Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
March 24, 2025 National PN 12-25 Nomination of Christopher Landau to be Deputy Secretary of State Nomination Confirmed - Senate (60 - 31)
March 24, 2025 IN HB 1393 Requires Law Enforcement to Report Arrestees for Suspected Illegal Immigration Status Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 10)
March 24, 2025 NJ S 3199 Establishes the New Jersey-Haiti Commission Bill Passed - House (63 - 3)
March 24, 2025 OR SB 599 Prohibits Landlords From Inquiring About the Immigration or Citizenship Status of an Applicant, Tenant, or Other Member of a Household Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 8)
March 20, 2025 KS HB 2020 Requires a Quarterly Report Listing the Names, Addresses and Registration Numbers of Certain Non-Citizens Who Have Been Issued a Driver's License Concurrence Vote Passed - House (83 - 35)
March 20, 2025 IA HF 572 Establishes the Criminal Offense of Human Smuggling Bill Passed - House (75 - 14)
March 20, 2025 MI HB 4195 Authorizes Undocumented Individuals to Obtain Driver's Licenses and State ID's Bill Failed - House (39 - 64)
March 19, 2025 KS HB 2020 Requires a Quarterly Report Listing the Names, Addresses and Registration Numbers of Certain Non-Citizens Who Have Been Issued a Driver's License Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 8)
March 19, 2025 TX SB 17 Increases Sanctions Against Foreign Entities from Purchasing Land in Texas Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 7)
March 18, 2025 WI AB 24 Requires State Assistance with Federal Immigration Enforcement Bill Passed - House (51 - 43)
March 17, 2025 MD SB 828 Prohibits Local Law Enforcement Agencies From Entering Agreements With Federal Immigration Officials Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 13)
March 17, 2025 ID H 135 Prohibits Unauthorized Immigrants From Accessing Publicly Funded Assistance Bill Passed - House (46 - 22)
March 17, 2025 MD HB 1222 Prohibits Local Law Enforcement Agencies From Entering Agreements With Federal Immigration Officials Bill Passed - House (98 - 38)
March 14, 2025 KY HB 45 Prohibits Foreign Donors and Entities from Donating to Campaigns for Ballot Measures Concurrence Vote Passed - House (77 - 12)
March 14, 2025 National PN 12-16 Nomination of Stephen Feinberg to be Deputy Secretary of Defense Nomination Confirmed - Senate (59 - 40)
March 14, 2025 KY HB 315 Prohibits Certain Hostile Foreign Entities from Acquiring Agricultural Land in Kentucky Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 2)
March 14, 2025 National PN 12-25 Nomination of Christopher Landau to be Deputy Secretary of State Cloture Invoked - Senate (63 - 32)
March 14, 2025 National PN 12-16 Nomination of Stephen Feinberg to be Deputy Secretary of Defense Cloture Invoked - Senate (56 - 39)
March 14, 2025 National PN 12-36 Nomination of John Phelan to be Secretary of the Navy Cloture Invoked - Senate (64 - 33)
March 13, 2025 OK HB 1362 Establishes Illegal Immigration as a Felony Bill Passed - House (73 - 16)
March 13, 2025 VT S 44 Prohibits Public Agencies From Entering Into an Agreement Without Governor Authorization Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 1)
March 11, 2025 ID H 83 Authorizes Law Enforcement to Regulate Undocumented Immigrants if They are Involved in Crimes Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 6)
March 11, 2025 KY HB 45 Prohibits Foreign Donors and Entities from Donating to Campaigns for Ballot Measures Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 6)
March 10, 2025 WA HB 1321 Prohibits Any Federal Armed Forces from Entering the State Without Governor Authority Bill Passed - House (58 - 37)
March 10, 2025 National HR 993 Emerging Innovative Border Technologies Act Bill Passed - House (406 - 9)
Date No. Title Outcome
3/24 PN 12-25 Nomination of Christopher Landau to be Deputy Secretary of State Nomination Confirmed - Senate (60 - 31)
3/24 HB 1393 Requires Law Enforcement to Report Arrestees for Suspected Illegal Immigration Status Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 10)
3/24 S 3199 Establishes the New Jersey-Haiti Commission Bill Passed - House (63 - 3)
3/24 SB 599 Prohibits Landlords From Inquiring About the Immigration or Citizenship Status of an Applicant, Tenant, or Other Member of a Household Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 8)
3/20 HB 2020 Requires a Quarterly Report Listing the Names, Addresses and Registration Numbers of Certain Non-Citizens Who Have Been Issued a Driver's License Concurrence Vote Passed - House (83 - 35)
3/20 HF 572 Establishes the Criminal Offense of Human Smuggling Bill Passed - House (75 - 14)
3/20 HB 4195 Authorizes Undocumented Individuals to Obtain Driver's Licenses and State ID's Bill Failed - House (39 - 64)
3/19 HB 2020 Requires a Quarterly Report Listing the Names, Addresses and Registration Numbers of Certain Non-Citizens Who Have Been Issued a Driver's License Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 8)
3/19 SB 17 Increases Sanctions Against Foreign Entities from Purchasing Land in Texas Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 7)
3/18 AB 24 Requires State Assistance with Federal Immigration Enforcement Bill Passed - House (51 - 43)
3/17 SB 828 Prohibits Local Law Enforcement Agencies From Entering Agreements With Federal Immigration Officials Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 13)
3/17 H 135 Prohibits Unauthorized Immigrants From Accessing Publicly Funded Assistance Bill Passed - House (46 - 22)
3/17 HB 1222 Prohibits Local Law Enforcement Agencies From Entering Agreements With Federal Immigration Officials Bill Passed - House (98 - 38)
3/14 HB 45 Prohibits Foreign Donors and Entities from Donating to Campaigns for Ballot Measures Concurrence Vote Passed - House (77 - 12)
3/14 PN 12-16 Nomination of Stephen Feinberg to be Deputy Secretary of Defense Nomination Confirmed - Senate (59 - 40)
3/14 HB 315 Prohibits Certain Hostile Foreign Entities from Acquiring Agricultural Land in Kentucky Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 2)
3/14 PN 12-25 Nomination of Christopher Landau to be Deputy Secretary of State Cloture Invoked - Senate (63 - 32)
3/14 PN 12-16 Nomination of Stephen Feinberg to be Deputy Secretary of Defense Cloture Invoked - Senate (56 - 39)
3/14 PN 12-36 Nomination of John Phelan to be Secretary of the Navy Cloture Invoked - Senate (64 - 33)
3/13 HB 1362 Establishes Illegal Immigration as a Felony Bill Passed - House (73 - 16)
3/13 S 44 Prohibits Public Agencies From Entering Into an Agreement Without Governor Authorization Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 1)
3/11 H 83 Authorizes Law Enforcement to Regulate Undocumented Immigrants if They are Involved in Crimes Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 6)
3/11 HB 45 Prohibits Foreign Donors and Entities from Donating to Campaigns for Ballot Measures Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 6)
3/10 HB 1321 Prohibits Any Federal Armed Forces from Entering the State Without Governor Authority Bill Passed - House (58 - 37)
3/10 HR 993 Emerging Innovative Border Technologies Act Bill Passed - House (406 - 9)

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