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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
June 26, 2025 NC HB 694 Requires the Environmental Finance Center at UNC Chapel Hill to Study Water and Wastewater Regionalization Concurrence Vote Passed - House (66 - 42)
June 25, 2025 NC SB 254 Authorizes the Charter Schools Review Board to Propose, Recommend, and Approve Rules and Policies Regarding all Aspects of Charter School Operation Conference Report Adopted - House (73 - 36)
June 25, 2025 NC SB 254 Authorizes the Charter Schools Review Board to Propose, Recommend, and Approve Rules and Policies Regarding all Aspects of Charter School Operation Conference Report Adopted - House (73 - 36)
June 25, 2025 ME LD 747 Appropriates Funding to Reduce Student Homelessness (89 - 51)
June 25, 2025 NC SB 227 Prohibits Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Instruction in K-12 Education Bill Passed - House (67 - 48)
June 25, 2025 NC SB 558 Prohibits Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Public Higher Education Bill Passed - House (64 - 47)
June 24, 2025 PA HB 17 Requires Instruction of Cursive Handwriting in Elementary Schools Bill Passed - House (195 - 8)
June 24, 2025 PA HB 17 Requires Instruction of Cursive Handwriting in Elementary Schools Bill Passed - House (195 - 8)
June 23, 2025 National HR 3422 Promoting Opportunities for Non-Traditional Capital Formation Act Bill Passed - House (321 - 87)
June 18, 2025 RI S 238 Establishes Protections Against the Censorship of Library Materials Bill Passed - House (60 - 11)
June 18, 2025 RI H 5421 Requires Video Monitoring Systems on All School Buses Bill Passed - House (69 - 2)
June 18, 2025 MA H 4227 Appropriates Funds for Transportation and Education for Fiscal Year 2025 Bill Passed - House (148 - 4)
June 17, 2025 NY S 1099 Requires the Commissioner of Education to Develop Policies to Ensure That School Libraries Have Access to the Widest Selection of Materials Available Bill Passed - House (89 - 46)
June 17, 2025 NY S 8344 Extends Provisions and Makes Technical Corrections to School Speed Zones in NYC Bill Passed - House (110 - 31)
June 17, 2025 NY S 1099 Requires the Commissioner of Education to Develop Policies to Ensure That School Libraries Have Access to the Widest Selection of Materials Available Bill Passed - House (89 - 46)
June 17, 2025 DE HB 91 Appropriates $3.2 million for All Public Schools to Offer Free Breakfast, Regardless of a Student's Income Level Bill Passed - House (35 - 1)
June 16, 2025 VT H 454 Amends and Modifies Provisions Related to Education Governance, Quality, and Finance Systems Conference Report Adopted - House (96 - 45)
June 16, 2025 OR SB 141 Establishes a Statewide Education Accountability System Bill Passed - House (39 - 15)
June 12, 2025 MI HB 4579 Appropriates Funding for the State Community College Budget Bill Passed - House (56 - 41)
June 12, 2025 MI HB 4580 Reduces Operational Funding Budgets for Higher Education Institutions Bill Passed - House (56 - 41)
June 11, 2025 OH HB 10 Establishes Regulations on the Labelling and Sale of Imitation Meat and Egg Products Bill Passed - House (92 - 0)
June 11, 2025 MI HB 4577 Appropriates Funding for Michigan's K-12 Public Schools Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
June 11, 2025 OH HB 3 Establishes the School Bus Safety Act Bill Passed - House (90 - 0)
June 11, 2025 MI HB 4576 Appropriates Funding for the State Department of Education Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
June 11, 2025 MI HB 4578 Appropriates Funding for the Michigan Department of Lifelong Education, Advancement, and Potential Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
June 9, 2025 LA SB 25 Establishes the St. George Community School System With the Same Authority as a Parish Bill Passed - House (70 - 24)
June 9, 2025 OR SB 1098 Prohibits Schools and Library districts from Removing Books with Stories about Religion, Disability, LGBTQ+ Issues, or Other Characteristics of a Protected Class Bill Passed - House (34 - 21)
June 9, 2025 MN HF 5 Increases the Basic Education Formula Allowance Bill Passed - House (97 - 36)
June 5, 2025 NH HB 10 Establishes a Parents' Bill of Rights Regarding their Child's Education and Prohibits Schools from Infringing on Such Rights Unless the Action is Narrowly Tailored to Address a Compelling State Interest Concurrence Vote Passed - House (210 - 160)
June 5, 2025 NH HB 10 Establishes a Parents' Bill of Rights Regarding their Child's Education and Prohibits Schools from Infringing on Such Rights Unless the Action is Narrowly Tailored to Address a Compelling State Interest Concurrence Vote Passed - House (210 - 160)
June 5, 2025 NH SB 295 Repeals Income Limits for Education Freedom Accounts Immediately but Includes a 12,250-Student Cap on the Program "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (190 - 178)
June 5, 2025 NH SB 295 Repeals Income Limits for Education Freedom Accounts Immediately but Includes a 12,250-Student Cap on the Program "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (190 - 178)
June 5, 2025 CA AB 84 Amends Processes for Authorizing Charter Schools Bill Passed - House (43 - 25)
June 5, 2025 CA AB 1454 Establishes Missing Links to California's Comprehensive Early Literacy Reforms Bill Passed - House (78 - 0)
June 5, 2025 CA AB 84 Amends Processes for Authorizing Charter Schools Bill Passed - House (43 - 25)
June 5, 2025 CA AB 1454 Establishes Missing Links to California's Comprehensive Early Literacy Reforms Bill Passed - House (78 - 0)
June 4, 2025 LA SB 234 Establishes and Provides for the St. George Community School System Bill Passed - House (60 - 26)
June 4, 2025 LA SB 234 Establishes and Provides for the St. George Community School System Bill Passed - House (60 - 26)
June 4, 2025 CT HB 7288 Appropriates Funds for Connecticut's FY 2027 Budget and Amends Various Laws Relating to Bonds and Grants Bill Passed - House (144 - 4)
June 4, 2025 MI HB 4285 Requires the Department of Education and the Department of Natural Resources to Make a Model Program of Firearm Safety Instruction for Grades 6-12 Bill Passed - House (101 - 7)
June 3, 2025 LA SB 101 Authorizes Individuals Legally Permitted to Carry a Firearm to Do So Up to a School's Property line Bill Passed - House (74 - 23)
June 3, 2025 CA AB 477 Increases School Grants and Funding Amounts for Teacher Pay Bill Passed - House (72 - 1)
June 3, 2025 CA AB 477 Increases School Grants and Funding Amounts for Teacher Pay Bill Passed - House (72 - 1)
June 3, 2025 CA AB 1400 Authorizes Select Community Colleges to Offer Baccalaureate Degree Programs in Nursing Bill Passed - House (74 - 0)
June 2, 2025 NV SB 460 Amends Various Laws Relating to Education in Nevada Bill Passed - House (38 - 4)
June 2, 2025 ME LD 324 Increases Reading and Mathematics Proficiency in Public School "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (77 - 64)
June 2, 2025 CA AB 1348 Expands the List of Reasons a School May Request Average Daily Attendance Credits to Include Immigration Enforcement Actions Bill Passed - House (62 - 13)
June 1, 2025 TX SB 2972 Requires the Governing Boards of Institutions of Higher Education to Designate Areas on Campus for Public Forum and Prohibits Certain Activities During Student Demonstrations Conference Report Adopted - House (97 - 39)
June 1, 2025 TX HB 705 Establishes Participation in the Cosmetology Licensure Compact Conference Report Adopted - House (127 - 10)
May 31, 2025 TX SB 37 Authorizes Political Appointees to Review and Approve or Reject Courses and the Hiring of a Provost or Chief Academic Officer Conference Report Adopted - House (83 - 47)
Date No. Title Outcome
6/26 HB 694 Requires the Environmental Finance Center at UNC Chapel Hill to Study Water and Wastewater Regionalization Concurrence Vote Passed - House (66 - 42)
6/25 SB 254 Authorizes the Charter Schools Review Board to Propose, Recommend, and Approve Rules and Policies Regarding all Aspects of Charter School Operation Conference Report Adopted - House (73 - 36)
6/25 SB 254 Authorizes the Charter Schools Review Board to Propose, Recommend, and Approve Rules and Policies Regarding all Aspects of Charter School Operation Conference Report Adopted - House (73 - 36)
6/25 LD 747 Appropriates Funding to Reduce Student Homelessness (89 - 51)
6/25 SB 227 Prohibits Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Instruction in K-12 Education Bill Passed - House (67 - 48)
6/25 SB 558 Prohibits Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Public Higher Education Bill Passed - House (64 - 47)
6/24 HB 17 Requires Instruction of Cursive Handwriting in Elementary Schools Bill Passed - House (195 - 8)
6/24 HB 17 Requires Instruction of Cursive Handwriting in Elementary Schools Bill Passed - House (195 - 8)
6/23 HR 3422 Promoting Opportunities for Non-Traditional Capital Formation Act Bill Passed - House (321 - 87)
6/18 S 238 Establishes Protections Against the Censorship of Library Materials Bill Passed - House (60 - 11)
6/18 H 5421 Requires Video Monitoring Systems on All School Buses Bill Passed - House (69 - 2)
6/18 H 4227 Appropriates Funds for Transportation and Education for Fiscal Year 2025 Bill Passed - House (148 - 4)
6/17 S 1099 Requires the Commissioner of Education to Develop Policies to Ensure That School Libraries Have Access to the Widest Selection of Materials Available Bill Passed - House (89 - 46)
6/17 S 8344 Extends Provisions and Makes Technical Corrections to School Speed Zones in NYC Bill Passed - House (110 - 31)
6/17 S 1099 Requires the Commissioner of Education to Develop Policies to Ensure That School Libraries Have Access to the Widest Selection of Materials Available Bill Passed - House (89 - 46)
6/17 HB 91 Appropriates $3.2 million for All Public Schools to Offer Free Breakfast, Regardless of a Student's Income Level Bill Passed - House (35 - 1)
6/16 H 454 Amends and Modifies Provisions Related to Education Governance, Quality, and Finance Systems Conference Report Adopted - House (96 - 45)
6/16 SB 141 Establishes a Statewide Education Accountability System Bill Passed - House (39 - 15)
6/12 HB 4579 Appropriates Funding for the State Community College Budget Bill Passed - House (56 - 41)
6/12 HB 4580 Reduces Operational Funding Budgets for Higher Education Institutions Bill Passed - House (56 - 41)
6/11 HB 10 Establishes Regulations on the Labelling and Sale of Imitation Meat and Egg Products Bill Passed - House (92 - 0)
6/11 HB 4577 Appropriates Funding for Michigan's K-12 Public Schools Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
6/11 HB 3 Establishes the School Bus Safety Act Bill Passed - House (90 - 0)
6/11 HB 4576 Appropriates Funding for the State Department of Education Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
6/11 HB 4578 Appropriates Funding for the Michigan Department of Lifelong Education, Advancement, and Potential Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
6/09 SB 25 Establishes the St. George Community School System With the Same Authority as a Parish Bill Passed - House (70 - 24)
6/09 SB 1098 Prohibits Schools and Library districts from Removing Books with Stories about Religion, Disability, LGBTQ+ Issues, or Other Characteristics of a Protected Class Bill Passed - House (34 - 21)
6/09 HF 5 Increases the Basic Education Formula Allowance Bill Passed - House (97 - 36)
6/05 HB 10 Establishes a Parents' Bill of Rights Regarding their Child's Education and Prohibits Schools from Infringing on Such Rights Unless the Action is Narrowly Tailored to Address a Compelling State Interest Concurrence Vote Passed - House (210 - 160)
6/05 HB 10 Establishes a Parents' Bill of Rights Regarding their Child's Education and Prohibits Schools from Infringing on Such Rights Unless the Action is Narrowly Tailored to Address a Compelling State Interest Concurrence Vote Passed - House (210 - 160)
6/05 SB 295 Repeals Income Limits for Education Freedom Accounts Immediately but Includes a 12,250-Student Cap on the Program "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (190 - 178)
6/05 SB 295 Repeals Income Limits for Education Freedom Accounts Immediately but Includes a 12,250-Student Cap on the Program "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (190 - 178)
6/05 AB 84 Amends Processes for Authorizing Charter Schools Bill Passed - House (43 - 25)
6/05 AB 1454 Establishes Missing Links to California's Comprehensive Early Literacy Reforms Bill Passed - House (78 - 0)
6/05 AB 84 Amends Processes for Authorizing Charter Schools Bill Passed - House (43 - 25)
6/05 AB 1454 Establishes Missing Links to California's Comprehensive Early Literacy Reforms Bill Passed - House (78 - 0)
6/04 SB 234 Establishes and Provides for the St. George Community School System Bill Passed - House (60 - 26)
6/04 SB 234 Establishes and Provides for the St. George Community School System Bill Passed - House (60 - 26)
6/04 HB 7288 Appropriates Funds for Connecticut's FY 2027 Budget and Amends Various Laws Relating to Bonds and Grants Bill Passed - House (144 - 4)
6/04 HB 4285 Requires the Department of Education and the Department of Natural Resources to Make a Model Program of Firearm Safety Instruction for Grades 6-12 Bill Passed - House (101 - 7)
6/03 SB 101 Authorizes Individuals Legally Permitted to Carry a Firearm to Do So Up to a School's Property line Bill Passed - House (74 - 23)
6/03 AB 477 Increases School Grants and Funding Amounts for Teacher Pay Bill Passed - House (72 - 1)
6/03 AB 477 Increases School Grants and Funding Amounts for Teacher Pay Bill Passed - House (72 - 1)
6/03 AB 1400 Authorizes Select Community Colleges to Offer Baccalaureate Degree Programs in Nursing Bill Passed - House (74 - 0)
6/02 SB 460 Amends Various Laws Relating to Education in Nevada Bill Passed - House (38 - 4)
6/02 LD 324 Increases Reading and Mathematics Proficiency in Public School "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (77 - 64)
6/02 AB 1348 Expands the List of Reasons a School May Request Average Daily Attendance Credits to Include Immigration Enforcement Actions Bill Passed - House (62 - 13)
6/01 SB 2972 Requires the Governing Boards of Institutions of Higher Education to Designate Areas on Campus for Public Forum and Prohibits Certain Activities During Student Demonstrations Conference Report Adopted - House (97 - 39)
6/01 HB 705 Establishes Participation in the Cosmetology Licensure Compact Conference Report Adopted - House (127 - 10)
5/31 SB 37 Authorizes Political Appointees to Review and Approve or Reject Courses and the Hiring of a Provost or Chief Academic Officer Conference Report Adopted - House (83 - 47)
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