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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Sept. 9, 2025 CA SB 640 Establishes a Direct Admission Program for In-State High School Students to be Admitted to a Designated California State University Campus Bill Passed - House (80 - 0)
Sept. 4, 2025 MI HB 4024 Require Public Education Institutions in Michigan to Ensure Student Privacy from Students of the Opposite Sex in Multiple-Occupancy Restrooms, Changing Areas, and Similar Facilities Bill Passed - House (58 - 46)
Sept. 4, 2025 MI HB 4024 Require Public Education Institutions in Michigan to Ensure Student Privacy from Students of the Opposite Sex in Multiple-Occupancy Restrooms, Changing Areas, and Similar Facilities Bill Passed - House (58 - 46)
Sept. 4, 2025 MI HB 4024 Require Public Education Institutions in Michigan to Ensure Student Privacy from Students of the Opposite Sex in Multiple-Occupancy Restrooms, Changing Areas, and Similar Facilities Bill Passed - House (58 - 46)
Sept. 2, 2025 CA AB 49 Prohibits School Officials From Allowing an Immigration Authority Onto a Nonpublic School Site Without a Warrant or Court Order Concurrence Vote Passed - House (61 - 7)
Sept. 2, 2025 CA SB 98 Requires School Districts and Certain Universities to Notify Students, Faculty, and Other Campus Members When Federal Immigration Enforcement is Present Bill Passed - House (59 - 10)
Sept. 2, 2025 CA SB 98 Requires School Districts and Certain Universities to Notify Students, Faculty, and Other Campus Members When Federal Immigration Enforcement is Present Bill Passed - House (59 - 10)
Sept. 2, 2025 CA SB 98 Requires School Districts and Certain Universities to Notify Students, Faculty, and Other Campus Members When Federal Immigration Enforcement is Present Bill Passed - House (59 - 10)
Aug. 26, 2025 TX HB 8 Repeals the STAAR Academic Test and Replaces it With 3 Smaller Tests Taken Throughout the Year Bill Passed - House (82 - 56)
Aug. 26, 2025 TX HB 8 Repeals the STAAR Academic Test and Replaces it With 3 Smaller Tests Taken Throughout the Year Bill Passed - House (82 - 56)
July 30, 2025 NC HB 87 Authorizes the State to Participate in the One Big Beautiful Bill's Educational Choice Incentive Concurrence Vote Passed - House (69 - 47)
July 29, 2025 NC SB 254 Authorizes the Charter Schools Review Board to Propose, Recommend, and Approve Rules and Policies Regarding all Aspects of Charter School Operation Veto Override Passed - House (74 - 46)
July 29, 2025 NC SB 254 Authorizes the Charter Schools Review Board to Propose, Recommend, and Approve Rules and Policies Regarding all Aspects of Charter School Operation Veto Override Passed - House (74 - 46)
July 24, 2025 MI HB 4141 Requires the Board of a School District or Board of Directors of a Public School to Implement a Wireless Communications Device Policy Bill Passed - House (53 - 45)
July 24, 2025 MI HB 4141 Requires the Board of a School District or Board of Directors of a Public School to Implement a Wireless Communications Device Policy Bill Passed - House (53 - 45)
July 7, 2025 PA HB 1505 Extends State Pre-K Counts Grant Eligibility to Intermediate Units Bill Passed - House (202 - 1)
July 1, 2025 NJ S 3910 Establishes The New Jersey Universal Preschool and Kindergarten Act Bill Passed - House (53 - 25)
July 1, 2025 NJ S 3910 Establishes The New Jersey Universal Preschool and Kindergarten Act Bill Passed - House (53 - 25)
June 30, 2025 PA HB 354 Establishes the "What is Your Pennsylvania Story" School Program Concurrence Vote Passed - House (199 - 4)
June 30, 2025 NJ A 1682 Requires Labor Movement History be Included in Social Studies Curriculum for Grades 6-12 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (76 - 3)
June 30, 2025 NJ S 2335 Requires School Districts to Provide Instruction on the History of Latinos and Hispanics as Part of Implementation of New Jersey Student Learning Standards Bill Passed - House (73 - 1)
June 27, 2025 CA AB 123 Appropriates Funding for the 2025 State Higher Education budget Concurrence Vote Passed - House (76 - 1)
June 27, 2025 CA SB 120 Appropriates Funds for Early Childhood Education and Childcare Bill Passed - House (69 - 1)
June 27, 2025 TX SJR 59 Establishes the Permanent Technical Institution Infrastructure Fund and the Available Workforce Education Fund as Special Funds to Fund Capital Projects and Equipment Purchases Related to Educational Programs Offered by the Texas State Technical College System Bill Passed - House (110 - 16)
June 27, 2025 TX SJR 59 Establishes the Permanent Technical Institution Infrastructure Fund and the Available Workforce Education Fund as Special Funds to Fund Capital Projects and Equipment Purchases Related to Educational Programs Offered by the Texas State Technical College System Bill Passed - House (110 - 16)
June 26, 2025 NH HB 273 Requires Public Libraries to Make Minor's Borrowing Histories Available to Their Parents or Legal Guardians Upon Request Conference Report Adopted - House (201 - 165)
June 26, 2025 NC HB 694 Requires the Environmental Finance Center at UNC Chapel Hill to Study Water and Wastewater Regionalization Concurrence Vote Passed - House (66 - 42)
June 25, 2025 NC SB 254 Authorizes the Charter Schools Review Board to Propose, Recommend, and Approve Rules and Policies Regarding all Aspects of Charter School Operation Conference Report Adopted - House (73 - 36)
June 25, 2025 NC SB 254 Authorizes the Charter Schools Review Board to Propose, Recommend, and Approve Rules and Policies Regarding all Aspects of Charter School Operation Conference Report Adopted - House (73 - 36)
June 25, 2025 ME LD 747 Appropriates Funding to Reduce Student Homelessness (89 - 51)
June 25, 2025 NC SB 558 Prohibits Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Public Higher Education Bill Passed - House (64 - 47)
June 25, 2025 NC SB 227 Prohibits Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Instruction in K-12 Education Bill Passed - House (67 - 48)
June 24, 2025 PA HB 17 Requires Instruction of Cursive Handwriting in Elementary Schools Bill Passed - House (195 - 8)
June 24, 2025 PA HB 17 Requires Instruction of Cursive Handwriting in Elementary Schools Bill Passed - House (195 - 8)
June 23, 2025 National HR 3422 Promoting Opportunities for Non-Traditional Capital Formation Act Bill Passed - House (321 - 87)
June 18, 2025 RI S 238 Establishes Protections Against the Censorship of Library Materials Bill Passed - House (60 - 11)
June 18, 2025 RI H 5421 Requires Video Monitoring Systems on All School Buses Bill Passed - House (69 - 2)
June 18, 2025 MA H 4227 Appropriates Funds for Transportation and Education for Fiscal Year 2025 Bill Passed - House (148 - 4)
June 17, 2025 NY S 8344 Extends Provisions and Makes Technical Corrections to School Speed Zones in NYC Bill Passed - House (110 - 31)
June 17, 2025 NY S 1099 Requires the Commissioner of Education to Develop Policies to Ensure That School Libraries Have Access to the Widest Selection of Materials Available Bill Passed - House (89 - 46)
June 17, 2025 NY S 1099 Requires the Commissioner of Education to Develop Policies to Ensure That School Libraries Have Access to the Widest Selection of Materials Available Bill Passed - House (89 - 46)
June 17, 2025 DE HB 91 Appropriates $3.2 million for All Public Schools to Offer Free Breakfast, Regardless of a Student's Income Level Bill Passed - House (35 - 1)
June 16, 2025 VT H 454 Amends and Modifies Provisions Related to Education Governance, Quality, and Finance Systems Conference Report Adopted - House (96 - 45)
June 16, 2025 OR SB 141 Establishes a Statewide Education Accountability System Bill Passed - House (39 - 15)
June 12, 2025 MI HB 4579 Appropriates Funding for the State Community College Budget Bill Passed - House (56 - 41)
June 12, 2025 MI HB 4580 Reduces Operational Funding Budgets for Higher Education Institutions Bill Passed - House (56 - 41)
June 11, 2025 MI HB 4578 Appropriates Funding for the Michigan Department of Lifelong Education, Advancement, and Potential Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
June 11, 2025 MI HB 4577 Appropriates Funding for Michigan's K-12 Public Schools Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
June 11, 2025 OH HB 3 Establishes the School Bus Safety Act Bill Passed - House (90 - 0)
June 11, 2025 MI HB 4576 Appropriates Funding for the State Department of Education Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
Date No. Title Outcome
9/09 SB 640 Establishes a Direct Admission Program for In-State High School Students to be Admitted to a Designated California State University Campus Bill Passed - House (80 - 0)
9/04 HB 4024 Require Public Education Institutions in Michigan to Ensure Student Privacy from Students of the Opposite Sex in Multiple-Occupancy Restrooms, Changing Areas, and Similar Facilities Bill Passed - House (58 - 46)
9/04 HB 4024 Require Public Education Institutions in Michigan to Ensure Student Privacy from Students of the Opposite Sex in Multiple-Occupancy Restrooms, Changing Areas, and Similar Facilities Bill Passed - House (58 - 46)
9/04 HB 4024 Require Public Education Institutions in Michigan to Ensure Student Privacy from Students of the Opposite Sex in Multiple-Occupancy Restrooms, Changing Areas, and Similar Facilities Bill Passed - House (58 - 46)
9/02 AB 49 Prohibits School Officials From Allowing an Immigration Authority Onto a Nonpublic School Site Without a Warrant or Court Order Concurrence Vote Passed - House (61 - 7)
9/02 SB 98 Requires School Districts and Certain Universities to Notify Students, Faculty, and Other Campus Members When Federal Immigration Enforcement is Present Bill Passed - House (59 - 10)
9/02 SB 98 Requires School Districts and Certain Universities to Notify Students, Faculty, and Other Campus Members When Federal Immigration Enforcement is Present Bill Passed - House (59 - 10)
9/02 SB 98 Requires School Districts and Certain Universities to Notify Students, Faculty, and Other Campus Members When Federal Immigration Enforcement is Present Bill Passed - House (59 - 10)
8/26 HB 8 Repeals the STAAR Academic Test and Replaces it With 3 Smaller Tests Taken Throughout the Year Bill Passed - House (82 - 56)
8/26 HB 8 Repeals the STAAR Academic Test and Replaces it With 3 Smaller Tests Taken Throughout the Year Bill Passed - House (82 - 56)
7/30 HB 87 Authorizes the State to Participate in the One Big Beautiful Bill's Educational Choice Incentive Concurrence Vote Passed - House (69 - 47)
7/29 SB 254 Authorizes the Charter Schools Review Board to Propose, Recommend, and Approve Rules and Policies Regarding all Aspects of Charter School Operation Veto Override Passed - House (74 - 46)
7/29 SB 254 Authorizes the Charter Schools Review Board to Propose, Recommend, and Approve Rules and Policies Regarding all Aspects of Charter School Operation Veto Override Passed - House (74 - 46)
7/24 HB 4141 Requires the Board of a School District or Board of Directors of a Public School to Implement a Wireless Communications Device Policy Bill Passed - House (53 - 45)
7/24 HB 4141 Requires the Board of a School District or Board of Directors of a Public School to Implement a Wireless Communications Device Policy Bill Passed - House (53 - 45)
7/07 HB 1505 Extends State Pre-K Counts Grant Eligibility to Intermediate Units Bill Passed - House (202 - 1)
7/01 S 3910 Establishes The New Jersey Universal Preschool and Kindergarten Act Bill Passed - House (53 - 25)
7/01 S 3910 Establishes The New Jersey Universal Preschool and Kindergarten Act Bill Passed - House (53 - 25)
6/30 HB 354 Establishes the "What is Your Pennsylvania Story" School Program Concurrence Vote Passed - House (199 - 4)
6/30 A 1682 Requires Labor Movement History be Included in Social Studies Curriculum for Grades 6-12 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (76 - 3)
6/30 S 2335 Requires School Districts to Provide Instruction on the History of Latinos and Hispanics as Part of Implementation of New Jersey Student Learning Standards Bill Passed - House (73 - 1)
6/27 AB 123 Appropriates Funding for the 2025 State Higher Education budget Concurrence Vote Passed - House (76 - 1)
6/27 SB 120 Appropriates Funds for Early Childhood Education and Childcare Bill Passed - House (69 - 1)
6/27 SJR 59 Establishes the Permanent Technical Institution Infrastructure Fund and the Available Workforce Education Fund as Special Funds to Fund Capital Projects and Equipment Purchases Related to Educational Programs Offered by the Texas State Technical College System Bill Passed - House (110 - 16)
6/27 SJR 59 Establishes the Permanent Technical Institution Infrastructure Fund and the Available Workforce Education Fund as Special Funds to Fund Capital Projects and Equipment Purchases Related to Educational Programs Offered by the Texas State Technical College System Bill Passed - House (110 - 16)
6/26 HB 273 Requires Public Libraries to Make Minor's Borrowing Histories Available to Their Parents or Legal Guardians Upon Request Conference Report Adopted - House (201 - 165)
6/26 HB 694 Requires the Environmental Finance Center at UNC Chapel Hill to Study Water and Wastewater Regionalization Concurrence Vote Passed - House (66 - 42)
6/25 SB 254 Authorizes the Charter Schools Review Board to Propose, Recommend, and Approve Rules and Policies Regarding all Aspects of Charter School Operation Conference Report Adopted - House (73 - 36)
6/25 SB 254 Authorizes the Charter Schools Review Board to Propose, Recommend, and Approve Rules and Policies Regarding all Aspects of Charter School Operation Conference Report Adopted - House (73 - 36)
6/25 LD 747 Appropriates Funding to Reduce Student Homelessness (89 - 51)
6/25 SB 558 Prohibits Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Public Higher Education Bill Passed - House (64 - 47)
6/25 SB 227 Prohibits Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Instruction in K-12 Education Bill Passed - House (67 - 48)
6/24 HB 17 Requires Instruction of Cursive Handwriting in Elementary Schools Bill Passed - House (195 - 8)
6/24 HB 17 Requires Instruction of Cursive Handwriting in Elementary Schools Bill Passed - House (195 - 8)
6/23 HR 3422 Promoting Opportunities for Non-Traditional Capital Formation Act Bill Passed - House (321 - 87)
6/18 S 238 Establishes Protections Against the Censorship of Library Materials Bill Passed - House (60 - 11)
6/18 H 5421 Requires Video Monitoring Systems on All School Buses Bill Passed - House (69 - 2)
6/18 H 4227 Appropriates Funds for Transportation and Education for Fiscal Year 2025 Bill Passed - House (148 - 4)
6/17 S 8344 Extends Provisions and Makes Technical Corrections to School Speed Zones in NYC Bill Passed - House (110 - 31)
6/17 S 1099 Requires the Commissioner of Education to Develop Policies to Ensure That School Libraries Have Access to the Widest Selection of Materials Available Bill Passed - House (89 - 46)
6/17 S 1099 Requires the Commissioner of Education to Develop Policies to Ensure That School Libraries Have Access to the Widest Selection of Materials Available Bill Passed - House (89 - 46)
6/17 HB 91 Appropriates $3.2 million for All Public Schools to Offer Free Breakfast, Regardless of a Student's Income Level Bill Passed - House (35 - 1)
6/16 H 454 Amends and Modifies Provisions Related to Education Governance, Quality, and Finance Systems Conference Report Adopted - House (96 - 45)
6/16 SB 141 Establishes a Statewide Education Accountability System Bill Passed - House (39 - 15)
6/12 HB 4579 Appropriates Funding for the State Community College Budget Bill Passed - House (56 - 41)
6/12 HB 4580 Reduces Operational Funding Budgets for Higher Education Institutions Bill Passed - House (56 - 41)
6/11 HB 4578 Appropriates Funding for the Michigan Department of Lifelong Education, Advancement, and Potential Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
6/11 HB 4577 Appropriates Funding for Michigan's K-12 Public Schools Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
6/11 HB 3 Establishes the School Bus Safety Act Bill Passed - House (90 - 0)
6/11 HB 4576 Appropriates Funding for the State Department of Education Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
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