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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
June 25, 2025 NC HB 805 Defines Sex in North Carolina State Law Based on Biological Attributes and Amends Relevant Laws Concurrence Vote Passed - House (65 - 43)
June 24, 2025 NC HB 805 Defines Sex in North Carolina State Law Based on Biological Attributes and Amends Relevant Laws Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 4)
June 23, 2025 NC SB 442 Amends Child Abuse and Neglect Statutes to Exempt Conduct Described as Raising a Child "Consistent with the Juvenile's Biological Sex" and Prohibits Adoptive Parents from Being Screened Based on Whether They Would Deny Their Child Gender-Affirming Care Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 19)
June 18, 2025 NC SB 442 Amends Child Abuse and Neglect Statutes to Exempt Conduct Described as Raising a Child "Consistent with the Juvenile's Biological Sex" and Prohibits Adoptive Parents from Being Screened Based on Whether They Would Deny Their Child Gender-Affirming Care Bill Passed - House (74 - 36)
June 10, 2025 DE SB 100 Establishes the Constitutional Right to Marry Without Discrimination Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 5)
June 9, 2025 OR SB 1098 Prohibits Schools and Library districts from Removing Books with Stories about Religion, Disability, LGBTQ+ Issues, or Other Characteristics of a Protected Class Bill Passed - House (34 - 21)
June 2, 2025 CA SB 497 Prohibits Information Sharing Regarding Individuals Seeking Gender-Affirming Care or With Controlled Substance History Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
May 28, 2025 TX SB 1188 Authorizes Health Care Practitioners to Use Artificial Intelligence for Diagnostic Purposes, and Requires All Medical Records to Include a Patient's Biological Sex Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (23 - 8)
May 28, 2025 NE LB 89 Defines "Male" and "Female" in State Law Targeted for K-12 or Collegiate Bathrooms, Sports Teams and Locker Rooms Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 16)
May 28, 2025 TX HB 229 Requires Government Entities that Collect Vital Statistics Information to Identify Each Individual as Either Male or Female Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 11)
May 23, 2025 TX SB 1188 Authorizes Health Care Practitioners to Use Artificial Intelligence for Diagnostic Purposes, and Requires All Medical Records to Include a Patient's Biological Sex Bill Passed - House (86 - 49)
May 22, 2025 NH HB 148 Requires Students Use the Same Restroom that Aligns with Their Sex at Birth "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (16 - 8)
May 22, 2025 MI HB 4469 Authorizes K-12 Schools to Base Students' Eligibility for Athletics on Their Biological Sex Bill Passed - House (59 - 45)
May 22, 2025 MI HB 4066 Prohibits Schools From Allowing Transgender Girls to Participate in Girls' Sports Bill Passed - House (58 - 46)
May 14, 2025 NE LB 89 Defines "Male" and "Female" in State Law Targeted for K-12 or Collegiate Bathrooms, Sports Teams and Locker Rooms Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 15)
May 12, 2025 TX SB 1257 Requires Health Benefit Plans That Provide Coverage for Gender Transition Procedures to Additionally Cover All Possible Adverse Consequences of the Procedure, Follow-Up Testing, and Any Procedures to Reverse the Procedure Bill Passed - House (87 - 58)
May 12, 2025 TX HB 229 Requires Government Entities that Collect Vital Statistics Information to Identify Each Individual as Either Male or Female Bill Passed - House (87 - 56)
May 7, 2025 CO HB 25-1309 Defines "Gender-Affirming Care" Into State Statute and Prohibits Health Insurance Providers from Denying or Limiting Such Care Concurrence Vote Passed - House (39 - 24)
May 7, 2025 OK SB 418 Requires Certain Bathroom Gender Designations in Prisons and the Department of Corrections Bill Passed - House (77 - 15)
May 7, 2025 NC SB 442 Amends Child Abuse and Neglect Statutes to Exempt Conduct Described as Raising a Child "Consistent with the Juvenile's Biological Sex" and Prohibits Adoptive Parents from Being Screened Based on Whether They Would Deny Their Child Gender-Affirming Care Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 13)
May 6, 2025 CO HB 25-1312 Establishes Penalties for "Dead-Naming" or "Misgendering" as Discriminatory Actions and Requires Courts to Include Such Claims in Custody Cases Concurrence Vote Passed - House (39 - 24)
May 6, 2025 CO HB 25-1312 Establishes Penalties for "Dead-Naming" or "Misgendering" as Discriminatory Actions and Requires Courts to Include Such Claims in Custody Cases Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 14)
May 6, 2025 CO HB 25-1309 Defines "Gender-Affirming Care" Into State Statute and Prohibits Health Insurance Providers from Denying or Limiting Such Care Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 12)
May 6, 2025 PA SB 9 Prohibits Transgender Girls from Participating on Female Sports Teams in Public Schools Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 18)
May 1, 2025 OK HB 1217 Prohibits Public Drag Performances Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 8)
May 1, 2025 AZ SB 1003 Prohibits Individuals from Using Locker Rooms or Bathrooms that Do Not Match Their Biological Sex Bill Passed - House (31 - 27)
April 28, 2025 ND HB 1144 Prohibits All-Gender Bathrooms Including Single-Occupant Restrooms Conference Report Adopted - Senate (40 - 7)
April 28, 2025 ND HB 1144 Prohibits All-Gender Bathrooms Including Single-Occupant Restrooms Conference Report Adopted - House (75 - 14)
April 28, 2025 AZ HB 2438 Prohibits Individuals from Changing Their Birth Certificates to Reflect Their Gender Identity Concurrence Vote Passed - House (32 - 23)
April 24, 2025 TX SB 240 Requires Individuals to Use Bathrooms and Locker Rooms Based on Their Biological Sex at Birth Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 11)
April 24, 2025 TX SB 1257 Requires Health Benefit Plans That Provide Coverage for Gender Transition Procedures to Additionally Cover All Possible Adverse Consequences of the Procedure, Follow-Up Testing, and Any Procedures to Reverse the Procedure Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 11)
April 22, 2025 NE LB 89 Defines "Male" and "Female" in State Law Targeted for K-12 or Collegiate Bathrooms, Sports Teams and Locker Rooms Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 16)
April 21, 2025 TN SB 937 Specifies that Certain Individuals are Not Required to Use Another's Preferred Name or Pronoun if the Preferred Name or Pronoun is Not Consistent with the Individual's Legal Name or Sex Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (27 - 6)
April 17, 2025 ND HB 1181 Defines Gender as Biological Sex Concurrence Vote Passed - House (79 - 11)
April 17, 2025 VT S 28 Establishes Legal Cover for Patients and Providers of Reproductive and Gender-Affirming Care Bill Passed - House (97 - 43)
April 17, 2025 AL HB 244 Prohibits Public School Teachers at All K-12 Grade Levels from Teaching or Discussing Gender Identity or Sexuality Bill Passed - House (74 - 15)
April 17, 2025 AL HB 67 Prohibits Public Schools and Libraries from Hosting Drag Performances in the Presence of Children Without Parental Consent. Bill Passed - House (76 - 9)
April 16, 2025 TN SB 937 Specifies that Certain Individuals are Not Required to Use Another's Preferred Name or Pronoun if the Preferred Name or Pronoun is Not Consistent with the Individual's Legal Name or Sex Bill Passed - House (77 - 18)
April 16, 2025 AR SB 486 Prohibits Individuals from Entering Restrooms, Changing Rooms and Sleeping Quarters Designated for the Opposite Sex Bill Passed - House (60 - 22)
April 16, 2025 NV SB 141 Authorizes the Sheriff, Chief of Police, or Town Marshall Responsible for Operation of a County, City, or Town Jail to Implement Training for members of the Staff of the Jail or Detention Facility in Cultural Competency for Interacting with Prisoners who are Transgender, Gender Non-Conforming, Non-Binary, and Intersex Bill Passed - Senate (13 - 8)
April 15, 2025 AZ HB 2438 Prohibits Individuals from Changing Their Birth Certificates to Reflect Their Gender Identity Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 13)
April 12, 2025 WV SB 154 Prohibits Sexual Orientation Instruction in Schools Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 1)
April 12, 2025 WV SB 299 Prohibits Gender-Affirming Medical Care for Minors Bill Passed - House (86 - 12)
April 11, 2025 MT HB 400 Prohibits Discipline Against Students who Refuse to Use Peers' Preferred Names or Pronouns Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 20)
April 11, 2025 MT SB 437 Amends and Defines Sex as Binary in Montana State Law Concurrence Vote Passed - House (55 - 44)
April 11, 2025 WV SB 154 Prohibits Sexual Orientation Instruction in Schools Bill Passed - House (82 - 17)
April 10, 2025 ND HB 1181 Defines Gender as Biological Sex Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 6)
April 8, 2025 CO SB 25-129 Establishes Legal Protections for Abortion and Gender Transition Services Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (23 - 11)
April 8, 2025 AZ HB 2062 Defines Sex and Gender Terms for Any State Laws, Policies, or Institutions Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 11)
April 6, 2025 CO SB 25-129 Establishes Legal Protections for Abortion and Gender Transition Services Bill Passed - House (39 - 20)
Date No. Title Outcome
6/25 HB 805 Defines Sex in North Carolina State Law Based on Biological Attributes and Amends Relevant Laws Concurrence Vote Passed - House (65 - 43)
6/24 HB 805 Defines Sex in North Carolina State Law Based on Biological Attributes and Amends Relevant Laws Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 4)
6/23 SB 442 Amends Child Abuse and Neglect Statutes to Exempt Conduct Described as Raising a Child "Consistent with the Juvenile's Biological Sex" and Prohibits Adoptive Parents from Being Screened Based on Whether They Would Deny Their Child Gender-Affirming Care Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 19)
6/18 SB 442 Amends Child Abuse and Neglect Statutes to Exempt Conduct Described as Raising a Child "Consistent with the Juvenile's Biological Sex" and Prohibits Adoptive Parents from Being Screened Based on Whether They Would Deny Their Child Gender-Affirming Care Bill Passed - House (74 - 36)
6/10 SB 100 Establishes the Constitutional Right to Marry Without Discrimination Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 5)
6/09 SB 1098 Prohibits Schools and Library districts from Removing Books with Stories about Religion, Disability, LGBTQ+ Issues, or Other Characteristics of a Protected Class Bill Passed - House (34 - 21)
6/02 SB 497 Prohibits Information Sharing Regarding Individuals Seeking Gender-Affirming Care or With Controlled Substance History Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
5/28 SB 1188 Authorizes Health Care Practitioners to Use Artificial Intelligence for Diagnostic Purposes, and Requires All Medical Records to Include a Patient's Biological Sex Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (23 - 8)
5/28 LB 89 Defines "Male" and "Female" in State Law Targeted for K-12 or Collegiate Bathrooms, Sports Teams and Locker Rooms Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 16)
5/28 HB 229 Requires Government Entities that Collect Vital Statistics Information to Identify Each Individual as Either Male or Female Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 11)
5/23 SB 1188 Authorizes Health Care Practitioners to Use Artificial Intelligence for Diagnostic Purposes, and Requires All Medical Records to Include a Patient's Biological Sex Bill Passed - House (86 - 49)
5/22 HB 148 Requires Students Use the Same Restroom that Aligns with Their Sex at Birth "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (16 - 8)
5/22 HB 4469 Authorizes K-12 Schools to Base Students' Eligibility for Athletics on Their Biological Sex Bill Passed - House (59 - 45)
5/22 HB 4066 Prohibits Schools From Allowing Transgender Girls to Participate in Girls' Sports Bill Passed - House (58 - 46)
5/14 LB 89 Defines "Male" and "Female" in State Law Targeted for K-12 or Collegiate Bathrooms, Sports Teams and Locker Rooms Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 15)
5/12 SB 1257 Requires Health Benefit Plans That Provide Coverage for Gender Transition Procedures to Additionally Cover All Possible Adverse Consequences of the Procedure, Follow-Up Testing, and Any Procedures to Reverse the Procedure Bill Passed - House (87 - 58)
5/12 HB 229 Requires Government Entities that Collect Vital Statistics Information to Identify Each Individual as Either Male or Female Bill Passed - House (87 - 56)
5/07 HB 25-1309 Defines "Gender-Affirming Care" Into State Statute and Prohibits Health Insurance Providers from Denying or Limiting Such Care Concurrence Vote Passed - House (39 - 24)
5/07 SB 418 Requires Certain Bathroom Gender Designations in Prisons and the Department of Corrections Bill Passed - House (77 - 15)
5/07 SB 442 Amends Child Abuse and Neglect Statutes to Exempt Conduct Described as Raising a Child "Consistent with the Juvenile's Biological Sex" and Prohibits Adoptive Parents from Being Screened Based on Whether They Would Deny Their Child Gender-Affirming Care Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 13)
5/06 HB 25-1312 Establishes Penalties for "Dead-Naming" or "Misgendering" as Discriminatory Actions and Requires Courts to Include Such Claims in Custody Cases Concurrence Vote Passed - House (39 - 24)
5/06 HB 25-1312 Establishes Penalties for "Dead-Naming" or "Misgendering" as Discriminatory Actions and Requires Courts to Include Such Claims in Custody Cases Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 14)
5/06 HB 25-1309 Defines "Gender-Affirming Care" Into State Statute and Prohibits Health Insurance Providers from Denying or Limiting Such Care Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 12)
5/06 SB 9 Prohibits Transgender Girls from Participating on Female Sports Teams in Public Schools Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 18)
5/01 HB 1217 Prohibits Public Drag Performances Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 8)
5/01 SB 1003 Prohibits Individuals from Using Locker Rooms or Bathrooms that Do Not Match Their Biological Sex Bill Passed - House (31 - 27)
4/28 HB 1144 Prohibits All-Gender Bathrooms Including Single-Occupant Restrooms Conference Report Adopted - Senate (40 - 7)
4/28 HB 1144 Prohibits All-Gender Bathrooms Including Single-Occupant Restrooms Conference Report Adopted - House (75 - 14)
4/28 HB 2438 Prohibits Individuals from Changing Their Birth Certificates to Reflect Their Gender Identity Concurrence Vote Passed - House (32 - 23)
4/24 SB 240 Requires Individuals to Use Bathrooms and Locker Rooms Based on Their Biological Sex at Birth Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 11)
4/24 SB 1257 Requires Health Benefit Plans That Provide Coverage for Gender Transition Procedures to Additionally Cover All Possible Adverse Consequences of the Procedure, Follow-Up Testing, and Any Procedures to Reverse the Procedure Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 11)
4/22 LB 89 Defines "Male" and "Female" in State Law Targeted for K-12 or Collegiate Bathrooms, Sports Teams and Locker Rooms Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 16)
4/21 SB 937 Specifies that Certain Individuals are Not Required to Use Another's Preferred Name or Pronoun if the Preferred Name or Pronoun is Not Consistent with the Individual's Legal Name or Sex Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (27 - 6)
4/17 HB 1181 Defines Gender as Biological Sex Concurrence Vote Passed - House (79 - 11)
4/17 S 28 Establishes Legal Cover for Patients and Providers of Reproductive and Gender-Affirming Care Bill Passed - House (97 - 43)
4/17 HB 244 Prohibits Public School Teachers at All K-12 Grade Levels from Teaching or Discussing Gender Identity or Sexuality Bill Passed - House (74 - 15)
4/17 HB 67 Prohibits Public Schools and Libraries from Hosting Drag Performances in the Presence of Children Without Parental Consent. Bill Passed - House (76 - 9)
4/16 SB 937 Specifies that Certain Individuals are Not Required to Use Another's Preferred Name or Pronoun if the Preferred Name or Pronoun is Not Consistent with the Individual's Legal Name or Sex Bill Passed - House (77 - 18)
4/16 SB 486 Prohibits Individuals from Entering Restrooms, Changing Rooms and Sleeping Quarters Designated for the Opposite Sex Bill Passed - House (60 - 22)
4/16 SB 141 Authorizes the Sheriff, Chief of Police, or Town Marshall Responsible for Operation of a County, City, or Town Jail to Implement Training for members of the Staff of the Jail or Detention Facility in Cultural Competency for Interacting with Prisoners who are Transgender, Gender Non-Conforming, Non-Binary, and Intersex Bill Passed - Senate (13 - 8)
4/15 HB 2438 Prohibits Individuals from Changing Their Birth Certificates to Reflect Their Gender Identity Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 13)
4/12 SB 154 Prohibits Sexual Orientation Instruction in Schools Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 1)
4/12 SB 299 Prohibits Gender-Affirming Medical Care for Minors Bill Passed - House (86 - 12)
4/11 HB 400 Prohibits Discipline Against Students who Refuse to Use Peers' Preferred Names or Pronouns Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 20)
4/11 SB 437 Amends and Defines Sex as Binary in Montana State Law Concurrence Vote Passed - House (55 - 44)
4/11 SB 154 Prohibits Sexual Orientation Instruction in Schools Bill Passed - House (82 - 17)
4/10 HB 1181 Defines Gender as Biological Sex Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 6)
4/08 SB 25-129 Establishes Legal Protections for Abortion and Gender Transition Services Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (23 - 11)
4/08 HB 2062 Defines Sex and Gender Terms for Any State Laws, Policies, or Institutions Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 11)
4/06 SB 25-129 Establishes Legal Protections for Abortion and Gender Transition Services Bill Passed - House (39 - 20)
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