Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Feb. 28, 2024 LA HB 11 Authorizes Sanctions for Violation of Probation or Parole Conditions Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 11)
Feb. 28, 2024 WA HB 1903 Requires Gun Owners Provide Notice to Law Enforcement Within 24 Hours of a Firearm Theft Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 20)
Feb. 28, 2024 WA HB 1903 Requires Gun Owners Provide Notice to Law Enforcement Within 24 Hours of a Firearm Theft Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 20)
Feb. 28, 2024 LA HB 2 Authorizes Immunity for Law Enforcement Under Most Circumstances Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 11)
Feb. 28, 2024 UT HB 30 Establishes Road Rage as a Criminal Offense Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 5)
Feb. 28, 2024 SD HB 1061 Appropriates $4.28 Million to the Emergency and Disaster Fund for National Guard Troop Deployment to the Texas Border Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 4)
Feb. 28, 2024 OH SB 148 Establishes the Second Amendment Financial Privacy Act Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 7)
Feb. 28, 2024 ID S 1352 Establishes Religious Protections for Councilors and Therapists Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 11)
Feb. 28, 2024 CO SB 24-035 Classifies Human Trafficking as a Crime of Violence Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
Feb. 28, 2024 ME LD 2283 Establishes Various Red Flag Gun Purchase Provisions Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 11)
Feb. 27, 2024 WA HB 2118 Requires Gun Dealers Have Surveillance Cameras Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 21)
Feb. 27, 2024 WA HB 1889 Repeals Citizenship Requirements to Work for Undocumented Immigrants Seeking Professional Licenses Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 8)
Feb. 27, 2024 SD HB 1098 Repeals the Fee for Homeless Individuals to Obtain a Copy of Their Birth Certificate Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 5)
Feb. 27, 2024 WY SF 111 Requires Separate Hunting Licenses and Seasons for Mule and Whitetail Deer Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 3)
Feb. 27, 2024 WY SF 111 Requires Separate Hunting Licenses and Seasons for Mule and Whitetail Deer Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 3)
Feb. 27, 2024 VA SB 237 Requires Health Insurance Providers Cover Contraceptive Drugs and Devices Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 19)
Feb. 27, 2024 WV SB 717 Prohibits the Sale of Tobacco to Individuals Younger than 21 Years of age Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 9)
Feb. 27, 2024 WV SB 813 Authorizes Student-Athletes to Participate in Competitive Events and Activities while Playing for Their School Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 9)
Feb. 26, 2024 WV SB 575 Specifies Requirements for Surrogracy Agreements in West Virginia Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 3)
Feb. 26, 2024 WV SB 725 Specifies Conditions for Pretrial Release and Maximum Bail Amount that can be Set Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 2)
Feb. 23, 2024 WA HB 1455 Prohibits Child Marriage in the State Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 1)
Feb. 23, 2024 WV SB 167 Establishes a Statewide Health and Safety Fee Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 4)
Feb. 23, 2024 WV SB 712 Reduces the Minimum Age for State Police Cadets from 21 to 18 Years Old Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 0)
Feb. 22, 2024 MI HB 4525 Authorizes Support for Offenders to Access Mental Health and Drug Treatment Courts with Judicial and Prosecutorial Consent Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 5)
Feb. 22, 2024 MI HB 4525 Authorizes Support for Offenders to Access Mental Health and Drug Treatment Courts with Judicial and Prosecutorial Consent Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 5)
Feb. 22, 2024 MI HB 4524 Amends the Revised Judicature Act (RJA) to Allow Offenders to Participate if Approved by Judge, Prosecutor, and Victim Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 5)
Feb. 22, 2024 AZ SB 1477 Authorizes Students to Allege Political Bias Against Professors Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 12)
Feb. 22, 2024 LA SB 9 Authorizes Prosecutors to Bring Rape Charges at Any Time Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
Feb. 22, 2024 LA SB 10 Reduces Ability of Incarcerated Individuals Convicted in the Death of an Officer from Earning Time Off for Good Behavior Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 7)
Feb. 22, 2024 LA SB 5 Amends Parole Proceedings and Revocation Policies in Certain Cases Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 11)
Feb. 22, 2024 NE LB 137 Establishes New Penalties for Deaths Caused by Controlled Substances Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 2)
Feb. 22, 2024 LA SB 3 Amends Juvenile Justice Laws to Treat 17-Year-Olds as Adults Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 9)
Feb. 22, 2024 AZ SB 1185 Prohibits the Possession of Detached Catalytic Converters Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 10)
Feb. 22, 2024 KS SB 190 Requires Extra Information for Wrongful Conviction Compensation Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 6)
Feb. 22, 2024 LA SB 4 Increases Penalties and Amends Sentencing Guidelines for Certain Juveniles Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 13)
Feb. 22, 2024 LA SB 1 Authorizes Carrying a Concealed Weapon Without a Permit Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
Feb. 21, 2024 SD SB 203 Authorizes Concealed Carry Permit Holders to Carry a Concealed Weapon on School Grounds with Permission Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 3)
Feb. 21, 2024 AZ SB 1231 Classifies Illegal Border Crossing as a State Crime Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
Feb. 21, 2024 AZ SB 1231 Classifies Illegal Border Crossing as a State Crime Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
Feb. 21, 2024 CO SB 24-066 Authorizes Tracking Gun and Ammunition Purchases Through Payment Networks Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 11)
Feb. 20, 2024 WI SB 687 Specifies that Crossroads College has Authority over the Church of Christ's Property if the Church is Dissolved or Becomes Defunct Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 9)
Feb. 20, 2024 IA SF 2095 Authorizes Religious Freedom for All Government, Business, Corporate, and Foundation Employees Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 16)
Feb. 19, 2024 WV HB 4782 Requires Municipalities Regulate Zoning Ordinances Equally for All Businesses Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
Feb. 19, 2024 VA HB 46 Requires Individuals Named Under Protective Orders to Hand Over Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 18)
Feb. 15, 2024 FL HB 1377 Establishes Exemptions From Public Document Requests Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 9)
Feb. 15, 2024 NM HB 303 Appropriates Temporary Assistance for Needy Family's (TANF) Funds for a Workforce Development Pilot Program Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 14)
Feb. 15, 2024 UT HB 249 Prohibits Government Entities from Granting or Recognizing Legal Personhood in Certain Categories of Nonhumans Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 5)
Feb. 15, 2024 UT HB 249 Prohibits Government Entities from Granting or Recognizing Legal Personhood in Certain Categories of Nonhumans Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 5)
Feb. 15, 2024 NH SB 322 Requires a License Authorizing an Individual to Carry a Loaded Handgun in this State to Include Sellers Information "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (14 - 9)
Feb. 15, 2024 NH SB 577 Establishes New Waiting Period for Purchase and Delivery of a Firearm "Inexpedient to Legislate" Vote Passed - Senate (14 - 9)
Feb. 15, 2024 NH SB 360 Establishes a Procedure for Issuing Extreme Risk Protection Orders "Inexpedient to Legislate" Vote Passed - Senate (14 - 9)
Feb. 15, 2024 OK SB 1280 Increases State Criminal Penalties for Fentanyl Distribution and Manufacture Bill Passed - Senate (44 - 0)
Feb. 15, 2024 OK SB 1280 Increases State Criminal Penalties for Fentanyl Distribution and Manufacture Bill Passed - Senate (44 - 0)
Feb. 15, 2024 KY SB 16 Increases Various Corporate Trespass Laws and Penalties and Limits Whistleblowing Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 6)
Feb. 14, 2024 NM HB 33 Requires Increased Transparency in Prescription Drug Costs Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
Feb. 14, 2024 KY SB 20 Amends Previous Law to Try Juveniles as Adults for Gun-Related Felonies Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
Feb. 14, 2024 KY SB 20 Amends Previous Law to Try Juveniles as Adults for Gun-Related Felonies Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
Feb. 13, 2024 WI AB 510 Establishes Parental Bill of Rights in Their Child's Religion, Medical care, Records and Education Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 10)
Feb. 13, 2024 NM HB 239 Establishes Cannabis as Prison Contraband Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 3)
Feb. 13, 2024 NM SB 96 Increases Criminal Penalties for Attempted Murder Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 4)
Feb. 13, 2024 WI SB 874 Authorizes Counting Convictions and Findings for the PUrpose of the Sex Offender Registry Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 8)
Feb. 13, 2024 VA SB 101 Requires Marriage License Approval for All Consenting Parties Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 18)
Feb. 13, 2024 WA SB 6242 Increases State Funding for Law Enforcement Training Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
Feb. 13, 2024 WA SB 5906 Requires the Department of Health to Develop a Drug Overdose Prevention Campaign Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
Feb. 12, 2024 TN HB 878 Authorizes Marriage Clerks to Refuse to Perform a Marriage Ceremony Against Their Beliefs Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 5)
Feb. 12, 2024 NY S 8058 Defines Gender-Affirming Care Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 21)
Feb. 12, 2024 NJ S 1425 Expands Culpability Requirements for Firearms Tracking Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
Feb. 12, 2024 NJ S 912 Increases Access to Personalized Care Plans as Part of Postpartum Support Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
Feb. 12, 2024 NJ S 1602 Prohibits Discrimination Based On Height and Weight Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 14)
Feb. 10, 2024 NM HB 129 Establishes a Waiting Period for Firearm Purchases Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 18)
Feb. 10, 2024 NM SB 241 Requires Background Checks for Employees of the State Aging and Long-Term Services Department Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 6)
Feb. 9, 2024 NM SB 3 Authorizes Paid Family Medical Leave Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 15)
Feb. 8, 2024 ID S 1234 Requires Health Benefit Plans to to Cover Prescription Contraception for a 6-Month Supply Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 16)
Feb. 8, 2024 NM SB 106 Establishes a Committee to Plan a Celebration of the 250th Anniversary of the Declaration of Independence Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 1)
Feb. 7, 2024 PA SB 228 Establishes a Process for Museums to Claim Property Rights on Abandoned, Unclaimed, or Undocumented Property Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
Date No. Title Outcome
2/28 HB 11 Authorizes Sanctions for Violation of Probation or Parole Conditions Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 11)
2/28 HB 1903 Requires Gun Owners Provide Notice to Law Enforcement Within 24 Hours of a Firearm Theft Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 20)
2/28 HB 1903 Requires Gun Owners Provide Notice to Law Enforcement Within 24 Hours of a Firearm Theft Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 20)
2/28 HB 2 Authorizes Immunity for Law Enforcement Under Most Circumstances Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 11)
2/28 HB 30 Establishes Road Rage as a Criminal Offense Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 5)
2/28 HB 1061 Appropriates $4.28 Million to the Emergency and Disaster Fund for National Guard Troop Deployment to the Texas Border Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 4)
2/28 SB 148 Establishes the Second Amendment Financial Privacy Act Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 7)
2/28 S 1352 Establishes Religious Protections for Councilors and Therapists Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 11)
2/28 SB 24-035 Classifies Human Trafficking as a Crime of Violence Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
2/28 LD 2283 Establishes Various Red Flag Gun Purchase Provisions Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 11)
2/27 HB 2118 Requires Gun Dealers Have Surveillance Cameras Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 21)
2/27 HB 1889 Repeals Citizenship Requirements to Work for Undocumented Immigrants Seeking Professional Licenses Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 8)
2/27 HB 1098 Repeals the Fee for Homeless Individuals to Obtain a Copy of Their Birth Certificate Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 5)
2/27 SF 111 Requires Separate Hunting Licenses and Seasons for Mule and Whitetail Deer Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 3)
2/27 SF 111 Requires Separate Hunting Licenses and Seasons for Mule and Whitetail Deer Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 3)
2/27 SB 237 Requires Health Insurance Providers Cover Contraceptive Drugs and Devices Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 19)
2/27 SB 717 Prohibits the Sale of Tobacco to Individuals Younger than 21 Years of age Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 9)
2/27 SB 813 Authorizes Student-Athletes to Participate in Competitive Events and Activities while Playing for Their School Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 9)
2/26 SB 575 Specifies Requirements for Surrogracy Agreements in West Virginia Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 3)
2/26 SB 725 Specifies Conditions for Pretrial Release and Maximum Bail Amount that can be Set Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 2)
2/23 HB 1455 Prohibits Child Marriage in the State Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 1)
2/23 SB 167 Establishes a Statewide Health and Safety Fee Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 4)
2/23 SB 712 Reduces the Minimum Age for State Police Cadets from 21 to 18 Years Old Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 0)
2/22 HB 4525 Authorizes Support for Offenders to Access Mental Health and Drug Treatment Courts with Judicial and Prosecutorial Consent Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 5)
2/22 HB 4525 Authorizes Support for Offenders to Access Mental Health and Drug Treatment Courts with Judicial and Prosecutorial Consent Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 5)
2/22 HB 4524 Amends the Revised Judicature Act (RJA) to Allow Offenders to Participate if Approved by Judge, Prosecutor, and Victim Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 5)
2/22 SB 1477 Authorizes Students to Allege Political Bias Against Professors Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 12)
2/22 SB 9 Authorizes Prosecutors to Bring Rape Charges at Any Time Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
2/22 SB 10 Reduces Ability of Incarcerated Individuals Convicted in the Death of an Officer from Earning Time Off for Good Behavior Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 7)
2/22 SB 5 Amends Parole Proceedings and Revocation Policies in Certain Cases Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 11)
2/22 LB 137 Establishes New Penalties for Deaths Caused by Controlled Substances Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 2)
2/22 SB 3 Amends Juvenile Justice Laws to Treat 17-Year-Olds as Adults Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 9)
2/22 SB 1185 Prohibits the Possession of Detached Catalytic Converters Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 10)
2/22 SB 190 Requires Extra Information for Wrongful Conviction Compensation Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 6)
2/22 SB 4 Increases Penalties and Amends Sentencing Guidelines for Certain Juveniles Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 13)
2/22 SB 1 Authorizes Carrying a Concealed Weapon Without a Permit Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
2/21 SB 203 Authorizes Concealed Carry Permit Holders to Carry a Concealed Weapon on School Grounds with Permission Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 3)
2/21 SB 1231 Classifies Illegal Border Crossing as a State Crime Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
2/21 SB 1231 Classifies Illegal Border Crossing as a State Crime Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
2/21 SB 24-066 Authorizes Tracking Gun and Ammunition Purchases Through Payment Networks Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 11)
2/20 SB 687 Specifies that Crossroads College has Authority over the Church of Christ's Property if the Church is Dissolved or Becomes Defunct Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 9)
2/20 SF 2095 Authorizes Religious Freedom for All Government, Business, Corporate, and Foundation Employees Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 16)
2/19 HB 4782 Requires Municipalities Regulate Zoning Ordinances Equally for All Businesses Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
2/19 HB 46 Requires Individuals Named Under Protective Orders to Hand Over Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 18)
2/15 HB 1377 Establishes Exemptions From Public Document Requests Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 9)
2/15 HB 303 Appropriates Temporary Assistance for Needy Family's (TANF) Funds for a Workforce Development Pilot Program Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 14)
2/15 HB 249 Prohibits Government Entities from Granting or Recognizing Legal Personhood in Certain Categories of Nonhumans Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 5)
2/15 HB 249 Prohibits Government Entities from Granting or Recognizing Legal Personhood in Certain Categories of Nonhumans Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 5)
2/15 SB 322 Requires a License Authorizing an Individual to Carry a Loaded Handgun in this State to Include Sellers Information "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (14 - 9)
2/15 SB 577 Establishes New Waiting Period for Purchase and Delivery of a Firearm "Inexpedient to Legislate" Vote Passed - Senate (14 - 9)
2/15 SB 360 Establishes a Procedure for Issuing Extreme Risk Protection Orders "Inexpedient to Legislate" Vote Passed - Senate (14 - 9)
2/15 SB 1280 Increases State Criminal Penalties for Fentanyl Distribution and Manufacture Bill Passed - Senate (44 - 0)
2/15 SB 1280 Increases State Criminal Penalties for Fentanyl Distribution and Manufacture Bill Passed - Senate (44 - 0)
2/15 SB 16 Increases Various Corporate Trespass Laws and Penalties and Limits Whistleblowing Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 6)
2/14 HB 33 Requires Increased Transparency in Prescription Drug Costs Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
2/14 SB 20 Amends Previous Law to Try Juveniles as Adults for Gun-Related Felonies Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
2/14 SB 20 Amends Previous Law to Try Juveniles as Adults for Gun-Related Felonies Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
2/13 AB 510 Establishes Parental Bill of Rights in Their Child's Religion, Medical care, Records and Education Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 10)
2/13 HB 239 Establishes Cannabis as Prison Contraband Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 3)
2/13 SB 96 Increases Criminal Penalties for Attempted Murder Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 4)
2/13 SB 874 Authorizes Counting Convictions and Findings for the PUrpose of the Sex Offender Registry Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 8)
2/13 SB 101 Requires Marriage License Approval for All Consenting Parties Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 18)
2/13 SB 6242 Increases State Funding for Law Enforcement Training Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
2/13 SB 5906 Requires the Department of Health to Develop a Drug Overdose Prevention Campaign Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
2/12 HB 878 Authorizes Marriage Clerks to Refuse to Perform a Marriage Ceremony Against Their Beliefs Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 5)
2/12 S 8058 Defines Gender-Affirming Care Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 21)
2/12 S 1425 Expands Culpability Requirements for Firearms Tracking Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
2/12 S 912 Increases Access to Personalized Care Plans as Part of Postpartum Support Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
2/12 S 1602 Prohibits Discrimination Based On Height and Weight Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 14)
2/10 HB 129 Establishes a Waiting Period for Firearm Purchases Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 18)
2/10 SB 241 Requires Background Checks for Employees of the State Aging and Long-Term Services Department Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 6)
2/09 SB 3 Authorizes Paid Family Medical Leave Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 15)
2/08 S 1234 Requires Health Benefit Plans to to Cover Prescription Contraception for a 6-Month Supply Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 16)
2/08 SB 106 Establishes a Committee to Plan a Celebration of the 250th Anniversary of the Declaration of Independence Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 1)
2/07 SB 228 Establishes a Process for Museums to Claim Property Rights on Abandoned, Unclaimed, or Undocumented Property Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)

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