Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
April 2, 2025 VA HB 1977 Prohibits Weapons in Hospitals that Provide Mental Health Care Veto Override Failed - House (50 - 46)
April 2, 2025 GA HB 136 Expands Georgia's Child Care Tax Credit to Allow Parents to Claim 50% of Their Expenses for Child Care Concurrence Vote Passed - House (163 - 4)
April 2, 2025 ND HB 1470 Increases the Price for Hunting and Fishing Licenses Bill Passed - Senate (43 - 3)
April 2, 2025 ND HB 1470 Increases the Price for Hunting and Fishing Licenses Bill Passed - Senate (43 - 3)
April 2, 2025 GA SB 36 Prohibits State and Local Governments from "Substantially Burdening" an Individual's Religious Freedom Bill Passed - House (96 - 70)
April 2, 2025 CO SB 25-062 Prohibits Failure to Appear in Court from Being Charged as a Separate Crime Bill Passed - House (40 - 21)
April 2, 2025 GA SB 36 Prohibits State and Local Governments from "Substantially Burdening" an Individual's Religious Freedom Bill Passed - House (96 - 70)
April 2, 2025 National PN 12-11 Nomination of Harmeet Dhillon to be an Assistant Attorney General Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 45)
April 2, 2025 PA SB 475 Establishes Reforms Intended to Modernize and Strengthen Pennsylvania's Problem Solving Courts Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
April 2, 2025 AR SB 544 Prohibits Pharmacy Benefit Managers (PBMs) from Owning Pharmacies and Selling Drugs on Retail Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 6)
April 2, 2025 AR SB 486 Prohibits Individuals from Entering Restrooms, Changing Rooms and Sleeping Quarters Designated for the Opposite Sex Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 5)
April 2, 2025 NY A 6869 Prohibits Discriminatory Practices by Real Estate Appraisers Bill Passed - House (146 - 2)
April 2, 2025 TX SB 942 Requires Retroactive Child Support from Conception Date Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 6)
April 2, 2025 TX SB 942 Requires Retroactive Child Support from Conception Date Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 6)
April 1, 2025 AL SB 40 Authorizes Firearm Hold Agreements Bill Passed - House (93 - 1)
April 1, 2025 ID H 135 Prohibits Unauthorized Immigrants From Accessing Publicly Funded Assistance Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 9)
April 1, 2025 TX SB 16 Requires Proof of Citizenship to Register to Vote Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 11)
April 1, 2025 TX SB 965 Authorizes Teachers the Right to Pray While Working in Texas Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 11)
April 1, 2025 TX SB 8 Requires Local Law Enforcement Assist the Federal Government in Deportation Efforts Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 5)
April 1, 2025 AR SB 450 Requires the Department of Education to Include a Human Fetal Growth and Development Discussion in the Relevant Standards During the Arkansas Academic Standards Revision Cycle Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 6)
April 1, 2025 RI S 280 Increases the 7-Day Waiting Period Exemption for Concealable Firearms to Include the Rhode Island Capitol Police Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 5)
March 31, 2025 GA SB 1 Prohibits Transgender Girls from Playing on Female Sports Teams Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (34 - 20)
March 31, 2025 GA SB 1 Prohibits Transgender Girls from Playing on Female Sports Teams Bill Passed - House (100 - 64)
March 31, 2025 WA SB 5106 Establishes Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha as State-Recognized Holidays Bill Passed - House (68 - 29)
March 31, 2025 OR SB 855 Requires the Oregon Racing Commission to Establish Civil Penalties for Failure to Comply With Laws and Rules of Racing Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 6)
March 31, 2025 PA SB 490 Prohibits Monetary Bail Release for Individuals With Prior Violent Offenses Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 17)
March 31, 2025 OR SB 1098 Prohibits Schools and Library districts from Removing Books with Stories about Religion, Disability, LGBTQ+ Issues, or Other Characteristics of a Protected Class Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 10)
March 31, 2025 CO SB 25-001 Establishes Protections for Voters in a Protected Class and Authorizes the Filing of Civil Suits for Discrimination Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 12)
March 31, 2025 OR HB 2978 Establishes an Advisory Group under the Oregon Department of Transportation and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife to Guide the Development of Critical Wildlife Crossings Bill Passed - House (53 - 3)
March 31, 2025 OR SB 854 Authorizes the Oregon Racing Commission to Impose Civil Penalties for Unauthorized Wagers on Animal Racing Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 7)
March 31, 2025 OR SB 854 Authorizes the Oregon Racing Commission to Impose Civil Penalties for Unauthorized Wagers on Animal Racing Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 7)
March 28, 2025 CO SB 25-003 Prohibits the Manufacture, Distribution, Transfer, Sale, or Purchase of Specified Semiautomatic Firearms Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (19 - 15)
March 28, 2025 CO HB 25-1238 Establishes Various New Rules for Gun and Firearm Shows Concurrence Vote Passed - House (35 - 28)
March 28, 2025 ID H 96 Prohibits Government Entities from Displaying Certain Flags Concurrence Vote Passed - House (54 - 13)
March 28, 2025 CO HB 25-1133 Requires Individuals Delivering Ammunition to Confirm Age of Purchaser Concurrence Vote Passed - House (38 - 25)
March 28, 2025 KY SB 9 Requires School Districts to Provide Teachers Up to 30 Days of Paid Maternity Leave Bill Passed - House (90 - 9)
March 28, 2025 ND HB 1231 Authorizes Low-Risk Sex Offenders to Ask the Court to Remove Them from the State Registry Early Bill Passed - Senate (43 - 3)
March 28, 2025 KY SJR 55 Requires Kentucky Colleges and Universities to Adopt Policies for Combating Antisemitism Joint Resolution Passed - House (75 - 6)
March 28, 2025 AK SB 43 Establishes March as Women's History Month Bill Passed - House (33 - 2)
March 28, 2025 CO HB 25-1005 Establishes a $34 Million Filming Tax Credit Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 5)
March 27, 2025 KY HB 495 Repeals and Overturns the Governors Executive Order that Prohibited the Practice of Conversion Therapy Veto Override Passed - House (78 - 20)
March 27, 2025 KY HB 90 Establishes Free-Standing Birthing Centers Veto Override Passed - Senate (31 - 7)
March 27, 2025 KY HB 495 Repeals and Overturns the Governors Executive Order that Prohibited the Practice of Conversion Therapy Veto Override Passed - Senate (31 - 6)
March 27, 2025 KY HB 90 Establishes Free-Standing Birthing Centers Veto Override Passed - House (77 - 20)
March 27, 2025 KY HB 399 Establishes Criminal Penalties for Interfering with a Legislative Proceeding Veto Override Passed - Senate (31 - 7)
March 27, 2025 KY HB 399 Establishes Criminal Penalties for Interfering with a Legislative Proceeding Veto Override Passed - Senate (31 - 7)
March 27, 2025 KY SB 245 Authorizes Fish and Wildlife Resources Commission Appointments Veto Override Passed - House (77 - 15)
March 27, 2025 KY HB 399 Establishes Criminal Penalties for Interfering with a Legislative Proceeding Veto Override Passed - House (69 - 28)
March 27, 2025 KY HB 399 Establishes Criminal Penalties for Interfering with a Legislative Proceeding Veto Override Passed - House (69 - 28)
March 27, 2025 KY SB 245 Authorizes Fish and Wildlife Resources Commission Appointments Veto Override Passed - Senate (32 - 6)
March 27, 2025 KS HB 2056 Requires Specific Intent as an Element of the Crime of False Representation of an Election Official Conference Report Adopted - Senate (34 - 6)
March 27, 2025 KS HB 2056 Requires Specific Intent as an Element of the Crime of False Representation of an Election Official Conference Report Adopted - House (88 - 37)
March 27, 2025 KS HB 2028 Authorizes Reduced and Discounted Hunting and Fishing Licenses for Individuals 65 and Older Conference Report Adopted - House (65 - 59)
March 27, 2025 KS HB 2028 Authorizes Reduced and Discounted Hunting and Fishing Licenses for Individuals 65 and Older Conference Report Adopted - House (65 - 59)
March 27, 2025 GA HB 428 Amends the Official Code of Georgia to Codify Access to In Vitro Fertilization Bill Passed - Senate (53 - 1)
March 27, 2025 WA SB 5128 Amends Medical Services for Individuals in Juvenile Detention Facilities Bill Passed - House (90 - 3)
March 27, 2025 KS HB 2164 Authorizes Individuals Who Are 20 Years of Age or Older to Apply for Certification as a Police Officer Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 4)
March 27, 2025 MO HB 1175 Establishes the Second Amendment Preservation Act Bill Passed - House (100 - 51)
March 27, 2025 OK HB 2673 Authorizes the Oklahoma Museum of Popular Culture to Count Pledges and Other Donations Toward Their Revolving Fund Bill Passed - House (75 - 14)
March 27, 2025 OK SB 870 Increases Accountability and Reporting Mechanisms for Incidents of Sexual Abuse or Exploitation of Juveniles in State-Run Facilities Bill Passed - Senate (46 - 0)
March 27, 2025 OK HB 1101 Establishes a Voter Referendum to Authorize Sports Betting Bill Passed - House (66 - 29)
March 26, 2025 KS SB 44 Prohibits and Defines Antisemitism Into State Statute Conference Report Adopted - House (102 - 21)
March 26, 2025 KS SB 44 Prohibits and Defines Antisemitism Into State Statute Conference Report Adopted - Senate (39 - 1)
March 26, 2025 KS SB 227 Increases the Tax Credit for the Redevelopment of Historic Structures Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 9)
March 26, 2025 National PN 12-37 Nomination of Aaron Reitz to be an Assistant Attorney General Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 46)
March 26, 2025 ID H 96 Prohibits Government Entities from Displaying Certain Flags Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 11)
March 26, 2025 IA SF 22 Prohibits Cellphones While Driving Unless in Hands-Free or Voice-Activated Mode Bill Passed - House (84 - 11)
March 26, 2025 CO HB 25-1109 Requires that Death Certificates Issued in Colorado Must Report a Decedent's Gender Identity Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 12)
March 26, 2025 National PN 12-37 Nomination of Aaron Reitz to be an Assistant Attorney General Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 45)
March 26, 2025 IA HF 946 Requires the Attorney General to Investigate Any Law Enforcement Officer Who Intentionally Fails to Comply With the Requirements of State Immigration Law Bill Passed - House (61 - 35)
March 26, 2025 IA HF 946 Requires the Attorney General to Investigate Any Law Enforcement Officer Who Intentionally Fails to Comply With the Requirements of State Immigration Law Bill Passed - House (61 - 35)
March 26, 2025 CO SB 25-071 Prohibits Pharmaceutical Companies from Restricting Hospitals' Use of the Federal 340B Prescription Drug Discount Program Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 4)
March 26, 2025 OK HB 1047 Authorizes Sports Betting Bill Passed - House (62 - 31)
March 26, 2025 FL HB 759 Authorizes 18-Year-Olds to Purchase Long Guns Bill Passed - House (78 - 34)
March 26, 2025 IA HF 884 Authorizes Employment of School Chaplains Bill Passed - House (57 - 39)
Date No. Title Outcome
4/02 HB 1977 Prohibits Weapons in Hospitals that Provide Mental Health Care Veto Override Failed - House (50 - 46)
4/02 HB 136 Expands Georgia's Child Care Tax Credit to Allow Parents to Claim 50% of Their Expenses for Child Care Concurrence Vote Passed - House (163 - 4)
4/02 HB 1470 Increases the Price for Hunting and Fishing Licenses Bill Passed - Senate (43 - 3)
4/02 HB 1470 Increases the Price for Hunting and Fishing Licenses Bill Passed - Senate (43 - 3)
4/02 SB 36 Prohibits State and Local Governments from "Substantially Burdening" an Individual's Religious Freedom Bill Passed - House (96 - 70)
4/02 SB 25-062 Prohibits Failure to Appear in Court from Being Charged as a Separate Crime Bill Passed - House (40 - 21)
4/02 SB 36 Prohibits State and Local Governments from "Substantially Burdening" an Individual's Religious Freedom Bill Passed - House (96 - 70)
4/02 PN 12-11 Nomination of Harmeet Dhillon to be an Assistant Attorney General Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 45)
4/02 SB 475 Establishes Reforms Intended to Modernize and Strengthen Pennsylvania's Problem Solving Courts Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
4/02 SB 544 Prohibits Pharmacy Benefit Managers (PBMs) from Owning Pharmacies and Selling Drugs on Retail Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 6)
4/02 SB 486 Prohibits Individuals from Entering Restrooms, Changing Rooms and Sleeping Quarters Designated for the Opposite Sex Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 5)
4/02 A 6869 Prohibits Discriminatory Practices by Real Estate Appraisers Bill Passed - House (146 - 2)
4/02 SB 942 Requires Retroactive Child Support from Conception Date Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 6)
4/02 SB 942 Requires Retroactive Child Support from Conception Date Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 6)
4/01 SB 40 Authorizes Firearm Hold Agreements Bill Passed - House (93 - 1)
4/01 H 135 Prohibits Unauthorized Immigrants From Accessing Publicly Funded Assistance Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 9)
4/01 SB 16 Requires Proof of Citizenship to Register to Vote Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 11)
4/01 SB 965 Authorizes Teachers the Right to Pray While Working in Texas Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 11)
4/01 SB 8 Requires Local Law Enforcement Assist the Federal Government in Deportation Efforts Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 5)
4/01 SB 450 Requires the Department of Education to Include a Human Fetal Growth and Development Discussion in the Relevant Standards During the Arkansas Academic Standards Revision Cycle Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 6)
4/01 S 280 Increases the 7-Day Waiting Period Exemption for Concealable Firearms to Include the Rhode Island Capitol Police Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 5)
3/31 SB 1 Prohibits Transgender Girls from Playing on Female Sports Teams Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (34 - 20)
3/31 SB 1 Prohibits Transgender Girls from Playing on Female Sports Teams Bill Passed - House (100 - 64)
3/31 SB 5106 Establishes Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha as State-Recognized Holidays Bill Passed - House (68 - 29)
3/31 SB 855 Requires the Oregon Racing Commission to Establish Civil Penalties for Failure to Comply With Laws and Rules of Racing Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 6)
3/31 SB 490 Prohibits Monetary Bail Release for Individuals With Prior Violent Offenses Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 17)
3/31 SB 1098 Prohibits Schools and Library districts from Removing Books with Stories about Religion, Disability, LGBTQ+ Issues, or Other Characteristics of a Protected Class Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 10)
3/31 SB 25-001 Establishes Protections for Voters in a Protected Class and Authorizes the Filing of Civil Suits for Discrimination Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 12)
3/31 HB 2978 Establishes an Advisory Group under the Oregon Department of Transportation and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife to Guide the Development of Critical Wildlife Crossings Bill Passed - House (53 - 3)
3/31 SB 854 Authorizes the Oregon Racing Commission to Impose Civil Penalties for Unauthorized Wagers on Animal Racing Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 7)
3/31 SB 854 Authorizes the Oregon Racing Commission to Impose Civil Penalties for Unauthorized Wagers on Animal Racing Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 7)
3/28 SB 25-003 Prohibits the Manufacture, Distribution, Transfer, Sale, or Purchase of Specified Semiautomatic Firearms Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (19 - 15)
3/28 HB 25-1238 Establishes Various New Rules for Gun and Firearm Shows Concurrence Vote Passed - House (35 - 28)
3/28 H 96 Prohibits Government Entities from Displaying Certain Flags Concurrence Vote Passed - House (54 - 13)
3/28 HB 25-1133 Requires Individuals Delivering Ammunition to Confirm Age of Purchaser Concurrence Vote Passed - House (38 - 25)
3/28 SB 9 Requires School Districts to Provide Teachers Up to 30 Days of Paid Maternity Leave Bill Passed - House (90 - 9)
3/28 HB 1231 Authorizes Low-Risk Sex Offenders to Ask the Court to Remove Them from the State Registry Early Bill Passed - Senate (43 - 3)
3/28 SJR 55 Requires Kentucky Colleges and Universities to Adopt Policies for Combating Antisemitism Joint Resolution Passed - House (75 - 6)
3/28 SB 43 Establishes March as Women's History Month Bill Passed - House (33 - 2)
3/28 HB 25-1005 Establishes a $34 Million Filming Tax Credit Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 5)
3/27 HB 495 Repeals and Overturns the Governors Executive Order that Prohibited the Practice of Conversion Therapy Veto Override Passed - House (78 - 20)
3/27 HB 90 Establishes Free-Standing Birthing Centers Veto Override Passed - Senate (31 - 7)
3/27 HB 495 Repeals and Overturns the Governors Executive Order that Prohibited the Practice of Conversion Therapy Veto Override Passed - Senate (31 - 6)
3/27 HB 90 Establishes Free-Standing Birthing Centers Veto Override Passed - House (77 - 20)
3/27 HB 399 Establishes Criminal Penalties for Interfering with a Legislative Proceeding Veto Override Passed - Senate (31 - 7)
3/27 HB 399 Establishes Criminal Penalties for Interfering with a Legislative Proceeding Veto Override Passed - Senate (31 - 7)
3/27 SB 245 Authorizes Fish and Wildlife Resources Commission Appointments Veto Override Passed - House (77 - 15)
3/27 HB 399 Establishes Criminal Penalties for Interfering with a Legislative Proceeding Veto Override Passed - House (69 - 28)
3/27 HB 399 Establishes Criminal Penalties for Interfering with a Legislative Proceeding Veto Override Passed - House (69 - 28)
3/27 SB 245 Authorizes Fish and Wildlife Resources Commission Appointments Veto Override Passed - Senate (32 - 6)
3/27 HB 2056 Requires Specific Intent as an Element of the Crime of False Representation of an Election Official Conference Report Adopted - Senate (34 - 6)
3/27 HB 2056 Requires Specific Intent as an Element of the Crime of False Representation of an Election Official Conference Report Adopted - House (88 - 37)
3/27 HB 2028 Authorizes Reduced and Discounted Hunting and Fishing Licenses for Individuals 65 and Older Conference Report Adopted - House (65 - 59)
3/27 HB 2028 Authorizes Reduced and Discounted Hunting and Fishing Licenses for Individuals 65 and Older Conference Report Adopted - House (65 - 59)
3/27 HB 428 Amends the Official Code of Georgia to Codify Access to In Vitro Fertilization Bill Passed - Senate (53 - 1)
3/27 SB 5128 Amends Medical Services for Individuals in Juvenile Detention Facilities Bill Passed - House (90 - 3)
3/27 HB 2164 Authorizes Individuals Who Are 20 Years of Age or Older to Apply for Certification as a Police Officer Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 4)
3/27 HB 1175 Establishes the Second Amendment Preservation Act Bill Passed - House (100 - 51)
3/27 HB 2673 Authorizes the Oklahoma Museum of Popular Culture to Count Pledges and Other Donations Toward Their Revolving Fund Bill Passed - House (75 - 14)
3/27 SB 870 Increases Accountability and Reporting Mechanisms for Incidents of Sexual Abuse or Exploitation of Juveniles in State-Run Facilities Bill Passed - Senate (46 - 0)
3/27 HB 1101 Establishes a Voter Referendum to Authorize Sports Betting Bill Passed - House (66 - 29)
3/26 SB 44 Prohibits and Defines Antisemitism Into State Statute Conference Report Adopted - House (102 - 21)
3/26 SB 44 Prohibits and Defines Antisemitism Into State Statute Conference Report Adopted - Senate (39 - 1)
3/26 SB 227 Increases the Tax Credit for the Redevelopment of Historic Structures Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 9)
3/26 PN 12-37 Nomination of Aaron Reitz to be an Assistant Attorney General Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 46)
3/26 H 96 Prohibits Government Entities from Displaying Certain Flags Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 11)
3/26 SF 22 Prohibits Cellphones While Driving Unless in Hands-Free or Voice-Activated Mode Bill Passed - House (84 - 11)
3/26 HB 25-1109 Requires that Death Certificates Issued in Colorado Must Report a Decedent's Gender Identity Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 12)
3/26 PN 12-37 Nomination of Aaron Reitz to be an Assistant Attorney General Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 45)
3/26 HF 946 Requires the Attorney General to Investigate Any Law Enforcement Officer Who Intentionally Fails to Comply With the Requirements of State Immigration Law Bill Passed - House (61 - 35)
3/26 HF 946 Requires the Attorney General to Investigate Any Law Enforcement Officer Who Intentionally Fails to Comply With the Requirements of State Immigration Law Bill Passed - House (61 - 35)
3/26 SB 25-071 Prohibits Pharmaceutical Companies from Restricting Hospitals' Use of the Federal 340B Prescription Drug Discount Program Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 4)
3/26 HB 1047 Authorizes Sports Betting Bill Passed - House (62 - 31)
3/26 HB 759 Authorizes 18-Year-Olds to Purchase Long Guns Bill Passed - House (78 - 34)
3/26 HF 884 Authorizes Employment of School Chaplains Bill Passed - House (57 - 39)

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