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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
March 19, 2025 OH SB 2 Increases Energy Generation and Improves State Electric Grid Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 0)
March 19, 2025 TX SB 388 Requires 50% of New Energy Generating Capacity to be from a Dispatch Generator other than Battery Energy Storage Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 13)
March 18, 2025 AR SB 307 Authorizes Utility Companies to Make Capital Investments Without Permission from State Regulators Bill Passed - House (77 - 13)
March 18, 2025 AR SB 307 Authorizes Utility Companies to Make Capital Investments Without Permission from State Regulators Bill Passed - House (77 - 13)
March 14, 2025 CO HB 25-1040 Defines Nuclear Energy as a Clean Energy Resource Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 5)
March 13, 2025 MO SB 4 Amends Various State Utility Regulations Bill Passed - House (96 - 44)
March 13, 2025 NC SB 261 Authorizes Increases in Electrical Costs for Power Plants Not Yet Built Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 12)
March 12, 2025 AR SB 307 Authorizes Utility Companies to Make Capital Investments Without Permission from State Regulators Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 9)
March 12, 2025 AR SB 307 Authorizes Utility Companies to Make Capital Investments Without Permission from State Regulators Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 9)
March 11, 2025 NM HB 295 Exempts Improvements on Land Owned by the New Mexico Renewable Energy Authority From Property Tax Bill Passed - House (38 - 27)
March 6, 2025 National S J Res 11 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management relating to "Protection of Marine Archaeological Resources". Joint Resolution Passed - House (221 - 202)
March 6, 2025 AZ SB 1538 Amends the Definition of a "Plant" in ARS Section 40-360 to Include Non-Thermal Electric Generating Units Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 11)
March 5, 2025 National H J Res 42 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program for Appliance Standards: Certification Requirements, Labeling Requirements, and Enforcement Provisions for Certain Consumer Products and Commercial Equipment". Joint Resolution Passed - House (222 - 203)
March 5, 2025 OK HB 1370 Increases Money Appropriated to the Oklahoma Corporation Commission's Plugging Fund Bill Passed - House (90 - 3)
March 5, 2025 OK HB 1369 Modifies Amounts Paid to the Oklahoma Corporation Commission for Oil and Gas Wells Bill Passed - House (91 - 3)
March 4, 2025 SD HB 1052 Prohibits the Use of Eminent Domain for Carbon Dioxide Pipelines Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 12)
March 4, 2025 OK HB 1375 Establishes the Oklahoma Nuclear Energy Feasibility Study Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (85 - 4)
March 1, 2025 NM HB 128 Establishes a $20 Million Fund to Provide Grants for Solar Energy and Battery Storage for Tribal, Rural and Low-Income Schools, Municipalities and Counties Bill Passed - House (43 - 22)
Feb. 27, 2025 National H J Res 35 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Waste Emissions Charge for Petroleum and Natural Gas Systems: Procedures for Facilitating Compliance, Including Netting and Exemptions". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (52 - 47)
Feb. 27, 2025 National H J Res 20 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for Consumer Gas-fired Instantaneous Water Heaters" Joint Resolution Passed - House (221 - 198)
Feb. 26, 2025 National S J Res 12 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Waste Emissions Charge for Petroleum and Natural Gas Systems: Procedures for Facilitating Compliance, Including Netting and Exemptions". Motion Agreed - Senate (52 - 47)
Feb. 26, 2025 AZ SB 1309 Requires Improvements of the Electrical Power Grid to Protect Against Severe Weather and Drought Conditions Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 12)
Feb. 26, 2025 National H J Res 35 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Waste Emissions Charge for Petroleum and Natural Gas Systems: Procedures for Facilitating Compliance, Including Netting and Exemptions". Joint Resolution Passed - House (220 - 206)
Feb. 26, 2025 National S J Res 10 A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared with respect to energy. Joint Resolution Failed - Senate (47 - 52)
Feb. 25, 2025 NJ S 364 Authorizes Fusion Energy Projects to Receive Funding from the Clean Energy Fund Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
Feb. 25, 2025 National S J Res 11 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management relating to "Protection of Marine Archaeological Resources". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (54 - 42)
Feb. 25, 2025 CO HB 25-1040 Defines Nuclear Energy as a Clean Energy Resource Bill Passed - House (43 - 18)
Feb. 25, 2025 National HR 788 DOE and SBA Research Act Bill Passed - House (427 - 3)
Feb. 24, 2025 NY S 824 Establishes a New Climate Change Adaptation Fund to Collect Payment From Certain Fossil Fuel Entities Bill Passed - House (97 - 48)
Feb. 24, 2025 MO SB 4 Amends Various State Utility Regulations Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 11)
Feb. 22, 2025 VA HB 1601 Requires Sound Profiling and Reports Regarding Electrical Information Infrastructure from Data Center Applicants and Utilities in Virginia Conference Report Adopted - House (55 - 44)
Feb. 22, 2025 NM SB 23 Increases Top Oil And Gas Royalty Rates On State Lands Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 15)
Feb. 21, 2025 VA SB 1021 Amends Utility Plan Reviews by Adding Transportation Issues Conference Report Adopted - Senate (21 - 19)
Feb. 21, 2025 VA HB 1601 Requires Sound Profiling and Reports Regarding Electrical Information Infrastructure from Data Center Applicants and Utilities in Virginia Conference Report Adopted - Senate (22 - 13)
Feb. 21, 2025 VA SB 1021 Amends Utility Plan Reviews by Adding Transportation Issues Conference Report Adopted - House (65 - 31)
Feb. 20, 2025 VA HB 2087 Reduces the Time Restraints to Build and Operate Public Charging Stations for Electric Vehicles Concurrence Vote Passed - House (60 - 36)
Feb. 20, 2025 VA HB 2537 Expands the Existing Mandate in the Virginia Clean Economy Act Over Battery Storage Concurrence Vote Passed - House (56 - 40)
Feb. 20, 2025 VA HB 1883 Amends the States Existing Renewable Portfolio Standard Concurrence Vote Passed - House (58 - 39)
Feb. 20, 2025 VA HB 2744 Authorizes Upgrades at a Qualifying Households that Reduces or Eliminates Their Reliance on Certain Fuel Concurrence Vote Passed - House (70 - 27)
Feb. 20, 2025 VA HB 2087 Reduces the Time Restraints to Build and Operate Public Charging Stations for Electric Vehicles Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 7)
Feb. 20, 2025 VA HB 2537 Expands the Existing Mandate in the Virginia Clean Economy Act Over Battery Storage Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 19)
Feb. 19, 2025 VA SB 1100 Establishes a Pilot Program to Authorize Utility Companies to Take Over Thermostat Control and Other Energy-Using Devices for Individuals and Businesses Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (21 - 19)
Feb. 19, 2025 VA HB 1791 Authorizes Installing Electric Vehicle Chargers in Certain Rural Areas Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 19)
Feb. 19, 2025 VA HB 2744 Authorizes Upgrades at a Qualifying Households that Reduces or Eliminates Their Reliance on Certain Fuel Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 18)
Feb. 19, 2025 VA HB 1883 Amends the States Existing Renewable Portfolio Standard Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 17)
Feb. 19, 2025 AR HB 1411 Amends and Clarifies Regulation on Carbon Capture and Sequestration Technologies Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 4)
Feb. 18, 2025 VA SB 1021 Amends Utility Plan Reviews by Adding Transportation Issues Bill Passed - House (74 - 23)
Feb. 18, 2025 VA SB 1100 Establishes a Pilot Program to Authorize Utility Companies to Take Over Thermostat Control and Other Energy-Using Devices for Individuals and Businesses Bill Passed - House (70 - 26)
Feb. 18, 2025 MT HB 291 Amends State Air Quality Standards Bill Passed - House (61 - 38)
Feb. 14, 2025 VA HB 2037 Authorizes Local Ordinances that Require Solar Installment of Certain Property Owners Concurrence Vote Passed - House (62 - 34)
Date No. Title Outcome
3/19 SB 2 Increases Energy Generation and Improves State Electric Grid Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 0)
3/19 SB 388 Requires 50% of New Energy Generating Capacity to be from a Dispatch Generator other than Battery Energy Storage Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 13)
3/18 SB 307 Authorizes Utility Companies to Make Capital Investments Without Permission from State Regulators Bill Passed - House (77 - 13)
3/18 SB 307 Authorizes Utility Companies to Make Capital Investments Without Permission from State Regulators Bill Passed - House (77 - 13)
3/14 HB 25-1040 Defines Nuclear Energy as a Clean Energy Resource Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 5)
3/13 SB 4 Amends Various State Utility Regulations Bill Passed - House (96 - 44)
3/13 SB 261 Authorizes Increases in Electrical Costs for Power Plants Not Yet Built Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 12)
3/12 SB 307 Authorizes Utility Companies to Make Capital Investments Without Permission from State Regulators Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 9)
3/12 SB 307 Authorizes Utility Companies to Make Capital Investments Without Permission from State Regulators Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 9)
3/11 HB 295 Exempts Improvements on Land Owned by the New Mexico Renewable Energy Authority From Property Tax Bill Passed - House (38 - 27)
3/06 S J Res 11 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management relating to "Protection of Marine Archaeological Resources". Joint Resolution Passed - House (221 - 202)
3/06 SB 1538 Amends the Definition of a "Plant" in ARS Section 40-360 to Include Non-Thermal Electric Generating Units Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 11)
3/05 H J Res 42 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program for Appliance Standards: Certification Requirements, Labeling Requirements, and Enforcement Provisions for Certain Consumer Products and Commercial Equipment". Joint Resolution Passed - House (222 - 203)
3/05 HB 1370 Increases Money Appropriated to the Oklahoma Corporation Commission's Plugging Fund Bill Passed - House (90 - 3)
3/05 HB 1369 Modifies Amounts Paid to the Oklahoma Corporation Commission for Oil and Gas Wells Bill Passed - House (91 - 3)
3/04 HB 1052 Prohibits the Use of Eminent Domain for Carbon Dioxide Pipelines Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 12)
3/04 HB 1375 Establishes the Oklahoma Nuclear Energy Feasibility Study Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (85 - 4)
3/01 HB 128 Establishes a $20 Million Fund to Provide Grants for Solar Energy and Battery Storage for Tribal, Rural and Low-Income Schools, Municipalities and Counties Bill Passed - House (43 - 22)
2/27 H J Res 35 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Waste Emissions Charge for Petroleum and Natural Gas Systems: Procedures for Facilitating Compliance, Including Netting and Exemptions". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (52 - 47)
2/27 H J Res 20 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for Consumer Gas-fired Instantaneous Water Heaters" Joint Resolution Passed - House (221 - 198)
2/26 S J Res 12 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Waste Emissions Charge for Petroleum and Natural Gas Systems: Procedures for Facilitating Compliance, Including Netting and Exemptions". Motion Agreed - Senate (52 - 47)
2/26 SB 1309 Requires Improvements of the Electrical Power Grid to Protect Against Severe Weather and Drought Conditions Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 12)
2/26 H J Res 35 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Waste Emissions Charge for Petroleum and Natural Gas Systems: Procedures for Facilitating Compliance, Including Netting and Exemptions". Joint Resolution Passed - House (220 - 206)
2/26 S J Res 10 A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared with respect to energy. Joint Resolution Failed - Senate (47 - 52)
2/25 S 364 Authorizes Fusion Energy Projects to Receive Funding from the Clean Energy Fund Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
2/25 S J Res 11 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management relating to "Protection of Marine Archaeological Resources". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (54 - 42)
2/25 HB 25-1040 Defines Nuclear Energy as a Clean Energy Resource Bill Passed - House (43 - 18)
2/25 HR 788 DOE and SBA Research Act Bill Passed - House (427 - 3)
2/24 S 824 Establishes a New Climate Change Adaptation Fund to Collect Payment From Certain Fossil Fuel Entities Bill Passed - House (97 - 48)
2/24 SB 4 Amends Various State Utility Regulations Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 11)
2/22 HB 1601 Requires Sound Profiling and Reports Regarding Electrical Information Infrastructure from Data Center Applicants and Utilities in Virginia Conference Report Adopted - House (55 - 44)
2/22 SB 23 Increases Top Oil And Gas Royalty Rates On State Lands Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 15)
2/21 SB 1021 Amends Utility Plan Reviews by Adding Transportation Issues Conference Report Adopted - Senate (21 - 19)
2/21 HB 1601 Requires Sound Profiling and Reports Regarding Electrical Information Infrastructure from Data Center Applicants and Utilities in Virginia Conference Report Adopted - Senate (22 - 13)
2/21 SB 1021 Amends Utility Plan Reviews by Adding Transportation Issues Conference Report Adopted - House (65 - 31)
2/20 HB 2087 Reduces the Time Restraints to Build and Operate Public Charging Stations for Electric Vehicles Concurrence Vote Passed - House (60 - 36)
2/20 HB 2537 Expands the Existing Mandate in the Virginia Clean Economy Act Over Battery Storage Concurrence Vote Passed - House (56 - 40)
2/20 HB 1883 Amends the States Existing Renewable Portfolio Standard Concurrence Vote Passed - House (58 - 39)
2/20 HB 2744 Authorizes Upgrades at a Qualifying Households that Reduces or Eliminates Their Reliance on Certain Fuel Concurrence Vote Passed - House (70 - 27)
2/20 HB 2087 Reduces the Time Restraints to Build and Operate Public Charging Stations for Electric Vehicles Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 7)
2/20 HB 2537 Expands the Existing Mandate in the Virginia Clean Economy Act Over Battery Storage Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 19)
2/19 SB 1100 Establishes a Pilot Program to Authorize Utility Companies to Take Over Thermostat Control and Other Energy-Using Devices for Individuals and Businesses Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (21 - 19)
2/19 HB 1791 Authorizes Installing Electric Vehicle Chargers in Certain Rural Areas Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 19)
2/19 HB 2744 Authorizes Upgrades at a Qualifying Households that Reduces or Eliminates Their Reliance on Certain Fuel Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 18)
2/19 HB 1883 Amends the States Existing Renewable Portfolio Standard Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 17)
2/19 HB 1411 Amends and Clarifies Regulation on Carbon Capture and Sequestration Technologies Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 4)
2/18 SB 1021 Amends Utility Plan Reviews by Adding Transportation Issues Bill Passed - House (74 - 23)
2/18 SB 1100 Establishes a Pilot Program to Authorize Utility Companies to Take Over Thermostat Control and Other Energy-Using Devices for Individuals and Businesses Bill Passed - House (70 - 26)
2/18 HB 291 Amends State Air Quality Standards Bill Passed - House (61 - 38)
2/14 HB 2037 Authorizes Local Ordinances that Require Solar Installment of Certain Property Owners Concurrence Vote Passed - House (62 - 34)
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