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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Jan. 12, 2026 National HR 6938 Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026 Cloture Invoked - Senate (80 - 13)
Jan. 7, 2026 National S J Res 86 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Air Plan Approval; South Dakota; Regional Haze Plan for the Second Implementation Period" Motion Rejected - Senate (43 - 50)
Dec. 17, 2025 National PN 645-2 Nomination of Douglas Weaver to be a Member of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission Nomination Confirmed - Senate (71 - 29)
Dec. 17, 2025 National PN 645-2 Nomination of Douglas Weaver to be a Member of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission Cloture Invoked - Senate (69 - 27)
Dec. 4, 2025 National H J Res 131 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Coastal Plain Oil and Gas Leasing Program Record of Decision" Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 45)
Nov. 20, 2025 National H J Res 130 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Buffalo Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment" Bill Passed - Senate (51 - 43)
Nov. 19, 2025 National PN 445-6 Nomination of Ho Nieh, of Alabama, to be a Member of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission for the remainder of the term expiring June 30, 2029, vice Christopher T. Hanson (66 - 32)
Nov. 19, 2025 National S J Res 89 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Buffalo Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment" Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 47)
Nov. 19, 2025 National S J Res 76 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Extension of Deadlines in Standards of Performance for New, Reconstructed, and Modified Sources and Emissions Guidelines for Existing Sources: Oil and Natural Gas Sector Climate Review Final Rule" Motion Rejected - Senate (46 - 51)
Nov. 19, 2025 OH SB 219 Amends Requirements for Plugging Orphaned Oil and Gas Wells Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 8)
Nov. 18, 2025 National PN 445-6 Nomination of Ho Nieh, of Alabama, to be a Member of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission for the remainder of the term expiring June 30, 2029, vice Christopher T. Hanson Cloture Invoked - Senate (65 - 32)
Oct. 30, 2025 National S J Res 80 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska Integrated Activity Plan Record of Decision". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (52 - 45)
Oct. 30, 2025 MI SB 182 Appropriates $50 Million to the Michigan Department of Health for Emergency Food Assistance Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 4)
Oct. 29, 2025 National S J Res 69 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service relating to "Record of Decision for the Barred Owl Management Strategy; Washington, Oregon, and California" Motion Rejected - Senate (25 - 72)
Oct. 29, 2025 National S J Res 80 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska Integrated Activity Plan Record of Decision". Motion Agreed - Senate (54 - 46)
Oct. 22, 2025 PA SB 1068 Repeals Pennsylvania's Participation in the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 17)
Oct. 22, 2025 PA SB 1068 Repeals Pennsylvania's Participation in the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 17)
Oct. 21, 2025 MI SB 276 Increases Fees for Fishing and Hunting Licenses Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 13)
Oct. 21, 2025 MI SB 277 Appropriates Annually a Portion of the Revenue from the State Sales Tax to the Game and Fish Protection Account Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 14)
Oct. 9, 2025 National H J Res 106 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Central Yukon Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan". Motion Agreed - Senate (50 - 47)
Oct. 8, 2025 National H J Res 105 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "North Dakota Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 45)
Oct. 8, 2025 National H J Res 105 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "North Dakota Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan". Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 47)
Oct. 8, 2025 National S J Res 71 A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared with respect to energy. Joint Resolution Failed - Senate (47 - 51)
Oct. 7, 2025 National H J Res 104 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Miles City Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment". Motion Agreed - Senate (50 - 47)
Oct. 3, 2025 MI SB 579 Authorizes the State to Continue Collecting Certain Environmental Fees Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
Oct. 3, 2025 MI HB 4182 Exempts the Storage, Use, or Consumption of Motor Fuel, Alternative Fuel, and Leaded Racing Fuel from Use Tax Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 5)
Oct. 3, 2025 MI HB 4181 Repeals the Sales Tax on Gas and Airline Fuel Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 5)
Sept. 18, 2025 MI SB 294 Increases Penalties and Authorizes Restitution in Animal Abuse Cases Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 4)
Sept. 16, 2025 National S J Res 60 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Emissions Budget and Allowance Allocations for Indiana Under the Revised Cross-State Air Pollution Rule Update". Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 51)
Sept. 13, 2025 CA SB 237 Authorizes Environmental Approvals for up to 2,000 New Wells Annually in Kern County Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 0)
Sept. 13, 2025 CA AB 825 Establishes the Independent System Operator as a Regional Organization Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 0)
Sept. 13, 2025 CA AB 825 Establishes the Independent System Operator as a Regional Organization Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 0)
Sept. 13, 2025 CA AB 888 Establishes a Grant for Low & Middle Income Homeowners in High Risk Fire Areas to Repair Homes Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
Sept. 12, 2025 CA SB 500 Authorizes Utilities to Provide Energy Use Data Via an Approved Alternative System or Tool Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (34 - 0)
Sept. 12, 2025 CA AB 299 Authorizes Individuals Displaced by Disasters to Use Short-Term Rentals Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
Sept. 11, 2025 CA AB 245 Extends the Time that Individuals Have to Rebuild Their Home or Business Following Disaster Before Experiencing a Property Tax Increase Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
Sept. 11, 2025 CA AB 1 Requires Wildfire Regulations to be Updated Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
Sept. 11, 2025 CA AB 1 Requires Wildfire Regulations to be Updated Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
Sept. 10, 2025 CA SB 312 Requires Dog Importers to Submit Health Certifications to the CDFA Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
Sept. 10, 2025 CA AB 961 Extends the California Land Reuse and Revitalization Act of 2004 Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
Sept. 9, 2025 CA AB 14 Establishes a New Program that Protects Blue Whales and Blue Skies Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
Sept. 9, 2025 CA AB 1167 Requires Utility Regulators to Enforce Monetary Penalties on Investor-Owned Utility Companies Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 10)
Sept. 9, 2025 CA AB 14 Establishes a New Program that Protects Blue Whales and Blue Skies Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
Sept. 8, 2025 CA AB 764 Authorizes Hunters and Landowners to Kill Invasive Species Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
Sept. 8, 2025 CA AB 506 Expands Requirements for Disclosures Included in Pet Sales Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 2)
Sept. 4, 2025 MI SB 396 Amends the Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 7)
Sept. 3, 2025 CA AB 1042 Authorizes the Department of Food and Agriculture to Establish and Oversee the Managed Honeybee Health Program Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
Sept. 3, 2025 CA AB 1042 Authorizes the Department of Food and Agriculture to Establish and Oversee the Managed Honeybee Health Program Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
Sept. 3, 2025 CA AB 1042 Authorizes the Department of Food and Agriculture to Establish and Oversee the Managed Honeybee Health Program Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
Sept. 2, 2025 CA AB 516 Authorizes Registered Veterinary Technicians and Veterinary Assistants to Perform Certain Animal Health Care Services Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
Date No. Title Outcome
1/12 HR 6938 Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026 Cloture Invoked - Senate (80 - 13)
1/07 S J Res 86 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Air Plan Approval; South Dakota; Regional Haze Plan for the Second Implementation Period" Motion Rejected - Senate (43 - 50)
12/17 PN 645-2 Nomination of Douglas Weaver to be a Member of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission Nomination Confirmed - Senate (71 - 29)
12/17 PN 645-2 Nomination of Douglas Weaver to be a Member of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission Cloture Invoked - Senate (69 - 27)
12/04 H J Res 131 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Coastal Plain Oil and Gas Leasing Program Record of Decision" Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 45)
11/20 H J Res 130 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Buffalo Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment" Bill Passed - Senate (51 - 43)
11/19 PN 445-6 Nomination of Ho Nieh, of Alabama, to be a Member of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission for the remainder of the term expiring June 30, 2029, vice Christopher T. Hanson (66 - 32)
11/19 S J Res 89 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Buffalo Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment" Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 47)
11/19 S J Res 76 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Extension of Deadlines in Standards of Performance for New, Reconstructed, and Modified Sources and Emissions Guidelines for Existing Sources: Oil and Natural Gas Sector Climate Review Final Rule" Motion Rejected - Senate (46 - 51)
11/19 SB 219 Amends Requirements for Plugging Orphaned Oil and Gas Wells Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 8)
11/18 PN 445-6 Nomination of Ho Nieh, of Alabama, to be a Member of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission for the remainder of the term expiring June 30, 2029, vice Christopher T. Hanson Cloture Invoked - Senate (65 - 32)
10/30 S J Res 80 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska Integrated Activity Plan Record of Decision". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (52 - 45)
10/30 SB 182 Appropriates $50 Million to the Michigan Department of Health for Emergency Food Assistance Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 4)
10/29 S J Res 69 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service relating to "Record of Decision for the Barred Owl Management Strategy; Washington, Oregon, and California" Motion Rejected - Senate (25 - 72)
10/29 S J Res 80 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska Integrated Activity Plan Record of Decision". Motion Agreed - Senate (54 - 46)
10/22 SB 1068 Repeals Pennsylvania's Participation in the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 17)
10/22 SB 1068 Repeals Pennsylvania's Participation in the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 17)
10/21 SB 276 Increases Fees for Fishing and Hunting Licenses Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 13)
10/21 SB 277 Appropriates Annually a Portion of the Revenue from the State Sales Tax to the Game and Fish Protection Account Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 14)
10/09 H J Res 106 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Central Yukon Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan". Motion Agreed - Senate (50 - 47)
10/08 H J Res 105 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "North Dakota Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 45)
10/08 H J Res 105 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "North Dakota Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan". Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 47)
10/08 S J Res 71 A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared with respect to energy. Joint Resolution Failed - Senate (47 - 51)
10/07 H J Res 104 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Miles City Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment". Motion Agreed - Senate (50 - 47)
10/03 SB 579 Authorizes the State to Continue Collecting Certain Environmental Fees Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
10/03 HB 4182 Exempts the Storage, Use, or Consumption of Motor Fuel, Alternative Fuel, and Leaded Racing Fuel from Use Tax Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 5)
10/03 HB 4181 Repeals the Sales Tax on Gas and Airline Fuel Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 5)
9/18 SB 294 Increases Penalties and Authorizes Restitution in Animal Abuse Cases Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 4)
9/16 S J Res 60 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Emissions Budget and Allowance Allocations for Indiana Under the Revised Cross-State Air Pollution Rule Update". Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 51)
9/13 SB 237 Authorizes Environmental Approvals for up to 2,000 New Wells Annually in Kern County Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 0)
9/13 AB 825 Establishes the Independent System Operator as a Regional Organization Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 0)
9/13 AB 825 Establishes the Independent System Operator as a Regional Organization Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 0)
9/13 AB 888 Establishes a Grant for Low & Middle Income Homeowners in High Risk Fire Areas to Repair Homes Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
9/12 SB 500 Authorizes Utilities to Provide Energy Use Data Via an Approved Alternative System or Tool Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (34 - 0)
9/12 AB 299 Authorizes Individuals Displaced by Disasters to Use Short-Term Rentals Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
9/11 AB 245 Extends the Time that Individuals Have to Rebuild Their Home or Business Following Disaster Before Experiencing a Property Tax Increase Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
9/11 AB 1 Requires Wildfire Regulations to be Updated Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
9/11 AB 1 Requires Wildfire Regulations to be Updated Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
9/10 SB 312 Requires Dog Importers to Submit Health Certifications to the CDFA Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
9/10 AB 961 Extends the California Land Reuse and Revitalization Act of 2004 Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
9/09 AB 14 Establishes a New Program that Protects Blue Whales and Blue Skies Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
9/09 AB 1167 Requires Utility Regulators to Enforce Monetary Penalties on Investor-Owned Utility Companies Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 10)
9/09 AB 14 Establishes a New Program that Protects Blue Whales and Blue Skies Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
9/08 AB 764 Authorizes Hunters and Landowners to Kill Invasive Species Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
9/08 AB 506 Expands Requirements for Disclosures Included in Pet Sales Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 2)
9/04 SB 396 Amends the Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 7)
9/03 AB 1042 Authorizes the Department of Food and Agriculture to Establish and Oversee the Managed Honeybee Health Program Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
9/03 AB 1042 Authorizes the Department of Food and Agriculture to Establish and Oversee the Managed Honeybee Health Program Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
9/03 AB 1042 Authorizes the Department of Food and Agriculture to Establish and Oversee the Managed Honeybee Health Program Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
9/02 AB 516 Authorizes Registered Veterinary Technicians and Veterinary Assistants to Perform Certain Animal Health Care Services Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
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