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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
March 5, 2026 National HR 7147 Making further consolidated appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2026, and for other purposes Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (51 - 45)
March 5, 2026 MO HB 2125 Requires the Secretary of State and the Director of the Department of Revenue to Share Citizenship Data Bill Passed - House (101 - 46)
March 5, 2026 National HR 7744 Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2026 Bill Passed - House (221 - 209)
March 5, 2026 National H Res 1099 Reaffirming Iran remains the largest state sponsor of terrorism Bill Passed - House (372 - 53)
March 5, 2026 National H Res 1099 Reaffirming Iran remains the largest state sponsor of terrorism Bill Passed - House (372 - 53)
March 5, 2026 National H Con Res 38 Directing the President pursuant to section 5(c) of the War Powers Resolution to remove United States Armed Forces from unauthorized hostilities in the Islamic Republic of Iran Bill Failed - House (212 - 219)
March 5, 2026 National HR 7744 Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2026 Bill Passed - House (221 - 209)
March 4, 2026 OR SB 1570 Requires Hospitals to Adopt Policies to Protect Patients From Immigration Enforcement Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (18 - 11)
March 4, 2026 SD SB 175 Requires Voters to Provide Citizenship Status When Registering to Vote Bill Passed - House (64 - 3)
March 4, 2026 National S J Res 104 A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 53)
March 4, 2026 National S J Res 104 A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 53)
March 3, 2026 WA SB 5185 Establishes a Pathway to Licensure for International Medical Graduates Experiencing Hardship Bill Passed - House (89 - 4)
March 3, 2026 MI HB 4572 Appropriates Funds for the Selfridge Air National Guard Base for Fiscal Year 2026 Bill Passed - House (65 - 41)
March 3, 2026 IA HF 2513 Prohibits Public Universities From Hiring Certain Visa Holders Bill Passed - House (68 - 27)
March 2, 2026 OR SB 1570 Requires Hospitals to Adopt Policies to Protect Patients From Immigration Enforcement Bill Passed - House (34 - 14)
Feb. 26, 2026 OK HB 4423 Requires the Determination of Medicaid Applicants' Immigration Status Bill Passed - House (80 - 18)
Feb. 26, 2026 OK HB 4422 Requires Determination of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) Applicants' Immigration Status Bill Passed - House (80 - 18)
Feb. 25, 2026 IN SB 1 Establishes and Amends Certain Requirements for SNAP Eligibility Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (39 - 9)
Feb. 25, 2026 IN SB 76 Expands Requirements for State and Local Government Entities to Cooperate with Federal Immigration Enforcement Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (37 - 11)
Feb. 25, 2026 IA SF 2187 Requires the Department of Transportation to Use the Systematic Alien Verification for Entitlements (SAVE) Program to Verify Drivers' Citizenship Status Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 5)
Feb. 25, 2026 AZ SB 1520 Requires State Law Enforcement to Share Information Upon Request with the Federal Government Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 12)
Feb. 25, 2026 IA SF 2203 Requires the Secretary of State to Use the Systematic Alien Verification for Entitlements (SAVE) Program to Verify Registered Voters' Citizenship Status Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 13)
Feb. 24, 2026 National HR 7147 Making further consolidated appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2026, and for other purposes Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (50 - 45)
Feb. 24, 2026 OR SB 1570 Requires Hospitals to Adopt Policies to Protect Patients From Immigration Enforcement Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 9)
Feb. 24, 2026 AL SB 201 Requires Public Schools to Offer JROTC Programs to Private and Home School Students Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 0)
Feb. 23, 2026 IN SB 1 Establishes and Amends Certain Requirements for SNAP Eligibility Bill Passed - House (62 - 31)
Feb. 23, 2026 AZ SB 1055 Requires State Law Enforcement to Notify Federal Immigration Enforcement When Someone Without Legal Status is Arrested Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 11)
Feb. 19, 2026 SD SB 175 Requires Voters to Provide Citizenship Status When Registering to Vote Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 6)
Feb. 17, 2026 VA SB 783 Restricts State and Local Law Enforcement From Engaging in a Federal Immigration Enforcement Agreement Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 19)
Feb. 12, 2026 National HR 7147 Making further consolidated appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2026, and for other purposes Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (52 - 47)
Feb. 12, 2026 IN SB 76 Expands Requirements for State and Local Government Entities to Cooperate with Federal Immigration Enforcement Bill Passed - House (61 - 28)
Feb. 12, 2026 MD HB 444 Prohibits the State and Any Local Government From Entering Into an Immigration Enforcement Agreement Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 13)
Feb. 12, 2026 MS HB 538 Requires Mississippi Agencies to Comply With Federal Immigration Enforcement Bill Passed - House (77 - 40)
Feb. 11, 2026 National H J Res 72 Relating to a national emergency by the President on February 1, 2025 Bill Passed - House (219 - 211)
Feb. 11, 2026 National H J Res 72 Relating to a national emergency by the President on February 1, 2025 Bill Passed - House (219 - 211)
Feb. 9, 2026 National HR 1531 Pressure Regulatory Organizations To End Chinese Threats to (PROTECT) Taiwan Act Bill Passed - House (395 - 2)
Feb. 5, 2026 KS SB 254 Prohibits Undocumented Immigrants From Receiving Public Benefits Bill Passed - House (86 - 36)
Feb. 5, 2026 MI HB 5197 Prohibits Foreign Funding for Ballot Initiative Campaigns Bill Passed - House (97 - 6)
Feb. 5, 2026 MI HB 5198 Requires Individuals to Disclose Any Foreign Donations Before Participating in Election Administration Bill Passed - House (99 - 4)
Feb. 3, 2026 NM HB 9 Prohibits Governmental Entities From Entering Into Certain Immigration Enforcement Agreements and Using Public Property for Immigration-Related Detainment Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 15)
Feb. 3, 2026 VA SB 351 Restricts Civil Arrests in Courthouses Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 18)
Feb. 3, 2026 MD HB 444 Prohibits the State and Any Local Government From Entering Into an Immigration Enforcement Agreement Bill Passed - House (99 - 40)
Jan. 30, 2026 NM HB 9 Prohibits Governmental Entities From Entering Into Certain Immigration Enforcement Agreements and Using Public Property for Immigration-Related Detainment Bill Passed - House (40 - 29)
Jan. 28, 2026 KS SB 254 Prohibits Undocumented Immigrants From Receiving Public Benefits Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 9)
Jan. 28, 2026 IN HB 1343 Authorizes the Indiana National Guard to Establish a Military Police Force Bill Passed - House (67 - 29)
Jan. 27, 2026 WV HB 4433 Expands the State Definition of Human Smuggling to Include Harboring and Assisting Undocumented Immigrants Bill Passed - House (81 - 9)
Jan. 26, 2026 IN SB 76 Expands Requirements for State and Local Government Entities to Cooperate with Federal Immigration Enforcement Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 7)
Jan. 22, 2026 National HR 7147 Making further consolidated appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2026, and for other purposes Bill Passed - House (220 - 207)
Jan. 22, 2026 National H Con Res 68 To direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from Venezuela that have not been authorized by Congress. Joint Resolution Failed - House (215 - 215)
Jan. 15, 2026 FL HB 197 Requires Businesses of All Sizes to Use the E-Verify System to Check Worker Eligibility Bill Passed - House (80 - 30)
Date No. Title Outcome
3/05 HR 7147 Making further consolidated appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2026, and for other purposes Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (51 - 45)
3/05 HB 2125 Requires the Secretary of State and the Director of the Department of Revenue to Share Citizenship Data Bill Passed - House (101 - 46)
3/05 HR 7744 Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2026 Bill Passed - House (221 - 209)
3/05 H Res 1099 Reaffirming Iran remains the largest state sponsor of terrorism Bill Passed - House (372 - 53)
3/05 H Res 1099 Reaffirming Iran remains the largest state sponsor of terrorism Bill Passed - House (372 - 53)
3/05 H Con Res 38 Directing the President pursuant to section 5(c) of the War Powers Resolution to remove United States Armed Forces from unauthorized hostilities in the Islamic Republic of Iran Bill Failed - House (212 - 219)
3/05 HR 7744 Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2026 Bill Passed - House (221 - 209)
3/04 SB 1570 Requires Hospitals to Adopt Policies to Protect Patients From Immigration Enforcement Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (18 - 11)
3/04 SB 175 Requires Voters to Provide Citizenship Status When Registering to Vote Bill Passed - House (64 - 3)
3/04 S J Res 104 A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 53)
3/04 S J Res 104 A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 53)
3/03 SB 5185 Establishes a Pathway to Licensure for International Medical Graduates Experiencing Hardship Bill Passed - House (89 - 4)
3/03 HB 4572 Appropriates Funds for the Selfridge Air National Guard Base for Fiscal Year 2026 Bill Passed - House (65 - 41)
3/03 HF 2513 Prohibits Public Universities From Hiring Certain Visa Holders Bill Passed - House (68 - 27)
3/02 SB 1570 Requires Hospitals to Adopt Policies to Protect Patients From Immigration Enforcement Bill Passed - House (34 - 14)
2/26 HB 4423 Requires the Determination of Medicaid Applicants' Immigration Status Bill Passed - House (80 - 18)
2/26 HB 4422 Requires Determination of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) Applicants' Immigration Status Bill Passed - House (80 - 18)
2/25 SB 1 Establishes and Amends Certain Requirements for SNAP Eligibility Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (39 - 9)
2/25 SB 76 Expands Requirements for State and Local Government Entities to Cooperate with Federal Immigration Enforcement Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (37 - 11)
2/25 SF 2187 Requires the Department of Transportation to Use the Systematic Alien Verification for Entitlements (SAVE) Program to Verify Drivers' Citizenship Status Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 5)
2/25 SB 1520 Requires State Law Enforcement to Share Information Upon Request with the Federal Government Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 12)
2/25 SF 2203 Requires the Secretary of State to Use the Systematic Alien Verification for Entitlements (SAVE) Program to Verify Registered Voters' Citizenship Status Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 13)
2/24 HR 7147 Making further consolidated appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2026, and for other purposes Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (50 - 45)
2/24 SB 1570 Requires Hospitals to Adopt Policies to Protect Patients From Immigration Enforcement Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 9)
2/24 SB 201 Requires Public Schools to Offer JROTC Programs to Private and Home School Students Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 0)
2/23 SB 1 Establishes and Amends Certain Requirements for SNAP Eligibility Bill Passed - House (62 - 31)
2/23 SB 1055 Requires State Law Enforcement to Notify Federal Immigration Enforcement When Someone Without Legal Status is Arrested Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 11)
2/19 SB 175 Requires Voters to Provide Citizenship Status When Registering to Vote Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 6)
2/17 SB 783 Restricts State and Local Law Enforcement From Engaging in a Federal Immigration Enforcement Agreement Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 19)
2/12 HR 7147 Making further consolidated appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2026, and for other purposes Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (52 - 47)
2/12 SB 76 Expands Requirements for State and Local Government Entities to Cooperate with Federal Immigration Enforcement Bill Passed - House (61 - 28)
2/12 HB 444 Prohibits the State and Any Local Government From Entering Into an Immigration Enforcement Agreement Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 13)
2/12 HB 538 Requires Mississippi Agencies to Comply With Federal Immigration Enforcement Bill Passed - House (77 - 40)
2/11 H J Res 72 Relating to a national emergency by the President on February 1, 2025 Bill Passed - House (219 - 211)
2/11 H J Res 72 Relating to a national emergency by the President on February 1, 2025 Bill Passed - House (219 - 211)
2/09 HR 1531 Pressure Regulatory Organizations To End Chinese Threats to (PROTECT) Taiwan Act Bill Passed - House (395 - 2)
2/05 SB 254 Prohibits Undocumented Immigrants From Receiving Public Benefits Bill Passed - House (86 - 36)
2/05 HB 5197 Prohibits Foreign Funding for Ballot Initiative Campaigns Bill Passed - House (97 - 6)
2/05 HB 5198 Requires Individuals to Disclose Any Foreign Donations Before Participating in Election Administration Bill Passed - House (99 - 4)
2/03 HB 9 Prohibits Governmental Entities From Entering Into Certain Immigration Enforcement Agreements and Using Public Property for Immigration-Related Detainment Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 15)
2/03 SB 351 Restricts Civil Arrests in Courthouses Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 18)
2/03 HB 444 Prohibits the State and Any Local Government From Entering Into an Immigration Enforcement Agreement Bill Passed - House (99 - 40)
1/30 HB 9 Prohibits Governmental Entities From Entering Into Certain Immigration Enforcement Agreements and Using Public Property for Immigration-Related Detainment Bill Passed - House (40 - 29)
1/28 SB 254 Prohibits Undocumented Immigrants From Receiving Public Benefits Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 9)
1/28 HB 1343 Authorizes the Indiana National Guard to Establish a Military Police Force Bill Passed - House (67 - 29)
1/27 HB 4433 Expands the State Definition of Human Smuggling to Include Harboring and Assisting Undocumented Immigrants Bill Passed - House (81 - 9)
1/26 SB 76 Expands Requirements for State and Local Government Entities to Cooperate with Federal Immigration Enforcement Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 7)
1/22 HR 7147 Making further consolidated appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2026, and for other purposes Bill Passed - House (220 - 207)
1/22 H Con Res 68 To direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from Venezuela that have not been authorized by Congress. Joint Resolution Failed - House (215 - 215)
1/15 HB 197 Requires Businesses of All Sizes to Use the E-Verify System to Check Worker Eligibility Bill Passed - House (80 - 30)
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