Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
May 22, 2025 OK HB 1460 Authorizes Removal of Certain Criminal Justice Fees and Court Waivers Bill Passed - House (84 - 3)
May 22, 2025 LA HB 393 Authorizes Bystanders or Spectators to Carry Guns at Parades Bill Passed - House (73 - 16)
May 21, 2025 NV AB 411 Establishes Legal Protections for Prescribers of Abortion Drugs like Mifepristone, Misoprostol Bill Passed - Senate (13 - 8)
May 21, 2025 NV AB 411 Establishes Legal Protections for Prescribers of Abortion Drugs like Mifepristone, Misoprostol Bill Passed - Senate (13 - 8)
May 21, 2025 LA HB 431 Limits the Ability for Individuals to Recover Damages for Injuries Sustained in Accidents for Which They Are Mostly at Fault Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 9)
May 21, 2025 LA HB 431 Limits the Ability for Individuals to Recover Damages for Injuries Sustained in Accidents for Which They Are Mostly at Fault Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 9)
May 21, 2025 LA HB 436 Prohibits Unauthorized Immigrants from Receiving General Damages Stemming from Auto Accidents Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 10)
May 21, 2025 TX SB 648 Amends Recording Requirements for Certain Instruments Concerning Real Property Bill Passed - House (140 - 1)
May 21, 2025 NV AB 245 Prohibits Individuals 21 and Under from Owning Semi-Automatic Weapons Bill Passed - Senate (12 - 8)
May 21, 2025 LA HB 450 Repeals the Housley Presumption that says Courts Should Assume a Plaintiff's Injuries Resulted from the Accident in Question Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 9)
May 21, 2025 NV AB 416 Prohibits Public Schools and Libraries from Restricting Access to Materials Based on Content Bill Passed - House (29 - 13)
May 21, 2025 NE LB 298 Increases Legislative Supervision Over Divisions Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 3)
May 21, 2025 NY A 5448 Requires Institutions of Higher Education to Designate a Title VI Coordinator Bill Passed - House (143 - 1)
May 21, 2025 CT HB 7259 Amends and Strengthens the State's Existing Trust Act which Limits Cooperation Between State and Local Law Enforcement and Federal Immigration Authorities Bill Passed - House (96 - 51)
May 20, 2025 AK HB 35 Authorizes Tablet Use in Prisons Concurrence Vote Passed - House (28 - 12)
May 20, 2025 TX SB 9 Amends Bail Programs and the Release of Defendants to Require Notification of Victims Bill Passed - House (118 - 25)
May 20, 2025 TX SB 40 Amends Bail Bonds and Prohibits the Use of Public Tax Funds to Pay Bail Bonds Bill Passed - House (113 - 30)
May 20, 2025 TX SB 9 Amends Bail Programs and the Release of Defendants to Require Notification of Victims Bill Passed - House (118 - 25)
May 20, 2025 OR SB 1191 Authorizes Individuals to Inform Others of Their Rights Bill Passed - House (32 - 19)
May 20, 2025 OR SB 1191 Authorizes Individuals to Inform Others of Their Rights Bill Passed - House (32 - 19)
May 20, 2025 IL SB 19 Amends and Reforms the State Prisoner Review Board Bill Passed - House (74 - 37)
May 20, 2025 MI SB 260 Specifies that Public Universities, Colleges, and School Districts May be Held Liable for Criminal Sexual Conduct of an Employee or Agent Committed During the Course of Employment or Service Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
May 20, 2025 MI SB 261 Exempts Claims for Damages Resulting from Criminal Sexual Conduct from the Statute of Limitations on Claims Made Against the State of Michigan Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
May 20, 2025 MI SB 261 Exempts Claims for Damages Resulting from Criminal Sexual Conduct from the Statute of Limitations on Claims Made Against the State of Michigan Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
May 20, 2025 MI SB 260 Specifies that Public Universities, Colleges, and School Districts May be Held Liable for Criminal Sexual Conduct of an Employee or Agent Committed During the Course of Employment or Service Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
May 20, 2025 MI SB 259 Exempts Claims for Damages Resulting from Criminal Sexual Conduct from the Statute of Limitations on Claims Made Against the State Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
May 20, 2025 MI SB 259 Exempts Claims for Damages Resulting from Criminal Sexual Conduct from the Statute of Limitations on Claims Made Against the State Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
May 20, 2025 MI SB 257 Expands the Statute of Limitations for Civil Action Against Criminal Sexual Conduct Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
May 20, 2025 MI SB 258 Expands the Statute of Limitations for Civil Actions against Criminal Sexual Conduct Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
May 20, 2025 MI SB 258 Expands the Statute of Limitations for Civil Actions against Criminal Sexual Conduct Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
May 20, 2025 NY S 856 Increases State Prison Oversight Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 21)
May 20, 2025 DE HB 154 Authorizes Immunity to Nonprofit Organizations Who Distribute New Secure Gun Storage and Safety Devices Bill Passed - House (31 - 7)
May 20, 2025 DE HB 154 Authorizes Immunity to Nonprofit Organizations Who Distribute New Secure Gun Storage and Safety Devices Bill Passed - House (31 - 7)
May 20, 2025 NY S 856 Increases State Prison Oversight Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 21)
May 19, 2025 TX SJR 5 Establishes a Constitutional Amendment Authorizing the Denial of Bail Under Limited Circumstances Joint Resolution Passed - House (133 - 8)
May 19, 2025 TX SJR 5 Establishes a Constitutional Amendment Authorizing the Denial of Bail Under Limited Circumstances Joint Resolution Passed - House (133 - 8)
May 19, 2025 NV AB 48 Requires Schools to Investigate Race-Based Bullying Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 0)
May 19, 2025 NV SB 89 Prohibits Individuals Convicted of Hate Crimes from Purchasing Firearms in Nevada Bill Passed - Senate (12 - 8)
May 19, 2025 NV SB 89 Prohibits Individuals Convicted of Hate Crimes from Purchasing Firearms in Nevada Bill Passed - Senate (12 - 8)
May 16, 2025 AK HB 75 Amends Permanent Fund Dividend Division Concurrence Vote Passed - House (30 - 9)
May 16, 2025 TX HB 3006 Requires All State Prisons to Install Air Conditioning (AC) Units Bill Passed - House (79 - 39)
May 16, 2025 TX HB 3006 Requires All State Prisons to Install Air Conditioning (AC) Units Bill Passed - House (79 - 39)
May 15, 2025 NH SB 62 Authorizes Law Enforcement Officials to Enter into Agreements with ICE Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (15 - 8)
May 15, 2025 IL SB 1953 Requires Law Enforcement Agencies to have Stricter Hiring Practices Bill Passed - House (101 - 12)
May 15, 2025 MO SB 3 Increases Certain Service Fees at License Offices Bill Passed - House (131 - 18)
May 15, 2025 CA AB 309 Extends the Authorization for Physicians and Pharmacists to Provide Hypodermic Needles and Syringes Without Prescription or Permit Indefinitely Bill Passed - House (54 - 15)
May 15, 2025 National HR 2255 Federal Law Enforcement Officer Service Weapon Purchase Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (234 - 182)
May 15, 2025 National HR 2255 Federal Law Enforcement Officer Service Weapon Purchase Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (234 - 182)
May 15, 2025 National HR 2240 Improving Law Enforcement Officer Safety and Wellness Through Data Act Bill Passed - House (403 - 11)
May 15, 2025 WI SB 33 Classifies the Distribution of Deep Fake Intimate Content as a Class I Felony Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 0)
May 14, 2025 AL HB 202 Extends Immunity for Law Enforcement Officers Concurrence Vote Passed - House (73 - 28)
May 14, 2025 AL HB 202 Extends Immunity for Law Enforcement Officers Concurrence Vote Passed - House (73 - 28)
May 14, 2025 AL HB 202 Extends Immunity for Law Enforcement Officers Concurrence Vote Passed - House (73 - 28)
May 14, 2025 AL HB 202 Extends Immunity for Law Enforcement Officers Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 6)
May 14, 2025 AL HB 202 Extends Immunity for Law Enforcement Officers Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 6)
May 14, 2025 AL HB 202 Extends Immunity for Law Enforcement Officers Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 6)
May 14, 2025 OR SB 959 Establishes that Having a Signal Jammer That Can Disrupt Alarm Systems is a Crime If It's Used to Break Into or Steal From a House or Building Bill Passed - House (47 - 5)
May 14, 2025 OR SB 1175 Establishes a Temporary Task Force on Removing Barriers to Jury Service Bill Passed - House (37 - 15)
May 14, 2025 National HR 2243 Law Enforcement Officer Safety Act (LEOSA) Reform Act Bill Passed - House (229 - 193)
May 14, 2025 CT SB 2 Establishes Artificial Intelligence Regulations Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 4)
May 14, 2025 National H Res 352 Calling on elected officials and civil society leaders to counter antisemitism and educate the public on the contributions of the Jewish American community. Resolution Passed - House (421 - 1)
May 14, 2025 National HR 2243 Law Enforcement Officer Safety Act (LEOSA) Reform Act Bill Passed - House (229 - 193)
May 14, 2025 National HR 2243 Law Enforcement Officer Safety Act (LEOSA) Reform Act Bill Passed - House (229 - 193)
May 14, 2025 IA HF 1038 Authorizes Appropriations from the Opioid Settlement Fund Bill Passed - House (84 - 1)
May 14, 2025 CT SB 1446 Establishes Increased Fines for Roaming Dogs Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 2)
May 13, 2025 National PN 25-50 Nomination of Reed Rubinstein to be Legal Adviser of the Department of State Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 46)
May 13, 2025 OR HB 3378 Requires Landlords to Provide Non-Digital Access Options to Rental Units Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 6)
May 13, 2025 OR HB 2134 Authorizes Tenants to Terminate Lease Early Following Landlord's Notice of Nonrenewal Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 3)
May 13, 2025 NY A 2123 Authorizes Additional Credits for the Children and Siblings of Deceased Sanitation Workers Related to the 9/11 Terror Attacks Bill Passed - Senate (57 - 0)
May 13, 2025 OR HB 2933 Authorizes Amendments Made by the Oregon Criminal Justice Commission Relating to Sentencing Guidelines Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 11)
May 13, 2025 TX HB 413 Prohibits the Detainment of Pre-Trial Defendants for Longer Than Their Potential Punishment in Texas Bill Passed - House (115 - 23)
May 13, 2025 National H Con Res 30 Expressing support for local law enforcement officers. Joint Resolution Passed - House (411 - 1)
May 13, 2025 TX HB 413 Prohibits the Detainment of Pre-Trial Defendants for Longer Than Their Potential Punishment in Texas Bill Passed - House (115 - 23)
May 13, 2025 TX HB 305 Amends the Time Period for Conducting Pretrial Hearings After a Criminal Defendant Has Been Restored to Competency Bill Passed - House (136 - 4)
May 13, 2025 TX HB 305 Amends the Time Period for Conducting Pretrial Hearings After a Criminal Defendant Has Been Restored to Competency Bill Passed - House (136 - 4)
Date No. Title Outcome
5/22 HB 1460 Authorizes Removal of Certain Criminal Justice Fees and Court Waivers Bill Passed - House (84 - 3)
5/22 HB 393 Authorizes Bystanders or Spectators to Carry Guns at Parades Bill Passed - House (73 - 16)
5/21 AB 411 Establishes Legal Protections for Prescribers of Abortion Drugs like Mifepristone, Misoprostol Bill Passed - Senate (13 - 8)
5/21 AB 411 Establishes Legal Protections for Prescribers of Abortion Drugs like Mifepristone, Misoprostol Bill Passed - Senate (13 - 8)
5/21 HB 431 Limits the Ability for Individuals to Recover Damages for Injuries Sustained in Accidents for Which They Are Mostly at Fault Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 9)
5/21 HB 431 Limits the Ability for Individuals to Recover Damages for Injuries Sustained in Accidents for Which They Are Mostly at Fault Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 9)
5/21 HB 436 Prohibits Unauthorized Immigrants from Receiving General Damages Stemming from Auto Accidents Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 10)
5/21 SB 648 Amends Recording Requirements for Certain Instruments Concerning Real Property Bill Passed - House (140 - 1)
5/21 AB 245 Prohibits Individuals 21 and Under from Owning Semi-Automatic Weapons Bill Passed - Senate (12 - 8)
5/21 HB 450 Repeals the Housley Presumption that says Courts Should Assume a Plaintiff's Injuries Resulted from the Accident in Question Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 9)
5/21 AB 416 Prohibits Public Schools and Libraries from Restricting Access to Materials Based on Content Bill Passed - House (29 - 13)
5/21 LB 298 Increases Legislative Supervision Over Divisions Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 3)
5/21 A 5448 Requires Institutions of Higher Education to Designate a Title VI Coordinator Bill Passed - House (143 - 1)
5/21 HB 7259 Amends and Strengthens the State's Existing Trust Act which Limits Cooperation Between State and Local Law Enforcement and Federal Immigration Authorities Bill Passed - House (96 - 51)
5/20 HB 35 Authorizes Tablet Use in Prisons Concurrence Vote Passed - House (28 - 12)
5/20 SB 9 Amends Bail Programs and the Release of Defendants to Require Notification of Victims Bill Passed - House (118 - 25)
5/20 SB 40 Amends Bail Bonds and Prohibits the Use of Public Tax Funds to Pay Bail Bonds Bill Passed - House (113 - 30)
5/20 SB 9 Amends Bail Programs and the Release of Defendants to Require Notification of Victims Bill Passed - House (118 - 25)
5/20 SB 1191 Authorizes Individuals to Inform Others of Their Rights Bill Passed - House (32 - 19)
5/20 SB 1191 Authorizes Individuals to Inform Others of Their Rights Bill Passed - House (32 - 19)
5/20 SB 19 Amends and Reforms the State Prisoner Review Board Bill Passed - House (74 - 37)
5/20 SB 260 Specifies that Public Universities, Colleges, and School Districts May be Held Liable for Criminal Sexual Conduct of an Employee or Agent Committed During the Course of Employment or Service Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
5/20 SB 261 Exempts Claims for Damages Resulting from Criminal Sexual Conduct from the Statute of Limitations on Claims Made Against the State of Michigan Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
5/20 SB 261 Exempts Claims for Damages Resulting from Criminal Sexual Conduct from the Statute of Limitations on Claims Made Against the State of Michigan Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
5/20 SB 260 Specifies that Public Universities, Colleges, and School Districts May be Held Liable for Criminal Sexual Conduct of an Employee or Agent Committed During the Course of Employment or Service Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
5/20 SB 259 Exempts Claims for Damages Resulting from Criminal Sexual Conduct from the Statute of Limitations on Claims Made Against the State Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
5/20 SB 259 Exempts Claims for Damages Resulting from Criminal Sexual Conduct from the Statute of Limitations on Claims Made Against the State Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
5/20 SB 257 Expands the Statute of Limitations for Civil Action Against Criminal Sexual Conduct Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
5/20 SB 258 Expands the Statute of Limitations for Civil Actions against Criminal Sexual Conduct Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
5/20 SB 258 Expands the Statute of Limitations for Civil Actions against Criminal Sexual Conduct Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
5/20 S 856 Increases State Prison Oversight Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 21)
5/20 HB 154 Authorizes Immunity to Nonprofit Organizations Who Distribute New Secure Gun Storage and Safety Devices Bill Passed - House (31 - 7)
5/20 HB 154 Authorizes Immunity to Nonprofit Organizations Who Distribute New Secure Gun Storage and Safety Devices Bill Passed - House (31 - 7)
5/20 S 856 Increases State Prison Oversight Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 21)
5/19 SJR 5 Establishes a Constitutional Amendment Authorizing the Denial of Bail Under Limited Circumstances Joint Resolution Passed - House (133 - 8)
5/19 SJR 5 Establishes a Constitutional Amendment Authorizing the Denial of Bail Under Limited Circumstances Joint Resolution Passed - House (133 - 8)
5/19 AB 48 Requires Schools to Investigate Race-Based Bullying Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 0)
5/19 SB 89 Prohibits Individuals Convicted of Hate Crimes from Purchasing Firearms in Nevada Bill Passed - Senate (12 - 8)
5/19 SB 89 Prohibits Individuals Convicted of Hate Crimes from Purchasing Firearms in Nevada Bill Passed - Senate (12 - 8)
5/16 HB 75 Amends Permanent Fund Dividend Division Concurrence Vote Passed - House (30 - 9)
5/16 HB 3006 Requires All State Prisons to Install Air Conditioning (AC) Units Bill Passed - House (79 - 39)
5/16 HB 3006 Requires All State Prisons to Install Air Conditioning (AC) Units Bill Passed - House (79 - 39)
5/15 SB 62 Authorizes Law Enforcement Officials to Enter into Agreements with ICE Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (15 - 8)
5/15 SB 1953 Requires Law Enforcement Agencies to have Stricter Hiring Practices Bill Passed - House (101 - 12)
5/15 SB 3 Increases Certain Service Fees at License Offices Bill Passed - House (131 - 18)
5/15 AB 309 Extends the Authorization for Physicians and Pharmacists to Provide Hypodermic Needles and Syringes Without Prescription or Permit Indefinitely Bill Passed - House (54 - 15)
5/15 HR 2255 Federal Law Enforcement Officer Service Weapon Purchase Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (234 - 182)
5/15 HR 2255 Federal Law Enforcement Officer Service Weapon Purchase Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (234 - 182)
5/15 HR 2240 Improving Law Enforcement Officer Safety and Wellness Through Data Act Bill Passed - House (403 - 11)
5/15 SB 33 Classifies the Distribution of Deep Fake Intimate Content as a Class I Felony Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 0)
5/14 HB 202 Extends Immunity for Law Enforcement Officers Concurrence Vote Passed - House (73 - 28)
5/14 HB 202 Extends Immunity for Law Enforcement Officers Concurrence Vote Passed - House (73 - 28)
5/14 HB 202 Extends Immunity for Law Enforcement Officers Concurrence Vote Passed - House (73 - 28)
5/14 HB 202 Extends Immunity for Law Enforcement Officers Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 6)
5/14 HB 202 Extends Immunity for Law Enforcement Officers Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 6)
5/14 HB 202 Extends Immunity for Law Enforcement Officers Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 6)
5/14 SB 959 Establishes that Having a Signal Jammer That Can Disrupt Alarm Systems is a Crime If It's Used to Break Into or Steal From a House or Building Bill Passed - House (47 - 5)
5/14 SB 1175 Establishes a Temporary Task Force on Removing Barriers to Jury Service Bill Passed - House (37 - 15)
5/14 HR 2243 Law Enforcement Officer Safety Act (LEOSA) Reform Act Bill Passed - House (229 - 193)
5/14 SB 2 Establishes Artificial Intelligence Regulations Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 4)
5/14 H Res 352 Calling on elected officials and civil society leaders to counter antisemitism and educate the public on the contributions of the Jewish American community. Resolution Passed - House (421 - 1)
5/14 HR 2243 Law Enforcement Officer Safety Act (LEOSA) Reform Act Bill Passed - House (229 - 193)
5/14 HR 2243 Law Enforcement Officer Safety Act (LEOSA) Reform Act Bill Passed - House (229 - 193)
5/14 HF 1038 Authorizes Appropriations from the Opioid Settlement Fund Bill Passed - House (84 - 1)
5/14 SB 1446 Establishes Increased Fines for Roaming Dogs Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 2)
5/13 PN 25-50 Nomination of Reed Rubinstein to be Legal Adviser of the Department of State Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 46)
5/13 HB 3378 Requires Landlords to Provide Non-Digital Access Options to Rental Units Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 6)
5/13 HB 2134 Authorizes Tenants to Terminate Lease Early Following Landlord's Notice of Nonrenewal Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 3)
5/13 A 2123 Authorizes Additional Credits for the Children and Siblings of Deceased Sanitation Workers Related to the 9/11 Terror Attacks Bill Passed - Senate (57 - 0)
5/13 HB 2933 Authorizes Amendments Made by the Oregon Criminal Justice Commission Relating to Sentencing Guidelines Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 11)
5/13 HB 413 Prohibits the Detainment of Pre-Trial Defendants for Longer Than Their Potential Punishment in Texas Bill Passed - House (115 - 23)
5/13 H Con Res 30 Expressing support for local law enforcement officers. Joint Resolution Passed - House (411 - 1)
5/13 HB 413 Prohibits the Detainment of Pre-Trial Defendants for Longer Than Their Potential Punishment in Texas Bill Passed - House (115 - 23)
5/13 HB 305 Amends the Time Period for Conducting Pretrial Hearings After a Criminal Defendant Has Been Restored to Competency Bill Passed - House (136 - 4)
5/13 HB 305 Amends the Time Period for Conducting Pretrial Hearings After a Criminal Defendant Has Been Restored to Competency Bill Passed - House (136 - 4)

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