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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Feb. 18, 2026 KS SB 413 Prohibits Attorneys From Suggesting Dollar Amounts for Noneconomic Damages Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 11)
Feb. 12, 2026 National HR 7147 Making further consolidated appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2026, and for other purposes Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (52 - 47)
Feb. 12, 2026 VT S 209 Prohibits Civil Arrests in Sensitive Locations Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 2)
Feb. 11, 2026 VT S 208 Requires Law Enforcement to Identify Themselves Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 2)
Feb. 11, 2026 WI SB 276 Requires Attorney Fees to be Awarded to Those Who Successfully Challenge State Regulations Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 15)
Feb. 10, 2026 VA SB 115 Limits Recognition of Out-of-State Concealed Handgun Permits Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 19)
Feb. 9, 2026 VA SB 323 Prohibits Plastic and Unserialized Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 19)
Feb. 9, 2026 VA SB 352 Prohibits Law Enforcement From Wearing Face Coverings Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 19)
Feb. 9, 2026 VA SB 749 Prohibits the Import, Sale, and Possession of Assault Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 19)
Feb. 9, 2026 VA SB 272 Prohibits the Possession of a Firearm in Certain Public Buildings Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 19)
Feb. 5, 2026 AL HB 41 Authorizes the Death Penalty for Individuals Convicted of Certain Sex Crimes Against a Minor Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
Feb. 5, 2026 AL HB 41 Authorizes the Death Penalty for Individuals Convicted of Certain Sex Crimes Against a Minor Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
Feb. 4, 2026 NY S 496 Requires Employers to Inform Their Employees of Certain Parties with Whom They May Share Otherwise Protected Information Bill Passed - Senate (62 - 0)
Feb. 3, 2026 VA SB 351 Restricts Civil Arrests in Courthouses Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 18)
Jan. 29, 2026 WV SB 4 Requires Bystanders to Remain at Least 30 Feet Away From First Responders Following a Verbal Warning Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 2)
Jan. 28, 2026 WA SB 5855 Prohibits Local, State, and Federal Law Enforcement From Wearing Face Coverings Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
Jan. 27, 2026 CA SB 747 Authorizes Individuals to File Lawsuits Against Any Federal, State, or Local Official Who Violates Their Constitutional Rights Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 10)
Jan. 27, 2026 CA SB 747 Authorizes Individuals to File Lawsuits Against Any Federal, State, or Local Official Who Violates Their Constitutional Rights Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 10)
Jan. 27, 2026 IN SB 91 Establishes Additional Regulations on Indiana's County Needle Exchange Programs Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 13)
Jan. 16, 2026 VA HJ 2 Establishes a Constitutional Amendment that Restores Felon Voting Rights Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 18)
Jan. 15, 2026 National HR 6938 Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026 Bill Passed - Senate (82 - 15)
Jan. 15, 2026 National HR 6938 Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026 Cloture Invoked - Senate (85 - 14)
Jan. 13, 2026 GA SB 204 Prohibits Local Regulation on Gun Storage for Legal Gun Owners Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 21)
Jan. 13, 2026 GA SB 204 Prohibits Local Regulation on Gun Storage for Legal Gun Owners Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 21)
Jan. 12, 2026 National HR 6938 Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026 Cloture Invoked - Senate (80 - 13)
Jan. 6, 2026 National PN 373 Nomination of Sara Bailey to be Director of National Drug Control Policy Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 48)
Dec. 18, 2025 National PN 373 Nomination of Sara Bailey to be Director of National Drug Control Policy Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 42)
Nov. 19, 2025 PA HB 439 Prohibits Discrimination Based on Hair or Hairstyles Bill Passed - Senate (44 - 3)
Nov. 19, 2025 NV AB 4 Requires Detention Centers to Maintain Real-Time and Publicly Available Lists of Those who are Detained Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 2)
Nov. 19, 2025 NV AB 4 Requires Detention Centers to Maintain Real-Time and Publicly Available Lists of Those who are Detained Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 2)
Nov. 19, 2025 OH SB 273 Authorizes Firearm Owners to Store Firearms with a Federally Licensed Firearms Dealer or Law Enforcement Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 0)
Nov. 18, 2025 NV AB 6 Increases Fines for Traffic Violations in School Zones Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 0)
Nov. 18, 2025 WI AB 265 Establishes a Mandatory Minimum Sentence of 10 Years for Human Trafficking, and 15 Years if the Victim is a Child Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 15)
Nov. 18, 2025 WI SB 498 Expands State Requirements Relating to Freedom of Speech at University of Wisconsin System Institutions and Establishes Penalties Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 16)
Nov. 18, 2025 WI SB 394 Classifies Vandalism of Certain Monuments on Public Property as a Class I Felony Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 15)
Nov. 12, 2025 OH SB 295 Extends the Timeline for Restoring Mental Competency of Defendants in Murder Cases Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 0)
Nov. 12, 2025 OH SB 295 Extends the Timeline for Restoring Mental Competency of Defendants in Murder Cases Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 0)
Oct. 29, 2025 IL HB 1836 Establishes an Automatic System for the Sealing of Records for Certain Criminal Convictions Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 17)
Oct. 28, 2025 PA SB 111 Authorizes Out-of-State Residents to Work in Pennsylvania Correctional Facilities Bill Passed - Senate (50 - 0)
Oct. 28, 2025 National S J Res 81 A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared to impose duties on articles imported from Brazil. Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (52 - 48)
Oct. 22, 2025 PA SB 246 Requires Schools to Notify Families of Weapons Incidents Within 24 Hours Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (48 - 2)
Oct. 14, 2025 WI AB 168 Authorizes Felony Fraud Claims Related to Unemployment to be Prosecuted up to 8 Years After a Crime was Committed Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (18 - 15)
Oct. 8, 2025 OH SB 137 Requires Hospitals to Provide Overdose Reversal Drugs Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 0)
Oct. 8, 2025 OH SB 55 Establishes a Stricter Standard of Prosecution for Driving Under the Influence of Marijuana Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 0)
Oct. 7, 2025 PA HB 18 Establishes New Regulations Regarding Review Hearing for Incapacitated Individuals Bill Passed - Senate (47 - 1)
Oct. 1, 2025 OH HB 57 Authorizes K-12 Schools to Store and Use Opioid Reversal Drugs (Naloxone) and Amends Authorizations for Religious Release Time Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 4)
Sept. 23, 2025 SD SB 2 (Special Session) Authorizes the Department of Corrections to Construct a Prison Facility in Minnehaha County Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 11)
Sept. 22, 2025 NC HB 307 Amends Various Criminal Justice Regulations Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 8)
Sept. 22, 2025 NC HB 307 Amends Various Criminal Justice Regulations Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 8)
Sept. 18, 2025 MI SB 294 Increases Penalties and Authorizes Restitution in Animal Abuse Cases Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 4)
Date No. Title Outcome
2/18 SB 413 Prohibits Attorneys From Suggesting Dollar Amounts for Noneconomic Damages Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 11)
2/12 HR 7147 Making further consolidated appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2026, and for other purposes Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (52 - 47)
2/12 S 209 Prohibits Civil Arrests in Sensitive Locations Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 2)
2/11 S 208 Requires Law Enforcement to Identify Themselves Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 2)
2/11 SB 276 Requires Attorney Fees to be Awarded to Those Who Successfully Challenge State Regulations Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 15)
2/10 SB 115 Limits Recognition of Out-of-State Concealed Handgun Permits Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 19)
2/09 SB 323 Prohibits Plastic and Unserialized Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 19)
2/09 SB 352 Prohibits Law Enforcement From Wearing Face Coverings Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 19)
2/09 SB 749 Prohibits the Import, Sale, and Possession of Assault Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 19)
2/09 SB 272 Prohibits the Possession of a Firearm in Certain Public Buildings Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 19)
2/05 HB 41 Authorizes the Death Penalty for Individuals Convicted of Certain Sex Crimes Against a Minor Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
2/05 HB 41 Authorizes the Death Penalty for Individuals Convicted of Certain Sex Crimes Against a Minor Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
2/04 S 496 Requires Employers to Inform Their Employees of Certain Parties with Whom They May Share Otherwise Protected Information Bill Passed - Senate (62 - 0)
2/03 SB 351 Restricts Civil Arrests in Courthouses Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 18)
1/29 SB 4 Requires Bystanders to Remain at Least 30 Feet Away From First Responders Following a Verbal Warning Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 2)
1/28 SB 5855 Prohibits Local, State, and Federal Law Enforcement From Wearing Face Coverings Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
1/27 SB 747 Authorizes Individuals to File Lawsuits Against Any Federal, State, or Local Official Who Violates Their Constitutional Rights Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 10)
1/27 SB 747 Authorizes Individuals to File Lawsuits Against Any Federal, State, or Local Official Who Violates Their Constitutional Rights Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 10)
1/27 SB 91 Establishes Additional Regulations on Indiana's County Needle Exchange Programs Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 13)
1/16 HJ 2 Establishes a Constitutional Amendment that Restores Felon Voting Rights Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 18)
1/15 HR 6938 Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026 Bill Passed - Senate (82 - 15)
1/15 HR 6938 Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026 Cloture Invoked - Senate (85 - 14)
1/13 SB 204 Prohibits Local Regulation on Gun Storage for Legal Gun Owners Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 21)
1/13 SB 204 Prohibits Local Regulation on Gun Storage for Legal Gun Owners Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 21)
1/12 HR 6938 Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026 Cloture Invoked - Senate (80 - 13)
1/06 PN 373 Nomination of Sara Bailey to be Director of National Drug Control Policy Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 48)
12/18 PN 373 Nomination of Sara Bailey to be Director of National Drug Control Policy Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 42)
11/19 HB 439 Prohibits Discrimination Based on Hair or Hairstyles Bill Passed - Senate (44 - 3)
11/19 AB 4 Requires Detention Centers to Maintain Real-Time and Publicly Available Lists of Those who are Detained Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 2)
11/19 AB 4 Requires Detention Centers to Maintain Real-Time and Publicly Available Lists of Those who are Detained Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 2)
11/19 SB 273 Authorizes Firearm Owners to Store Firearms with a Federally Licensed Firearms Dealer or Law Enforcement Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 0)
11/18 AB 6 Increases Fines for Traffic Violations in School Zones Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 0)
11/18 AB 265 Establishes a Mandatory Minimum Sentence of 10 Years for Human Trafficking, and 15 Years if the Victim is a Child Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 15)
11/18 SB 498 Expands State Requirements Relating to Freedom of Speech at University of Wisconsin System Institutions and Establishes Penalties Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 16)
11/18 SB 394 Classifies Vandalism of Certain Monuments on Public Property as a Class I Felony Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 15)
11/12 SB 295 Extends the Timeline for Restoring Mental Competency of Defendants in Murder Cases Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 0)
11/12 SB 295 Extends the Timeline for Restoring Mental Competency of Defendants in Murder Cases Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 0)
10/29 HB 1836 Establishes an Automatic System for the Sealing of Records for Certain Criminal Convictions Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 17)
10/28 SB 111 Authorizes Out-of-State Residents to Work in Pennsylvania Correctional Facilities Bill Passed - Senate (50 - 0)
10/28 S J Res 81 A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared to impose duties on articles imported from Brazil. Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (52 - 48)
10/22 SB 246 Requires Schools to Notify Families of Weapons Incidents Within 24 Hours Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (48 - 2)
10/14 AB 168 Authorizes Felony Fraud Claims Related to Unemployment to be Prosecuted up to 8 Years After a Crime was Committed Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (18 - 15)
10/08 SB 137 Requires Hospitals to Provide Overdose Reversal Drugs Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 0)
10/08 SB 55 Establishes a Stricter Standard of Prosecution for Driving Under the Influence of Marijuana Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 0)
10/07 HB 18 Establishes New Regulations Regarding Review Hearing for Incapacitated Individuals Bill Passed - Senate (47 - 1)
10/01 HB 57 Authorizes K-12 Schools to Store and Use Opioid Reversal Drugs (Naloxone) and Amends Authorizations for Religious Release Time Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 4)
9/23 SB 2 (Special Session) Authorizes the Department of Corrections to Construct a Prison Facility in Minnehaha County Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 11)
9/22 HB 307 Amends Various Criminal Justice Regulations Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 8)
9/22 HB 307 Amends Various Criminal Justice Regulations Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 8)
9/18 SB 294 Increases Penalties and Authorizes Restitution in Animal Abuse Cases Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 4)
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