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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
June 17, 2025 NY S 6360 Amends and Clarifies Provisions Regarding the Use of Crossbows for Hunting Bill Passed - Senate (57 - 2)
June 16, 2025 ME LD 297 Extends Certain Provisions Relating to the Management of Wastewater Treatment Plant Sludge at the State-Owned Landfill in Maine Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (24 - 10)
June 16, 2025 NY S 8012 Amends the Valuation of Renewable Energy in New York Bill Passed - House (88 - 56)
June 12, 2025 NY S 2057 Prohibits any Person from Selling or Offering for Sale a Personal Care Product or Cosmetic Product Containing a Restricted Substance as an Intentionally Added Ingredient in any Amount or Lead Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 10)
June 11, 2025 ME LD 297 Extends Certain Provisions Relating to the Management of Wastewater Treatment Plant Sludge at the State-Owned Landfill in Maine "Ought to Pass as Amended" Report Adopted - House (85 - 57)
June 10, 2025 LA HB 692 Establishes Energy Policy Regarding Affordable, Reliable Power Sources and Grid Resilience Concurrence Vote Passed - House (83 - 17)
June 10, 2025 National PN 13-6 Nomination of David Fotouhi to be Deputy Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 41)
June 10, 2025 NC SB 266 Repeals North Carolina's Interim 2030 Carbon-Reduction Mandate Bill Passed - House (75 - 36)
June 10, 2025 DE SB 159 Authorizes Renewable Energy Substations in Industrial Zones Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 5)
June 10, 2025 NY S 8012 Amends the Valuation of Renewable Energy in New York Bill Passed - Senate (43 - 15)
June 9, 2025 National PN 13-6 Nomination of David Fotouhi to be Deputy Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 43)
June 8, 2025 LA HB 581 Prohibits the Outdoor Release of Lighter-Than-Air Balloons Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
June 5, 2025 CA AB 825 Establishes the Independent System Operator as a Regional Organization Bill Passed - House (57 - 5)
June 4, 2025 CT HB 7231 Authorizes Sunday Hunting on Private Land Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 4)
June 4, 2025 CT HB 5004 Establishes a New Goal of Net-Zero Greenhouse Gas Emissions Statewide by 2050 Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 10)
June 4, 2025 CA SB 254 Establishes the Policy-Oriented and Wildfire Electric Reimbursement (POWER) Program Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 10)
June 3, 2025 CA AB 942 Prohibits New Eligible Customer-Generators from Receiving Solar Credit when Purchasing Real Property Bill Passed - House (46 - 14)
June 3, 2025 CT HB 7087 Establishes a Community Solar Program Available to All Classes of Taxpayers, and Authorizes Solar Installation on Underutilized Spaces Bill Passed - House (103 - 42)
June 3, 2025 RI H 5310 Establishes Reforms to the Rhode Island Housing and Conservation Trust Fund Bill Passed - House (59 - 10)
June 3, 2025 RI S 938 Establishes Green Crab Harvesting Rules and Commercial License Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 0)
June 2, 2025 CA AB 954 Establishes 2 Regional Bike Highways Bill Passed - House (59 - 19)
June 2, 2025 CA SB 831 Expands the Duties of the Department of Conservation to Review Geologic Hazards that May Occur in Relation to Climate Change Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 0)
June 2, 2025 CA AB 399 Authorizes the California Coastal Commission to Make Blue Carbon Demonstration Projects Bill Passed - House (54 - 18)
June 2, 2025 CA AB 823 Prohibits the Sale of Personal Care Products that Contain Plastic Glitter or Plastic Micro-Beads Bill Passed - House (63 - 10)
June 2, 2025 CA AB 1 Requires Wildfire Regulations to be Updated Bill Passed - House (79 - 0)
May 31, 2025 IL HB 2987 Establishes the Warehouse Tornado Preparedness Act Concurrence Vote Passed - House (99 - 15)
May 29, 2025 TX HB 1690 Authorizes Notice Requirements for Groundwater Transfer Permit Applications Across Conservation Districts Concurrence Vote Passed - House (133 - 1)
May 29, 2025 TX HJR 7 Appropriates Billions of Dollars to Stave off a Looming Water Crisis Concurrence Vote Passed - House (122 - 2)
May 29, 2025 LA SB 46 Prohibits the Intentional Release of, or Dispersion of Chemicals into the Environment of Effecting Temperature State. Bill Passed - House (58 - 33)
May 29, 2025 IL HB 2987 Establishes the Warehouse Tornado Preparedness Act Bill Passed - Senate (51 - 2)
May 28, 2025 TX HB 4530 Amends Water Rights Placed in the Texas Water Trust and the Texas Water Bank Concurrence Vote Passed - House (90 - 42)
May 28, 2025 TX SB 1758 Limits the Liability of Kiln Operators Whose Activities Cause Seismic Disturbances in Texas Bill Passed - House (115 - 24)
May 28, 2025 CT SB 9 Requires Flood Risk Disclosure and Strengthens Towns Against Rising Sea Levels Bill Passed - House (115 - 33)
May 28, 2025 CT HB 7231 Authorizes Sunday Hunting on Private Land Bill Passed - House (101 - 45)
May 28, 2025 NY S 1464 Establishes Regulations Regarding Commercial Packaging and Recyclability Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 25)
May 27, 2025 OR SB 551 Prohibits All Plastic Bags at Checkout Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (22 - 8)
May 27, 2025 TX HB 1690 Authorizes Notice Requirements for Groundwater Transfer Permit Applications Across Conservation Districts Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 1)
May 26, 2025 TX SB 7 Appropriates Billions of Dollars to Support Water Infrastructure and Potential Water Drought Bill Passed - House (143 - 3)
May 22, 2025 National S J Res 31 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Review of Final Rule Reclassification of Major Sources as Area Sources Under Section 112 of the Clean Air Act". Joint Resolution Passed - House (216 - 212)
May 22, 2025 National H J Res 87 Providing congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "California State Motor Vehicle and Engine Pollution Control Standards; Heavy-Duty Vehicle and Engine Emission Warranty and Maintenance Provisions; Advanced Clean Trucks; Zero Emission Airport Shuttle; Zero-Emission Power Train Certification; Waiver of Preemption; Notice of Decision". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (51 - 45)
May 22, 2025 National H J Res 89 Providing congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "California State Motor Vehicle and Engine and Nonroad Engine Pollution Control Standards; The 'Omnibus' Low NOX Regulation; Waiver of Preemption; Notice of Decision". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (49 - 46)
May 22, 2025 National H J Res 88 Providing congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "California State Motor Vehicle and Engine Pollution Control Standards; Advanced Clean Cars II; Waiver of Preemption; Notice of Decision". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (51 - 44)
May 22, 2025 National H J Res 89 Providing congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "California State Motor Vehicle and Engine and Nonroad Engine Pollution Control Standards; The 'Omnibus' Low NOX Regulation; Waiver of Preemption; Notice of Decision". Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 46)
May 22, 2025 National H J Res 87 Providing congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "California State Motor Vehicle and Engine Pollution Control Standards; Heavy-Duty Vehicle and Engine Emission Warranty and Maintenance Provisions; Advanced Clean Trucks; Zero Emission Airport Shuttle; Zero-Emission Power Train Certification; Waiver of Preemption; Notice of Decision". Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 46)
May 22, 2025 NV AB 96 Requires Municipalities to Include a Heat Mitigation Plan in Their Master Plans Bill Passed - Senate (14 - 7)
May 21, 2025 National H J Res 88 Providing congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "California State Motor Vehicle and Engine Pollution Control Standards; Advanced Clean Cars II; Waiver of Preemption; Notice of Decision". Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 46)
May 21, 2025 TX SB 1253 Establishes Conservation and Reuse Credits Against Water and Wastewater Fees Bill Passed - House (112 - 28)
May 21, 2025 OR SB 551 Prohibits All Plastic Bags at Checkout Bill Passed - House (33 - 19)
May 21, 2025 NV AB 244 Prohibits Chain Restaurants from Using Disposable Foam Containers Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 4)
May 21, 2025 NY S 187 Prohibits Products Containing Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl in New York Bill Passed - Senate (47 - 12)
Date No. Title Outcome
6/17 S 6360 Amends and Clarifies Provisions Regarding the Use of Crossbows for Hunting Bill Passed - Senate (57 - 2)
6/16 LD 297 Extends Certain Provisions Relating to the Management of Wastewater Treatment Plant Sludge at the State-Owned Landfill in Maine Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (24 - 10)
6/16 S 8012 Amends the Valuation of Renewable Energy in New York Bill Passed - House (88 - 56)
6/12 S 2057 Prohibits any Person from Selling or Offering for Sale a Personal Care Product or Cosmetic Product Containing a Restricted Substance as an Intentionally Added Ingredient in any Amount or Lead Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 10)
6/11 LD 297 Extends Certain Provisions Relating to the Management of Wastewater Treatment Plant Sludge at the State-Owned Landfill in Maine "Ought to Pass as Amended" Report Adopted - House (85 - 57)
6/10 HB 692 Establishes Energy Policy Regarding Affordable, Reliable Power Sources and Grid Resilience Concurrence Vote Passed - House (83 - 17)
6/10 PN 13-6 Nomination of David Fotouhi to be Deputy Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 41)
6/10 SB 266 Repeals North Carolina's Interim 2030 Carbon-Reduction Mandate Bill Passed - House (75 - 36)
6/10 SB 159 Authorizes Renewable Energy Substations in Industrial Zones Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 5)
6/10 S 8012 Amends the Valuation of Renewable Energy in New York Bill Passed - Senate (43 - 15)
6/09 PN 13-6 Nomination of David Fotouhi to be Deputy Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 43)
6/08 HB 581 Prohibits the Outdoor Release of Lighter-Than-Air Balloons Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
6/05 AB 825 Establishes the Independent System Operator as a Regional Organization Bill Passed - House (57 - 5)
6/04 HB 7231 Authorizes Sunday Hunting on Private Land Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 4)
6/04 HB 5004 Establishes a New Goal of Net-Zero Greenhouse Gas Emissions Statewide by 2050 Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 10)
6/04 SB 254 Establishes the Policy-Oriented and Wildfire Electric Reimbursement (POWER) Program Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 10)
6/03 AB 942 Prohibits New Eligible Customer-Generators from Receiving Solar Credit when Purchasing Real Property Bill Passed - House (46 - 14)
6/03 HB 7087 Establishes a Community Solar Program Available to All Classes of Taxpayers, and Authorizes Solar Installation on Underutilized Spaces Bill Passed - House (103 - 42)
6/03 H 5310 Establishes Reforms to the Rhode Island Housing and Conservation Trust Fund Bill Passed - House (59 - 10)
6/03 S 938 Establishes Green Crab Harvesting Rules and Commercial License Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 0)
6/02 AB 954 Establishes 2 Regional Bike Highways Bill Passed - House (59 - 19)
6/02 SB 831 Expands the Duties of the Department of Conservation to Review Geologic Hazards that May Occur in Relation to Climate Change Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 0)
6/02 AB 399 Authorizes the California Coastal Commission to Make Blue Carbon Demonstration Projects Bill Passed - House (54 - 18)
6/02 AB 823 Prohibits the Sale of Personal Care Products that Contain Plastic Glitter or Plastic Micro-Beads Bill Passed - House (63 - 10)
6/02 AB 1 Requires Wildfire Regulations to be Updated Bill Passed - House (79 - 0)
5/31 HB 2987 Establishes the Warehouse Tornado Preparedness Act Concurrence Vote Passed - House (99 - 15)
5/29 HB 1690 Authorizes Notice Requirements for Groundwater Transfer Permit Applications Across Conservation Districts Concurrence Vote Passed - House (133 - 1)
5/29 HJR 7 Appropriates Billions of Dollars to Stave off a Looming Water Crisis Concurrence Vote Passed - House (122 - 2)
5/29 SB 46 Prohibits the Intentional Release of, or Dispersion of Chemicals into the Environment of Effecting Temperature State. Bill Passed - House (58 - 33)
5/29 HB 2987 Establishes the Warehouse Tornado Preparedness Act Bill Passed - Senate (51 - 2)
5/28 HB 4530 Amends Water Rights Placed in the Texas Water Trust and the Texas Water Bank Concurrence Vote Passed - House (90 - 42)
5/28 SB 1758 Limits the Liability of Kiln Operators Whose Activities Cause Seismic Disturbances in Texas Bill Passed - House (115 - 24)
5/28 SB 9 Requires Flood Risk Disclosure and Strengthens Towns Against Rising Sea Levels Bill Passed - House (115 - 33)
5/28 HB 7231 Authorizes Sunday Hunting on Private Land Bill Passed - House (101 - 45)
5/28 S 1464 Establishes Regulations Regarding Commercial Packaging and Recyclability Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 25)
5/27 SB 551 Prohibits All Plastic Bags at Checkout Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (22 - 8)
5/27 HB 1690 Authorizes Notice Requirements for Groundwater Transfer Permit Applications Across Conservation Districts Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 1)
5/26 SB 7 Appropriates Billions of Dollars to Support Water Infrastructure and Potential Water Drought Bill Passed - House (143 - 3)
5/22 S J Res 31 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Review of Final Rule Reclassification of Major Sources as Area Sources Under Section 112 of the Clean Air Act". Joint Resolution Passed - House (216 - 212)
5/22 H J Res 87 Providing congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "California State Motor Vehicle and Engine Pollution Control Standards; Heavy-Duty Vehicle and Engine Emission Warranty and Maintenance Provisions; Advanced Clean Trucks; Zero Emission Airport Shuttle; Zero-Emission Power Train Certification; Waiver of Preemption; Notice of Decision". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (51 - 45)
5/22 H J Res 89 Providing congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "California State Motor Vehicle and Engine and Nonroad Engine Pollution Control Standards; The 'Omnibus' Low NOX Regulation; Waiver of Preemption; Notice of Decision". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (49 - 46)
5/22 H J Res 88 Providing congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "California State Motor Vehicle and Engine Pollution Control Standards; Advanced Clean Cars II; Waiver of Preemption; Notice of Decision". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (51 - 44)
5/22 H J Res 89 Providing congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "California State Motor Vehicle and Engine and Nonroad Engine Pollution Control Standards; The 'Omnibus' Low NOX Regulation; Waiver of Preemption; Notice of Decision". Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 46)
5/22 H J Res 87 Providing congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "California State Motor Vehicle and Engine Pollution Control Standards; Heavy-Duty Vehicle and Engine Emission Warranty and Maintenance Provisions; Advanced Clean Trucks; Zero Emission Airport Shuttle; Zero-Emission Power Train Certification; Waiver of Preemption; Notice of Decision". Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 46)
5/22 AB 96 Requires Municipalities to Include a Heat Mitigation Plan in Their Master Plans Bill Passed - Senate (14 - 7)
5/21 H J Res 88 Providing congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "California State Motor Vehicle and Engine Pollution Control Standards; Advanced Clean Cars II; Waiver of Preemption; Notice of Decision". Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 46)
5/21 SB 1253 Establishes Conservation and Reuse Credits Against Water and Wastewater Fees Bill Passed - House (112 - 28)
5/21 SB 551 Prohibits All Plastic Bags at Checkout Bill Passed - House (33 - 19)
5/21 AB 244 Prohibits Chain Restaurants from Using Disposable Foam Containers Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 4)
5/21 S 187 Prohibits Products Containing Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl in New York Bill Passed - Senate (47 - 12)
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