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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
April 16, 2025 TX SB 1596 Repeals Ban on Short-Barrel Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 10)
April 14, 2025 WA HB 1163 Requires New Permits for Gun Ownership Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 19)
April 12, 2025 MT HB 763 Increases the Base Hunting License Fee for All Nonresidents from $15 to $100 Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (48 - 2)
April 7, 2025 IA HF 924 Reduces the Minimum Age for Possessing and Carrying a Firearm from 21 to 18 Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 14)
April 2, 2025 ND HB 1470 Increases the Price for Hunting and Fishing Licenses Bill Passed - Senate (43 - 3)
April 1, 2025 RI S 280 Increases the 7-Day Waiting Period Exemption for Concealable Firearms to Include the Rhode Island Capitol Police Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 5)
March 28, 2025 CO SB 25-003 Prohibits the Manufacture, Distribution, Transfer, Sale, or Purchase of Specified Semiautomatic Firearms Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (19 - 15)
March 25, 2025 CO HB 25-1133 Requires Individuals Delivering Ammunition to Confirm Age of Purchaser Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 16)
March 25, 2025 CO HB 25-1238 Establishes Various New Rules for Gun and Firearm Shows Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 13)
March 20, 2025 KS HB 2052 Amends the Process for an Individual with a Provisional Concealed Carry License to Request a Standard License Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 6)
March 20, 2025 NC SB 50 Establishes State Constitutional Concealed Carry Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 18)
March 18, 2025 AL SB 116 Prohibits the Use of Machine Gun Conversion Devices Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (24 - 2)
March 17, 2025 NM HB 12 Reduces Requirements for Law Enforcement to Temporarily Suspend Access to Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 15)
March 12, 2025 SD HB 1218 Prohibits Local Governments from Restricting the Concealed Carry of Firearms by Employees Conference Report Adopted - Senate (32 - 3)
March 10, 2025 MS SB 2280 Requires Both In-State and Out-of-State Hunters Purchase Turkey Hunting Stamps Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (29 - 18)
March 10, 2025 OK SB 742 Authorizes Concealed Carry of Handguns for State Judges Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 6)
March 6, 2025 AZ SB 1705 Amends Firearm Preemption Laws in Arizona Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 9)
March 5, 2025 ID H 37 Establishes Firing Squads as the Primary Method of Execution Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 7)
March 5, 2025 WA SB 5268 Requires 12 Months of Community Custody for Unlawful Possession of Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
March 5, 2025 WA SB 5098 Prohibits Firearms in More Public Spaces Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 21)
March 4, 2025 SD HB 1222 Authorizes Concealed Carry Permit Holders to Keep Their Firearm Inside a Motor Vehicle While on School Property Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 2)
Feb. 26, 2025 SD HB 1236 Extends the Safety Zone from 660 Feet to One-Quarter Mile Bill Failed - Senate (5 - 29)
Feb. 26, 2025 WY HB 211 Authorizes the Hunting of Wildlife from a Vehicle if the Wildlife does not Require a License or Permit to Take Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 4)
Feb. 25, 2025 AL SB 116 Prohibits the Use of Machine Gun Conversion Devices Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 0)
Feb. 21, 2025 WY HB 234 Increases Sportsmen's Credit Card Purchase Privacy Bill Failed - Senate (14 - 17)
Feb. 20, 2025 AL SB 40 Authorizes Firearm Hold Agreements Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 0)
Feb. 18, 2025 WY HB 45 Repeals and Removes Otters from the List of Protected Animals for Hunting Purposes Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 9)
Feb. 18, 2025 VA HB 1660 Prohibits the Use of Trigger Activators in Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 19)
Feb. 18, 2025 CO SB 25-003 Prohibits the Manufacture, Distribution, Transfer, Sale, or Purchase of Specified Semiautomatic Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 15)
Feb. 17, 2025 VA HB 1597 Requires Secure Storage of Firearms in Households with Minors Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 18)
Feb. 14, 2025 VA SB 1181 Limits the Sale of Assault-Style Firearm Weapons to Individuals 21 or Older Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
Feb. 14, 2025 VA HB 1876 Authorizes Public Colleges and Universities to Prohibit Guns on School Property Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
Feb. 14, 2025 VA HB 2631 Establishes a 5-Day Waiting Period for Gun Purchases Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
Feb. 14, 2025 VA HB 1977 Prohibits Weapons in Hospitals that Provide Mental Health Care Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
Feb. 14, 2025 VA HB 1607 Prohibits the Manufacture, Sale, and Possession of Assault-Style Weapons Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
Feb. 12, 2025 GA SB 47 Establishes Annual 11-day Sales Tax Holiday for Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 21)
Feb. 12, 2025 SD SB 100 Authorizes Concealed Carry Permit Holders to Carry on State University and Technical College Campuses Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 2)
Jan. 29, 2025 ND SB 2137 Authorizes Hunters to Bait Deer on Private Property Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 15)
Jan. 28, 2025 VA SB 1182 Authorizes Public Universities to Ban Firearms and Explosive Materials in Their Buildings Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 18)
Jan. 28, 2025 VA SB 880 Prohibits Carrying Assault-Style Weapons in Public Areas Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 18)
Jan. 28, 2025 VA SB 886 Prohibits the Use of Trigger Activators in Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 18)
Jan. 28, 2025 VA SB 1134 Requires Secure Storage of Firearms in Households with Minors Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 18)
Jan. 27, 2025 VA SB 1181 Limits the Sale of Assault-Style Firearm Weapons to Individuals 21 or Older Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
Jan. 27, 2025 VA SB 891 Requires a 5-Day Waiting Period for Firearm Sales Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
Jan. 27, 2025 VA SB 881 Prohibits the Manufacturing and Sale of Unserialized Firearms (Ghost Guns) Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
Jan. 27, 2025 VA SB 1110 Prohibits Weapons in Hospitals that Provide Mental Health Services Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
Jan. 24, 2025 SD SB 41 Specifies the Minimum Age Requirements for a Hunting License Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 0)
Jan. 6, 2025 IL HB 4144 Requires Police to Take Guns After Orders of Protection Bill Passed - Senate (43 - 10)
Dec. 20, 2024 MI HB 6145 Amends Various Public Regulations Relating to Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
Dec. 19, 2024 MI HB 5451 Requires the Safe Firearm Storage Notice Created by MDHHS be Distributed Parents and Legal Guardians of Students Yearly Beginning October 1, 2025 Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
Date No. Title Outcome
4/16 SB 1596 Repeals Ban on Short-Barrel Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 10)
4/14 HB 1163 Requires New Permits for Gun Ownership Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 19)
4/12 HB 763 Increases the Base Hunting License Fee for All Nonresidents from $15 to $100 Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (48 - 2)
4/07 HF 924 Reduces the Minimum Age for Possessing and Carrying a Firearm from 21 to 18 Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 14)
4/02 HB 1470 Increases the Price for Hunting and Fishing Licenses Bill Passed - Senate (43 - 3)
4/01 S 280 Increases the 7-Day Waiting Period Exemption for Concealable Firearms to Include the Rhode Island Capitol Police Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 5)
3/28 SB 25-003 Prohibits the Manufacture, Distribution, Transfer, Sale, or Purchase of Specified Semiautomatic Firearms Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (19 - 15)
3/25 HB 25-1133 Requires Individuals Delivering Ammunition to Confirm Age of Purchaser Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 16)
3/25 HB 25-1238 Establishes Various New Rules for Gun and Firearm Shows Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 13)
3/20 HB 2052 Amends the Process for an Individual with a Provisional Concealed Carry License to Request a Standard License Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 6)
3/20 SB 50 Establishes State Constitutional Concealed Carry Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 18)
3/18 SB 116 Prohibits the Use of Machine Gun Conversion Devices Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (24 - 2)
3/17 HB 12 Reduces Requirements for Law Enforcement to Temporarily Suspend Access to Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 15)
3/12 HB 1218 Prohibits Local Governments from Restricting the Concealed Carry of Firearms by Employees Conference Report Adopted - Senate (32 - 3)
3/10 SB 2280 Requires Both In-State and Out-of-State Hunters Purchase Turkey Hunting Stamps Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (29 - 18)
3/10 SB 742 Authorizes Concealed Carry of Handguns for State Judges Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 6)
3/06 SB 1705 Amends Firearm Preemption Laws in Arizona Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 9)
3/05 H 37 Establishes Firing Squads as the Primary Method of Execution Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 7)
3/05 SB 5268 Requires 12 Months of Community Custody for Unlawful Possession of Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
3/05 SB 5098 Prohibits Firearms in More Public Spaces Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 21)
3/04 HB 1222 Authorizes Concealed Carry Permit Holders to Keep Their Firearm Inside a Motor Vehicle While on School Property Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 2)
2/26 HB 1236 Extends the Safety Zone from 660 Feet to One-Quarter Mile Bill Failed - Senate (5 - 29)
2/26 HB 211 Authorizes the Hunting of Wildlife from a Vehicle if the Wildlife does not Require a License or Permit to Take Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 4)
2/25 SB 116 Prohibits the Use of Machine Gun Conversion Devices Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 0)
2/21 HB 234 Increases Sportsmen's Credit Card Purchase Privacy Bill Failed - Senate (14 - 17)
2/20 SB 40 Authorizes Firearm Hold Agreements Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 0)
2/18 HB 45 Repeals and Removes Otters from the List of Protected Animals for Hunting Purposes Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 9)
2/18 HB 1660 Prohibits the Use of Trigger Activators in Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 19)
2/18 SB 25-003 Prohibits the Manufacture, Distribution, Transfer, Sale, or Purchase of Specified Semiautomatic Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 15)
2/17 HB 1597 Requires Secure Storage of Firearms in Households with Minors Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 18)
2/14 SB 1181 Limits the Sale of Assault-Style Firearm Weapons to Individuals 21 or Older Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
2/14 HB 1876 Authorizes Public Colleges and Universities to Prohibit Guns on School Property Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
2/14 HB 2631 Establishes a 5-Day Waiting Period for Gun Purchases Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
2/14 HB 1977 Prohibits Weapons in Hospitals that Provide Mental Health Care Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
2/14 HB 1607 Prohibits the Manufacture, Sale, and Possession of Assault-Style Weapons Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
2/12 SB 47 Establishes Annual 11-day Sales Tax Holiday for Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 21)
2/12 SB 100 Authorizes Concealed Carry Permit Holders to Carry on State University and Technical College Campuses Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 2)
1/29 SB 2137 Authorizes Hunters to Bait Deer on Private Property Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 15)
1/28 SB 1182 Authorizes Public Universities to Ban Firearms and Explosive Materials in Their Buildings Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 18)
1/28 SB 880 Prohibits Carrying Assault-Style Weapons in Public Areas Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 18)
1/28 SB 886 Prohibits the Use of Trigger Activators in Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 18)
1/28 SB 1134 Requires Secure Storage of Firearms in Households with Minors Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 18)
1/27 SB 1181 Limits the Sale of Assault-Style Firearm Weapons to Individuals 21 or Older Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
1/27 SB 891 Requires a 5-Day Waiting Period for Firearm Sales Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
1/27 SB 881 Prohibits the Manufacturing and Sale of Unserialized Firearms (Ghost Guns) Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
1/27 SB 1110 Prohibits Weapons in Hospitals that Provide Mental Health Services Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
1/24 SB 41 Specifies the Minimum Age Requirements for a Hunting License Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 0)
1/06 HB 4144 Requires Police to Take Guns After Orders of Protection Bill Passed - Senate (43 - 10)
12/20 HB 6145 Amends Various Public Regulations Relating to Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
12/19 HB 5451 Requires the Safe Firearm Storage Notice Created by MDHHS be Distributed Parents and Legal Guardians of Students Yearly Beginning October 1, 2025 Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
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