Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
March 19, 2025 MI HB 4185 Amends the Distribution of Sales Tax Revenue Bill Passed - House (64 - 44)
March 19, 2025 OH HB 28 Prohibits Local Governments from Asking Voters to Approve What's Called a "Replacement" Levy Bill Passed - House (62 - 30)
March 18, 2025 WI AB 94 Authorizes the Collective Bargaining Contract Between the State of Wisconsin, the Division of Personnel Management, and the Wisconsin State Building Trades Negotiating Committee for the 2024-2025 Fiscal Year Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 1)
March 18, 2025 OK SB 1027 Limits Petitions for Ballot Measures Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 7)
March 18, 2025 OK SB 1027 Limits Petitions for Ballot Measures Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 7)
March 18, 2025 WI AB 24 Requires State Assistance with Federal Immigration Enforcement Bill Passed - House (51 - 43)
March 18, 2025 AL HB 30 Requires Post-Election Audits Bill Passed - House (63 - 30)
March 18, 2025 MI HB 4098 Authorizes Tax and Public Meetings to be Held Online Bill Passed - House (100 - 8)
March 18, 2025 MI HB 4099 Authorizes Electronic Attendance at Public Meetings Bill Passed - House (98 - 10)
March 18, 2025 MI HB 4014 Amends the General Property Tax Act to Exempt the Transfer of Real Property from Upward Increases in Taxable Value if it is Transferred to Certain Individuals Bill Passed - House (97 - 11)
March 17, 2025 KS SB 105 Establishes Requirements for Filling Vacant Senate Seats Conference Report Adopted - House (84 - 36)
March 17, 2025 KS SB 105 Establishes Requirements for Filling Vacant Senate Seats Conference Report Adopted - House (84 - 36)
March 17, 2025 KS SB 105 Establishes Requirements for Filling Vacant Senate Seats Conference Report Adopted - Senate (31 - 9)
March 17, 2025 KS SB 105 Establishes Requirements for Filling Vacant Senate Seats Conference Report Adopted - Senate (31 - 9)
March 17, 2025 KS SB 6 Prohibits the Use of Ranked-Choice Voting Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (30 - 10)
March 17, 2025 KS SB 5 Prohibits Use of Funds Provided by Congress for Elections and Election-Related Activities Unless Approved by the Legislature Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 8)
March 17, 2025 CO HB 25-1093 Extends and Expands the State's Prohibition on Anti-Growth Laws in Urban Areas Concurrence Vote Passed - House (47 - 16)
March 17, 2025 CO HB 25-1093 Extends and Expands the State's Prohibition on Anti-Growth Laws in Urban Areas Concurrence Vote Passed - House (47 - 16)
March 17, 2025 IN SJR 21 Specifies Term Limits for Members of Congress Joint Resolution Passed - House (66 - 30)
March 17, 2025 TN SB 320 Reduces the Population Mandate for a County Selling Alcohol at a Stadium Bill Passed - House (70 - 14)
March 17, 2025 OR HB 2010 Appropriates Federal Funding for Expansion of Oregon's Medicaid Program Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 5)
March 17, 2025 NM SB 19 Requires Governance Training for New Mexico Public Higher Education Boards Bill Passed - House (61 - 2)
March 17, 2025 AR HB 1574 Amends Current Arkansas Laws Regarding Paid Canvassers Bill Passed - House (75 - 16)
March 14, 2025 National PN 12-16 Nomination of Stephen Feinberg to be Deputy Secretary of Defense Nomination Confirmed - Senate (59 - 40)
March 14, 2025 CO HB 25-1093 Extends and Expands the State's Prohibition on Anti-Growth Laws in Urban Areas Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 13)
March 14, 2025 CO HB 25-1093 Extends and Expands the State's Prohibition on Anti-Growth Laws in Urban Areas Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 13)
March 14, 2025 National HR 1968 Full-Year Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025 Bill Passed - Senate (54 - 46)
March 14, 2025 National PN 12-16 Nomination of Stephen Feinberg to be Deputy Secretary of Defense Cloture Invoked - Senate (56 - 39)
March 14, 2025 National PN 12-36 Nomination of John Phelan to be Secretary of the Navy Cloture Invoked - Senate (64 - 33)
March 14, 2025 National PN 12-25 Nomination of Christopher Landau to be Deputy Secretary of State Cloture Invoked - Senate (63 - 32)
March 13, 2025 KY SB 4 Establishes Regulations on the State's Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 4)
March 13, 2025 National PN 13-12 Nomination of William Pulte to be Director of the Federal Housing Finance Agency Nomination Confirmed - Senate (56 - 43)
March 13, 2025 National PN 22-12 Nomination of Jeffrey Kessler to be Under Secretary of Commerce for Industry and Security Nomination Confirmed - Senate (54 - 45)
March 13, 2025 KS SB 6 Prohibits the Use of Ranked-Choice Voting Bill Passed - House (86 - 37)
March 13, 2025 KY SB 4 Establishes Regulations on the State's Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Bill Passed - House (86 - 10)
March 13, 2025 KY HB 160 Prohibits Local Governments from Adopting or Enforcing Zoning Regulations that Treat Manufactured Homes Differently Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 5)
March 13, 2025 KS SB 5 Prohibits Use of Funds Provided by Congress for Elections and Election-Related Activities Unless Approved by the Legislature Bill Passed - House (86 - 37)
March 13, 2025 KY HJR 15 Requires the Return of a Granite Monument Inscribed with the 10 Commandments to the Capitol Grounds for Permanent Display Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (32 - 6)
March 13, 2025 NM HJR 2 Repeals the Governor's Ability to Pocket Veto Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
March 13, 2025 NM HJR 2 Repeals the Governor's Ability to Pocket Veto Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
March 13, 2025 National PN 13-12 Nomination of William Pulte to be Director of the Federal Housing Finance Agency Cloture Invoked - Senate (57 - 41)
March 13, 2025 National PN 22-12 Nomination of Jeffrey Kessler to be Under Secretary of Commerce for Industry and Security Cloture Invoked - Senate (54 - 45)
March 13, 2025 ID H 378 Requires All Idaho Legislative Officials to Report Out-of-State Travel Costs Bill Passed - House (47 - 22)
March 13, 2025 VT S 44 Prohibits Public Agencies From Entering Into an Agreement Without Governor Authorization Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 1)
March 13, 2025 ID H 378 Requires All Idaho Legislative Officials to Report Out-of-State Travel Costs Bill Passed - House (47 - 22)
March 13, 2025 AZ SB 1086 Amends Transportation Planning Statutes to Add Mobility as a Performance Factor Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 11)
March 13, 2025 AZ SB 1510 Requires the Arizona Department of Administration to Create a List of All Full-Time Equivalent Positions that have Been Open for at least 150 Days Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 9)
March 13, 2025 AZ SB 1089 Requires the Director of the Arizona Department of Transportation Issue a Report on Why the Lowest Bid on a Construction Project Wasn't Chosen Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 11)
March 12, 2025 SD SB 68 Requires an Individual be a Citizen of the United States Before Being Eligible to Vote Conference Report Adopted - House (66 - 4)
March 12, 2025 SD SB 68 Requires an Individual be a Citizen of the United States Before Being Eligible to Vote Conference Report Adopted - House (66 - 4)
Date No. Title Outcome
3/19 HB 4185 Amends the Distribution of Sales Tax Revenue Bill Passed - House (64 - 44)
3/19 HB 28 Prohibits Local Governments from Asking Voters to Approve What's Called a "Replacement" Levy Bill Passed - House (62 - 30)
3/18 AB 94 Authorizes the Collective Bargaining Contract Between the State of Wisconsin, the Division of Personnel Management, and the Wisconsin State Building Trades Negotiating Committee for the 2024-2025 Fiscal Year Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 1)
3/18 SB 1027 Limits Petitions for Ballot Measures Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 7)
3/18 SB 1027 Limits Petitions for Ballot Measures Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 7)
3/18 AB 24 Requires State Assistance with Federal Immigration Enforcement Bill Passed - House (51 - 43)
3/18 HB 30 Requires Post-Election Audits Bill Passed - House (63 - 30)
3/18 HB 4098 Authorizes Tax and Public Meetings to be Held Online Bill Passed - House (100 - 8)
3/18 HB 4099 Authorizes Electronic Attendance at Public Meetings Bill Passed - House (98 - 10)
3/18 HB 4014 Amends the General Property Tax Act to Exempt the Transfer of Real Property from Upward Increases in Taxable Value if it is Transferred to Certain Individuals Bill Passed - House (97 - 11)
3/17 SB 105 Establishes Requirements for Filling Vacant Senate Seats Conference Report Adopted - House (84 - 36)
3/17 SB 105 Establishes Requirements for Filling Vacant Senate Seats Conference Report Adopted - House (84 - 36)
3/17 SB 105 Establishes Requirements for Filling Vacant Senate Seats Conference Report Adopted - Senate (31 - 9)
3/17 SB 105 Establishes Requirements for Filling Vacant Senate Seats Conference Report Adopted - Senate (31 - 9)
3/17 SB 6 Prohibits the Use of Ranked-Choice Voting Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (30 - 10)
3/17 SB 5 Prohibits Use of Funds Provided by Congress for Elections and Election-Related Activities Unless Approved by the Legislature Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 8)
3/17 HB 25-1093 Extends and Expands the State's Prohibition on Anti-Growth Laws in Urban Areas Concurrence Vote Passed - House (47 - 16)
3/17 HB 25-1093 Extends and Expands the State's Prohibition on Anti-Growth Laws in Urban Areas Concurrence Vote Passed - House (47 - 16)
3/17 SJR 21 Specifies Term Limits for Members of Congress Joint Resolution Passed - House (66 - 30)
3/17 SB 320 Reduces the Population Mandate for a County Selling Alcohol at a Stadium Bill Passed - House (70 - 14)
3/17 HB 2010 Appropriates Federal Funding for Expansion of Oregon's Medicaid Program Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 5)
3/17 SB 19 Requires Governance Training for New Mexico Public Higher Education Boards Bill Passed - House (61 - 2)
3/17 HB 1574 Amends Current Arkansas Laws Regarding Paid Canvassers Bill Passed - House (75 - 16)
3/14 PN 12-16 Nomination of Stephen Feinberg to be Deputy Secretary of Defense Nomination Confirmed - Senate (59 - 40)
3/14 HB 25-1093 Extends and Expands the State's Prohibition on Anti-Growth Laws in Urban Areas Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 13)
3/14 HB 25-1093 Extends and Expands the State's Prohibition on Anti-Growth Laws in Urban Areas Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 13)
3/14 HR 1968 Full-Year Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025 Bill Passed - Senate (54 - 46)
3/14 PN 12-16 Nomination of Stephen Feinberg to be Deputy Secretary of Defense Cloture Invoked - Senate (56 - 39)
3/14 PN 12-36 Nomination of John Phelan to be Secretary of the Navy Cloture Invoked - Senate (64 - 33)
3/14 PN 12-25 Nomination of Christopher Landau to be Deputy Secretary of State Cloture Invoked - Senate (63 - 32)
3/13 SB 4 Establishes Regulations on the State's Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 4)
3/13 PN 13-12 Nomination of William Pulte to be Director of the Federal Housing Finance Agency Nomination Confirmed - Senate (56 - 43)
3/13 PN 22-12 Nomination of Jeffrey Kessler to be Under Secretary of Commerce for Industry and Security Nomination Confirmed - Senate (54 - 45)
3/13 SB 6 Prohibits the Use of Ranked-Choice Voting Bill Passed - House (86 - 37)
3/13 SB 4 Establishes Regulations on the State's Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Bill Passed - House (86 - 10)
3/13 HB 160 Prohibits Local Governments from Adopting or Enforcing Zoning Regulations that Treat Manufactured Homes Differently Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 5)
3/13 SB 5 Prohibits Use of Funds Provided by Congress for Elections and Election-Related Activities Unless Approved by the Legislature Bill Passed - House (86 - 37)
3/13 HJR 15 Requires the Return of a Granite Monument Inscribed with the 10 Commandments to the Capitol Grounds for Permanent Display Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (32 - 6)
3/13 HJR 2 Repeals the Governor's Ability to Pocket Veto Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
3/13 HJR 2 Repeals the Governor's Ability to Pocket Veto Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
3/13 PN 13-12 Nomination of William Pulte to be Director of the Federal Housing Finance Agency Cloture Invoked - Senate (57 - 41)
3/13 PN 22-12 Nomination of Jeffrey Kessler to be Under Secretary of Commerce for Industry and Security Cloture Invoked - Senate (54 - 45)
3/13 H 378 Requires All Idaho Legislative Officials to Report Out-of-State Travel Costs Bill Passed - House (47 - 22)
3/13 S 44 Prohibits Public Agencies From Entering Into an Agreement Without Governor Authorization Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 1)
3/13 H 378 Requires All Idaho Legislative Officials to Report Out-of-State Travel Costs Bill Passed - House (47 - 22)
3/13 SB 1086 Amends Transportation Planning Statutes to Add Mobility as a Performance Factor Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 11)
3/13 SB 1510 Requires the Arizona Department of Administration to Create a List of All Full-Time Equivalent Positions that have Been Open for at least 150 Days Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 9)
3/13 SB 1089 Requires the Director of the Arizona Department of Transportation Issue a Report on Why the Lowest Bid on a Construction Project Wasn't Chosen Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 11)
3/12 SB 68 Requires an Individual be a Citizen of the United States Before Being Eligible to Vote Conference Report Adopted - House (66 - 4)
3/12 SB 68 Requires an Individual be a Citizen of the United States Before Being Eligible to Vote Conference Report Adopted - House (66 - 4)

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