Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
June 19, 2025 NC SB 266 Repeals North Carolina's Interim 2030 Carbon-Reduction Mandate Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (29 - 11)
June 19, 2025 NC HB 442 Establishes Longer Flounder/Red Snapper Seasons and Shrimp Trawl Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 2)
June 18, 2025 OH HB 65 Establishes Various Dates for Agricultural Appreciation Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 0)
June 18, 2025 DE HB 164 Authorizes Fines and Fee Increases for the Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC) and the Department of Transportation (DelDOT). Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 4)
June 18, 2025 OH HB 64 Reduces the Age of Eligibility for Discounted Hunting and Fishing Licenses From 66 to 65 Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 0)
June 18, 2025 OR SB 1051 Authorizes the Governor to Appoint a State Forester With Senate Confirmation Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 6)
June 17, 2025 NY S 6360 Amends and Clarifies Provisions Regarding the Use of Crossbows for Hunting Bill Passed - House (139 - 2)
June 17, 2025 NY S 6360 Amends and Clarifies Provisions Regarding the Use of Crossbows for Hunting Bill Passed - Senate (57 - 2)
June 16, 2025 ME LD 1868 Authorizes the Maine the Public Utilities Commission to Coordinate with Other States in the Procurement of Transmission Capacity Resources and Specified Energy Credits "Ought to Pass as Amended" Report Adopted - House (77 - 68)
June 16, 2025 ME LD 297 Extends Certain Provisions Relating to the Management of Wastewater Treatment Plant Sludge at the State-Owned Landfill in Maine Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (24 - 10)
June 16, 2025 NY S 8012 Amends the Valuation of Renewable Energy in New York Bill Passed - House (88 - 56)
June 16, 2025 NY S 8012 Amends the Valuation of Renewable Energy in New York Bill Passed - House (88 - 56)
June 13, 2025 ME LD 1868 Authorizes the Maine the Public Utilities Commission to Coordinate with Other States in the Procurement of Transmission Capacity Resources and Specified Energy Credits "Ought to Pass as Amended" Report Adopted - Senate (19 - 16)
June 12, 2025 NY S 8421 Amends Various Laws Relating to Consumer Utilities in New York Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 23)
June 12, 2025 DE HB 164 Authorizes Fines and Fee Increases for the Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC) and the Department of Transportation (DelDOT). Bill Passed - House (27 - 13)
June 12, 2025 NY S 2057 Prohibits any Person from Selling or Offering for Sale a Personal Care Product or Cosmetic Product Containing a Restricted Substance as an Intentionally Added Ingredient in any Amount or Lead Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 10)
June 11, 2025 NY A 6556 Authorizes Cruelty to Animals to be Considered as a Factor for a Temporary Extreme Risk Protection Order Bill Passed - Senate (58 - 1)
June 11, 2025 ME LD 297 Extends Certain Provisions Relating to the Management of Wastewater Treatment Plant Sludge at the State-Owned Landfill in Maine "Ought to Pass as Amended" Report Adopted - House (85 - 57)
June 11, 2025 NY S 6573 Requires Municipal Employees to Attempt to Identify and Notify the Owners of a Deceased Dog or Cat Recovered on Public Roads Bill Passed - Senate (59 - 0)
June 11, 2025 PA HB 1431 Repeals the Prohibition on Sunday Hunting Bill Passed - House (131 - 72)
June 11, 2025 PA HB 1431 Repeals the Prohibition on Sunday Hunting Bill Passed - House (131 - 72)
June 10, 2025 LA HB 692 Establishes Energy Policy Regarding Affordable, Reliable Power Sources and Grid Resilience Concurrence Vote Passed - House (83 - 17)
June 10, 2025 LA HB 692 Establishes Energy Policy Regarding Affordable, Reliable Power Sources and Grid Resilience Concurrence Vote Passed - House (83 - 17)
June 10, 2025 LA HB 692 Establishes Energy Policy Regarding Affordable, Reliable Power Sources and Grid Resilience Concurrence Vote Passed - House (83 - 17)
June 10, 2025 National PN 13-6 Nomination of David Fotouhi to be Deputy Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 41)
June 10, 2025 National PN 12-43 Nomination of Stephen Vaden to be Deputy Secretary of Agriculture Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 44)
June 10, 2025 NC SB 266 Repeals North Carolina's Interim 2030 Carbon-Reduction Mandate Bill Passed - House (75 - 36)
June 10, 2025 National PN 12-43 Nomination of Stephen Vaden to be Deputy Secretary of Agriculture Cloture Invoked - Senate (48 - 45)
June 10, 2025 DE SB 159 Authorizes Renewable Energy Substations in Industrial Zones Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 5)
June 10, 2025 DE SB 159 Authorizes Renewable Energy Substations in Industrial Zones Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 5)
June 10, 2025 NY S 8012 Amends the Valuation of Renewable Energy in New York Bill Passed - Senate (43 - 15)
June 10, 2025 NY S 8012 Amends the Valuation of Renewable Energy in New York Bill Passed - Senate (43 - 15)
June 9, 2025 National PN 13-6 Nomination of David Fotouhi to be Deputy Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 43)
June 8, 2025 LA HB 581 Prohibits the Outdoor Release of Lighter-Than-Air Balloons Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
June 8, 2025 LA HB 581 Prohibits the Outdoor Release of Lighter-Than-Air Balloons Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
June 8, 2025 LA HB 581 Prohibits the Outdoor Release of Lighter-Than-Air Balloons Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
June 5, 2025 CA AB 825 Establishes the Independent System Operator as a Regional Organization Bill Passed - House (57 - 5)
June 5, 2025 CA AB 825 Establishes the Independent System Operator as a Regional Organization Bill Passed - House (57 - 5)
June 4, 2025 CT HB 7231 Authorizes Sunday Hunting on Private Land Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 4)
June 4, 2025 CT HB 5004 Establishes a New Goal of Net-Zero Greenhouse Gas Emissions Statewide by 2050 Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 10)
June 4, 2025 CT HB 5004 Establishes a New Goal of Net-Zero Greenhouse Gas Emissions Statewide by 2050 Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 10)
June 4, 2025 OH SB 100 Exempts Nonprofit Agricultural Membership Organizations From Insurance Regulations Bill Passed - House (90 - 3)
June 4, 2025 CT HB 7231 Authorizes Sunday Hunting on Private Land Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 4)
June 4, 2025 CA SB 500 Authorizes Utilities to Provide Energy Use Data Via an Approved Alternative System or Tool Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 10)
June 4, 2025 CA SB 254 Establishes the Policy-Oriented and Wildfire Electric Reimbursement (POWER) Program Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 10)
June 4, 2025 CA SB 254 Establishes the Policy-Oriented and Wildfire Electric Reimbursement (POWER) Program Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 10)
June 3, 2025 OR SB 777 Increases Compensation to Ranchers for Wolf Kills Bill Passed - House (44 - 12)
June 3, 2025 CT SB 4 Authorizes Bonds to Pay for Public Benefits Charges Currently Included on Customers' Electric Bills Bill Passed - House (144 - 3)
June 3, 2025 OR SB 777 Increases Compensation to Ranchers for Wolf Kills Bill Passed - House (44 - 12)
June 3, 2025 CT HB 7087 Establishes a Community Solar Program Available to All Classes of Taxpayers, and Authorizes Solar Installation on Underutilized Spaces Bill Passed - House (103 - 42)
June 3, 2025 RI H 5310 Establishes Reforms to the Rhode Island Housing and Conservation Trust Fund Bill Passed - House (59 - 10)
June 3, 2025 CA AB 942 Prohibits New Eligible Customer-Generators from Receiving Solar Credit when Purchasing Real Property Bill Passed - House (46 - 14)
June 3, 2025 CT HB 7087 Establishes a Community Solar Program Available to All Classes of Taxpayers, and Authorizes Solar Installation on Underutilized Spaces Bill Passed - House (103 - 42)
June 3, 2025 RI S 938 Establishes Green Crab Harvesting Rules and Commercial License Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 0)
June 3, 2025 RI S 938 Establishes Green Crab Harvesting Rules and Commercial License Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 0)
June 3, 2025 RI S 938 Establishes Green Crab Harvesting Rules and Commercial License Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 0)
June 2, 2025 ME LD 186 Authorizes the Maine Public Utilities Commission to Establish Time-of-Use Pricing for Standard-Offer Service "Ought to Pass as Amended" Report Adopted - Senate (20 - 14)
June 2, 2025 NV AB 381 Expands Protections and Penalties Related to Animal Cruelty and Rescue Situations Bill Passed - Senate (14 - 7)
June 2, 2025 ME LD 186 Authorizes the Maine Public Utilities Commission to Establish Time-of-Use Pricing for Standard-Offer Service "Ought to Pass as Amended" Report Adopted - House (74 - 66)
June 2, 2025 CA AB 954 Establishes 2 Regional Bike Highways Bill Passed - House (59 - 19)
June 2, 2025 CA AB 399 Authorizes the California Coastal Commission to Make Blue Carbon Demonstration Projects Bill Passed - House (54 - 18)
June 2, 2025 CT SB 4 Authorizes Bonds to Pay for Public Benefits Charges Currently Included on Customers' Electric Bills Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 1)
June 2, 2025 CA AB 823 Prohibits the Sale of Personal Care Products that Contain Plastic Glitter or Plastic Micro-Beads Bill Passed - House (63 - 10)
June 2, 2025 CA AB 1 Requires Wildfire Regulations to be Updated Bill Passed - House (79 - 0)
June 2, 2025 CA AB 1 Requires Wildfire Regulations to be Updated Bill Passed - House (79 - 0)
June 2, 2025 CA SB 831 Expands the Duties of the Department of Conservation to Review Geologic Hazards that May Occur in Relation to Climate Change Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 0)
June 2, 2025 CA SB 831 Expands the Duties of the Department of Conservation to Review Geologic Hazards that May Occur in Relation to Climate Change Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 0)
May 31, 2025 IL HB 2987 Establishes the Warehouse Tornado Preparedness Act Concurrence Vote Passed - House (99 - 15)
May 30, 2025 TX SB 17 Increases Sanctions Against Foreign Entities from Purchasing Land in Texas Conference Report Adopted - Senate (23 - 8)
May 29, 2025 TX SB 17 Increases Sanctions Against Foreign Entities from Purchasing Land in Texas Conference Report Adopted - House (85 - 57)
May 29, 2025 TX HJR 7 Appropriates Billions of Dollars to Stave off a Looming Water Crisis Concurrence Vote Passed - House (122 - 2)
May 29, 2025 TX HB 1690 Authorizes Notice Requirements for Groundwater Transfer Permit Applications Across Conservation Districts Concurrence Vote Passed - House (133 - 1)
May 29, 2025 TX HB 1690 Authorizes Notice Requirements for Groundwater Transfer Permit Applications Across Conservation Districts Concurrence Vote Passed - House (133 - 1)
May 29, 2025 LA SB 46 Prohibits the Intentional Release of, or Dispersion of Chemicals into the Environment of Effecting Temperature State. Bill Passed - House (58 - 33)
May 29, 2025 LA SB 46 Prohibits the Intentional Release of, or Dispersion of Chemicals into the Environment of Effecting Temperature State. Bill Passed - House (58 - 33)
Date No. Title Outcome
6/19 SB 266 Repeals North Carolina's Interim 2030 Carbon-Reduction Mandate Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (29 - 11)
6/19 HB 442 Establishes Longer Flounder/Red Snapper Seasons and Shrimp Trawl Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 2)
6/18 HB 65 Establishes Various Dates for Agricultural Appreciation Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 0)
6/18 HB 164 Authorizes Fines and Fee Increases for the Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC) and the Department of Transportation (DelDOT). Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 4)
6/18 HB 64 Reduces the Age of Eligibility for Discounted Hunting and Fishing Licenses From 66 to 65 Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 0)
6/18 SB 1051 Authorizes the Governor to Appoint a State Forester With Senate Confirmation Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 6)
6/17 S 6360 Amends and Clarifies Provisions Regarding the Use of Crossbows for Hunting Bill Passed - House (139 - 2)
6/17 S 6360 Amends and Clarifies Provisions Regarding the Use of Crossbows for Hunting Bill Passed - Senate (57 - 2)
6/16 LD 1868 Authorizes the Maine the Public Utilities Commission to Coordinate with Other States in the Procurement of Transmission Capacity Resources and Specified Energy Credits "Ought to Pass as Amended" Report Adopted - House (77 - 68)
6/16 LD 297 Extends Certain Provisions Relating to the Management of Wastewater Treatment Plant Sludge at the State-Owned Landfill in Maine Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (24 - 10)
6/16 S 8012 Amends the Valuation of Renewable Energy in New York Bill Passed - House (88 - 56)
6/16 S 8012 Amends the Valuation of Renewable Energy in New York Bill Passed - House (88 - 56)
6/13 LD 1868 Authorizes the Maine the Public Utilities Commission to Coordinate with Other States in the Procurement of Transmission Capacity Resources and Specified Energy Credits "Ought to Pass as Amended" Report Adopted - Senate (19 - 16)
6/12 S 8421 Amends Various Laws Relating to Consumer Utilities in New York Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 23)
6/12 HB 164 Authorizes Fines and Fee Increases for the Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC) and the Department of Transportation (DelDOT). Bill Passed - House (27 - 13)
6/12 S 2057 Prohibits any Person from Selling or Offering for Sale a Personal Care Product or Cosmetic Product Containing a Restricted Substance as an Intentionally Added Ingredient in any Amount or Lead Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 10)
6/11 A 6556 Authorizes Cruelty to Animals to be Considered as a Factor for a Temporary Extreme Risk Protection Order Bill Passed - Senate (58 - 1)
6/11 LD 297 Extends Certain Provisions Relating to the Management of Wastewater Treatment Plant Sludge at the State-Owned Landfill in Maine "Ought to Pass as Amended" Report Adopted - House (85 - 57)
6/11 S 6573 Requires Municipal Employees to Attempt to Identify and Notify the Owners of a Deceased Dog or Cat Recovered on Public Roads Bill Passed - Senate (59 - 0)
6/11 HB 1431 Repeals the Prohibition on Sunday Hunting Bill Passed - House (131 - 72)
6/11 HB 1431 Repeals the Prohibition on Sunday Hunting Bill Passed - House (131 - 72)
6/10 HB 692 Establishes Energy Policy Regarding Affordable, Reliable Power Sources and Grid Resilience Concurrence Vote Passed - House (83 - 17)
6/10 HB 692 Establishes Energy Policy Regarding Affordable, Reliable Power Sources and Grid Resilience Concurrence Vote Passed - House (83 - 17)
6/10 HB 692 Establishes Energy Policy Regarding Affordable, Reliable Power Sources and Grid Resilience Concurrence Vote Passed - House (83 - 17)
6/10 PN 13-6 Nomination of David Fotouhi to be Deputy Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 41)
6/10 PN 12-43 Nomination of Stephen Vaden to be Deputy Secretary of Agriculture Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 44)
6/10 SB 266 Repeals North Carolina's Interim 2030 Carbon-Reduction Mandate Bill Passed - House (75 - 36)
6/10 PN 12-43 Nomination of Stephen Vaden to be Deputy Secretary of Agriculture Cloture Invoked - Senate (48 - 45)
6/10 SB 159 Authorizes Renewable Energy Substations in Industrial Zones Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 5)
6/10 SB 159 Authorizes Renewable Energy Substations in Industrial Zones Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 5)
6/10 S 8012 Amends the Valuation of Renewable Energy in New York Bill Passed - Senate (43 - 15)
6/10 S 8012 Amends the Valuation of Renewable Energy in New York Bill Passed - Senate (43 - 15)
6/09 PN 13-6 Nomination of David Fotouhi to be Deputy Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 43)
6/08 HB 581 Prohibits the Outdoor Release of Lighter-Than-Air Balloons Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
6/08 HB 581 Prohibits the Outdoor Release of Lighter-Than-Air Balloons Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
6/08 HB 581 Prohibits the Outdoor Release of Lighter-Than-Air Balloons Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
6/05 AB 825 Establishes the Independent System Operator as a Regional Organization Bill Passed - House (57 - 5)
6/05 AB 825 Establishes the Independent System Operator as a Regional Organization Bill Passed - House (57 - 5)
6/04 HB 7231 Authorizes Sunday Hunting on Private Land Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 4)
6/04 HB 5004 Establishes a New Goal of Net-Zero Greenhouse Gas Emissions Statewide by 2050 Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 10)
6/04 HB 5004 Establishes a New Goal of Net-Zero Greenhouse Gas Emissions Statewide by 2050 Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 10)
6/04 SB 100 Exempts Nonprofit Agricultural Membership Organizations From Insurance Regulations Bill Passed - House (90 - 3)
6/04 HB 7231 Authorizes Sunday Hunting on Private Land Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 4)
6/04 SB 500 Authorizes Utilities to Provide Energy Use Data Via an Approved Alternative System or Tool Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 10)
6/04 SB 254 Establishes the Policy-Oriented and Wildfire Electric Reimbursement (POWER) Program Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 10)
6/04 SB 254 Establishes the Policy-Oriented and Wildfire Electric Reimbursement (POWER) Program Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 10)
6/03 SB 777 Increases Compensation to Ranchers for Wolf Kills Bill Passed - House (44 - 12)
6/03 SB 4 Authorizes Bonds to Pay for Public Benefits Charges Currently Included on Customers' Electric Bills Bill Passed - House (144 - 3)
6/03 SB 777 Increases Compensation to Ranchers for Wolf Kills Bill Passed - House (44 - 12)
6/03 HB 7087 Establishes a Community Solar Program Available to All Classes of Taxpayers, and Authorizes Solar Installation on Underutilized Spaces Bill Passed - House (103 - 42)
6/03 H 5310 Establishes Reforms to the Rhode Island Housing and Conservation Trust Fund Bill Passed - House (59 - 10)
6/03 AB 942 Prohibits New Eligible Customer-Generators from Receiving Solar Credit when Purchasing Real Property Bill Passed - House (46 - 14)
6/03 HB 7087 Establishes a Community Solar Program Available to All Classes of Taxpayers, and Authorizes Solar Installation on Underutilized Spaces Bill Passed - House (103 - 42)
6/03 S 938 Establishes Green Crab Harvesting Rules and Commercial License Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 0)
6/03 S 938 Establishes Green Crab Harvesting Rules and Commercial License Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 0)
6/03 S 938 Establishes Green Crab Harvesting Rules and Commercial License Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 0)
6/02 LD 186 Authorizes the Maine Public Utilities Commission to Establish Time-of-Use Pricing for Standard-Offer Service "Ought to Pass as Amended" Report Adopted - Senate (20 - 14)
6/02 AB 381 Expands Protections and Penalties Related to Animal Cruelty and Rescue Situations Bill Passed - Senate (14 - 7)
6/02 LD 186 Authorizes the Maine Public Utilities Commission to Establish Time-of-Use Pricing for Standard-Offer Service "Ought to Pass as Amended" Report Adopted - House (74 - 66)
6/02 AB 954 Establishes 2 Regional Bike Highways Bill Passed - House (59 - 19)
6/02 AB 399 Authorizes the California Coastal Commission to Make Blue Carbon Demonstration Projects Bill Passed - House (54 - 18)
6/02 SB 4 Authorizes Bonds to Pay for Public Benefits Charges Currently Included on Customers' Electric Bills Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 1)
6/02 AB 823 Prohibits the Sale of Personal Care Products that Contain Plastic Glitter or Plastic Micro-Beads Bill Passed - House (63 - 10)
6/02 AB 1 Requires Wildfire Regulations to be Updated Bill Passed - House (79 - 0)
6/02 AB 1 Requires Wildfire Regulations to be Updated Bill Passed - House (79 - 0)
6/02 SB 831 Expands the Duties of the Department of Conservation to Review Geologic Hazards that May Occur in Relation to Climate Change Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 0)
6/02 SB 831 Expands the Duties of the Department of Conservation to Review Geologic Hazards that May Occur in Relation to Climate Change Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 0)
5/31 HB 2987 Establishes the Warehouse Tornado Preparedness Act Concurrence Vote Passed - House (99 - 15)
5/30 SB 17 Increases Sanctions Against Foreign Entities from Purchasing Land in Texas Conference Report Adopted - Senate (23 - 8)
5/29 SB 17 Increases Sanctions Against Foreign Entities from Purchasing Land in Texas Conference Report Adopted - House (85 - 57)
5/29 HJR 7 Appropriates Billions of Dollars to Stave off a Looming Water Crisis Concurrence Vote Passed - House (122 - 2)
5/29 HB 1690 Authorizes Notice Requirements for Groundwater Transfer Permit Applications Across Conservation Districts Concurrence Vote Passed - House (133 - 1)
5/29 HB 1690 Authorizes Notice Requirements for Groundwater Transfer Permit Applications Across Conservation Districts Concurrence Vote Passed - House (133 - 1)
5/29 SB 46 Prohibits the Intentional Release of, or Dispersion of Chemicals into the Environment of Effecting Temperature State. Bill Passed - House (58 - 33)
5/29 SB 46 Prohibits the Intentional Release of, or Dispersion of Chemicals into the Environment of Effecting Temperature State. Bill Passed - House (58 - 33)

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