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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Oct. 8, 2025 OH HB 170 Establishes a Clearer Regulatory Framework for Carbon Capture and Sequestration Across the State Bill Passed - House (93 - 4)
Oct. 1, 2025 PA HB 997 Requires Companies That Collect Personal Data to Take Steps to Protect it From Hacking Bill Passed - House (112 - 91)
Oct. 1, 2025 PA HB 78 Expands Protections for Consumer Data and Requires Information Sharing About Data Use Bill Passed - House (127 - 76)
Sept. 16, 2025 MI HB 4719 Authorizes Civil Fines in Addition to Criminal Penalties to Deter Fraud Bill Passed - House (102 - 1)
Sept. 16, 2025 MI HB 4716 Authorizes a Wider Range of Offenses to Allow Increased Punishment for Fraud Offenders Bill Passed - House (101 - 2)
Sept. 12, 2025 CA SB 53 Requires Artificial Intelligence Companies to Publish and Adhere to Safety Guidelines in Order to Mitigate Catastrophic Risks Associated with AI Bill Passed - House (59 - 7)
Sept. 11, 2025 CA AB 566 Authorizes Online Users to Opt-Out of Sale Browsing Data Concurrence Vote Passed - House (57 - 3)
Sept. 11, 2025 CA AB 1064 Prohibits Individuals or Businesses from Providing "Companion Chatbots" Concurrence Vote Passed - House (60 - 8)
Sept. 11, 2025 CA SB 7 Requires Employers to Give Workers 30 Days Notice Before They Use AI to Make Decisions Related to Employment Bill Passed - House (45 - 17)
Sept. 10, 2025 CA SB 243 Requires the Operator of an Artificial Intelligence Chatbot to Disclose that the Chatbot is Artificial Intelligence to Any User that is a Minor and to Maintain a Protocol for Preventing the Production of Suicidal Ideation, Suicide, or Self-Harm Content Bill Passed - House (59 - 1)
Sept. 9, 2025 CA SB 464 Establishes Rules Regarding Employer Pay Data Bill Passed - House (64 - 7)
Sept. 9, 2025 MI HB 4602 Prohibits the Secretary of State From Restricting Local Election Clerks From Using Any Lawful Source for Testing Voting Machines Bill Passed - House (63 - 41)
Sept. 8, 2025 CA AB 489 Prohibits Entities that Use Artificial Intelligence from Using Specified Terms, Letters, or Phrases that would Falsely Indicate or Imply Possession of a License or Certificate to Practice a Health Care Profession Concurrence Vote Passed - House (79 - 0)
Sept. 8, 2025 CA SB 524 Establishes Restrictions on the Use of Artificial Intelligence by Law Enforcement Agencies Bill Passed - House (50 - 17)
Sept. 4, 2025 CA SB 576 Prohibits Video Streaming Services from Transmitting the Audio of the Commercial Advertisements Louder than the Video Being Played Bill Passed - House (71 - 0)
Sept. 4, 2025 MI HB 4517 Amends and Modifies the Amber Alert Activation Criteria and Distribution Processes Bill Passed - House (104 - 1)
Sept. 4, 2025 MI HB 4518 Expands Activation Requirements Under the Michigan Amber Alert Act Bill Passed - House (104 - 1)
Aug. 21, 2025 TX HB 22 (2nd Special Session) Authorizes the State Comptroller to Provide Funds to Local Governments for Emergency Communication Equipment Bill Passed - House (136 - 1)
Aug. 21, 2025 TX HB 3 (2nd Special Session) Establishes the Texas Interoperability Council to Improve Communication Between State and Local Disaster Responders Bill Passed - House (136 - 1)
Aug. 19, 2025 MI HB 4047 Authorizes Civil Action Against Certain AI Deepfakes in Michigan Concurrence Vote Passed - House (97 - 5)
July 30, 2025 NC SB 245 Expands Remote Drivers License Renewal Services Bill Passed - House (109 - 7)
July 17, 2025 National HR 3633 Digital Asset Market Clarity Act (CLARITY Act) Bill Passed - House (294 - 134)
July 15, 2025 National HR 1717 Communications Security Act Bill Passed - House (380 - 33)
July 14, 2025 National HR 1709 Understanding Cybersecurity of Mobile Networks Act Bill Passed - House (360 - 10)
July 14, 2025 National HR 1770 Consumer Safety Technology Act Bill Passed - House (336 - 36)
June 30, 2025 NJ A 4085 Authorizes Natural Organic Reduction and Controlled Supervised Decomposition of Human Remains Concurrence Vote Passed - House (79 - 1)
June 27, 2025 CA SB 142 Appropriates Funding for the State Deaf and Disabled Telecommunications Program Bill Passed - House (72 - 1)
June 26, 2025 PA SB 649 Establishes a Criminal Offense for Digital Forgery Bill Passed - House (199 - 3)
June 25, 2025 ME LD 109 Requires the Maine Arts Commission to Study Federal and National Efforts to Protect Artists From Copyright Infringement by Artificial Intelligence Concurrence Vote Passed - House (75 - 64)
June 23, 2025 PA HB 811 Establishes Civil Liability and Requires Disclosure for the Use of Deepfake Content in Campaign Advertisements Bill Passed - House (203 - 0)
June 13, 2025 OR HB 2748 Prohibits Artificial Intelligence Programs From Posing as a Nurse Concurrence Vote Passed - House (39 - 1)
June 12, 2025 NY S 6953 Requires Artificial Intelligence Developers to Implement a Safety and Security Protocol Before Deploying a Frontier Model Bill Passed - House (119 - 22)
June 10, 2025 NY S 7882 Prohibits the Use of Algorithmic Software to Set Rent Prices Bill Passed - House (95 - 51)
June 9, 2025 LA HB 519 Prohibits Holding a Cell Phone While Driving Concurrence Vote Passed - House (94 - 1)
June 4, 2025 ME LD 536 Establishes Net Neutrality for Internet Customers "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (79 - 66)
June 2, 2025 CA AB 1018 Requires Testing Before Use of Automated Systems that Make Consequential Decisions About Employment, Education, Housing, Healthcare, Financial Services, and Parts of the Criminal Justice System Bill Passed - House (50 - 16)
June 2, 2025 CA AB 1064 Prohibits Individuals or Businesses from Providing "Companion Chatbots" Bill Passed - House (59 - 12)
May 31, 2025 TX SB 441 Classifies the Creation of Intimate Deep Fake Media That Involves a Minor as a Felony Conference Report Adopted - House (90 - 33)
May 31, 2025 NV SB 128 Prohibits Health Insurers from Using or Relying on Artificial Intelligence to Deny a Request for Prior Authorization Bill Passed - House (23 - 16)
May 30, 2025 IL HB 1859 Prohibits the Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) As an Instructional Tool Concurrence Vote Passed - House (93 - 22)
May 30, 2025 IL SB 1797 Establishes Regulations to Reduce Cryptocurrency Fraud Bill Passed - House (76 - 38)
May 28, 2025 TX HB 449 Establishes Criminal Penalties for Producing or Distributing Sexually Explicit Deep Fake Media Concurrence Vote Passed - House (134 - 1)
May 28, 2025 TX HB 581 Requires Age Verification for Websites That Contain Artificially Created Sexual Material Concurrence Vote Passed - House (133 - 1)
May 28, 2025 TX HB 2818 Establishes the Artificial Intelligence Division Within the Department of Information Resources Concurrence Vote Passed - House (105 - 32)
May 28, 2025 TX HB 3512 Requires Artificial Intelligence Training for All State Employees Concurrence Vote Passed - House (119 - 18)
May 28, 2025 TX SB 1964 Requires Public Records of All Government Artificial Intelligence Systems Bill Passed - House (104 - 6)
May 28, 2025 TX SB 614 Authorizes the Texas Forensic Science Commission to Review and Refer Certain Cases to the Office of Capital and Forensic Writs Bill Passed - House (128 - 12)
May 25, 2025 TX SB 261 Prohibits Lab Grown Meat Bill Passed - House (99 - 36)
May 23, 2025 TX SB 1188 Authorizes Health Care Practitioners to Use Artificial Intelligence for Diagnostic Purposes, and Requires All Medical Records to Include a Patient's Biological Sex Bill Passed - House (86 - 49)
May 22, 2025 NJ A 5466 Requires the Board of Public Utilities to Carry out a Study on the Effect of Electricity Usage by Data Centers on Electricity Costs in the State Bill Passed - House (75 - 2)
Date No. Title Outcome
10/08 HB 170 Establishes a Clearer Regulatory Framework for Carbon Capture and Sequestration Across the State Bill Passed - House (93 - 4)
10/01 HB 997 Requires Companies That Collect Personal Data to Take Steps to Protect it From Hacking Bill Passed - House (112 - 91)
10/01 HB 78 Expands Protections for Consumer Data and Requires Information Sharing About Data Use Bill Passed - House (127 - 76)
9/16 HB 4719 Authorizes Civil Fines in Addition to Criminal Penalties to Deter Fraud Bill Passed - House (102 - 1)
9/16 HB 4716 Authorizes a Wider Range of Offenses to Allow Increased Punishment for Fraud Offenders Bill Passed - House (101 - 2)
9/12 SB 53 Requires Artificial Intelligence Companies to Publish and Adhere to Safety Guidelines in Order to Mitigate Catastrophic Risks Associated with AI Bill Passed - House (59 - 7)
9/11 AB 566 Authorizes Online Users to Opt-Out of Sale Browsing Data Concurrence Vote Passed - House (57 - 3)
9/11 AB 1064 Prohibits Individuals or Businesses from Providing "Companion Chatbots" Concurrence Vote Passed - House (60 - 8)
9/11 SB 7 Requires Employers to Give Workers 30 Days Notice Before They Use AI to Make Decisions Related to Employment Bill Passed - House (45 - 17)
9/10 SB 243 Requires the Operator of an Artificial Intelligence Chatbot to Disclose that the Chatbot is Artificial Intelligence to Any User that is a Minor and to Maintain a Protocol for Preventing the Production of Suicidal Ideation, Suicide, or Self-Harm Content Bill Passed - House (59 - 1)
9/09 SB 464 Establishes Rules Regarding Employer Pay Data Bill Passed - House (64 - 7)
9/09 HB 4602 Prohibits the Secretary of State From Restricting Local Election Clerks From Using Any Lawful Source for Testing Voting Machines Bill Passed - House (63 - 41)
9/08 AB 489 Prohibits Entities that Use Artificial Intelligence from Using Specified Terms, Letters, or Phrases that would Falsely Indicate or Imply Possession of a License or Certificate to Practice a Health Care Profession Concurrence Vote Passed - House (79 - 0)
9/08 SB 524 Establishes Restrictions on the Use of Artificial Intelligence by Law Enforcement Agencies Bill Passed - House (50 - 17)
9/04 SB 576 Prohibits Video Streaming Services from Transmitting the Audio of the Commercial Advertisements Louder than the Video Being Played Bill Passed - House (71 - 0)
9/04 HB 4517 Amends and Modifies the Amber Alert Activation Criteria and Distribution Processes Bill Passed - House (104 - 1)
9/04 HB 4518 Expands Activation Requirements Under the Michigan Amber Alert Act Bill Passed - House (104 - 1)
8/21 HB 22 (2nd Special Session) Authorizes the State Comptroller to Provide Funds to Local Governments for Emergency Communication Equipment Bill Passed - House (136 - 1)
8/21 HB 3 (2nd Special Session) Establishes the Texas Interoperability Council to Improve Communication Between State and Local Disaster Responders Bill Passed - House (136 - 1)
8/19 HB 4047 Authorizes Civil Action Against Certain AI Deepfakes in Michigan Concurrence Vote Passed - House (97 - 5)
7/30 SB 245 Expands Remote Drivers License Renewal Services Bill Passed - House (109 - 7)
7/17 HR 3633 Digital Asset Market Clarity Act (CLARITY Act) Bill Passed - House (294 - 134)
7/15 HR 1717 Communications Security Act Bill Passed - House (380 - 33)
7/14 HR 1709 Understanding Cybersecurity of Mobile Networks Act Bill Passed - House (360 - 10)
7/14 HR 1770 Consumer Safety Technology Act Bill Passed - House (336 - 36)
6/30 A 4085 Authorizes Natural Organic Reduction and Controlled Supervised Decomposition of Human Remains Concurrence Vote Passed - House (79 - 1)
6/27 SB 142 Appropriates Funding for the State Deaf and Disabled Telecommunications Program Bill Passed - House (72 - 1)
6/26 SB 649 Establishes a Criminal Offense for Digital Forgery Bill Passed - House (199 - 3)
6/25 LD 109 Requires the Maine Arts Commission to Study Federal and National Efforts to Protect Artists From Copyright Infringement by Artificial Intelligence Concurrence Vote Passed - House (75 - 64)
6/23 HB 811 Establishes Civil Liability and Requires Disclosure for the Use of Deepfake Content in Campaign Advertisements Bill Passed - House (203 - 0)
6/13 HB 2748 Prohibits Artificial Intelligence Programs From Posing as a Nurse Concurrence Vote Passed - House (39 - 1)
6/12 S 6953 Requires Artificial Intelligence Developers to Implement a Safety and Security Protocol Before Deploying a Frontier Model Bill Passed - House (119 - 22)
6/10 S 7882 Prohibits the Use of Algorithmic Software to Set Rent Prices Bill Passed - House (95 - 51)
6/09 HB 519 Prohibits Holding a Cell Phone While Driving Concurrence Vote Passed - House (94 - 1)
6/04 LD 536 Establishes Net Neutrality for Internet Customers "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (79 - 66)
6/02 AB 1018 Requires Testing Before Use of Automated Systems that Make Consequential Decisions About Employment, Education, Housing, Healthcare, Financial Services, and Parts of the Criminal Justice System Bill Passed - House (50 - 16)
6/02 AB 1064 Prohibits Individuals or Businesses from Providing "Companion Chatbots" Bill Passed - House (59 - 12)
5/31 SB 441 Classifies the Creation of Intimate Deep Fake Media That Involves a Minor as a Felony Conference Report Adopted - House (90 - 33)
5/31 SB 128 Prohibits Health Insurers from Using or Relying on Artificial Intelligence to Deny a Request for Prior Authorization Bill Passed - House (23 - 16)
5/30 HB 1859 Prohibits the Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) As an Instructional Tool Concurrence Vote Passed - House (93 - 22)
5/30 SB 1797 Establishes Regulations to Reduce Cryptocurrency Fraud Bill Passed - House (76 - 38)
5/28 HB 449 Establishes Criminal Penalties for Producing or Distributing Sexually Explicit Deep Fake Media Concurrence Vote Passed - House (134 - 1)
5/28 HB 581 Requires Age Verification for Websites That Contain Artificially Created Sexual Material Concurrence Vote Passed - House (133 - 1)
5/28 HB 2818 Establishes the Artificial Intelligence Division Within the Department of Information Resources Concurrence Vote Passed - House (105 - 32)
5/28 HB 3512 Requires Artificial Intelligence Training for All State Employees Concurrence Vote Passed - House (119 - 18)
5/28 SB 1964 Requires Public Records of All Government Artificial Intelligence Systems Bill Passed - House (104 - 6)
5/28 SB 614 Authorizes the Texas Forensic Science Commission to Review and Refer Certain Cases to the Office of Capital and Forensic Writs Bill Passed - House (128 - 12)
5/25 SB 261 Prohibits Lab Grown Meat Bill Passed - House (99 - 36)
5/23 SB 1188 Authorizes Health Care Practitioners to Use Artificial Intelligence for Diagnostic Purposes, and Requires All Medical Records to Include a Patient's Biological Sex Bill Passed - House (86 - 49)
5/22 A 5466 Requires the Board of Public Utilities to Carry out a Study on the Effect of Electricity Usage by Data Centers on Electricity Costs in the State Bill Passed - House (75 - 2)
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