Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
March 27, 2025 KS HCR 5011 Requires Property Values be Based on the Lesser of the Fair Market Value or the Average Fair Market Value Conference Report Adopted - Senate (27 - 13)
March 26, 2025 KS SB 227 Increases the Tax Credit for the Redevelopment of Historic Structures Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 9)
March 24, 2025 NJ A 3361 Establishes a Limit on Rent Increases for Certain Dwelling Sites for Modular or Industrialized Buildings or Manufactured Homes Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 13)
March 24, 2025 NJ S 1400 Establishes an Alternative Process for Handling Court Proceedings Regarding Inherited Property Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
March 24, 2025 OR SB 599 Prohibits Landlords From Inquiring About the Immigration or Citizenship Status of an Applicant, Tenant, or Other Member of a Household Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 8)
March 20, 2025 NH SB 84 Reduces the Minimum Lot Size Requirement for Single-Family Homes "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (13 - 10)
March 19, 2025 TX SB 17 Increases Sanctions Against Foreign Entities from Purchasing Land in Texas Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 7)
March 19, 2025 TX SB 15 Authorizes a Fee on Residential Lots in Certain Municipalities and Gives Clearance for Smaller Homes to be Built on Smaller Lots Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 7)
March 13, 2025 National PN 13-12 Nomination of William Pulte to be Director of the Federal Housing Finance Agency Nomination Confirmed - Senate (56 - 43)
March 13, 2025 KY HB 160 Prohibits Local Governments from Adopting or Enforcing Zoning Regulations that Treat Manufactured Homes Differently Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 5)
March 13, 2025 National PN 13-12 Nomination of William Pulte to be Director of the Federal Housing Finance Agency Cloture Invoked - Senate (57 - 41)
March 12, 2025 AR HB 366 Establishes the Strengthen Arkansas Homes Act Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 9)
March 12, 2025 NM SB 267 Amends Regulations on Housing Application Fees Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 2)
March 11, 2025 CO HB 25-1009 Authorizes Fire Protection Provisions that Allow Metropolitan Districts to Require the Removal of Dead or Dry Material that can Fuel a Wildfire Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 11)
March 11, 2025 WA SB 5576 Authorizes New Excise Tax of 4% on Short-Term Rental Properties Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 21)
March 8, 2025 NM SB 81 Requires Property Insurance to be Provided to Homeowners and Businesses who Struggle to get Insurance Due to High Risk Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 1)
March 5, 2025 AZ SB 1229 Reduces Lot Size Requirements and Local Controls for Housing Development Projects Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
March 4, 2025 SD HB 1052 Prohibits the Use of Eminent Domain for Carbon Dioxide Pipelines Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 12)
Feb. 28, 2025 MT SB 90 Amends and Redistributes Certain State Tax Revenue to Primary Residence Property Tax Relief Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 7)
Feb. 27, 2025 WY SF 69 Establishes Property Tax Exemption for Single Family Homes Conference Report Adopted - Senate (26 - 3)
Feb. 25, 2025 CT HB 7067 Amends State Sale and Tax Law Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 0)
Feb. 24, 2025 SD SB 198 Requires Entities Using Eminent Domain to First Attend a Mediation Meeting with Affected Landowners Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 17)
Feb. 19, 2025 OH SB 6 Amends Code Related to Building Inspection Fees and Appeals Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 0)
Feb. 12, 2025 VA HB 2037 Authorizes Local Ordinances that Require Solar Installment of Certain Property Owners Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 18)
Feb. 10, 2025 ID SCR 103 Establishes Bipartisan Working Group to Study Housing Availability and Affordability Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (23 - 10)
Feb. 5, 2025 National PN 11-14 Nomination of Eric Turner to be Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Nomination Confirmed - Senate (55 - 44)
Feb. 4, 2025 National PN 11-14 Nomination of Eric Turner to be Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Cloture Invoked - Senate (55 - 45)
Feb. 4, 2025 WY SF 69 Establishes Property Tax Exemption for Single Family Homes Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 8)
Jan. 28, 2025 NY A 519 Requires Residential Buildings with 3 or More Apartments to Install Clearly Audible Smoke Detectors Bill Passed - Senate (61 - 0)
Jan. 14, 2025 NY A 596 Expands the New York State Fire Prevention and Building Code Council Bill Passed - Senate (59 - 1)
Jan. 14, 2025 NJ A 1672 Extends and Expands the Senior Freeze Program to Include Disabled Railroad Workers Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 0)
Dec. 12, 2024 MI SB 409 Prohibits Family Homes from Being Included in Excessive Debt Collections Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
Nov. 14, 2024 MA H 5100 Increases Protections Over the State Economy and Amends the Commercial Real Estate Market Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 1)
Oct. 28, 2024 NJ S 3670 Authorizes Mortgage Payment Relief and Foreclosure Protection for Certain Homeowners Impacted by the Remnants of Hurricane Ida Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
Oct. 23, 2024 MI HB 5557 Requires Zoning and Growth Plans to Forecast and Take Into Account Housing Needs Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 14)
Oct. 9, 2024 PA HB 1730 Amends the Real Estate Licensing and Registration Act Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
Oct. 1, 2024 PA SB 1237 Extends the PA One Call Law Permanently Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 0)
Sept. 9, 2024 NC HB 556 Prohibits Landlords from Refusing Tenants Based on their Lawful Source of Income and Clarifies Changes to Ordinances in North Carolina Veto Override Passed - Senate (27 - 17)
Sept. 9, 2024 NC SB 166 Amends and Reforms Certain Regulations Surrounding Building Codes Veto Override Passed - Senate (27 - 17)
Aug. 31, 2024 CA SB 1103 Expands Certain Residential Tenant Protections to Commercial Property Tenants Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (22 - 9)
Aug. 31, 2024 CA SB 1037 Requires a Court to Modify Previous Housing and Zoning Orders Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (23 - 9)
Aug. 31, 2024 CA AB 98 Requires Creations of a Truck Routing Plan for California Cities Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 16)
Aug. 31, 2024 CA AB 1893 Amends the Housing Accountability Act Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 4)
Aug. 29, 2024 CA AB 1886 Extends Certain State Housing Laws Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 7)
Aug. 28, 2024 CA SB 1137 Prohibits Discrimination on the Basis of a Combination of Characteristics (Intersectionality) Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 8)
Aug. 27, 2024 CA AB 1840 Expands the Home Purchase Assistance Program Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 14)
Aug. 26, 2024 CA SB 1022 Amend Sections Regarding the Enforcement of Civil Rights Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 9)
Aug. 17, 2024 CA AB 2801 Increases Renter Protection Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 10)
July 11, 2024 PA SB 24 Requires Automatic Return of Unclaimed Property Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
July 1, 2024 CA AB 2813 Authorizes Affordable Housing Measures Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 8)
June 30, 2024 DE HB 212 Prohibits Increasing of Rent Rates in Manufactured Homes If Raised in Previous Year Bill Passed - Senate (14 - 0)
June 28, 2024 NJ A 3772 Restructures Property Tax Process Regarding Foreclosures and Equity Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
June 28, 2024 NJ S 3368 Increases State Laws Protecting Residential Tenants from Lead-Based Paint Hazards Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
June 28, 2024 NJ S 3006 Amends and Increases Penalties for Home Invasions Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 1)
June 28, 2024 NJ S 3407 Requires Payment of Prevailing Wage for Projects Financed Through Commercial Property Assessed Clean Energy Program Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 5)
June 20, 2024 NC HB 556 Prohibits Landlords from Refusing Tenants Based on their Lawful Source of Income and Clarifies Changes to Ordinances in North Carolina Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 6)
June 20, 2024 MI HB 5028 Prohibits Homeowners Associations From Banning Energy-Saving Improvements or Solar Energy Systems Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
June 18, 2024 VT H 887 Appropriates Yields and Funds to Homestead Tax Rates and Reforms the Education Finance System Veto Override Passed - Senate (22 - 7)
June 14, 2024 RI H 7980 Amends State Law so Mobile Homes are Counted as Affordable Housing Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 2)
June 13, 2024 RI H 7324 Repeals Basement Areas from the Calculation of Floor Area Ratios in Zoning Ordinances Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 13)
June 12, 2024 RI H 7382 Prohibits Zoning Regulations that Allow Less Than One Unrelated Individual per Bedroom to Live in a House Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 4)
June 12, 2024 RI H 7304 Increases Advance Notice Requirements for Rent Increases from 30 to 120 Days for Individuals Aged 62 and Older Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 6)
June 12, 2024 OH SB 206 Establishes a Process for the Sale of Derelict or Abandoned Aircraft Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 1)
June 12, 2024 PA SB 1236 Establishes Landlord and Homeowner Protections from Squatters Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 0)
May 30, 2024 NY S 5829 Amends Law Regarding Real Property Actions and Proceedings and Notices for Foreclosures Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 18)
May 23, 2024 OK SB 1994 Authorizes Property Owners to Ask Sheriffs to Remove Individuals Who are Unlawfully Occupying Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 7)
May 23, 2024 IL HB 4926 Prohibits Landlords from Charging a Fee to Access a Tenant Screening Report Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 17)
May 23, 2024 DE SB 293 Prohibits Income Discrimination in the Case of Housing Payments Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 4)
May 22, 2024 IL HB 4768 Prohibits Landlords from Retaliating Against Tenants Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 19)
May 21, 2024 LA HB 937 Specifies that Landowners Cannot be Held Liable for Any Actions Related to CCS Projects Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
May 21, 2024 CA SB 1022 Amend Sections Regarding the Enforcement of Civil Rights Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 9)
May 20, 2024 NJ A 2280 Prohibits Discriminatory Practices in Real Estate Appraisals and Requires Appraisers Complete Anti-Bias Training Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 10)
May 15, 2024 IL HB 4206 Authorizes Tenants to Pay Landlords Through Cash or Paper Check to Avoid Transaction Fees Bill Passed - Senate (43 - 12)
May 8, 2024 OH HB 50 Establishes a Mechanism to Allow Relief-Collateral Sanctions for Housing Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 1)
May 8, 2024 AZ HB 2720 Requires Cities with a Population of More than 75,000 Residents Allow Accessory Dwelling Units Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 11)
Date No. Title Outcome
3/27 HCR 5011 Requires Property Values be Based on the Lesser of the Fair Market Value or the Average Fair Market Value Conference Report Adopted - Senate (27 - 13)
3/26 SB 227 Increases the Tax Credit for the Redevelopment of Historic Structures Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 9)
3/24 A 3361 Establishes a Limit on Rent Increases for Certain Dwelling Sites for Modular or Industrialized Buildings or Manufactured Homes Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 13)
3/24 S 1400 Establishes an Alternative Process for Handling Court Proceedings Regarding Inherited Property Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
3/24 SB 599 Prohibits Landlords From Inquiring About the Immigration or Citizenship Status of an Applicant, Tenant, or Other Member of a Household Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 8)
3/20 SB 84 Reduces the Minimum Lot Size Requirement for Single-Family Homes "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (13 - 10)
3/19 SB 17 Increases Sanctions Against Foreign Entities from Purchasing Land in Texas Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 7)
3/19 SB 15 Authorizes a Fee on Residential Lots in Certain Municipalities and Gives Clearance for Smaller Homes to be Built on Smaller Lots Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 7)
3/13 PN 13-12 Nomination of William Pulte to be Director of the Federal Housing Finance Agency Nomination Confirmed - Senate (56 - 43)
3/13 HB 160 Prohibits Local Governments from Adopting or Enforcing Zoning Regulations that Treat Manufactured Homes Differently Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 5)
3/13 PN 13-12 Nomination of William Pulte to be Director of the Federal Housing Finance Agency Cloture Invoked - Senate (57 - 41)
3/12 HB 366 Establishes the Strengthen Arkansas Homes Act Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 9)
3/12 SB 267 Amends Regulations on Housing Application Fees Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 2)
3/11 HB 25-1009 Authorizes Fire Protection Provisions that Allow Metropolitan Districts to Require the Removal of Dead or Dry Material that can Fuel a Wildfire Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 11)
3/11 SB 5576 Authorizes New Excise Tax of 4% on Short-Term Rental Properties Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 21)
3/08 SB 81 Requires Property Insurance to be Provided to Homeowners and Businesses who Struggle to get Insurance Due to High Risk Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 1)
3/05 SB 1229 Reduces Lot Size Requirements and Local Controls for Housing Development Projects Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
3/04 HB 1052 Prohibits the Use of Eminent Domain for Carbon Dioxide Pipelines Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 12)
2/28 SB 90 Amends and Redistributes Certain State Tax Revenue to Primary Residence Property Tax Relief Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 7)
2/27 SF 69 Establishes Property Tax Exemption for Single Family Homes Conference Report Adopted - Senate (26 - 3)
2/25 HB 7067 Amends State Sale and Tax Law Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 0)
2/24 SB 198 Requires Entities Using Eminent Domain to First Attend a Mediation Meeting with Affected Landowners Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 17)
2/19 SB 6 Amends Code Related to Building Inspection Fees and Appeals Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 0)
2/12 HB 2037 Authorizes Local Ordinances that Require Solar Installment of Certain Property Owners Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 18)
2/10 SCR 103 Establishes Bipartisan Working Group to Study Housing Availability and Affordability Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (23 - 10)
2/05 PN 11-14 Nomination of Eric Turner to be Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Nomination Confirmed - Senate (55 - 44)
2/04 PN 11-14 Nomination of Eric Turner to be Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Cloture Invoked - Senate (55 - 45)
2/04 SF 69 Establishes Property Tax Exemption for Single Family Homes Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 8)
1/28 A 519 Requires Residential Buildings with 3 or More Apartments to Install Clearly Audible Smoke Detectors Bill Passed - Senate (61 - 0)
1/14 A 596 Expands the New York State Fire Prevention and Building Code Council Bill Passed - Senate (59 - 1)
1/14 A 1672 Extends and Expands the Senior Freeze Program to Include Disabled Railroad Workers Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 0)
12/12 SB 409 Prohibits Family Homes from Being Included in Excessive Debt Collections Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
11/14 H 5100 Increases Protections Over the State Economy and Amends the Commercial Real Estate Market Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 1)
10/28 S 3670 Authorizes Mortgage Payment Relief and Foreclosure Protection for Certain Homeowners Impacted by the Remnants of Hurricane Ida Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
10/23 HB 5557 Requires Zoning and Growth Plans to Forecast and Take Into Account Housing Needs Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 14)
10/09 HB 1730 Amends the Real Estate Licensing and Registration Act Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
10/01 SB 1237 Extends the PA One Call Law Permanently Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 0)
9/09 HB 556 Prohibits Landlords from Refusing Tenants Based on their Lawful Source of Income and Clarifies Changes to Ordinances in North Carolina Veto Override Passed - Senate (27 - 17)
9/09 SB 166 Amends and Reforms Certain Regulations Surrounding Building Codes Veto Override Passed - Senate (27 - 17)
8/31 SB 1103 Expands Certain Residential Tenant Protections to Commercial Property Tenants Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (22 - 9)
8/31 SB 1037 Requires a Court to Modify Previous Housing and Zoning Orders Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (23 - 9)
8/31 AB 98 Requires Creations of a Truck Routing Plan for California Cities Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 16)
8/31 AB 1893 Amends the Housing Accountability Act Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 4)
8/29 AB 1886 Extends Certain State Housing Laws Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 7)
8/28 SB 1137 Prohibits Discrimination on the Basis of a Combination of Characteristics (Intersectionality) Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 8)
8/27 AB 1840 Expands the Home Purchase Assistance Program Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 14)
8/26 SB 1022 Amend Sections Regarding the Enforcement of Civil Rights Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 9)
8/17 AB 2801 Increases Renter Protection Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 10)
7/11 SB 24 Requires Automatic Return of Unclaimed Property Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
7/01 AB 2813 Authorizes Affordable Housing Measures Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 8)
6/30 HB 212 Prohibits Increasing of Rent Rates in Manufactured Homes If Raised in Previous Year Bill Passed - Senate (14 - 0)
6/28 A 3772 Restructures Property Tax Process Regarding Foreclosures and Equity Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
6/28 S 3368 Increases State Laws Protecting Residential Tenants from Lead-Based Paint Hazards Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
6/28 S 3006 Amends and Increases Penalties for Home Invasions Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 1)
6/28 S 3407 Requires Payment of Prevailing Wage for Projects Financed Through Commercial Property Assessed Clean Energy Program Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 5)
6/20 HB 556 Prohibits Landlords from Refusing Tenants Based on their Lawful Source of Income and Clarifies Changes to Ordinances in North Carolina Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 6)
6/20 HB 5028 Prohibits Homeowners Associations From Banning Energy-Saving Improvements or Solar Energy Systems Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
6/18 H 887 Appropriates Yields and Funds to Homestead Tax Rates and Reforms the Education Finance System Veto Override Passed - Senate (22 - 7)
6/14 H 7980 Amends State Law so Mobile Homes are Counted as Affordable Housing Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 2)
6/13 H 7324 Repeals Basement Areas from the Calculation of Floor Area Ratios in Zoning Ordinances Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 13)
6/12 H 7382 Prohibits Zoning Regulations that Allow Less Than One Unrelated Individual per Bedroom to Live in a House Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 4)
6/12 H 7304 Increases Advance Notice Requirements for Rent Increases from 30 to 120 Days for Individuals Aged 62 and Older Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 6)
6/12 SB 206 Establishes a Process for the Sale of Derelict or Abandoned Aircraft Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 1)
6/12 SB 1236 Establishes Landlord and Homeowner Protections from Squatters Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 0)
5/30 S 5829 Amends Law Regarding Real Property Actions and Proceedings and Notices for Foreclosures Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 18)
5/23 SB 1994 Authorizes Property Owners to Ask Sheriffs to Remove Individuals Who are Unlawfully Occupying Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 7)
5/23 HB 4926 Prohibits Landlords from Charging a Fee to Access a Tenant Screening Report Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 17)
5/23 SB 293 Prohibits Income Discrimination in the Case of Housing Payments Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 4)
5/22 HB 4768 Prohibits Landlords from Retaliating Against Tenants Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 19)
5/21 HB 937 Specifies that Landowners Cannot be Held Liable for Any Actions Related to CCS Projects Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
5/21 SB 1022 Amend Sections Regarding the Enforcement of Civil Rights Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 9)
5/20 A 2280 Prohibits Discriminatory Practices in Real Estate Appraisals and Requires Appraisers Complete Anti-Bias Training Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 10)
5/15 HB 4206 Authorizes Tenants to Pay Landlords Through Cash or Paper Check to Avoid Transaction Fees Bill Passed - Senate (43 - 12)
5/08 HB 50 Establishes a Mechanism to Allow Relief-Collateral Sanctions for Housing Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 1)
5/08 HB 2720 Requires Cities with a Population of More than 75,000 Residents Allow Accessory Dwelling Units Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 11)

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