Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
March 4, 2025 HI SB 438 Prohibits Landfills Over Aquifers Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 1)
March 4, 2025 OR SB 802 Extends the Period of Time That a Teacher May Work Prior to the Approval of Their License Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 1)
March 4, 2025 GA SB 144 Prohibits Lawsuits Against Pesticide Companies Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 12)
March 4, 2025 UT SB 334 Amends College General Education Courses Statewide Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 4)
March 4, 2025 National S J Res 28 A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Defining Larger Participants of a Market for General-Use Digital Consumer Payment Applications". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 47)
March 4, 2025 KY SB 3 Authorizes Name, Image, and Likeness (NIL) Usage by Student Athletes Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
March 3, 2025 National PN 11-10 Nomination of Linda McMahon to be Secretary of Education Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 45)
March 3, 2025 WY HJ 3 Appropriates Funding for Rural School Support Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 6)
March 3, 2025 National S 9 Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act of 2025 Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (51 - 45)
March 3, 2025 SD SB 45 Establishes a Motor Vehicle Technology Fee Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 13)
March 3, 2025 NE LB 140 Prohibits Student Cell Phone Use in Schools Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 0)
March 3, 2025 AK SB 43 Establishes March as Women's History Month Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 0)
March 3, 2025 GA SB 74 Authorizes Librarians in Public Libraries, K-12 Schools, and Colleges to be Prosecuted if They Provide "Sexually Explicit Materials" to Minors Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 23)
March 3, 2025 MN SF 1360 Increases the Speed Limit for Husbandry Vehicles to 35 Miles Per Hour Bill Passed - Senate (65 - 0)
March 3, 2025 MN SF 1360 Increases the Speed Limit for Husbandry Vehicles to 35 Miles Per Hour Bill Passed - Senate (65 - 0)
Feb. 28, 2025 WY HB 316 Establishes a Committee Dedicated to Recalibrating the Education Resource Block Grant Model Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 2)
Feb. 28, 2025 MT SB 90 Amends and Redistributes Certain State Tax Revenue to Primary Residence Property Tax Relief Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 7)
Feb. 27, 2025 WY SF 69 Establishes Property Tax Exemption for Single Family Homes Conference Report Adopted - Senate (26 - 3)
Feb. 27, 2025 National PN 11-10 Nomination of Linda McMahon to be Secretary of Education Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 47)
Feb. 27, 2025 National H J Res 35 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Waste Emissions Charge for Petroleum and Natural Gas Systems: Procedures for Facilitating Compliance, Including Netting and Exemptions". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (52 - 47)
Feb. 27, 2025 AL SB 83 Requires Adult-Sized Changing Tables in Public Buildings Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 0)
Feb. 27, 2025 ID S 1046 Requires Idaho Public Schools to Provide Human Growth and Fetal Development Instruction in Grades 5-12 Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 8)
Feb. 27, 2025 GA SB 69 Requires Third-Party Litigation Investors to Register with the Department of Banking and Finance Bill Passed - Senate (52 - 0)
Feb. 27, 2025 AZ SB 1467 Amends and Expands the Hours that Liquor can be Served, Drunk or Possessed on a Boat Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 9)
Feb. 27, 2025 AZ SB 1373 Establishes a Strategic Digital Assets (Crypto) Reserve Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 12)
Feb. 27, 2025 AZ SB 1025 Authorizes Arizona's Treasury and State Retirement System to Invest up to 10% of its Available Funds into Bitcoin Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 11)
Feb. 26, 2025 National S J Res 12 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Waste Emissions Charge for Petroleum and Natural Gas Systems: Procedures for Facilitating Compliance, Including Netting and Exemptions". Motion Agreed - Senate (52 - 47)
Feb. 26, 2025 AZ SB 1309 Requires Improvements of the Electrical Power Grid to Protect Against Severe Weather and Drought Conditions Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 12)
Feb. 26, 2025 National S J Res 10 A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared with respect to energy. Joint Resolution Failed - Senate (47 - 52)
Feb. 26, 2025 TX SB 26 Increases Funding for Teacher Compensation Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 0)
Feb. 26, 2025 ID S 1023 Establishes the Medical Freedom Act Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 14)
Feb. 26, 2025 AZ SB 1443 Establishes Specific Regulations for Compensatory Damages Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 11)
Feb. 26, 2025 ID S 1101 Requires Coroners Across Idaho Follow Standardized Procedures Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 10)
Feb. 26, 2025 AZ SB 1268 Require Hospitals to Question Patients on Legal Status in the United States Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 12)
Feb. 26, 2025 NM SB 175 Expands the State Free Childcare Program to All Families Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
Feb. 26, 2025 ID S 1023 Establishes the Medical Freedom Act Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 14)
Feb. 25, 2025 National PN 12-12 Nomination of Daniel Driscoll to be Secretary of the Army Nomination Confirmed - Senate (66 - 28)
Feb. 25, 2025 CT HB 7067 Amends State Sale and Tax Law Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 0)
Feb. 25, 2025 National PN 11-10 Nomination of Linda McMahon to be Secretary of Education Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 47)
Feb. 25, 2025 WA SB 5128 Amends Medical Services for Individuals in Juvenile Detention Facilities Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 9)
Feb. 25, 2025 NM SB 92 Establishes the Horse Racing Integrity and Safety Authority and Jockey and Exercise Rider Insurance Fund Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 1)
Feb. 25, 2025 NJ S 3418 Authorizes Preserved Farms to Host Special Occasions Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 0)
Feb. 25, 2025 NJ S 2886 Requires Pharmacies to Share Information on Insulin Assistance Programs Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
Feb. 25, 2025 SD SB 193 Authorizes an Applicant to have an Interpreter Present During the Driving Portion of a Driver License Exam Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 2)
Feb. 25, 2025 National S J Res 11 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management relating to "Protection of Marine Archaeological Resources". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (54 - 42)
Feb. 25, 2025 NJ S 364 Authorizes Fusion Energy Projects to Receive Funding from the Clean Energy Fund Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
Feb. 24, 2025 National PN 12-12 Nomination of Daniel Driscoll to be Secretary of the Army Cloture Invoked - Senate (66 - 28)
Feb. 24, 2025 ID S 1044 Requires Students to be Proficient at Both Reading and Writing in Cursive by the End of the 5th Grade Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 6)
Feb. 24, 2025 SD SB 198 Requires Entities Using Eminent Domain to First Attend a Mediation Meeting with Affected Landowners Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 17)
Feb. 24, 2025 MO SB 4 Amends Various State Utility Regulations Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 11)
Date No. Title Outcome
3/04 SB 438 Prohibits Landfills Over Aquifers Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 1)
3/04 SB 802 Extends the Period of Time That a Teacher May Work Prior to the Approval of Their License Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 1)
3/04 SB 144 Prohibits Lawsuits Against Pesticide Companies Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 12)
3/04 SB 334 Amends College General Education Courses Statewide Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 4)
3/04 S J Res 28 A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Defining Larger Participants of a Market for General-Use Digital Consumer Payment Applications". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 47)
3/04 SB 3 Authorizes Name, Image, and Likeness (NIL) Usage by Student Athletes Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
3/03 PN 11-10 Nomination of Linda McMahon to be Secretary of Education Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 45)
3/03 HJ 3 Appropriates Funding for Rural School Support Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 6)
3/03 S 9 Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act of 2025 Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (51 - 45)
3/03 SB 45 Establishes a Motor Vehicle Technology Fee Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 13)
3/03 LB 140 Prohibits Student Cell Phone Use in Schools Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 0)
3/03 SB 43 Establishes March as Women's History Month Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 0)
3/03 SB 74 Authorizes Librarians in Public Libraries, K-12 Schools, and Colleges to be Prosecuted if They Provide "Sexually Explicit Materials" to Minors Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 23)
3/03 SF 1360 Increases the Speed Limit for Husbandry Vehicles to 35 Miles Per Hour Bill Passed - Senate (65 - 0)
3/03 SF 1360 Increases the Speed Limit for Husbandry Vehicles to 35 Miles Per Hour Bill Passed - Senate (65 - 0)
2/28 HB 316 Establishes a Committee Dedicated to Recalibrating the Education Resource Block Grant Model Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 2)
2/28 SB 90 Amends and Redistributes Certain State Tax Revenue to Primary Residence Property Tax Relief Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 7)
2/27 SF 69 Establishes Property Tax Exemption for Single Family Homes Conference Report Adopted - Senate (26 - 3)
2/27 PN 11-10 Nomination of Linda McMahon to be Secretary of Education Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 47)
2/27 H J Res 35 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Waste Emissions Charge for Petroleum and Natural Gas Systems: Procedures for Facilitating Compliance, Including Netting and Exemptions". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (52 - 47)
2/27 SB 83 Requires Adult-Sized Changing Tables in Public Buildings Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 0)
2/27 S 1046 Requires Idaho Public Schools to Provide Human Growth and Fetal Development Instruction in Grades 5-12 Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 8)
2/27 SB 69 Requires Third-Party Litigation Investors to Register with the Department of Banking and Finance Bill Passed - Senate (52 - 0)
2/27 SB 1467 Amends and Expands the Hours that Liquor can be Served, Drunk or Possessed on a Boat Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 9)
2/27 SB 1373 Establishes a Strategic Digital Assets (Crypto) Reserve Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 12)
2/27 SB 1025 Authorizes Arizona's Treasury and State Retirement System to Invest up to 10% of its Available Funds into Bitcoin Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 11)
2/26 S J Res 12 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Waste Emissions Charge for Petroleum and Natural Gas Systems: Procedures for Facilitating Compliance, Including Netting and Exemptions". Motion Agreed - Senate (52 - 47)
2/26 SB 1309 Requires Improvements of the Electrical Power Grid to Protect Against Severe Weather and Drought Conditions Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 12)
2/26 S J Res 10 A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared with respect to energy. Joint Resolution Failed - Senate (47 - 52)
2/26 SB 26 Increases Funding for Teacher Compensation Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 0)
2/26 S 1023 Establishes the Medical Freedom Act Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 14)
2/26 SB 1443 Establishes Specific Regulations for Compensatory Damages Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 11)
2/26 S 1101 Requires Coroners Across Idaho Follow Standardized Procedures Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 10)
2/26 SB 1268 Require Hospitals to Question Patients on Legal Status in the United States Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 12)
2/26 SB 175 Expands the State Free Childcare Program to All Families Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
2/26 S 1023 Establishes the Medical Freedom Act Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 14)
2/25 PN 12-12 Nomination of Daniel Driscoll to be Secretary of the Army Nomination Confirmed - Senate (66 - 28)
2/25 HB 7067 Amends State Sale and Tax Law Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 0)
2/25 PN 11-10 Nomination of Linda McMahon to be Secretary of Education Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 47)
2/25 SB 5128 Amends Medical Services for Individuals in Juvenile Detention Facilities Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 9)
2/25 SB 92 Establishes the Horse Racing Integrity and Safety Authority and Jockey and Exercise Rider Insurance Fund Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 1)
2/25 S 3418 Authorizes Preserved Farms to Host Special Occasions Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 0)
2/25 S 2886 Requires Pharmacies to Share Information on Insulin Assistance Programs Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
2/25 SB 193 Authorizes an Applicant to have an Interpreter Present During the Driving Portion of a Driver License Exam Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 2)
2/25 S J Res 11 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management relating to "Protection of Marine Archaeological Resources". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (54 - 42)
2/25 S 364 Authorizes Fusion Energy Projects to Receive Funding from the Clean Energy Fund Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
2/24 PN 12-12 Nomination of Daniel Driscoll to be Secretary of the Army Cloture Invoked - Senate (66 - 28)
2/24 S 1044 Requires Students to be Proficient at Both Reading and Writing in Cursive by the End of the 5th Grade Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 6)
2/24 SB 198 Requires Entities Using Eminent Domain to First Attend a Mediation Meeting with Affected Landowners Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 17)
2/24 SB 4 Amends Various State Utility Regulations Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 11)

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