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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
April 29, 2026 National S J Res 139 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Air Plan Disapproval; Colorado; Regional Haze Plan for the Second Implementation Period" Motion Rejected - Senate (46 - 52)
April 27, 2026 National PN 730-14 Nomination of Robert Cekada, of Florida, to be Director, Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives, vice Steven M. Dettelbach, resigned Cloture Invoked - Senate (54 - 37)
April 22, 2026 PA SB 1293 Requires Institutions of Higher Education to Designate Sports as Male or Female Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 17)
April 16, 2026 MI HB 4303 Establishes May as Chaldean American Month Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
April 15, 2026 LA SB 105 Repeals Certain Requirements for Veterans to Access TOPS-Tech Funding Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
April 13, 2026 MD SB 791 Prohibits Correctional Facilities from Taking Certain Actions Related to Immigration Enforcement Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 15)
April 10, 2026 MD SB 791 Prohibits Correctional Facilities from Taking Certain Actions Related to Immigration Enforcement Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 13)
April 10, 2026 NE LB 304 Repeals Sunset Dates for the Federal Child Care Subsidy Program Bill Passed - Senate (43 - 6)
April 8, 2026 ME LD 2106 Prohibits Immigration Enforcement from Entering Certain Public Places Without a Warrant Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 14)
April 8, 2026 LA SB 256 Requires the Merger of the Offices of Orleans Parish Criminal District Court Clerk and Orleans Parish Civil District Court Clerk Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 11)
April 2, 2026 GA HB 295 Authorizes Property Owners to Sue Local Governments for Failing to Enforce Immigration and Homelessness Laws Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (34 - 19)
April 2, 2026 GA HB 295 Authorizes Property Owners to Sue Local Governments for Failing to Enforce Immigration and Homelessness Laws Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (34 - 19)
April 2, 2026 GA HB 463 Establishes a Homestead Exemption for Senior Citizens who Volunteer with Local Governments Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 20)
March 31, 2026 MS SB 2322 Requires Drivers License or Permit to Reflect Gender Assigned at Birth When Renewed Conference Report Adopted - Senate (29 - 16)
March 30, 2026 ID H 822 Requires Teachers, Child Care Providers, and Health Care Providers to Inform Parents of a Child's Expressed Interest in Gender Nonconformity Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 8)
March 27, 2026 ID H 752 Requires Individuals to Use Public Restrooms According to Their Biological Sex Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 7)
March 26, 2026 OK SB 1884 Expands Contract Access for Non-Union Educator's Associations Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 7)
March 25, 2026 National S J Res 103 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Veterans Affairs relating to "Reproductive Health Services" Motion Rejected - Senate (48 - 50)
March 25, 2026 OK SB 904 Prohibits the Use of Public Funds and Facilities for Gender Transition Procedures Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 8)
March 24, 2026 National S 1383 Veterans Accessibility Advisory Committee Act of 2025 Motion Agreed - Senate (53 - 47)
March 24, 2026 National PN 786-9 Nomination of Colin McDonald, of California, to be an Assistant Attorney General, vice Todd Sunhwae Kim Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 47)
March 24, 2026 National S J Res 116 A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 53)
March 23, 2026 National PN 858 Nomination of Markwayne Mullin, of Oklahoma, to be Secretary of Homeland Security, vice Kristi Noem (54 - 45)
March 23, 2026 NJ A 4071 Prohibits State and Local Law Enforcement from Assisting with Federal Immigration Enforcement Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 13)
March 23, 2026 National PN 786-9 Nomination of Colin McDonald, of California, to be an Assistant Attorney General, vice Todd Sunhwae Kim Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 45)
March 22, 2026 National PN 858 Nomination of Markwayne Mullin, of Oklahoma, to be Secretary of Homeland Security, vice Kristi Noem Cloture Invoked - Senate (54 - 37)
March 21, 2026 National S 1383 Veterans Accessibility Advisory Committee Act of 2025 Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (41 - 49)
March 20, 2026 MD SB 933 Repeals and Amends the Proposed Constitutional Amendment Related to Temporary Appointments to the Commission on Judicial Disabilities Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 0)
March 18, 2026 National S J Res 118 A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 53)
March 17, 2026 National S 1383 Veterans Accessibility Advisory Committee Act of 2025 Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 48)
March 17, 2026 WI AB 601 Authorizes Online Sports Betting on Tribal-Based Servers Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 12)
March 14, 2026 VA HB 1441 Prohibits State and Local Law Enforcement from Entering into Federal Immigration Enforcement Contracts Conference Report Adopted - Senate (21 - 18)
March 14, 2026 VA SB 378 Authorizes Collective Bargaining for Public Employees Conference Report Adopted - Senate (20 - 18)
March 14, 2026 VA HB 1377 Establishes a Task Force to Examine Higher Education at the Virginia Military Institute Conference Report Adopted - Senate (21 - 18)
March 14, 2026 WV SB 947 Authorizes Individuals Under 18 Experiencing Homelessness to Receive a Copy of their Birth Certificate Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 0)
March 14, 2026 WV SB 502 Authorizes Colleges with Women's Sports to Establish a Women's Athletics Endowment Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (34 - 0)
March 12, 2026 FL HB 991 Requires Identification Featuring Proof of Citizenship for Voting Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 12)
March 10, 2026 National PN 711 Nomination of Lieutenant General Joshua M. Rudd to be General in the United States Army Nomination Confirmed - Senate (71 - 29)
March 10, 2026 National PN 711 Nomination of Lieutenant General Joshua M. Rudd to be General in the United States Army Nomination Confirmed - Senate (71 - 29)
March 10, 2026 MS HB 538 Requires Mississippi Agencies to Comply With Federal Immigration Enforcement Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 14)
March 9, 2026 VA HB 174 Authorizes Military Personnel to Break a Rental Agreement Under Specified Circumstances Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
March 9, 2026 National PN 711 Nomination of Lieutenant General Joshua M. Rudd to be General in the United States Army Cloture Invoked - Senate (68 - 28)
March 9, 2026 National PN 711 Nomination of Lieutenant General Joshua M. Rudd to be General in the United States Army Cloture Invoked - Senate (68 - 28)
March 5, 2026 NH SB 552 Authorizes the Classification of Individuals Based on Biological Sex in Certain Circumstances "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (16 - 8)
March 4, 2026 OR SB 1570 Requires Hospitals to Adopt Policies to Protect Patients From Immigration Enforcement Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (18 - 11)
March 4, 2026 National S J Res 104 A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 53)
March 2, 2026 ID S 1300 Authorizes the Governor to Appoint the Directors of the Departments of Transportation, Fish and Game, and Parks and Recreation Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 14)
Feb. 26, 2026 National PN 730-46 Nomination of Ryan McCormack, of Virginia, to be Under Secretary of Transportation for Policy, vice Carlos Alberto Monje, Jr. (57 - 33)
Feb. 26, 2026 National PN 730-46 Nomination of Ryan McCormack, of Virginia, to be Under Secretary of Transportation for Policy, vice Carlos Alberto Monje, Jr. Cloture Invoked - Senate (60 - 34)
Feb. 25, 2026 IN SB 1 Establishes and Amends Certain Requirements for SNAP Eligibility Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (39 - 9)
Date No. Title Outcome
4/29 S J Res 139 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Air Plan Disapproval; Colorado; Regional Haze Plan for the Second Implementation Period" Motion Rejected - Senate (46 - 52)
4/27 PN 730-14 Nomination of Robert Cekada, of Florida, to be Director, Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives, vice Steven M. Dettelbach, resigned Cloture Invoked - Senate (54 - 37)
4/22 SB 1293 Requires Institutions of Higher Education to Designate Sports as Male or Female Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 17)
4/16 HB 4303 Establishes May as Chaldean American Month Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
4/15 SB 105 Repeals Certain Requirements for Veterans to Access TOPS-Tech Funding Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
4/13 SB 791 Prohibits Correctional Facilities from Taking Certain Actions Related to Immigration Enforcement Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 15)
4/10 SB 791 Prohibits Correctional Facilities from Taking Certain Actions Related to Immigration Enforcement Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 13)
4/10 LB 304 Repeals Sunset Dates for the Federal Child Care Subsidy Program Bill Passed - Senate (43 - 6)
4/08 LD 2106 Prohibits Immigration Enforcement from Entering Certain Public Places Without a Warrant Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 14)
4/08 SB 256 Requires the Merger of the Offices of Orleans Parish Criminal District Court Clerk and Orleans Parish Civil District Court Clerk Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 11)
4/02 HB 295 Authorizes Property Owners to Sue Local Governments for Failing to Enforce Immigration and Homelessness Laws Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (34 - 19)
4/02 HB 295 Authorizes Property Owners to Sue Local Governments for Failing to Enforce Immigration and Homelessness Laws Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (34 - 19)
4/02 HB 463 Establishes a Homestead Exemption for Senior Citizens who Volunteer with Local Governments Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 20)
3/31 SB 2322 Requires Drivers License or Permit to Reflect Gender Assigned at Birth When Renewed Conference Report Adopted - Senate (29 - 16)
3/30 H 822 Requires Teachers, Child Care Providers, and Health Care Providers to Inform Parents of a Child's Expressed Interest in Gender Nonconformity Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 8)
3/27 H 752 Requires Individuals to Use Public Restrooms According to Their Biological Sex Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 7)
3/26 SB 1884 Expands Contract Access for Non-Union Educator's Associations Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 7)
3/25 S J Res 103 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Veterans Affairs relating to "Reproductive Health Services" Motion Rejected - Senate (48 - 50)
3/25 SB 904 Prohibits the Use of Public Funds and Facilities for Gender Transition Procedures Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 8)
3/24 S 1383 Veterans Accessibility Advisory Committee Act of 2025 Motion Agreed - Senate (53 - 47)
3/24 PN 786-9 Nomination of Colin McDonald, of California, to be an Assistant Attorney General, vice Todd Sunhwae Kim Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 47)
3/24 S J Res 116 A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 53)
3/23 PN 858 Nomination of Markwayne Mullin, of Oklahoma, to be Secretary of Homeland Security, vice Kristi Noem (54 - 45)
3/23 A 4071 Prohibits State and Local Law Enforcement from Assisting with Federal Immigration Enforcement Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 13)
3/23 PN 786-9 Nomination of Colin McDonald, of California, to be an Assistant Attorney General, vice Todd Sunhwae Kim Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 45)
3/22 PN 858 Nomination of Markwayne Mullin, of Oklahoma, to be Secretary of Homeland Security, vice Kristi Noem Cloture Invoked - Senate (54 - 37)
3/21 S 1383 Veterans Accessibility Advisory Committee Act of 2025 Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (41 - 49)
3/20 SB 933 Repeals and Amends the Proposed Constitutional Amendment Related to Temporary Appointments to the Commission on Judicial Disabilities Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 0)
3/18 S J Res 118 A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 53)
3/17 S 1383 Veterans Accessibility Advisory Committee Act of 2025 Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 48)
3/17 AB 601 Authorizes Online Sports Betting on Tribal-Based Servers Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 12)
3/14 HB 1441 Prohibits State and Local Law Enforcement from Entering into Federal Immigration Enforcement Contracts Conference Report Adopted - Senate (21 - 18)
3/14 SB 378 Authorizes Collective Bargaining for Public Employees Conference Report Adopted - Senate (20 - 18)
3/14 HB 1377 Establishes a Task Force to Examine Higher Education at the Virginia Military Institute Conference Report Adopted - Senate (21 - 18)
3/14 SB 947 Authorizes Individuals Under 18 Experiencing Homelessness to Receive a Copy of their Birth Certificate Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 0)
3/14 SB 502 Authorizes Colleges with Women's Sports to Establish a Women's Athletics Endowment Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (34 - 0)
3/12 HB 991 Requires Identification Featuring Proof of Citizenship for Voting Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 12)
3/10 PN 711 Nomination of Lieutenant General Joshua M. Rudd to be General in the United States Army Nomination Confirmed - Senate (71 - 29)
3/10 PN 711 Nomination of Lieutenant General Joshua M. Rudd to be General in the United States Army Nomination Confirmed - Senate (71 - 29)
3/10 HB 538 Requires Mississippi Agencies to Comply With Federal Immigration Enforcement Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 14)
3/09 HB 174 Authorizes Military Personnel to Break a Rental Agreement Under Specified Circumstances Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
3/09 PN 711 Nomination of Lieutenant General Joshua M. Rudd to be General in the United States Army Cloture Invoked - Senate (68 - 28)
3/09 PN 711 Nomination of Lieutenant General Joshua M. Rudd to be General in the United States Army Cloture Invoked - Senate (68 - 28)
3/05 SB 552 Authorizes the Classification of Individuals Based on Biological Sex in Certain Circumstances "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (16 - 8)
3/04 SB 1570 Requires Hospitals to Adopt Policies to Protect Patients From Immigration Enforcement Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (18 - 11)
3/04 S J Res 104 A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 53)
3/02 S 1300 Authorizes the Governor to Appoint the Directors of the Departments of Transportation, Fish and Game, and Parks and Recreation Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 14)
2/26 PN 730-46 Nomination of Ryan McCormack, of Virginia, to be Under Secretary of Transportation for Policy, vice Carlos Alberto Monje, Jr. (57 - 33)
2/26 PN 730-46 Nomination of Ryan McCormack, of Virginia, to be Under Secretary of Transportation for Policy, vice Carlos Alberto Monje, Jr. Cloture Invoked - Senate (60 - 34)
2/25 SB 1 Establishes and Amends Certain Requirements for SNAP Eligibility Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (39 - 9)
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