Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
March 7, 2025 CO HB 25-1109 Requires that Death Certificates Issued in Colorado Must Report a Decedent's Gender Identity Bill Passed - House (38 - 26)
March 7, 2025 NM HB 9 Prohibits State Agencies and Local Governments from Entering into Agreements used to Detain Individuals for Violations of Civil Immigration Law Bill Passed - House (35 - 25)
March 7, 2025 NM HB 9 Prohibits State Agencies and Local Governments from Entering into Agreements used to Detain Individuals for Violations of Civil Immigration Law Bill Passed - House (35 - 25)
March 6, 2025 UT HB 77 Authorizes a Select Few Flags to be Displayed Inside of Public Classrooms Concurrence Vote Passed - House (53 - 20)
March 6, 2025 SD SB 75 Requires Driver's Licenses and State IDs to Show Citizenship Status Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 2)
March 6, 2025 MS SB 2280 Requires Both In-State and Out-of-State Hunters Purchase Turkey Hunting Stamps Bill Passed - House (100 - 13)
March 6, 2025 UT HB 441 Exempts Franchise Owners from Having to Operate on Days that Conflict with Their Religious Beliefs Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 2)
March 6, 2025 MS SB 2280 Requires Both In-State and Out-of-State Hunters Purchase Turkey Hunting Stamps Bill Passed - House (100 - 13)
March 6, 2025 AL SB 116 Prohibits the Use of Machine Gun Conversion Devices Bill Passed - House (77 - 23)
March 6, 2025 UT HB 77 Authorizes a Select Few Flags to be Displayed Inside of Public Classrooms Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 8)
March 6, 2025 SD SB 100 Authorizes Concealed Carry Permit Holders to Carry on State University and Technical College Campuses Bill Passed - House (55 - 14)
March 6, 2025 SD HB 1174 Amends Certain Provisions Related to the Rights and Obligations of a Father of a Child Born to an Unmarried Mother Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
March 6, 2025 SD HB 1116 Repeals a Reporting Requirement Regarding Industrial Hemp Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 3)
March 6, 2025 SD SB 64 Amends Rules about Setting Parole Dates Bill Passed - House (63 - 6)
March 6, 2025 National S 331 Halt All Lethal Trafficking of Fentanyl Act (HALT Fentanyl Act) Cloture Invoked - Senate (82 - 12)
March 6, 2025 National S 331 Halt All Lethal Trafficking of Fentanyl Act (HALT Fentanyl Act) Cloture Invoked - Senate (82 - 12)
March 6, 2025 MO SB 160 Reduces Hazing on College Campuses Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 10)
March 6, 2025 AL HB 202 Extends Immunity for Law Enforcement Officers Bill Passed - House (75 - 26)
March 6, 2025 AL HB 202 Extends Immunity for Law Enforcement Officers Bill Passed - House (75 - 26)
March 6, 2025 GA SB 61 Establishes Additional Offenses for Terroristic Threats Against Public or Private Schools Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 22)
March 6, 2025 MT HB 675 Authorizes Private Citizens to Sue Individuals Who Perform or Promote Drag Performances Bill Failed - House (44 - 55)
March 6, 2025 AZ SB 1705 Amends Firearm Preemption Laws in Arizona Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 9)
March 6, 2025 AL HB 3 Increases Penalties for Undocumented Immigrants Convicted of Felonies with Minor Victims Bill Passed - House (76 - 3)
March 6, 2025 MN HF 13 Expands the Right to Use Reasonable Force in Self-Defense Bill Failed - House (66 - 66)
March 6, 2025 MN HF 13 Expands the Right to Use Reasonable Force in Self-Defense Bill Failed - House (66 - 66)
March 6, 2025 MT SB 437 Amends and Defines Sex as Binary in Montana State Law Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 18)
March 6, 2025 AL HB 3 Increases Penalties for Undocumented Immigrants Convicted of Felonies with Minor Victims Bill Passed - House (76 - 3)
March 6, 2025 MT SB 508 Amends Drunk Driving Laws to Include Any Detectable Traces of THC for Individuals Under the Age of 21 Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 7)
March 6, 2025 WV SB 299 Prohibits Gender-Affirming Medical Care for Minors Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 2)
March 6, 2025 AL SB 138 Authorizes Certain Parolees and Probationers the Opportunity to Obtain Licenses without Automatic Disqualification by a Licensing Board Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 0)
March 5, 2025 CT SB 1453 Appropriates $2.8 Million to Support Certain LGBTQ+ Nonprofit Organizations and Planned Parenthood Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (25 - 10)
March 5, 2025 WY HB 32 Establishes Statutory Definitions for "Man", "Woman", and "Biological Sex" Concurrence Vote Passed - House (52 - 10)
March 5, 2025 CT SB 1453 Appropriates $2.8 Million to Support Certain LGBTQ+ Nonprofit Organizations and Planned Parenthood Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (25 - 10)
March 5, 2025 WY HB 164 Authorizes Prescribers to Prescribe Medications for Off-Label Indication as Specified Concurrence Vote Passed - House (54 - 7)
March 5, 2025 CT SB 1453 Appropriates $2.8 Million to Support Certain LGBTQ+ Nonprofit Organizations and Planned Parenthood Bill Passed - House (92 - 51)
March 5, 2025 CT SB 1453 Appropriates $2.8 Million to Support Certain LGBTQ+ Nonprofit Organizations and Planned Parenthood Bill Passed - House (92 - 51)
March 5, 2025 SD SB 193 Authorizes an Applicant to have an Interpreter Present During the Driving Portion of a Driver License Exam Bill Passed - House (59 - 11)
March 5, 2025 ID H 37 Establishes Firing Squads as the Primary Method of Execution Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 7)
March 5, 2025 National PN 12-5 Nomination of Todd Blanche to be Deputy Attorney General Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 46)
March 5, 2025 CO HB 25-1011 Specifies Child Care Centers Owned by Private Equity or Institutional Investment Firms Would've Had to Post Their Prices Online and Notify Parents Before Laying off Staff Bill Passed - House (38 - 23)
March 5, 2025 WA SB 5098 Prohibits Firearms in More Public Spaces Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 21)
March 5, 2025 WA SB 5268 Requires 12 Months of Community Custody for Unlawful Possession of Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
March 5, 2025 WA SB 5268 Requires 12 Months of Community Custody for Unlawful Possession of Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
March 5, 2025 AL SB 199 Establishes an Alabama Public Employee Paid Parental Leave Program Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 3)
March 4, 2025 SD SB 75 Requires Driver's Licenses and State IDs to Show Citizenship Status Bill Passed - House (66 - 4)
March 4, 2025 WY HB 32 Establishes Statutory Definitions for "Man", "Woman", and "Biological Sex" Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 3)
March 4, 2025 WY HB 164 Authorizes Prescribers to Prescribe Medications for Off-Label Indication as Specified Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 9)
March 4, 2025 SD HB 1222 Authorizes Concealed Carry Permit Holders to Keep Their Firearm Inside a Motor Vehicle While on School Property Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 2)
March 4, 2025 AR HB 1489 Authorizes the Use of Nitrogen Gas in State Executions Bill Passed - House (67 - 23)
March 4, 2025 AZ HB 2552 Authorizes the Use of Dogs for Hunting Small Game, Predatory Animals, and Fur-Bearing Animals Bill Failed - House (30 - 28)
March 4, 2025 AR HB 1150 Prohibits Pharmacy Benefit Managers From Obtaining Certain Pharmacy Permits Bill Passed - House (89 - 4)
March 4, 2025 GA HB 651 Authorizes Regulations over Automated Speed Enforcement Cameras Bill Passed - House (164 - 8)
March 4, 2025 AL HB 209 Exempts Nursing Mothers from Jury Duty in Alabama Bill Passed - House (103 - 0)
March 4, 2025 GA HB 225 Prohibits Automated Speed Enforcement Cameras in School Zones Bill Passed - House (129 - 37)
March 4, 2025 HI SB 227 Establishes an "Illegal Fireworks Enforcement Division" within the Department of Law Enforcement Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 2)
March 4, 2025 HI HB 893 Establishes Prohibitions on Assault Rifles, Assault Shotguns, .50 Caliber Rifles, and High-Capacity Detachable Magazines Bill Passed - House (39 - 9)
March 4, 2025 GA SB 36 Prohibits State and Local Governments from "Substantially Burdening" an Individual's Religious Freedom Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 23)
March 4, 2025 GA SB 36 Prohibits State and Local Governments from "Substantially Burdening" an Individual's Religious Freedom Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 23)
March 4, 2025 WA HB 1205 Specifies Knowingly Distributing a Forged Digital Likeness of Another Individual as Criminal Impersonation in the 2nd Degree Bill Passed - House (90 - 7)
March 4, 2025 HI HB 1308 Authorizes Legal Online and Mobile Sports Betting Bill Passed - House (34 - 15)
March 4, 2025 GA HB 79 Establishes Tax Incentives to Buy Gun Safes, Gun Locks, or Gun Training Bill Passed - House (165 - 8)
March 3, 2025 WY HB 62 Amends the Crimes of Prostitution and Solicitation of Prostitution to Include Acts of Sexual Contact Concurrence Vote Passed - House (57 - 2)
March 3, 2025 AR SB 208 Requires Canvassers to Request a Photo ID of Potential Signers Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (26 - 6)
March 3, 2025 WY HB 207 Establishes the Religious Freedom Restoration Act Concurrence Vote Passed - House (57 - 3)
March 3, 2025 WY HB 207 Establishes the Religious Freedom Restoration Act Concurrence Vote Passed - House (57 - 3)
March 3, 2025 WY HB 207 Establishes the Religious Freedom Restoration Act Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 3)
March 3, 2025 WY HB 62 Amends the Crimes of Prostitution and Solicitation of Prostitution to Include Acts of Sexual Contact Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 14)
March 3, 2025 WY HB 207 Establishes the Religious Freedom Restoration Act Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 3)
March 3, 2025 WY HB 83 Requires Judges Consider a Parent's Sex-Offender Registration Status when Making Custody Decision Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 4)
March 3, 2025 National S 9 Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act of 2025 Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (51 - 45)
March 3, 2025 NY A 1894 Repeals Provisions Requiring Reporting of a Patient's Drug Use Bill Passed - House (134 - 14)
March 3, 2025 NY A 1894 Repeals Provisions Requiring Reporting of a Patient's Drug Use Bill Passed - House (134 - 14)
March 3, 2025 AK SB 43 Establishes March as Women's History Month Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 0)
March 3, 2025 AZ HB 2611 Establishes a Class 4 Felony for Assaults which Include 2 or More Accomplices Bill Passed - House (37 - 21)
March 3, 2025 GA SB 30 Prohibits Physicians from Prescribing Puberty-Blocking Drugs to Transgender Youth Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 19)
Date No. Title Outcome
3/07 HB 25-1109 Requires that Death Certificates Issued in Colorado Must Report a Decedent's Gender Identity Bill Passed - House (38 - 26)
3/07 HB 9 Prohibits State Agencies and Local Governments from Entering into Agreements used to Detain Individuals for Violations of Civil Immigration Law Bill Passed - House (35 - 25)
3/07 HB 9 Prohibits State Agencies and Local Governments from Entering into Agreements used to Detain Individuals for Violations of Civil Immigration Law Bill Passed - House (35 - 25)
3/06 HB 77 Authorizes a Select Few Flags to be Displayed Inside of Public Classrooms Concurrence Vote Passed - House (53 - 20)
3/06 SB 75 Requires Driver's Licenses and State IDs to Show Citizenship Status Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 2)
3/06 SB 2280 Requires Both In-State and Out-of-State Hunters Purchase Turkey Hunting Stamps Bill Passed - House (100 - 13)
3/06 HB 441 Exempts Franchise Owners from Having to Operate on Days that Conflict with Their Religious Beliefs Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 2)
3/06 SB 2280 Requires Both In-State and Out-of-State Hunters Purchase Turkey Hunting Stamps Bill Passed - House (100 - 13)
3/06 SB 116 Prohibits the Use of Machine Gun Conversion Devices Bill Passed - House (77 - 23)
3/06 HB 77 Authorizes a Select Few Flags to be Displayed Inside of Public Classrooms Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 8)
3/06 SB 100 Authorizes Concealed Carry Permit Holders to Carry on State University and Technical College Campuses Bill Passed - House (55 - 14)
3/06 HB 1174 Amends Certain Provisions Related to the Rights and Obligations of a Father of a Child Born to an Unmarried Mother Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
3/06 HB 1116 Repeals a Reporting Requirement Regarding Industrial Hemp Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 3)
3/06 SB 64 Amends Rules about Setting Parole Dates Bill Passed - House (63 - 6)
3/06 S 331 Halt All Lethal Trafficking of Fentanyl Act (HALT Fentanyl Act) Cloture Invoked - Senate (82 - 12)
3/06 S 331 Halt All Lethal Trafficking of Fentanyl Act (HALT Fentanyl Act) Cloture Invoked - Senate (82 - 12)
3/06 SB 160 Reduces Hazing on College Campuses Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 10)
3/06 HB 202 Extends Immunity for Law Enforcement Officers Bill Passed - House (75 - 26)
3/06 HB 202 Extends Immunity for Law Enforcement Officers Bill Passed - House (75 - 26)
3/06 SB 61 Establishes Additional Offenses for Terroristic Threats Against Public or Private Schools Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 22)
3/06 HB 675 Authorizes Private Citizens to Sue Individuals Who Perform or Promote Drag Performances Bill Failed - House (44 - 55)
3/06 SB 1705 Amends Firearm Preemption Laws in Arizona Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 9)
3/06 HB 3 Increases Penalties for Undocumented Immigrants Convicted of Felonies with Minor Victims Bill Passed - House (76 - 3)
3/06 HF 13 Expands the Right to Use Reasonable Force in Self-Defense Bill Failed - House (66 - 66)
3/06 HF 13 Expands the Right to Use Reasonable Force in Self-Defense Bill Failed - House (66 - 66)
3/06 SB 437 Amends and Defines Sex as Binary in Montana State Law Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 18)
3/06 HB 3 Increases Penalties for Undocumented Immigrants Convicted of Felonies with Minor Victims Bill Passed - House (76 - 3)
3/06 SB 508 Amends Drunk Driving Laws to Include Any Detectable Traces of THC for Individuals Under the Age of 21 Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 7)
3/06 SB 299 Prohibits Gender-Affirming Medical Care for Minors Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 2)
3/06 SB 138 Authorizes Certain Parolees and Probationers the Opportunity to Obtain Licenses without Automatic Disqualification by a Licensing Board Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 0)
3/05 SB 1453 Appropriates $2.8 Million to Support Certain LGBTQ+ Nonprofit Organizations and Planned Parenthood Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (25 - 10)
3/05 HB 32 Establishes Statutory Definitions for "Man", "Woman", and "Biological Sex" Concurrence Vote Passed - House (52 - 10)
3/05 SB 1453 Appropriates $2.8 Million to Support Certain LGBTQ+ Nonprofit Organizations and Planned Parenthood Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (25 - 10)
3/05 HB 164 Authorizes Prescribers to Prescribe Medications for Off-Label Indication as Specified Concurrence Vote Passed - House (54 - 7)
3/05 SB 1453 Appropriates $2.8 Million to Support Certain LGBTQ+ Nonprofit Organizations and Planned Parenthood Bill Passed - House (92 - 51)
3/05 SB 1453 Appropriates $2.8 Million to Support Certain LGBTQ+ Nonprofit Organizations and Planned Parenthood Bill Passed - House (92 - 51)
3/05 SB 193 Authorizes an Applicant to have an Interpreter Present During the Driving Portion of a Driver License Exam Bill Passed - House (59 - 11)
3/05 H 37 Establishes Firing Squads as the Primary Method of Execution Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 7)
3/05 PN 12-5 Nomination of Todd Blanche to be Deputy Attorney General Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 46)
3/05 HB 25-1011 Specifies Child Care Centers Owned by Private Equity or Institutional Investment Firms Would've Had to Post Their Prices Online and Notify Parents Before Laying off Staff Bill Passed - House (38 - 23)
3/05 SB 5098 Prohibits Firearms in More Public Spaces Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 21)
3/05 SB 5268 Requires 12 Months of Community Custody for Unlawful Possession of Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
3/05 SB 5268 Requires 12 Months of Community Custody for Unlawful Possession of Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
3/05 SB 199 Establishes an Alabama Public Employee Paid Parental Leave Program Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 3)
3/04 SB 75 Requires Driver's Licenses and State IDs to Show Citizenship Status Bill Passed - House (66 - 4)
3/04 HB 32 Establishes Statutory Definitions for "Man", "Woman", and "Biological Sex" Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 3)
3/04 HB 164 Authorizes Prescribers to Prescribe Medications for Off-Label Indication as Specified Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 9)
3/04 HB 1222 Authorizes Concealed Carry Permit Holders to Keep Their Firearm Inside a Motor Vehicle While on School Property Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 2)
3/04 HB 1489 Authorizes the Use of Nitrogen Gas in State Executions Bill Passed - House (67 - 23)
3/04 HB 2552 Authorizes the Use of Dogs for Hunting Small Game, Predatory Animals, and Fur-Bearing Animals Bill Failed - House (30 - 28)
3/04 HB 1150 Prohibits Pharmacy Benefit Managers From Obtaining Certain Pharmacy Permits Bill Passed - House (89 - 4)
3/04 HB 651 Authorizes Regulations over Automated Speed Enforcement Cameras Bill Passed - House (164 - 8)
3/04 HB 209 Exempts Nursing Mothers from Jury Duty in Alabama Bill Passed - House (103 - 0)
3/04 HB 225 Prohibits Automated Speed Enforcement Cameras in School Zones Bill Passed - House (129 - 37)
3/04 SB 227 Establishes an "Illegal Fireworks Enforcement Division" within the Department of Law Enforcement Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 2)
3/04 HB 893 Establishes Prohibitions on Assault Rifles, Assault Shotguns, .50 Caliber Rifles, and High-Capacity Detachable Magazines Bill Passed - House (39 - 9)
3/04 SB 36 Prohibits State and Local Governments from "Substantially Burdening" an Individual's Religious Freedom Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 23)
3/04 SB 36 Prohibits State and Local Governments from "Substantially Burdening" an Individual's Religious Freedom Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 23)
3/04 HB 1205 Specifies Knowingly Distributing a Forged Digital Likeness of Another Individual as Criminal Impersonation in the 2nd Degree Bill Passed - House (90 - 7)
3/04 HB 1308 Authorizes Legal Online and Mobile Sports Betting Bill Passed - House (34 - 15)
3/04 HB 79 Establishes Tax Incentives to Buy Gun Safes, Gun Locks, or Gun Training Bill Passed - House (165 - 8)
3/03 HB 62 Amends the Crimes of Prostitution and Solicitation of Prostitution to Include Acts of Sexual Contact Concurrence Vote Passed - House (57 - 2)
3/03 SB 208 Requires Canvassers to Request a Photo ID of Potential Signers Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (26 - 6)
3/03 HB 207 Establishes the Religious Freedom Restoration Act Concurrence Vote Passed - House (57 - 3)
3/03 HB 207 Establishes the Religious Freedom Restoration Act Concurrence Vote Passed - House (57 - 3)
3/03 HB 207 Establishes the Religious Freedom Restoration Act Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 3)
3/03 HB 62 Amends the Crimes of Prostitution and Solicitation of Prostitution to Include Acts of Sexual Contact Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 14)
3/03 HB 207 Establishes the Religious Freedom Restoration Act Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 3)
3/03 HB 83 Requires Judges Consider a Parent's Sex-Offender Registration Status when Making Custody Decision Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 4)
3/03 S 9 Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act of 2025 Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (51 - 45)
3/03 A 1894 Repeals Provisions Requiring Reporting of a Patient's Drug Use Bill Passed - House (134 - 14)
3/03 A 1894 Repeals Provisions Requiring Reporting of a Patient's Drug Use Bill Passed - House (134 - 14)
3/03 SB 43 Establishes March as Women's History Month Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 0)
3/03 HB 2611 Establishes a Class 4 Felony for Assaults which Include 2 or More Accomplices Bill Passed - House (37 - 21)
3/03 SB 30 Prohibits Physicians from Prescribing Puberty-Blocking Drugs to Transgender Youth Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 19)

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