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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
June 24, 2026 NC SB 558 Prohibits the Promotion of "Divisive Concepts" and DEI at State Universities Veto Override Passed - House (71 - 47)
June 10, 2026 National HR 7892 No Aid for Ghost Students Act of 2026 Bill Passed - House (249 - 172)
April 14, 2026 KY HB 490 Authorizes University Boards of Regents to Dismiss Faculty for Financial Reasons Veto Override Passed - House (80 - 19)
April 9, 2026 KS HB 2333 Establishes Protections for Political Speech on College Campuses Veto Override Passed - House (85 - 38)
April 1, 2026 KY HB 490 Authorizes University Boards of Regents to Dismiss Faculty for Financial Reasons Concurrence Vote Passed - House (75 - 18)
March 31, 2026 IA SF 2453 Requires Public Universities to Invest at Least 1% of their Endowment Assets in Innovation Funds Bill Passed - House (55 - 37)
March 31, 2026 AL HB 580 Expands the Power of Governing Boards Over Faculty at Four Year Institutions Bill Passed - House (101 - 0)
March 14, 2026 VA HB 1377 Establishes a Task Force to Examine Higher Education at the Virginia Military Institute Conference Report Adopted - House (66 - 29)
March 9, 2026 TN HB 2194 Requires University Boards of Regents to Distinguish Between Tenure Decisions and Disciplinary Actions for Faculty Bill Passed - House (70 - 21)
March 6, 2026 UT HB 84 Authorizes Concealed Carry of a Firearm at Institutions of Higher Education Concurrence Vote Passed - House (58 - 8)
March 4, 2026 National HR 6472 Territorial Student Access to Higher Education Act Bill Passed - House (351 - 72)
March 3, 2026 IA HF 2513 Prohibits Public Universities From Hiring Certain Visa Holders Bill Passed - House (68 - 27)
Feb. 24, 2026 IA HF 2242 Prohibits State Universities From Raising Tuition for In-State Undergraduates Through 2031 Bill Passed - House (86 - 5)
Feb. 17, 2026 KY HB 490 Authorizes University Boards of Regents to Dismiss Faculty for Financial Reasons Bill Passed - House (72 - 21)
Feb. 17, 2026 VA HB 1385 Amends Regulations on the Appointment of Members of the Virginia Commission on Higher Education Board Bill Passed - House (62 - 35)
Feb. 16, 2026 VA SB 272 Prohibits the Possession of a Firearm in Certain Public Buildings Bill Passed - House (63 - 35)
Feb. 5, 2026 VA HB 626 Limits Exemptions from Firearm Bans on College Campuses Bill Passed - House (63 - 35)
Jan. 27, 2026 WV HB 4002 Establishes the West Virginia Collaboratory to Study State Policy Needs Bill Passed - House (76 - 12)
Jan. 22, 2026 National HR 6359 Pregnant Students' Rights Act Bill Passed - House (217 - 211)
Nov. 19, 2025 OH HB 184 Establishes Limitations on Intercollegiate Athlete Name, Image, and Likeness (NIL) Contracts and Amends Appropriations and Regulations for the State Budget Concurrence Vote Passed - House (83 - 5)
Nov. 19, 2025 OH HB 486 Authorizes Public Schools and Universities to Teach the Impacts of Judeo-Christian Religion on American History Bill Passed - House (62 - 27)
Oct. 14, 2025 WI SB 182 Requires the Technical College System Board to Provide Grants to Technical Colleges That Provide Emergency Medical Services Courses for Initial Licensure Bill Passed - House (90 - 6)
Sept. 17, 2025 MI HB 4282 Authorizes the Liquor Control Commission to Issue a Liquor License to Schoolcraft College Bill Passed - House (89 - 8)
Sept. 10, 2025 CA AB 648 Exempts Community College Housing from Local Zoning Regulations Concurrence Vote Passed - House (61 - 8)
Sept. 9, 2025 CA SB 640 Establishes a Direct Admission Program for In-State High School Students to be Admitted to a Designated California State University Campus Bill Passed - House (80 - 0)
Sept. 4, 2025 MI HB 4024 Require Public Education Institutions in Michigan to Ensure Student Privacy from Students of the Opposite Sex in Multiple-Occupancy Restrooms, Changing Areas, and Similar Facilities Bill Passed - House (58 - 46)
Sept. 2, 2025 CA SB 98 Requires School Districts and Certain Universities to Notify Students, Faculty, and Other Campus Members When Federal Immigration Enforcement is Present Bill Passed - House (59 - 10)
June 27, 2025 CA AB 123 Appropriates Funding for the 2025 State Higher Education budget Concurrence Vote Passed - House (76 - 1)
June 27, 2025 TX SJR 59 Establishes the Permanent Technical Institution Infrastructure Fund and the Available Workforce Education Fund as Special Funds to Fund Capital Projects and Equipment Purchases Related to Educational Programs Offered by the Texas State Technical College System Bill Passed - House (110 - 16)
June 26, 2025 NC HB 694 Requires the Environmental Finance Center at UNC Chapel Hill to Study Water and Wastewater Regionalization Concurrence Vote Passed - House (66 - 42)
June 25, 2025 ME LD 747 Appropriates Funding to Reduce Student Homelessness (89 - 51)
June 25, 2025 NC SB 558 Prohibits Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Public Higher Education Bill Passed - House (64 - 47)
June 12, 2025 MI HB 4580 Reduces Operational Funding Budgets for Higher Education Institutions Bill Passed - House (56 - 41)
June 12, 2025 MI HB 4579 Appropriates Funding for the State Community College Budget Bill Passed - House (56 - 41)
June 5, 2025 NH SB 295 Repeals Income Limits for Education Freedom Accounts Immediately but Includes a 12,250-Student Cap on the Program "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (190 - 178)
June 3, 2025 CA AB 1400 Authorizes Select Community Colleges to Offer Baccalaureate Degree Programs in Nursing Bill Passed - House (74 - 0)
June 1, 2025 TX SB 2972 Requires the Governing Boards of Institutions of Higher Education to Designate Areas on Campus for Public Forum and Prohibits Certain Activities During Student Demonstrations Conference Report Adopted - House (97 - 39)
May 31, 2025 TX SB 37 Authorizes Political Appointees to Review and Approve or Reject Courses and the Hiring of a Provost or Chief Academic Officer Conference Report Adopted - House (83 - 47)
May 30, 2025 IL HB 3522 Requires Each Public University in the Direct Admission Program to Identify its Grade Point Average Standards for First Time Admission and Transfer Students Concurrence Vote Passed - House (103 - 10)
May 28, 2025 OK HB 1727 Extends Eligibility for the Oklahoma's Promise Scholarship Conference Report Adopted - House (60 - 27)
May 27, 2025 TX SB 1032 Specifies Eligibility Requirements for Postsecondary Educational Institutions to Participate in the Governor's University Research Initiative Bill Passed - House (104 - 37)
May 21, 2025 NY A 5448 Requires Institutions of Higher Education to Designate a Title VI Coordinator Bill Passed - House (143 - 1)
May 12, 2025 MO HB 419 Repeals the University of Missouri System's Exclusive Authority to Grant Research Doctorates and certain Professional Degrees Concurrence Vote Passed - House (149 - 7)
May 7, 2025 National HR 881 DHS Restrictions on Confucius Institutes and Chinese Entities of Concern Act Bill Passed - House (266 - 153)
May 6, 2025 AL SB 196 Establishes the Move on When Ready Program for High School Juniors and Seniors to Earn College Credit Before Graduation Bill Passed - House (100 - 2)
April 29, 2025 OK SB 105 Repeals Prior Public School Enrollment Requirements for the Lindsey Nicole Henry Scholarships for Students with Disabilities Program Bill Passed - House (70 - 23)
April 28, 2025 AZ SB 1694 Exempts Community Colleges and Public Universities in Arizona from Receiving State Funding if they Offered Courses on Diversity, Equity and Inclusion (DEI) Bill Passed - House (32 - 23)
April 23, 2025 CO SB 25-045 Requires the School of Public Health at the University of Colorado to Analyze Implementation of a Single-Payer Health Care System Bill Passed - House (39 - 25)
April 22, 2025 IA HF 516 Requires 80% of Students Admitted to the University of Iowa's Medical and Dentistry Colleges to be Iowa Residents Concurrence Vote Passed - House (61 - 30)
April 22, 2025 TN SB 1084 Prohibits Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Offices or Initiatives in State and Local Governments or Public Colleges Bill Passed - House (72 - 25)
Date No. Title Outcome
6/24 SB 558 Prohibits the Promotion of "Divisive Concepts" and DEI at State Universities Veto Override Passed - House (71 - 47)
6/10 HR 7892 No Aid for Ghost Students Act of 2026 Bill Passed - House (249 - 172)
4/14 HB 490 Authorizes University Boards of Regents to Dismiss Faculty for Financial Reasons Veto Override Passed - House (80 - 19)
4/09 HB 2333 Establishes Protections for Political Speech on College Campuses Veto Override Passed - House (85 - 38)
4/01 HB 490 Authorizes University Boards of Regents to Dismiss Faculty for Financial Reasons Concurrence Vote Passed - House (75 - 18)
3/31 SF 2453 Requires Public Universities to Invest at Least 1% of their Endowment Assets in Innovation Funds Bill Passed - House (55 - 37)
3/31 HB 580 Expands the Power of Governing Boards Over Faculty at Four Year Institutions Bill Passed - House (101 - 0)
3/14 HB 1377 Establishes a Task Force to Examine Higher Education at the Virginia Military Institute Conference Report Adopted - House (66 - 29)
3/09 HB 2194 Requires University Boards of Regents to Distinguish Between Tenure Decisions and Disciplinary Actions for Faculty Bill Passed - House (70 - 21)
3/06 HB 84 Authorizes Concealed Carry of a Firearm at Institutions of Higher Education Concurrence Vote Passed - House (58 - 8)
3/04 HR 6472 Territorial Student Access to Higher Education Act Bill Passed - House (351 - 72)
3/03 HF 2513 Prohibits Public Universities From Hiring Certain Visa Holders Bill Passed - House (68 - 27)
2/24 HF 2242 Prohibits State Universities From Raising Tuition for In-State Undergraduates Through 2031 Bill Passed - House (86 - 5)
2/17 HB 490 Authorizes University Boards of Regents to Dismiss Faculty for Financial Reasons Bill Passed - House (72 - 21)
2/17 HB 1385 Amends Regulations on the Appointment of Members of the Virginia Commission on Higher Education Board Bill Passed - House (62 - 35)
2/16 SB 272 Prohibits the Possession of a Firearm in Certain Public Buildings Bill Passed - House (63 - 35)
2/05 HB 626 Limits Exemptions from Firearm Bans on College Campuses Bill Passed - House (63 - 35)
1/27 HB 4002 Establishes the West Virginia Collaboratory to Study State Policy Needs Bill Passed - House (76 - 12)
1/22 HR 6359 Pregnant Students' Rights Act Bill Passed - House (217 - 211)
11/19 HB 184 Establishes Limitations on Intercollegiate Athlete Name, Image, and Likeness (NIL) Contracts and Amends Appropriations and Regulations for the State Budget Concurrence Vote Passed - House (83 - 5)
11/19 HB 486 Authorizes Public Schools and Universities to Teach the Impacts of Judeo-Christian Religion on American History Bill Passed - House (62 - 27)
10/14 SB 182 Requires the Technical College System Board to Provide Grants to Technical Colleges That Provide Emergency Medical Services Courses for Initial Licensure Bill Passed - House (90 - 6)
9/17 HB 4282 Authorizes the Liquor Control Commission to Issue a Liquor License to Schoolcraft College Bill Passed - House (89 - 8)
9/10 AB 648 Exempts Community College Housing from Local Zoning Regulations Concurrence Vote Passed - House (61 - 8)
9/09 SB 640 Establishes a Direct Admission Program for In-State High School Students to be Admitted to a Designated California State University Campus Bill Passed - House (80 - 0)
9/04 HB 4024 Require Public Education Institutions in Michigan to Ensure Student Privacy from Students of the Opposite Sex in Multiple-Occupancy Restrooms, Changing Areas, and Similar Facilities Bill Passed - House (58 - 46)
9/02 SB 98 Requires School Districts and Certain Universities to Notify Students, Faculty, and Other Campus Members When Federal Immigration Enforcement is Present Bill Passed - House (59 - 10)
6/27 AB 123 Appropriates Funding for the 2025 State Higher Education budget Concurrence Vote Passed - House (76 - 1)
6/27 SJR 59 Establishes the Permanent Technical Institution Infrastructure Fund and the Available Workforce Education Fund as Special Funds to Fund Capital Projects and Equipment Purchases Related to Educational Programs Offered by the Texas State Technical College System Bill Passed - House (110 - 16)
6/26 HB 694 Requires the Environmental Finance Center at UNC Chapel Hill to Study Water and Wastewater Regionalization Concurrence Vote Passed - House (66 - 42)
6/25 LD 747 Appropriates Funding to Reduce Student Homelessness (89 - 51)
6/25 SB 558 Prohibits Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Public Higher Education Bill Passed - House (64 - 47)
6/12 HB 4580 Reduces Operational Funding Budgets for Higher Education Institutions Bill Passed - House (56 - 41)
6/12 HB 4579 Appropriates Funding for the State Community College Budget Bill Passed - House (56 - 41)
6/05 SB 295 Repeals Income Limits for Education Freedom Accounts Immediately but Includes a 12,250-Student Cap on the Program "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (190 - 178)
6/03 AB 1400 Authorizes Select Community Colleges to Offer Baccalaureate Degree Programs in Nursing Bill Passed - House (74 - 0)
6/01 SB 2972 Requires the Governing Boards of Institutions of Higher Education to Designate Areas on Campus for Public Forum and Prohibits Certain Activities During Student Demonstrations Conference Report Adopted - House (97 - 39)
5/31 SB 37 Authorizes Political Appointees to Review and Approve or Reject Courses and the Hiring of a Provost or Chief Academic Officer Conference Report Adopted - House (83 - 47)
5/30 HB 3522 Requires Each Public University in the Direct Admission Program to Identify its Grade Point Average Standards for First Time Admission and Transfer Students Concurrence Vote Passed - House (103 - 10)
5/28 HB 1727 Extends Eligibility for the Oklahoma's Promise Scholarship Conference Report Adopted - House (60 - 27)
5/27 SB 1032 Specifies Eligibility Requirements for Postsecondary Educational Institutions to Participate in the Governor's University Research Initiative Bill Passed - House (104 - 37)
5/21 A 5448 Requires Institutions of Higher Education to Designate a Title VI Coordinator Bill Passed - House (143 - 1)
5/12 HB 419 Repeals the University of Missouri System's Exclusive Authority to Grant Research Doctorates and certain Professional Degrees Concurrence Vote Passed - House (149 - 7)
5/07 HR 881 DHS Restrictions on Confucius Institutes and Chinese Entities of Concern Act Bill Passed - House (266 - 153)
5/06 SB 196 Establishes the Move on When Ready Program for High School Juniors and Seniors to Earn College Credit Before Graduation Bill Passed - House (100 - 2)
4/29 SB 105 Repeals Prior Public School Enrollment Requirements for the Lindsey Nicole Henry Scholarships for Students with Disabilities Program Bill Passed - House (70 - 23)
4/28 SB 1694 Exempts Community Colleges and Public Universities in Arizona from Receiving State Funding if they Offered Courses on Diversity, Equity and Inclusion (DEI) Bill Passed - House (32 - 23)
4/23 SB 25-045 Requires the School of Public Health at the University of Colorado to Analyze Implementation of a Single-Payer Health Care System Bill Passed - House (39 - 25)
4/22 HF 516 Requires 80% of Students Admitted to the University of Iowa's Medical and Dentistry Colleges to be Iowa Residents Concurrence Vote Passed - House (61 - 30)
4/22 SB 1084 Prohibits Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Offices or Initiatives in State and Local Governments or Public Colleges Bill Passed - House (72 - 25)
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