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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
April 16, 2025 NV AB 96 Requires Municipalities to Include a Heat Mitigation Plan in Their Master Plans Bill Passed - House (29 - 13)
April 16, 2025 NV AB 96 Requires Municipalities to Include a Heat Mitigation Plan in Their Master Plans Bill Passed - House (29 - 13)
April 16, 2025 NC HB 133 Prohibits Foreign Governments From Purchasing, Acquiring, or Leasing Agricultural Land Bill Passed - House (111 - 0)
April 16, 2025 FL SB 700 Establishes the 2025 Florida Farm Bill and Prohibits Fluoride in Water Supplies Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 9)
April 15, 2025 AZ SB 1309 Requires Improvements of the Electrical Power Grid to Protect Against Severe Weather and Drought Conditions Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (17 - 13)
April 15, 2025 AR HB 1656 Amends State Law Regarding Oil and Gas Production and Conservation Concurrence Vote Passed - House (86 - 6)
April 15, 2025 AZ SB 1309 Requires Improvements of the Electrical Power Grid to Protect Against Severe Weather and Drought Conditions Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (17 - 13)
April 15, 2025 WA HB 1975 Amends the Climate Commitment Act by Adjusting Auction Price Containment Mechanisms and Ceiling Prices Bill Passed - Senate (45 - 3)
April 15, 2025 AR HB 1683 Prohibits the Procurement by a Governmental Entity of an Electric Vehicle or a Component that was Manufactured Using Forced Labor Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 9)
April 15, 2025 AL HB 509 Prohibits Alabama State Agencies from Killing, Testing, or Restricting the Transfer of Game Breeder-Owned Cervids (Deer) Bill Passed - House (84 - 8)
April 15, 2025 TX SB 1758 Limits the Liability of Kiln Operators Whose Activities Cause Seismic Disturbances in Texas Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 4)
April 14, 2025 WA SB 5284 Reduces Waste Going into Landfills and Creates a Uniform State Recycling System Bill Passed - House (51 - 45)
April 14, 2025 ND HB 1318 Increases the Standard for Proving Liability for Lawsuits Involving Pesticides Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 18)
April 14, 2025 CO HB 25-1180 Prohibits Selling a Pet or Offering One for Adoption on the Side of the Road, in a Parking Lot, or at a Public Market Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 1)
April 14, 2025 OR HB 3863 Requires the Public Utility Commission to set a Cap at No Less than 10 Megawatts for the Use of Standard Avoided Cost Rates Bill Passed - House (40 - 15)
April 12, 2025 WV HB 2014 Establishes the Certified Industrial Business Expansion Microgrid Development Program and the High-Impact Data Center Program Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 1)
April 12, 2025 WV HB 2014 Establishes the Certified Industrial Business Expansion Microgrid Development Program and the High-Impact Data Center Program Concurrence Vote Passed - House (82 - 16)
April 12, 2025 MT HB 763 Increases the Base Hunting License Fee for All Nonresidents from $15 to $100 Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (48 - 2)
April 11, 2025 CO HB 25-1182 Requires Home Insurance Companies to Take into Account Wildfire Mitigation Work Done by Homeowners and Communities when Calculating a Property's Risk Concurrence Vote Passed - House (42 - 20)
April 11, 2025 CO HB 25-1113 Prohibits Local Governments from Allowing Nonfunctional Turf from being Installed as part of a New or Redeveloped Multifamily Residential Property Concurrence Vote Passed - House (41 - 21)
April 11, 2025 ND SB 2137 Authorizes Hunters to Bait Deer on Private Property Bill Passed - House (56 - 34)
April 11, 2025 AR SB 290 Establishes a Permit Moratorium for Hog Farms in the Buffalo River Watershed Bill Passed - House (70 - 11)
April 11, 2025 AR SB 290 Establishes a Permit Moratorium for Hog Farms in the Buffalo River Watershed Bill Passed - House (70 - 11)
April 10, 2025 National H J Res 20 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for Consumer Gas-fired Instantaneous Water Heaters" Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (53 - 44)
April 10, 2025 National H J Res 20 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for Consumer Gas-fired Instantaneous Water Heaters" Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (53 - 44)
April 10, 2025 TX HB 1400 Establishes a Fund for Groundwater Research, Science, and Innovation Bill Passed - House (133 - 14)
April 9, 2025 ND HB 1470 Increases the Price for Hunting and Fishing Licenses Concurrence Vote Passed - House (59 - 32)
April 9, 2025 National H J Res 20 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for Consumer Gas-fired Instantaneous Water Heaters" Motion Agreed - Senate (52 - 46)
April 9, 2025 National H J Res 20 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for Consumer Gas-fired Instantaneous Water Heaters" Motion Agreed - Senate (52 - 46)
April 9, 2025 AR HB 1656 Amends State Law Regarding Oil and Gas Production and Conservation Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 6)
April 9, 2025 AZ HB 2203 Amends Current Groundwater Statutes in Arizona Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 14)
April 9, 2025 AZ HB 2203 Amends Current Groundwater Statutes in Arizona Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 14)
April 8, 2025 IA SF 491 Prohibits Remote-Piloted Drones Over Farmstead Without Landowner's Permission Bill Passed - House (89 - 7)
April 8, 2025 HI SB 438 Prohibits Landfills Over Aquifers Bill Passed - House (45 - 5)
April 8, 2025 HI SB 438 Prohibits Landfills Over Aquifers Bill Passed - House (45 - 5)
April 8, 2025 NY S 3026 Prohibits Surgical Devocalization Procedures on Dogs and Cats Bill Passed - Senate (62 - 0)
April 8, 2025 DE HB 62 Increases Protections Individuals Have From Utility Shutoffs Bill Passed - House (28 - 12)
April 8, 2025 NY S 5014 Prohibits the Importation, Transportation, and Possession of Certain African Wildlife Species and Products Bill Passed - Senate (54 - 8)
April 8, 2025 NY S 252 Establishes an Exotic Animal Sale and Ownership Ban Bill Passed - Senate (56 - 6)
April 8, 2025 NY S 364 Prohibits Insurance Policy Restrictions Based on Owning Specific Dog Breeds Bill Passed - Senate (61 - 1)
April 8, 2025 NY S 3629 Prohibits the Use of Certain Animals in Traveling Animal Acts Bill Passed - Senate (52 - 10)
April 8, 2025 NY S 3158 Establishes Animal Fighting as a Criminal Act Bill Passed - Senate (61 - 1)
April 8, 2025 NY S 197 Establishes Tucker's Law and Authorizes Certain Sentencing for Aggravated Animal Cruelty Bill Passed - Senate (61 - 1)
April 7, 2025 MO HB 508 Exempts Capital Gains from State Income Tax Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 6)
April 7, 2025 AR HB 1683 Prohibits the Procurement by a Governmental Entity of an Electric Vehicle or a Component that was Manufactured Using Forced Labor Bill Passed - House (74 - 14)
April 7, 2025 IA SF 608 Amends and Updates the Grain Indemnity Program Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 8)
April 4, 2025 CO HB 25-1182 Requires Home Insurance Companies to Take into Account Wildfire Mitigation Work Done by Homeowners and Communities when Calculating a Property's Risk Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
April 4, 2025 CO HB 25-1113 Prohibits Local Governments from Allowing Nonfunctional Turf from being Installed as part of a New or Redeveloped Multifamily Residential Property Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 11)
April 4, 2025 ND HB 1258 Amends the Authority for Large Energy Developments Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 18)
April 3, 2025 SC H 3309 Authorizes Santee Cooper and Dominion Energy to Enter Into an Agreement to Build a Gas Powerplant Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 3)
Date No. Title Outcome
4/16 AB 96 Requires Municipalities to Include a Heat Mitigation Plan in Their Master Plans Bill Passed - House (29 - 13)
4/16 AB 96 Requires Municipalities to Include a Heat Mitigation Plan in Their Master Plans Bill Passed - House (29 - 13)
4/16 HB 133 Prohibits Foreign Governments From Purchasing, Acquiring, or Leasing Agricultural Land Bill Passed - House (111 - 0)
4/16 SB 700 Establishes the 2025 Florida Farm Bill and Prohibits Fluoride in Water Supplies Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 9)
4/15 SB 1309 Requires Improvements of the Electrical Power Grid to Protect Against Severe Weather and Drought Conditions Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (17 - 13)
4/15 HB 1656 Amends State Law Regarding Oil and Gas Production and Conservation Concurrence Vote Passed - House (86 - 6)
4/15 SB 1309 Requires Improvements of the Electrical Power Grid to Protect Against Severe Weather and Drought Conditions Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (17 - 13)
4/15 HB 1975 Amends the Climate Commitment Act by Adjusting Auction Price Containment Mechanisms and Ceiling Prices Bill Passed - Senate (45 - 3)
4/15 HB 1683 Prohibits the Procurement by a Governmental Entity of an Electric Vehicle or a Component that was Manufactured Using Forced Labor Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 9)
4/15 HB 509 Prohibits Alabama State Agencies from Killing, Testing, or Restricting the Transfer of Game Breeder-Owned Cervids (Deer) Bill Passed - House (84 - 8)
4/15 SB 1758 Limits the Liability of Kiln Operators Whose Activities Cause Seismic Disturbances in Texas Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 4)
4/14 SB 5284 Reduces Waste Going into Landfills and Creates a Uniform State Recycling System Bill Passed - House (51 - 45)
4/14 HB 1318 Increases the Standard for Proving Liability for Lawsuits Involving Pesticides Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 18)
4/14 HB 25-1180 Prohibits Selling a Pet or Offering One for Adoption on the Side of the Road, in a Parking Lot, or at a Public Market Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 1)
4/14 HB 3863 Requires the Public Utility Commission to set a Cap at No Less than 10 Megawatts for the Use of Standard Avoided Cost Rates Bill Passed - House (40 - 15)
4/12 HB 2014 Establishes the Certified Industrial Business Expansion Microgrid Development Program and the High-Impact Data Center Program Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 1)
4/12 HB 2014 Establishes the Certified Industrial Business Expansion Microgrid Development Program and the High-Impact Data Center Program Concurrence Vote Passed - House (82 - 16)
4/12 HB 763 Increases the Base Hunting License Fee for All Nonresidents from $15 to $100 Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (48 - 2)
4/11 HB 25-1182 Requires Home Insurance Companies to Take into Account Wildfire Mitigation Work Done by Homeowners and Communities when Calculating a Property's Risk Concurrence Vote Passed - House (42 - 20)
4/11 HB 25-1113 Prohibits Local Governments from Allowing Nonfunctional Turf from being Installed as part of a New or Redeveloped Multifamily Residential Property Concurrence Vote Passed - House (41 - 21)
4/11 SB 2137 Authorizes Hunters to Bait Deer on Private Property Bill Passed - House (56 - 34)
4/11 SB 290 Establishes a Permit Moratorium for Hog Farms in the Buffalo River Watershed Bill Passed - House (70 - 11)
4/11 SB 290 Establishes a Permit Moratorium for Hog Farms in the Buffalo River Watershed Bill Passed - House (70 - 11)
4/10 H J Res 20 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for Consumer Gas-fired Instantaneous Water Heaters" Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (53 - 44)
4/10 H J Res 20 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for Consumer Gas-fired Instantaneous Water Heaters" Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (53 - 44)
4/10 HB 1400 Establishes a Fund for Groundwater Research, Science, and Innovation Bill Passed - House (133 - 14)
4/09 HB 1470 Increases the Price for Hunting and Fishing Licenses Concurrence Vote Passed - House (59 - 32)
4/09 H J Res 20 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for Consumer Gas-fired Instantaneous Water Heaters" Motion Agreed - Senate (52 - 46)
4/09 H J Res 20 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for Consumer Gas-fired Instantaneous Water Heaters" Motion Agreed - Senate (52 - 46)
4/09 HB 1656 Amends State Law Regarding Oil and Gas Production and Conservation Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 6)
4/09 HB 2203 Amends Current Groundwater Statutes in Arizona Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 14)
4/09 HB 2203 Amends Current Groundwater Statutes in Arizona Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 14)
4/08 SF 491 Prohibits Remote-Piloted Drones Over Farmstead Without Landowner's Permission Bill Passed - House (89 - 7)
4/08 SB 438 Prohibits Landfills Over Aquifers Bill Passed - House (45 - 5)
4/08 SB 438 Prohibits Landfills Over Aquifers Bill Passed - House (45 - 5)
4/08 S 3026 Prohibits Surgical Devocalization Procedures on Dogs and Cats Bill Passed - Senate (62 - 0)
4/08 HB 62 Increases Protections Individuals Have From Utility Shutoffs Bill Passed - House (28 - 12)
4/08 S 5014 Prohibits the Importation, Transportation, and Possession of Certain African Wildlife Species and Products Bill Passed - Senate (54 - 8)
4/08 S 252 Establishes an Exotic Animal Sale and Ownership Ban Bill Passed - Senate (56 - 6)
4/08 S 364 Prohibits Insurance Policy Restrictions Based on Owning Specific Dog Breeds Bill Passed - Senate (61 - 1)
4/08 S 3629 Prohibits the Use of Certain Animals in Traveling Animal Acts Bill Passed - Senate (52 - 10)
4/08 S 3158 Establishes Animal Fighting as a Criminal Act Bill Passed - Senate (61 - 1)
4/08 S 197 Establishes Tucker's Law and Authorizes Certain Sentencing for Aggravated Animal Cruelty Bill Passed - Senate (61 - 1)
4/07 HB 508 Exempts Capital Gains from State Income Tax Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 6)
4/07 HB 1683 Prohibits the Procurement by a Governmental Entity of an Electric Vehicle or a Component that was Manufactured Using Forced Labor Bill Passed - House (74 - 14)
4/07 SF 608 Amends and Updates the Grain Indemnity Program Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 8)
4/04 HB 25-1182 Requires Home Insurance Companies to Take into Account Wildfire Mitigation Work Done by Homeowners and Communities when Calculating a Property's Risk Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
4/04 HB 25-1113 Prohibits Local Governments from Allowing Nonfunctional Turf from being Installed as part of a New or Redeveloped Multifamily Residential Property Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 11)
4/04 HB 1258 Amends the Authority for Large Energy Developments Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 18)
4/03 H 3309 Authorizes Santee Cooper and Dominion Energy to Enter Into an Agreement to Build a Gas Powerplant Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 3)
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