Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
March 26, 2025 KS SB 9 Limits and Restricts Foreign Land Ownership Around Military Bases and Prohibits the Purchase of Drones Manufactured in Certain Countries Conference Report Adopted - Senate (38 - 1)
March 26, 2025 KS SB 9 Limits and Restricts Foreign Land Ownership Around Military Bases and Prohibits the Purchase of Drones Manufactured in Certain Countries Conference Report Adopted - House (98 - 24)
March 26, 2025 National PN 12-37 Nomination of Aaron Reitz to be an Assistant Attorney General Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 46)
March 26, 2025 KS HB 2228 Requires that Political Subdivisions Hold an Open Meeting to Discuss a Contingency Fee Contract for Legal Services Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 12)
March 26, 2025 ID H 96 Prohibits Government Entities from Displaying Certain Flags Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 11)
March 26, 2025 IA SF 22 Prohibits Cellphones While Driving Unless in Hands-Free or Voice-Activated Mode Bill Passed - House (84 - 11)
March 26, 2025 National PN 12-37 Nomination of Aaron Reitz to be an Assistant Attorney General Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 45)
March 26, 2025 SC S 244 Amends Liability Rules, Damage Awards, and Insurance Requirements for Bars, Restaurants, and Nonprofit Organizations Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 7)
March 26, 2025 TX SB 990 Authorizes the Death Penalty for Individuals Convicted of Killing Children Aged 10-15 Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 5)
March 26, 2025 IA HF 639 Limits Carbon Sequestration Pipelines Ability to Use Eminent Domain Bill Passed - House (85 - 10)
March 26, 2025 IA HF 946 Requires the Attorney General to Investigate Any Law Enforcement Officer Who Intentionally Fails to Comply With the Requirements of State Immigration Law Bill Passed - House (61 - 35)
March 26, 2025 CO SB 25-071 Prohibits Pharmaceutical Companies from Restricting Hospitals' Use of the Federal 340B Prescription Drug Discount Program Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 4)
March 26, 2025 IA SF 394 Increases Pesticide Liability Immunity Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 21)
March 26, 2025 FL HB 6017 Repeals Previous Legislation that Prohibited Adult Children 25 or Older and Their Parents from Pursuing Medical Malpractice Claims Bill Passed - House (104 - 6)
March 26, 2025 FL HB 759 Authorizes 18-Year-Olds to Purchase Long Guns Bill Passed - House (78 - 34)
March 25, 2025 CO HB 25-1238 Establishes Various New Rules for Gun and Firearm Shows Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 13)
March 25, 2025 CO HB 25-1133 Requires Individuals Delivering Ammunition to Confirm Age of Purchaser Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 16)
March 25, 2025 CO SB 25-014 Repeals Colorado's Statutory Ban on Same-Sex Marriage Bill Passed - House (45 - 14)
March 25, 2025 KS HCR 5004 Amends Constitutional Citizenship Requirement for Voting Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (37 - 3)
March 25, 2025 OK HB 1217 Prohibits Public Drag Performances Bill Passed - House (79 - 17)
March 25, 2025 IA SF 473 Establishes Protections for Religious and Moral Beliefs of Foster and Adoptive Parents Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 14)
March 25, 2025 IA HF 924 Reduces the Minimum Age for Possessing and Carrying a Firearm from 21 to 18 Bill Passed - House (79 - 18)
March 24, 2025 KS HB 2109 Exempts Public Utilities from Civil Liability to the Attachment, Access, Operation, Maintenance or Removal of Law Enforcement Equipment Concurrence Vote Passed - House (78 - 44)
March 24, 2025 KS HB 2109 Exempts Public Utilities from Civil Liability to the Attachment, Access, Operation, Maintenance or Removal of Law Enforcement Equipment Concurrence Vote Passed - House (78 - 44)
March 24, 2025 KS HB 2052 Amends the Process for an Individual with a Provisional Concealed Carry License to Request a Standard License Concurrence Vote Passed - House (105 - 17)
March 24, 2025 NJ A 3540 Establishes Criminal Penalties for Production or Dissemination of Deceptive Audio or Visual Media (Deepfakes) Concurrence Vote Passed - House (64 - 13)
March 24, 2025 CO SB 25-003 Prohibits the Manufacture, Distribution, Transfer, Sale, or Purchase of Specified Semiautomatic Firearms Bill Passed - House (36 - 28)
March 24, 2025 IN HB 1393 Requires Law Enforcement to Report Arrestees for Suspected Illegal Immigration Status Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 10)
March 24, 2025 ID H 380 Authorizes the Death Penalty for Individuals Convicted of Sexual Abuse of a Minor Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 5)
March 24, 2025 ID H 270 Increases Indecent Exposure Penalties Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 6)
March 24, 2025 ID H 270 Increases Indecent Exposure Penalties Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 6)
March 24, 2025 ID H 380 Authorizes the Death Penalty for Individuals Convicted of Sexual Abuse of a Minor Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 5)
March 24, 2025 NJ S 1400 Establishes an Alternative Process for Handling Court Proceedings Regarding Inherited Property Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
March 24, 2025 WV SB 579 Prohibits Municipalities Participating in the Home Rule Program from Establishing Nondiscrimination Ordinances Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 8)
March 22, 2025 NM SB 122 Expands the Prescription Drug Donation Program Bill Passed - House (56 - 6)
March 21, 2025 GA SB 68 Establishes New Guidelines for Personal Injury Lawsuits Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (34 - 21)
March 21, 2025 GA SB 68 Establishes New Guidelines for Personal Injury Lawsuits Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (34 - 21)
March 21, 2025 NM HB 78 Prohibits Discrimination Against 340B Entities Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 14)
March 20, 2025 GA SB 68 Establishes New Guidelines for Personal Injury Lawsuits Bill Passed - House (91 - 82)
March 20, 2025 GA SB 68 Establishes New Guidelines for Personal Injury Lawsuits Bill Passed - House (91 - 82)
March 20, 2025 KS HB 2052 Amends the Process for an Individual with a Provisional Concealed Carry License to Request a Standard License Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 6)
March 20, 2025 KS HB 2109 Exempts Public Utilities from Civil Liability to the Attachment, Access, Operation, Maintenance or Removal of Law Enforcement Equipment Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 9)
March 20, 2025 KS HB 2109 Exempts Public Utilities from Civil Liability to the Attachment, Access, Operation, Maintenance or Removal of Law Enforcement Equipment Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 9)
March 20, 2025 KS SB 137 Authorizes the Sale or Transfer of Forfeited Firearms under the Kansas Standard Asset Seizure and Forfeiture Act to a Licensed Firearm Dealer Bill Passed - House (90 - 28)
March 20, 2025 NH HB 592 Requires that Individuals Charged a Serious Offense be Held Behind Bars Until Being Arraigned by a Court Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 0)
March 20, 2025 AL SB 252 Establishes New Regulations on Reimbursements and Fees Pharmacy Benefit Managers Charge to Pharmacies Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 0)
March 20, 2025 MI HB 4116 Increases Penalties for Violators of Interest Rate Limits Bill Passed - House (83 - 21)
March 20, 2025 NC SB 50 Establishes State Constitutional Concealed Carry Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 18)
March 20, 2025 MI HB 4115 Increases Pawn Shop Interest Rates Bill Passed - House (83 - 21)
March 20, 2025 IA HF 864 Requires Pornography Websites and Other Online Distributors of Obscene Material to Implement "Reasonable" Age Verification Methods to Prevent Minors' Access. Bill Passed - House (88 - 1)
March 20, 2025 IA HF 572 Establishes the Criminal Offense of Human Smuggling Bill Passed - House (75 - 14)
March 19, 2025 KS HB 2338 Authorizes the Kansas Board of Cosmetology to Issue Temporary Location and Guest Artist Permits Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 2)
March 19, 2025 KS SB 67 Authorizes Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists to Prescribe and Administer Drugs Consistent with Registered Nurse Anesthetist's Education and Qualifications Bill Passed - House (118 - 5)
March 19, 2025 KS HB 2284 Establishes Written Policies to Govern Procurement of Managed Care Organizations Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 8)
March 19, 2025 KS SB 13 Reduces Requirements for Filings, Registrations, and Licenses Certain Organizations and Businesses Must Send to the Kansas Secretary of State Bill Passed - House (121 - 2)
March 19, 2025 KS SB 104 Establishes Additional Flexibility to the Shawnee County Board of County Commissioners to Make a Citizens Commission on Local Government Bill Passed - House (119 - 4)
March 19, 2025 KS HB 2291 Establishes a Regulatory Relief Division within the Attorney General's Office Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 9)
March 19, 2025 CO HB 25-1250 Requires Schools to Provide Gun Violence Prevention Materials to Parents at the Beginning of Each Academic Year and Also Post Them on Their Website Bill Passed - House (43 - 21)
March 19, 2025 IA SF 513 Prohibits Courts from Ordering Parties Involved in a Dissolution of a Marriage to Pay a Post-Secondary Education Subsidy for Dependents Bill Passed - Senate (43 - 4)
March 19, 2025 TX SB 412 Rescinds Exemptions for Educational, Medical, Psychological, and Psychiatric Professionals Who Commit Offenses Related to Material or Conduct that is Obscene or Harmful to Children Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 9)
March 18, 2025 AL SB 116 Prohibits the Use of Machine Gun Conversion Devices Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (24 - 2)
March 18, 2025 NM HB 10 Establishes a Law Enforcement Bureau in New Mexico to Regulate Cannabis Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 1)
March 18, 2025 NM HB 10 Establishes a Law Enforcement Bureau in New Mexico to Regulate Cannabis Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 1)
March 18, 2025 AL SB 156 Authorizes a Review for Individuals Sentenced to Life in Prison Under the State Habitual Offender Law Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 8)
March 18, 2025 IA SF 22 Prohibits Cellphones While Driving Unless in Hands-Free or Voice-Activated Mode Bill Passed - Senate (47 - 1)
March 18, 2025 AL SB 156 Authorizes a Review for Individuals Sentenced to Life in Prison Under the State Habitual Offender Law Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 8)
March 18, 2025 WI SB 5 Classifies a Threat or Battery Against a Juror or Their Family as a Class H Felony Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 4)
March 18, 2025 OK SB 1027 Limits Petitions for Ballot Measures Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 7)
March 18, 2025 AR HB 1509 Prohibits Payment Processors From Using Merchant Category Code 5723 for Firearm Purchases Bill Passed - House (80 - 14)
March 17, 2025 NM HB 12 Reduces Requirements for Law Enforcement to Temporarily Suspend Access to Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 15)
March 17, 2025 NM HB 12 Reduces Requirements for Law Enforcement to Temporarily Suspend Access to Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 15)
March 17, 2025 PA HB 439 Prohibits Discrimination Based on Hair or Hairstyles Bill Passed - House (194 - 8)
March 17, 2025 MD HB 1222 Prohibits Local Law Enforcement Agencies From Entering Agreements With Federal Immigration Officials Bill Passed - House (98 - 38)
March 17, 2025 MD HB 853 Authorizes Certain Incarcerated Individuals to Have Early Release Hearings Bill Passed - House (89 - 49)
March 17, 2025 MD SB 828 Prohibits Local Law Enforcement Agencies From Entering Agreements With Federal Immigration Officials Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 13)
Date No. Title Outcome
3/26 SB 9 Limits and Restricts Foreign Land Ownership Around Military Bases and Prohibits the Purchase of Drones Manufactured in Certain Countries Conference Report Adopted - Senate (38 - 1)
3/26 SB 9 Limits and Restricts Foreign Land Ownership Around Military Bases and Prohibits the Purchase of Drones Manufactured in Certain Countries Conference Report Adopted - House (98 - 24)
3/26 PN 12-37 Nomination of Aaron Reitz to be an Assistant Attorney General Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 46)
3/26 HB 2228 Requires that Political Subdivisions Hold an Open Meeting to Discuss a Contingency Fee Contract for Legal Services Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 12)
3/26 H 96 Prohibits Government Entities from Displaying Certain Flags Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 11)
3/26 SF 22 Prohibits Cellphones While Driving Unless in Hands-Free or Voice-Activated Mode Bill Passed - House (84 - 11)
3/26 PN 12-37 Nomination of Aaron Reitz to be an Assistant Attorney General Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 45)
3/26 S 244 Amends Liability Rules, Damage Awards, and Insurance Requirements for Bars, Restaurants, and Nonprofit Organizations Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 7)
3/26 SB 990 Authorizes the Death Penalty for Individuals Convicted of Killing Children Aged 10-15 Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 5)
3/26 HF 639 Limits Carbon Sequestration Pipelines Ability to Use Eminent Domain Bill Passed - House (85 - 10)
3/26 HF 946 Requires the Attorney General to Investigate Any Law Enforcement Officer Who Intentionally Fails to Comply With the Requirements of State Immigration Law Bill Passed - House (61 - 35)
3/26 SB 25-071 Prohibits Pharmaceutical Companies from Restricting Hospitals' Use of the Federal 340B Prescription Drug Discount Program Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 4)
3/26 SF 394 Increases Pesticide Liability Immunity Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 21)
3/26 HB 6017 Repeals Previous Legislation that Prohibited Adult Children 25 or Older and Their Parents from Pursuing Medical Malpractice Claims Bill Passed - House (104 - 6)
3/26 HB 759 Authorizes 18-Year-Olds to Purchase Long Guns Bill Passed - House (78 - 34)
3/25 HB 25-1238 Establishes Various New Rules for Gun and Firearm Shows Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 13)
3/25 HB 25-1133 Requires Individuals Delivering Ammunition to Confirm Age of Purchaser Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 16)
3/25 SB 25-014 Repeals Colorado's Statutory Ban on Same-Sex Marriage Bill Passed - House (45 - 14)
3/25 HCR 5004 Amends Constitutional Citizenship Requirement for Voting Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (37 - 3)
3/25 HB 1217 Prohibits Public Drag Performances Bill Passed - House (79 - 17)
3/25 SF 473 Establishes Protections for Religious and Moral Beliefs of Foster and Adoptive Parents Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 14)
3/25 HF 924 Reduces the Minimum Age for Possessing and Carrying a Firearm from 21 to 18 Bill Passed - House (79 - 18)
3/24 HB 2109 Exempts Public Utilities from Civil Liability to the Attachment, Access, Operation, Maintenance or Removal of Law Enforcement Equipment Concurrence Vote Passed - House (78 - 44)
3/24 HB 2109 Exempts Public Utilities from Civil Liability to the Attachment, Access, Operation, Maintenance or Removal of Law Enforcement Equipment Concurrence Vote Passed - House (78 - 44)
3/24 HB 2052 Amends the Process for an Individual with a Provisional Concealed Carry License to Request a Standard License Concurrence Vote Passed - House (105 - 17)
3/24 A 3540 Establishes Criminal Penalties for Production or Dissemination of Deceptive Audio or Visual Media (Deepfakes) Concurrence Vote Passed - House (64 - 13)
3/24 SB 25-003 Prohibits the Manufacture, Distribution, Transfer, Sale, or Purchase of Specified Semiautomatic Firearms Bill Passed - House (36 - 28)
3/24 HB 1393 Requires Law Enforcement to Report Arrestees for Suspected Illegal Immigration Status Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 10)
3/24 H 380 Authorizes the Death Penalty for Individuals Convicted of Sexual Abuse of a Minor Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 5)
3/24 H 270 Increases Indecent Exposure Penalties Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 6)
3/24 H 270 Increases Indecent Exposure Penalties Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 6)
3/24 H 380 Authorizes the Death Penalty for Individuals Convicted of Sexual Abuse of a Minor Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 5)
3/24 S 1400 Establishes an Alternative Process for Handling Court Proceedings Regarding Inherited Property Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
3/24 SB 579 Prohibits Municipalities Participating in the Home Rule Program from Establishing Nondiscrimination Ordinances Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 8)
3/22 SB 122 Expands the Prescription Drug Donation Program Bill Passed - House (56 - 6)
3/21 SB 68 Establishes New Guidelines for Personal Injury Lawsuits Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (34 - 21)
3/21 SB 68 Establishes New Guidelines for Personal Injury Lawsuits Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (34 - 21)
3/21 HB 78 Prohibits Discrimination Against 340B Entities Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 14)
3/20 SB 68 Establishes New Guidelines for Personal Injury Lawsuits Bill Passed - House (91 - 82)
3/20 SB 68 Establishes New Guidelines for Personal Injury Lawsuits Bill Passed - House (91 - 82)
3/20 HB 2052 Amends the Process for an Individual with a Provisional Concealed Carry License to Request a Standard License Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 6)
3/20 HB 2109 Exempts Public Utilities from Civil Liability to the Attachment, Access, Operation, Maintenance or Removal of Law Enforcement Equipment Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 9)
3/20 HB 2109 Exempts Public Utilities from Civil Liability to the Attachment, Access, Operation, Maintenance or Removal of Law Enforcement Equipment Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 9)
3/20 SB 137 Authorizes the Sale or Transfer of Forfeited Firearms under the Kansas Standard Asset Seizure and Forfeiture Act to a Licensed Firearm Dealer Bill Passed - House (90 - 28)
3/20 HB 592 Requires that Individuals Charged a Serious Offense be Held Behind Bars Until Being Arraigned by a Court Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 0)
3/20 SB 252 Establishes New Regulations on Reimbursements and Fees Pharmacy Benefit Managers Charge to Pharmacies Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 0)
3/20 HB 4116 Increases Penalties for Violators of Interest Rate Limits Bill Passed - House (83 - 21)
3/20 SB 50 Establishes State Constitutional Concealed Carry Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 18)
3/20 HB 4115 Increases Pawn Shop Interest Rates Bill Passed - House (83 - 21)
3/20 HF 864 Requires Pornography Websites and Other Online Distributors of Obscene Material to Implement "Reasonable" Age Verification Methods to Prevent Minors' Access. Bill Passed - House (88 - 1)
3/20 HF 572 Establishes the Criminal Offense of Human Smuggling Bill Passed - House (75 - 14)
3/19 HB 2338 Authorizes the Kansas Board of Cosmetology to Issue Temporary Location and Guest Artist Permits Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 2)
3/19 SB 67 Authorizes Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists to Prescribe and Administer Drugs Consistent with Registered Nurse Anesthetist's Education and Qualifications Bill Passed - House (118 - 5)
3/19 HB 2284 Establishes Written Policies to Govern Procurement of Managed Care Organizations Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 8)
3/19 SB 13 Reduces Requirements for Filings, Registrations, and Licenses Certain Organizations and Businesses Must Send to the Kansas Secretary of State Bill Passed - House (121 - 2)
3/19 SB 104 Establishes Additional Flexibility to the Shawnee County Board of County Commissioners to Make a Citizens Commission on Local Government Bill Passed - House (119 - 4)
3/19 HB 2291 Establishes a Regulatory Relief Division within the Attorney General's Office Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 9)
3/19 HB 25-1250 Requires Schools to Provide Gun Violence Prevention Materials to Parents at the Beginning of Each Academic Year and Also Post Them on Their Website Bill Passed - House (43 - 21)
3/19 SF 513 Prohibits Courts from Ordering Parties Involved in a Dissolution of a Marriage to Pay a Post-Secondary Education Subsidy for Dependents Bill Passed - Senate (43 - 4)
3/19 SB 412 Rescinds Exemptions for Educational, Medical, Psychological, and Psychiatric Professionals Who Commit Offenses Related to Material or Conduct that is Obscene or Harmful to Children Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 9)
3/18 SB 116 Prohibits the Use of Machine Gun Conversion Devices Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (24 - 2)
3/18 HB 10 Establishes a Law Enforcement Bureau in New Mexico to Regulate Cannabis Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 1)
3/18 HB 10 Establishes a Law Enforcement Bureau in New Mexico to Regulate Cannabis Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 1)
3/18 SB 156 Authorizes a Review for Individuals Sentenced to Life in Prison Under the State Habitual Offender Law Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 8)
3/18 SF 22 Prohibits Cellphones While Driving Unless in Hands-Free or Voice-Activated Mode Bill Passed - Senate (47 - 1)
3/18 SB 156 Authorizes a Review for Individuals Sentenced to Life in Prison Under the State Habitual Offender Law Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 8)
3/18 SB 5 Classifies a Threat or Battery Against a Juror or Their Family as a Class H Felony Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 4)
3/18 SB 1027 Limits Petitions for Ballot Measures Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 7)
3/18 HB 1509 Prohibits Payment Processors From Using Merchant Category Code 5723 for Firearm Purchases Bill Passed - House (80 - 14)
3/17 HB 12 Reduces Requirements for Law Enforcement to Temporarily Suspend Access to Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 15)
3/17 HB 12 Reduces Requirements for Law Enforcement to Temporarily Suspend Access to Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 15)
3/17 HB 439 Prohibits Discrimination Based on Hair or Hairstyles Bill Passed - House (194 - 8)
3/17 HB 1222 Prohibits Local Law Enforcement Agencies From Entering Agreements With Federal Immigration Officials Bill Passed - House (98 - 38)
3/17 HB 853 Authorizes Certain Incarcerated Individuals to Have Early Release Hearings Bill Passed - House (89 - 49)
3/17 SB 828 Prohibits Local Law Enforcement Agencies From Entering Agreements With Federal Immigration Officials Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 13)

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