/30 HB 4361 Establishes a 1-Time Individual Tax Credit for Organ Donation Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 1)
10/24 S 2967 Reduces Clean Energy Infrastructure Permitting Requirements Conference Report Adopted - Senate (38 - 2)
10/23 HB 5683 Prohibits Unsupervised Medical Exfoliation Procedures by Licensees or Registrants Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 2)
10/22 SB 267 Expands the State Safe Haven Law Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (50 - 0)
10/09 HB 149 Appropriates Emergency Funding for the Disaster Recovery Act Part I Conference Report Adopted - Senate (48 - 0)
10/08 SB 2028 Authorizes Development of an Opioid Treatment Program Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (24 - 2)
10/08 HB 208 Establishes a Comprehensive Radiation Control Act in West Virginia Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 5)
10/01 SB 153 Exempts Milk Haulers from Travel Bans Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 14)
9/30 A 4447 Requires Healthcare Practitioner Referrals to Pharmacies be in Accordance with Certain Professional Standards Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 0)
9/30 A 4447 Requires Healthcare Practitioner Referrals to Pharmacies be in Accordance with Certain Professional Standards Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 0)
9/26 SB 929 Authorizes Low-Income Access to a Broader Range of Care Centers by Repurposing Medicaid Funding Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (20 - 17)
9/25 SB 791 Defines "Public Employee" for Collective Bargaining Purposes Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
9/25 SB 790 Requires Individual Home Caregivers be Categorized as Public Employees and Authorizes Collective Bargaining Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
9/24 PN 1342 Nomination of Michael Sfraga of Alaska to be Ambassador at Large for Arctic Affairs Nomination Confirmed - Senate (55 - 36)
9/20 AB 3206 Authorizes Alcohol Beverage Sales to Occur between 2 and 4 AM in Certain Fully Enclosed Sports Arenas Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 14)
9/17 S 4445 A bill to protect and expand nationwide access to fertility treatment, including in vitro fertilization. Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (51 - 44)
9/17 S 4445 A bill to protect and expand nationwide access to fertility treatment, including in vitro fertilization. Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (51 - 44)
8/31 SB 219 Authorizes the State Board to Contract with a Climate Reporting Organization to Carry out the Above Described Actions that the State Board Deems Appropriate Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 4)
8/30 SB 1374 Amends Solar Energy Tax Credits Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 9)
8/30 SB 1053 Amends Codes on Solid Waste and Specifies What Constitutes a Recycled Carryout Bag Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 8)
8/29 SB 1089 Requires Grocery Stores and Pharmacies Provide Advance Notice to the Community and Workers Before Closures Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (30 - 9)
8/29 SB 1089 Requires Grocery Stores and Pharmacies Provide Advance Notice to the Community and Workers Before Closures Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (30 - 9)
8/28 AB 347 Establishes Restrictions on PFAS Substances Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 7)
8/28 AB 2515 Prohibits PFAs in Menstrual Product Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 0)
8/28 AB 2319 Establishes the California Dignity in Pregnancy and Childbirth Act Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 6)
8/28 AB 2319 Establishes the California Dignity in Pregnancy and Childbirth Act Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 6)
8/27 AB 3265 Establishes the California Environmental Quality Act Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)

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