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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
May 12, 2025 MO HB 419 Repeals the University of Missouri System's Exclusive Authority to Grant Research Doctorates and certain Professional Degrees Concurrence Vote Passed - House (149 - 7)
May 12, 2025 MO HB 419 Repeals the University of Missouri System's Exclusive Authority to Grant Research Doctorates and certain Professional Degrees Concurrence Vote Passed - House (149 - 7)
May 12, 2025 OR SB 867 Expands the Department of Education's Authority to Investigate Cases of Abuse and Sexual Conduct Bill Passed - House (35 - 15)
May 9, 2025 IA HF 856 Prohibits Certain Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Initiatives and Offices in Private and Community Colleges Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 16)
May 9, 2025 TX HB 353 Establishes Criminal Penalty for Trespassing Near Schools or Day-Care Centers Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 2)
May 8, 2025 National S J Res 7 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Federal Communications Commission relating to "Addressing the Homework Gap Through the E-Rate Program". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 38)
May 8, 2025 CT SB 1234 Prohibits Libraries From Agreeing To Certain Terms In Electronic Book And Digital Audiobook License Agreements Or Contracts Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 1)
May 8, 2025 LA SB 234 Establishes and Provides for the St. George Community School System Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 4)
May 8, 2025 LA SB 234 Establishes and Provides for the St. George Community School System Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 4)
May 7, 2025 CO HB 25-1320 Establishes a Temporary, Transitional Funding System for Public Schools Concurrence Vote Passed - House (57 - 8)
May 7, 2025 CO HB 25-1192 Amends the Colorado Revised Statutes to Include New Financial Literacy Standards as a High School Graduation Requirement Concurrence Vote Passed - House (55 - 10)
May 7, 2025 CO HB 25-1192 Amends the Colorado Revised Statutes to Include New Financial Literacy Standards as a High School Graduation Requirement Concurrence Vote Passed - House (55 - 10)
May 7, 2025 CO HB 25-1320 Establishes a Temporary, Transitional Funding System for Public Schools Concurrence Vote Passed - House (57 - 8)
May 7, 2025 CO HB 25-1274 Authorizes the Colorado Secretary of State to Issue Ballot Measures to Fund the Universal School Meals Program Concurrence Vote Passed - House
May 7, 2025 CO SB 25-154 Reduces Testing Requirements for Teaching Licenses Bill Passed - House (45 - 18)
May 7, 2025 NC SB 280 Authorizes School Administrators to Give Consent to Employees and Volunteers to Possess Handguns and Stun Guns on School Grounds Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 18)
May 7, 2025 AL HB 166 Prohibits Students from Using Cell Phones During Classes Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 2)
May 7, 2025 National HR 881 DHS Restrictions on Confucius Institutes and Chinese Entities of Concern Act Bill Passed - House (266 - 153)
May 7, 2025 OH HB 57 Authorizes K-12 Schools to Store and Use Opioid Reversal Drugs (Naloxone) Bill Passed - House (96 - 0)
May 6, 2025 CO HB 25-1192 Amends the Colorado Revised Statutes to Include New Financial Literacy Standards as a High School Graduation Requirement (26 - 9)
May 6, 2025 CO HB 25-1192 Amends the Colorado Revised Statutes to Include New Financial Literacy Standards as a High School Graduation Requirement (26 - 9)
May 6, 2025 CO HB 25-1274 Authorizes the Colorado Secretary of State to Issue Ballot Measures to Fund the Universal School Meals Program Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 11)
May 6, 2025 AL SB 196 Establishes the Move on When Ready Program for High School Juniors and Seniors to Earn College Credit Before Graduation Bill Passed - House (100 - 2)
May 6, 2025 AL SB 196 Establishes the Move on When Ready Program for High School Juniors and Seniors to Earn College Credit Before Graduation Bill Passed - House (100 - 2)
May 6, 2025 AL SB 196 Establishes the Move on When Ready Program for High School Juniors and Seniors to Earn College Credit Before Graduation Bill Passed - House (100 - 2)
May 6, 2025 AZ SB 1097 Requires Arizona Schools to Close on Election Days to Serve as Polling Places Bill Passed - House (31 - 23)
May 6, 2025 National S J Res 7 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Federal Communications Commission relating to "Addressing the Homework Gap Through the E-Rate Program". Motion Agreed - Senate (53 - 47)
May 6, 2025 PA SB 9 Prohibits Transgender Girls from Participating on Female Sports Teams in Public Schools Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 18)
May 6, 2025 PA HB 265 Extends Existing Unemployment Benefits to Apply to School Employees Even When They Can Reasonably Expect to Return to Their Jobs Bill Passed - House (105 - 98)
May 2, 2025 FL HB 1427 Requires Nursing Schools with Passage Rates 10% Below the National Average be Placed on Probation Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 5)
May 1, 2025 SC S 62 Establishes a State Education Scholarship Trust Fund to Authorize Private School Tuition Payments Concurrence Vote Passed - House (73 - 32)
May 1, 2025 SC S 62 Establishes a State Education Scholarship Trust Fund to Authorize Private School Tuition Payments Concurrence Vote Passed - House (73 - 32)
May 1, 2025 ND SB 2354 Requires All Public and Private Schools to Follow the Statewide Student Cellphone Ban Concurrence Vote Passed - House (73 - 17)
May 1, 2025 AL SB 140 Requires the Alabama Department of Public Health to Enforce the Coach Safely Act Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (30 - 0)
May 1, 2025 MO HB 419 Repeals the University of Missouri System's Exclusive Authority to Grant Research Doctorates and certain Professional Degrees Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 4)
May 1, 2025 MO HB 419 Repeals the University of Missouri System's Exclusive Authority to Grant Research Doctorates and certain Professional Degrees Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 4)
May 1, 2025 AZ SB 1003 Prohibits Individuals from Using Locker Rooms or Bathrooms that Do Not Match Their Biological Sex Bill Passed - House (31 - 27)
May 1, 2025 AZ SB 1002 Requires School Workers Refer to Individuals Based on Their Gender at Birth Unless Parental Consent is Given Bill Passed - House (31 - 27)
May 1, 2025 AZ SB 1508 Requires School District Boards to Define Bullying and Cyberbullying Bill Failed - House (21 - 37)
April 30, 2025 HI SB 1300 Extends and Expands Free School Meal Coverage Concurrence Vote Passed - House (48 - 1)
April 30, 2025 HI HB 692 Extends and Expands the Preschool Open Doors Program's Eligibility Criteria Concurrence Vote Passed - House (49 - 1)
April 30, 2025 AK HB 57 Increases the Basic Input Into the State's Public School Funding Formula for the Base Student Allocation by $700 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (31 - 8)
April 30, 2025 AK HB 57 Increases the Basic Input Into the State's Public School Funding Formula for the Base Student Allocation by $700 Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 3)
April 30, 2025 OK SB 942 Requires Public Schools and Higher Education Institutions to Integrate the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA) Definition of Antisemitism into Their Codes of Conduct Bill Passed - House (56 - 29)
April 30, 2025 NC SB 754 Authorizes Flexibility within School Calendars, and Hold School District Officials Accountable for Breaking the Law Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 7)
April 30, 2025 NC SB 754 Authorizes Flexibility within School Calendars, and Hold School District Officials Accountable for Breaking the Law Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 7)
April 30, 2025 IL SB 191 Requires All School Buses in K-12 Schools To Have Seat Belts On Them Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 13)
April 30, 2025 TX HB 353 Establishes Criminal Penalty for Trespassing Near Schools or Day-Care Centers Bill Passed - House (124 - 10)
April 29, 2025 SC S 62 Establishes a State Education Scholarship Trust Fund to Authorize Private School Tuition Payments Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 11)
April 29, 2025 SC S 62 Establishes a State Education Scholarship Trust Fund to Authorize Private School Tuition Payments Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 11)
Date No. Title Outcome
5/12 HB 419 Repeals the University of Missouri System's Exclusive Authority to Grant Research Doctorates and certain Professional Degrees Concurrence Vote Passed - House (149 - 7)
5/12 HB 419 Repeals the University of Missouri System's Exclusive Authority to Grant Research Doctorates and certain Professional Degrees Concurrence Vote Passed - House (149 - 7)
5/12 SB 867 Expands the Department of Education's Authority to Investigate Cases of Abuse and Sexual Conduct Bill Passed - House (35 - 15)
5/09 HF 856 Prohibits Certain Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Initiatives and Offices in Private and Community Colleges Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 16)
5/09 HB 353 Establishes Criminal Penalty for Trespassing Near Schools or Day-Care Centers Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 2)
5/08 S J Res 7 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Federal Communications Commission relating to "Addressing the Homework Gap Through the E-Rate Program". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 38)
5/08 SB 1234 Prohibits Libraries From Agreeing To Certain Terms In Electronic Book And Digital Audiobook License Agreements Or Contracts Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 1)
5/08 SB 234 Establishes and Provides for the St. George Community School System Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 4)
5/08 SB 234 Establishes and Provides for the St. George Community School System Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 4)
5/07 HB 25-1320 Establishes a Temporary, Transitional Funding System for Public Schools Concurrence Vote Passed - House (57 - 8)
5/07 HB 25-1192 Amends the Colorado Revised Statutes to Include New Financial Literacy Standards as a High School Graduation Requirement Concurrence Vote Passed - House (55 - 10)
5/07 HB 25-1192 Amends the Colorado Revised Statutes to Include New Financial Literacy Standards as a High School Graduation Requirement Concurrence Vote Passed - House (55 - 10)
5/07 HB 25-1320 Establishes a Temporary, Transitional Funding System for Public Schools Concurrence Vote Passed - House (57 - 8)
5/07 HB 25-1274 Authorizes the Colorado Secretary of State to Issue Ballot Measures to Fund the Universal School Meals Program Concurrence Vote Passed - House
5/07 SB 25-154 Reduces Testing Requirements for Teaching Licenses Bill Passed - House (45 - 18)
5/07 SB 280 Authorizes School Administrators to Give Consent to Employees and Volunteers to Possess Handguns and Stun Guns on School Grounds Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 18)
5/07 HB 166 Prohibits Students from Using Cell Phones During Classes Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 2)
5/07 HR 881 DHS Restrictions on Confucius Institutes and Chinese Entities of Concern Act Bill Passed - House (266 - 153)
5/07 HB 57 Authorizes K-12 Schools to Store and Use Opioid Reversal Drugs (Naloxone) Bill Passed - House (96 - 0)
5/06 HB 25-1192 Amends the Colorado Revised Statutes to Include New Financial Literacy Standards as a High School Graduation Requirement (26 - 9)
5/06 HB 25-1192 Amends the Colorado Revised Statutes to Include New Financial Literacy Standards as a High School Graduation Requirement (26 - 9)
5/06 HB 25-1274 Authorizes the Colorado Secretary of State to Issue Ballot Measures to Fund the Universal School Meals Program Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 11)
5/06 SB 196 Establishes the Move on When Ready Program for High School Juniors and Seniors to Earn College Credit Before Graduation Bill Passed - House (100 - 2)
5/06 SB 196 Establishes the Move on When Ready Program for High School Juniors and Seniors to Earn College Credit Before Graduation Bill Passed - House (100 - 2)
5/06 SB 196 Establishes the Move on When Ready Program for High School Juniors and Seniors to Earn College Credit Before Graduation Bill Passed - House (100 - 2)
5/06 SB 1097 Requires Arizona Schools to Close on Election Days to Serve as Polling Places Bill Passed - House (31 - 23)
5/06 S J Res 7 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Federal Communications Commission relating to "Addressing the Homework Gap Through the E-Rate Program". Motion Agreed - Senate (53 - 47)
5/06 SB 9 Prohibits Transgender Girls from Participating on Female Sports Teams in Public Schools Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 18)
5/06 HB 265 Extends Existing Unemployment Benefits to Apply to School Employees Even When They Can Reasonably Expect to Return to Their Jobs Bill Passed - House (105 - 98)
5/02 HB 1427 Requires Nursing Schools with Passage Rates 10% Below the National Average be Placed on Probation Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 5)
5/01 S 62 Establishes a State Education Scholarship Trust Fund to Authorize Private School Tuition Payments Concurrence Vote Passed - House (73 - 32)
5/01 S 62 Establishes a State Education Scholarship Trust Fund to Authorize Private School Tuition Payments Concurrence Vote Passed - House (73 - 32)
5/01 SB 2354 Requires All Public and Private Schools to Follow the Statewide Student Cellphone Ban Concurrence Vote Passed - House (73 - 17)
5/01 SB 140 Requires the Alabama Department of Public Health to Enforce the Coach Safely Act Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (30 - 0)
5/01 HB 419 Repeals the University of Missouri System's Exclusive Authority to Grant Research Doctorates and certain Professional Degrees Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 4)
5/01 HB 419 Repeals the University of Missouri System's Exclusive Authority to Grant Research Doctorates and certain Professional Degrees Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 4)
5/01 SB 1003 Prohibits Individuals from Using Locker Rooms or Bathrooms that Do Not Match Their Biological Sex Bill Passed - House (31 - 27)
5/01 SB 1002 Requires School Workers Refer to Individuals Based on Their Gender at Birth Unless Parental Consent is Given Bill Passed - House (31 - 27)
5/01 SB 1508 Requires School District Boards to Define Bullying and Cyberbullying Bill Failed - House (21 - 37)
4/30 SB 1300 Extends and Expands Free School Meal Coverage Concurrence Vote Passed - House (48 - 1)
4/30 HB 692 Extends and Expands the Preschool Open Doors Program's Eligibility Criteria Concurrence Vote Passed - House (49 - 1)
4/30 HB 57 Increases the Basic Input Into the State's Public School Funding Formula for the Base Student Allocation by $700 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (31 - 8)
4/30 HB 57 Increases the Basic Input Into the State's Public School Funding Formula for the Base Student Allocation by $700 Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 3)
4/30 SB 942 Requires Public Schools and Higher Education Institutions to Integrate the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA) Definition of Antisemitism into Their Codes of Conduct Bill Passed - House (56 - 29)
4/30 SB 754 Authorizes Flexibility within School Calendars, and Hold School District Officials Accountable for Breaking the Law Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 7)
4/30 SB 754 Authorizes Flexibility within School Calendars, and Hold School District Officials Accountable for Breaking the Law Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 7)
4/30 SB 191 Requires All School Buses in K-12 Schools To Have Seat Belts On Them Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 13)
4/30 HB 353 Establishes Criminal Penalty for Trespassing Near Schools or Day-Care Centers Bill Passed - House (124 - 10)
4/29 S 62 Establishes a State Education Scholarship Trust Fund to Authorize Private School Tuition Payments Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 11)
4/29 S 62 Establishes a State Education Scholarship Trust Fund to Authorize Private School Tuition Payments Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 11)
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