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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
May 31, 2025 TX SB 37 Authorizes Political Appointees to Review and Approve or Reject Courses and the Hiring of a Provost or Chief Academic Officer Conference Report Adopted - Senate (20 - 11)
May 31, 2025 TX SB 12 Authorizes Parents the Right to Prohibit Topics Regarding Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) Being Taught to Their Children Conference Report Adopted - Senate (20 - 11)
May 31, 2025 TX SB 13 Establishes Sanctions Within All Public Schools to Regulate the Books Available to Students and Ban Books that are Deemed Inappropriate Conference Report Adopted - Senate (23 - 8)
May 30, 2025 TX SB 974 Prohibits the Influence of Texas School District Trustees and Authorizes District Employees to Serve on Appraisal Review Boards Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (23 - 8)
May 30, 2025 TX SB 974 Prohibits the Influence of Texas School District Trustees and Authorizes District Employees to Serve on Appraisal Review Boards Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (23 - 8)
May 30, 2025 CT SB 1 Appropriates $300 Million for a Child Care Trust Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 4)
May 29, 2025 MA S 2521 Appropriates Funds to the Department of Early Education and Care for Fiscal Year 2025 Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
May 28, 2025 OK HB 1727 Extends Eligibility for the Oklahoma's Promise Scholarship Conference Report Adopted - Senate (35 - 10)
May 28, 2025 OK HB 1087 Extends the Teacher Salary Schedule Increases by 10 Years Conference Report Adopted - Senate (35 - 12)
May 28, 2025 OK HB 1087 Extends the Teacher Salary Schedule Increases by 10 Years Conference Report Adopted - Senate (35 - 12)
May 28, 2025 OK HB 1727 Extends Eligibility for the Oklahoma's Promise Scholarship Conference Report Adopted - Senate (35 - 10)
May 28, 2025 OK SB 235 Establishes the Grow Your Own Educator Program Conference Report Adopted - Senate (36 - 10)
May 28, 2025 OK SB 235 Establishes the Grow Your Own Educator Program Conference Report Adopted - Senate (36 - 10)
May 28, 2025 TX SB 10 Requires the 10 Commandments be Displayed in Public Schools Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (21 - 10)
May 28, 2025 NE LB 89 Defines "Male" and "Female" in State Law Targeted for K-12 or Collegiate Bathrooms, Sports Teams and Locker Rooms Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 16)
May 28, 2025 NE LB 89 Defines "Male" and "Female" in State Law Targeted for K-12 or Collegiate Bathrooms, Sports Teams and Locker Rooms Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 16)
May 28, 2025 ME LD 384 Establishes the Student Homelessness Prevention Program Within the Department of Education "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (28 - 6)
May 28, 2025 CA SB 640 Establishes a Direct Admission Program for In-State High School Students to be Admitted to a Designated California State University Campus Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
May 28, 2025 CA SB 640 Establishes a Direct Admission Program for In-State High School Students to be Admitted to a Designated California State University Campus Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
May 27, 2025 TX HB 2243 Establishes the Texas Commission on Teacher Job Satisfaction and Retention Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 10)
May 27, 2025 TX HB 2243 Establishes the Texas Commission on Teacher Job Satisfaction and Retention Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 10)
May 27, 2025 NV SB 90 Appropriates Funds to Establish a Classroom Supplies Grant Program Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 0)
May 22, 2025 NH HB 148 Requires Students Use the Same Restroom that Aligns with Their Sex at Birth "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (16 - 8)
May 22, 2025 TX HB 6 Authorizes K-12 Public Schools to Discipline Students with Out-of-School Suspensions Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 2)
May 22, 2025 TX HB 6 Authorizes K-12 Public Schools to Discipline Students with Out-of-School Suspensions Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 2)
May 22, 2025 NV AB 445 Exempts Library Employees in Nevada from Liability for Providing Access to Library Materials Bill Passed - Senate (14 - 7)
May 21, 2025 IL HB 1859 Prohibits the Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) As an Instructional Tool Bill Passed - Senate (46 - 12)
May 21, 2025 NV AB 406 Prohibits School Counselors, Psychologists and Social Workers from Using Artificial Intelligence (AI) to Provide Care Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 1)
May 21, 2025 NV SB 500 Appropriates Funding for K-12 Public Education for the 2025-2027 Biennium Bill Passed - Senate (13 - 8)
May 20, 2025 AK HB 57 Increases the Basic Input Into the State's Public School Funding Formula for the Base Student Allocation by $700 Veto Override Passed - Senate (17 - 3)
May 20, 2025 OR HB 2948 Prohibits School Administrators From Directing School Nurses in the Practice of Nursing Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 0)
May 20, 2025 MI SB 260 Specifies that Public Universities, Colleges, and School Districts May be Held Liable for Criminal Sexual Conduct of an Employee or Agent Committed During the Course of Employment or Service Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
May 20, 2025 CT SB 1371 Requires "Just Cause" When Firing Teachers Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 8)
May 20, 2025 CT SB 1371 Requires "Just Cause" When Firing Teachers Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 8)
May 20, 2025 NY S 1099 Requires the Commissioner of Education to Develop Policies to Ensure That School Libraries Have Access to the Widest Selection of Materials Available Bill Passed - Senate (46 - 15)
May 20, 2025 NY S 1099 Requires the Commissioner of Education to Develop Policies to Ensure That School Libraries Have Access to the Widest Selection of Materials Available Bill Passed - Senate (46 - 15)
May 19, 2025 NV AB 48 Requires Schools to Investigate Race-Based Bullying Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 0)
May 19, 2025 NV SB 161 Specifies Authorized Actions for Teachers That do Not Constitute a Strike Under Existing State Law Bill Passed - Senate (14 - 6)
May 15, 2025 NH HB 324 Amends the Process for Banning Books in New Hampshire Schools by Creating a Procedure for Removal and Cause of Action "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (15 - 8)
May 15, 2025 NH HB 324 Amends the Process for Banning Books in New Hampshire Schools by Creating a Procedure for Removal and Cause of Action "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (15 - 8)
May 14, 2025 IA HF 189 Establishes Requirements for Public School Districts with Nonpublic School Students Wishing to Participate in Extracurricular Athletics Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 13)
May 14, 2025 IA HF 189 Establishes Requirements for Public School Districts with Nonpublic School Students Wishing to Participate in Extracurricular Athletics Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 13)
May 14, 2025 NE LB 140 Prohibits Student Cell Phone Use in Schools Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 1)
May 14, 2025 NE LB 89 Defines "Male" and "Female" in State Law Targeted for K-12 or Collegiate Bathrooms, Sports Teams and Locker Rooms Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 15)
May 14, 2025 NE LB 89 Defines "Male" and "Female" in State Law Targeted for K-12 or Collegiate Bathrooms, Sports Teams and Locker Rooms Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 15)
May 14, 2025 OH SB 158 Prohibits Cell-Phone Use by Students During the School Day Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 2)
May 13, 2025 OK SB 105 Repeals Prior Public School Enrollment Requirements for the Lindsey Nicole Henry Scholarships for Students with Disabilities Program Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 9)
May 13, 2025 OK SB 105 Repeals Prior Public School Enrollment Requirements for the Lindsey Nicole Henry Scholarships for Students with Disabilities Program Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 9)
May 13, 2025 IA HF 972 Requires the Iowa Health and Human Services Department (HHS) to Use No More than $150 Million Federal Funds to Create 115 New Medical Residency Slots at State Teaching Hospitals Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 4)
May 13, 2025 RI S 771 Requires Each Public School to have a Policy Regarding the Use of Personal Electronic Devices on School Grounds and During School-Sponsored Activities Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 0)
Date No. Title Outcome
5/31 SB 37 Authorizes Political Appointees to Review and Approve or Reject Courses and the Hiring of a Provost or Chief Academic Officer Conference Report Adopted - Senate (20 - 11)
5/31 SB 12 Authorizes Parents the Right to Prohibit Topics Regarding Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) Being Taught to Their Children Conference Report Adopted - Senate (20 - 11)
5/31 SB 13 Establishes Sanctions Within All Public Schools to Regulate the Books Available to Students and Ban Books that are Deemed Inappropriate Conference Report Adopted - Senate (23 - 8)
5/30 SB 974 Prohibits the Influence of Texas School District Trustees and Authorizes District Employees to Serve on Appraisal Review Boards Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (23 - 8)
5/30 SB 974 Prohibits the Influence of Texas School District Trustees and Authorizes District Employees to Serve on Appraisal Review Boards Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (23 - 8)
5/30 SB 1 Appropriates $300 Million for a Child Care Trust Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 4)
5/29 S 2521 Appropriates Funds to the Department of Early Education and Care for Fiscal Year 2025 Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
5/28 HB 1727 Extends Eligibility for the Oklahoma's Promise Scholarship Conference Report Adopted - Senate (35 - 10)
5/28 HB 1087 Extends the Teacher Salary Schedule Increases by 10 Years Conference Report Adopted - Senate (35 - 12)
5/28 HB 1087 Extends the Teacher Salary Schedule Increases by 10 Years Conference Report Adopted - Senate (35 - 12)
5/28 HB 1727 Extends Eligibility for the Oklahoma's Promise Scholarship Conference Report Adopted - Senate (35 - 10)
5/28 SB 235 Establishes the Grow Your Own Educator Program Conference Report Adopted - Senate (36 - 10)
5/28 SB 235 Establishes the Grow Your Own Educator Program Conference Report Adopted - Senate (36 - 10)
5/28 SB 10 Requires the 10 Commandments be Displayed in Public Schools Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (21 - 10)
5/28 LB 89 Defines "Male" and "Female" in State Law Targeted for K-12 or Collegiate Bathrooms, Sports Teams and Locker Rooms Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 16)
5/28 LB 89 Defines "Male" and "Female" in State Law Targeted for K-12 or Collegiate Bathrooms, Sports Teams and Locker Rooms Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 16)
5/28 LD 384 Establishes the Student Homelessness Prevention Program Within the Department of Education "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (28 - 6)
5/28 SB 640 Establishes a Direct Admission Program for In-State High School Students to be Admitted to a Designated California State University Campus Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
5/28 SB 640 Establishes a Direct Admission Program for In-State High School Students to be Admitted to a Designated California State University Campus Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
5/27 HB 2243 Establishes the Texas Commission on Teacher Job Satisfaction and Retention Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 10)
5/27 HB 2243 Establishes the Texas Commission on Teacher Job Satisfaction and Retention Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 10)
5/27 SB 90 Appropriates Funds to Establish a Classroom Supplies Grant Program Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 0)
5/22 HB 148 Requires Students Use the Same Restroom that Aligns with Their Sex at Birth "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (16 - 8)
5/22 HB 6 Authorizes K-12 Public Schools to Discipline Students with Out-of-School Suspensions Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 2)
5/22 HB 6 Authorizes K-12 Public Schools to Discipline Students with Out-of-School Suspensions Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 2)
5/22 AB 445 Exempts Library Employees in Nevada from Liability for Providing Access to Library Materials Bill Passed - Senate (14 - 7)
5/21 HB 1859 Prohibits the Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) As an Instructional Tool Bill Passed - Senate (46 - 12)
5/21 AB 406 Prohibits School Counselors, Psychologists and Social Workers from Using Artificial Intelligence (AI) to Provide Care Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 1)
5/21 SB 500 Appropriates Funding for K-12 Public Education for the 2025-2027 Biennium Bill Passed - Senate (13 - 8)
5/20 HB 57 Increases the Basic Input Into the State's Public School Funding Formula for the Base Student Allocation by $700 Veto Override Passed - Senate (17 - 3)
5/20 HB 2948 Prohibits School Administrators From Directing School Nurses in the Practice of Nursing Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 0)
5/20 SB 260 Specifies that Public Universities, Colleges, and School Districts May be Held Liable for Criminal Sexual Conduct of an Employee or Agent Committed During the Course of Employment or Service Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
5/20 SB 1371 Requires "Just Cause" When Firing Teachers Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 8)
5/20 SB 1371 Requires "Just Cause" When Firing Teachers Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 8)
5/20 S 1099 Requires the Commissioner of Education to Develop Policies to Ensure That School Libraries Have Access to the Widest Selection of Materials Available Bill Passed - Senate (46 - 15)
5/20 S 1099 Requires the Commissioner of Education to Develop Policies to Ensure That School Libraries Have Access to the Widest Selection of Materials Available Bill Passed - Senate (46 - 15)
5/19 AB 48 Requires Schools to Investigate Race-Based Bullying Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 0)
5/19 SB 161 Specifies Authorized Actions for Teachers That do Not Constitute a Strike Under Existing State Law Bill Passed - Senate (14 - 6)
5/15 HB 324 Amends the Process for Banning Books in New Hampshire Schools by Creating a Procedure for Removal and Cause of Action "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (15 - 8)
5/15 HB 324 Amends the Process for Banning Books in New Hampshire Schools by Creating a Procedure for Removal and Cause of Action "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (15 - 8)
5/14 HF 189 Establishes Requirements for Public School Districts with Nonpublic School Students Wishing to Participate in Extracurricular Athletics Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 13)
5/14 HF 189 Establishes Requirements for Public School Districts with Nonpublic School Students Wishing to Participate in Extracurricular Athletics Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 13)
5/14 LB 140 Prohibits Student Cell Phone Use in Schools Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 1)
5/14 LB 89 Defines "Male" and "Female" in State Law Targeted for K-12 or Collegiate Bathrooms, Sports Teams and Locker Rooms Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 15)
5/14 LB 89 Defines "Male" and "Female" in State Law Targeted for K-12 or Collegiate Bathrooms, Sports Teams and Locker Rooms Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 15)
5/14 SB 158 Prohibits Cell-Phone Use by Students During the School Day Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 2)
5/13 SB 105 Repeals Prior Public School Enrollment Requirements for the Lindsey Nicole Henry Scholarships for Students with Disabilities Program Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 9)
5/13 SB 105 Repeals Prior Public School Enrollment Requirements for the Lindsey Nicole Henry Scholarships for Students with Disabilities Program Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 9)
5/13 HF 972 Requires the Iowa Health and Human Services Department (HHS) to Use No More than $150 Million Federal Funds to Create 115 New Medical Residency Slots at State Teaching Hospitals Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 4)
5/13 S 771 Requires Each Public School to have a Policy Regarding the Use of Personal Electronic Devices on School Grounds and During School-Sponsored Activities Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 0)
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