Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Aug. 19, 2026 NH SB 434 Requires Local School Boards to Adopt Policies to Address Complaints About School Materials Veto Override Passed - Senate (16 - 8)
Aug. 19, 2026 NH HB 1422 Authorizes Additional Time to Petition for a New Trial in Certain Circumstances Veto Override Passed - Senate (18 - 6)
Aug. 8, 2026 National HR 6500 African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) Extension Act Bill Passed - Senate (90 - 6)
Aug. 7, 2026 National HR 5334 Supporting Early-childhood Educators' Deductions (SEED) Act of 2025 Bill Passed - Senate (86 - 11)
Aug. 5, 2026 National PN 932 Nomination of Erica Schwartz, of Florida, to be Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, vice Susan Monarez Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 44)
Aug. 3, 2026 National HR 6500 African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) Extension Act Cloture Invoked - Senate (89 - 4)
July 30, 2026 National S J Res 181 A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress Motion Rejected - Senate (49 - 50)
July 30, 2026 National S J Res 199 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Health and Human Services relating to "Restoring Flexibility in the Child Care and Development Fund (CCDF)" Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 52)
July 29, 2026 NC HB 562 Appropriates Certain Funds to the Department of Health and Human Services Conference Report Adopted - Senate (34 - 3)
July 29, 2026 NC SB 445 Amends Various Municipal and Residential Development Regulations Conference Report Adopted - Senate (37 - 0)
July 29, 2026 National HR 5334 Supporting Early-childhood Educators' Deductions (SEED) Act of 2025 Motion Agreed - Senate (84 - 12)
July 28, 2026 National HR 5334 Supporting Early-childhood Educators' Deductions (SEED) Act of 2025 Cloture Invoked - Senate (86 - 12)
July 23, 2026 National S J Res 180 A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 49)
July 12, 2026 PA HB 1851 Authorizes Midwives to Certify Deaths and Fetal Deaths Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 1)
July 3, 2026 MI HB 6074 Restricts the Purchase of Single-Family Homes by Large Institutional Investors Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 7)
July 2, 2026 CA AB 1781 Expands Agreements Between Insurers and Federal Home Loan Banks Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
July 2, 2026 CA AB 2018 Expands Use of the Department of Justice's Missing Persons DNA Program Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
June 30, 2026 NJ A 3497 Prohibits the Use of Algorithmic Devices to Coordinate Rent Prices Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 4)
June 30, 2026 NJ A 3497 Prohibits the Use of Algorithmic Devices to Coordinate Rent Prices Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 4)
June 30, 2026 NC HB 1173 Specifies Criteria for Identifying and Prosecuting Alleged Gang Activity Bill Passed - Senate (44 - 5)
June 29, 2026 CA SB 172 Establishes the California Farm to School Program as a Permanent Program Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (29 - 2)
June 29, 2026 CA SB 177 Requires Big Corporations to Pay the Taxpayer Costs of Their Employees Enrolled in the Medi-Cal Program Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (29 - 9)
June 25, 2026 CA SB 417 Authorizes $11.25 Billion in Bonds to fund Affordable Housing Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (29 - 2)
June 25, 2026 DE HB 368 Prohibits Law Enforcement from Acting on Behalf of Federal Immigration Authorities Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 6)
June 25, 2026 DE HB 368 Prohibits Law Enforcement from Acting on Behalf of Federal Immigration Authorities Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 6)
June 25, 2026 PA SB 1212 Amends Statutory Language to Reduce Sexual Assault Evidence Testing Wait Times Bill Passed - Senate (50 - 0)
June 24, 2026 National S J Res 185 A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 50)
June 24, 2026 NC HB 437 Prohibits Public Camping and Expands Drug Offenses Near Homeless Services Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 16)
June 24, 2026 NC HB 437 Prohibits Public Camping and Expands Drug Offenses Near Homeless Services Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 16)
June 24, 2026 National S J Res 196 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Education relating to "Reimagining and Improving Student Education-Federal Student Loan Program Final Regulations" Motion Rejected - Senate (45 - 52)
June 24, 2026 PA SB 1273 Authorizes Electronic Toll Data to be Provided to Law Enforcement in Amber Alert and Missing Endangered Persons Cases Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 2)
June 24, 2026 PA SB 482 Amends Public Information Requirements for the Living Independence for the Elderly Program Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 23)
June 23, 2026 NC HB 133 Prohibits Acquisition of Certain Lands by Foreign Adversaries Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 3)
June 23, 2026 National H Con Res 86 Directing the President, pursuant to section 5(c) of the War Powers Resolution, to remove United States Armed Forces from hostilities with Iran Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 48)
June 23, 2026 National PN 859-3 Nomination of Darrell Owens, of Pennsylvania, to be U.S. Representative to the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, with the rank of Ambassador Nomination Confirmed - Senate (67 - 30)
June 23, 2026 PA SB 469 Authorizes $1 Hunting and Fishing Licenses for Law Enforcement Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
June 22, 2026 National HR 6644 Housing for the 21st Century Act Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (85 - 5)
June 18, 2026 National HR 6644 Housing for the 21st Century Act Cloture Invoked - Senate (84 - 8)
June 18, 2026 National PN 730-33 Nomination of George Holding, of North Carolina, to be United States Director of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, vice J. Steven Dowd Nomination Confirmed - Senate (48 - 39)
June 18, 2026 NJ S 1090 Establishes the Crime of Political Violence Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
June 17, 2026 National PN 901-8 Nomination of Michelle Steel, of California, to be Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the United States of America to the Republic of Korea Nomination Confirmed - Senate (55 - 39)
June 17, 2026 National S Res 616 A resolution requesting information on Honduras's human rights practices pursuant to section 502B(c) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 Motion Rejected - Senate (44 - 50)
June 16, 2026 National HR 6644 Housing for the 21st Century Act Motion Agreed - Senate (87 - 8)
June 16, 2026 National S J Res 190 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Executive Office for Immigration Review relating to "Appellate Procedures for the Board of Immigration Appeals" Motion Rejected - Senate (46 - 48)
June 16, 2026 National S J Res 172 A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 48)
June 11, 2026 RI S 2047 Reduces the Maximum Prison Sentence for a Misdemeanor to 364 days Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 6)
June 11, 2026 RI S 2047 Reduces the Maximum Prison Sentence for a Misdemeanor to 364 days Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 6)
June 11, 2026 RI H 7538 Requires Healthcare Providers to Notify Patients of Artificial Intelligence Use Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
June 11, 2026 RI H 7434 Prohibits ICE Agents from Patrolling Polling Places Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 7)
June 11, 2026 DE SB 23 Increases Municipal Requirements for Affordable Housing Development Bill Passed - Senate (14 - 6)
June 10, 2026 RI S 2906 Establishes a Commission to Study Condominium Law and Recommend Improvements Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
June 10, 2026 PA SB 908 Expands Prevailing Wage Requirements for Public Projects Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 13)
June 9, 2026 DE HB 311 Establishes the Rights and Responsibilities Guide for the Landlords and Tenants Committee Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 0)
June 5, 2026 National S 1318 Fallen Servicemembers Religious Heritage Restoration Act Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 52)
June 5, 2026 National S 1318 Fallen Servicemembers Religious Heritage Restoration Act Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 52)
June 5, 2026 National S 2 Secure America Act Bill Passed - Senate (52 - 47)
June 4, 2026 NH HB 1300 Establishes a Ballot Measure to Limit School District Local Taxes Conference Report Adopted - Senate (15 - 8)
June 4, 2026 NY A 11560 Establishes a One-Year Moratorium on Large Data Center Permits and Establishes Environmental and Labor Standards Bill Passed - Senate (43 - 17)
June 3, 2026 RI H 7200 Authorizes Expired Civil Claims of Sexual Abuse to be Brought to Court Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
June 3, 2026 National S 2 Secure America Act Motion Agreed - Senate (53 - 46)
June 3, 2026 PA SB 1281 Requires Rules for Expedited Approval of Residential Developments Bill Passed - Senate (50 - 0)
June 1, 2026 LA HB 414 Prohibits Those With Criminal Convictions In Another State From Being Hired As Non-licensed Health Professionals Conference Report Adopted - Senate (27 - 8)
June 1, 2026 LA HB 414 Prohibits Those With Criminal Convictions In Another State From Being Hired As Non-licensed Health Professionals Conference Report Adopted - Senate (27 - 8)
May 28, 2026 LA HB 211 Prohibits Camping on Public Property and Establishes a Homelessness Court Program Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
May 28, 2026 NJ S 2260 Establishes Protections for Reproductive and Gender-Affirming Healthcare Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 12)
May 27, 2026 LA SB 194 Limits the Eligibility of Immigrants for Social Services Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (27 - 9)
May 27, 2026 LA HB 335 Requires State-funded Organizations to Confirm Citizenship Status Of Benefit Applicants Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 3)
May 26, 2026 LA HB 1249 Requires Public Schools to Adopt Policies to Provide School-Based Health Center Services Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 3)
May 26, 2026 LA HB 1249 Requires Public Schools to Adopt Policies to Provide School-Based Health Center Services Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 3)
May 21, 2026 NH SB 430 Requires Educators to Disclose Student Information to Parents Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (14 - 8)
May 20, 2026 AK HB 110 Requires the State to Join the Interstate Medical Licensure Compact Bill Passed - Senate (13 - 7)
May 20, 2026 NC HB 1089 Amends the State Constitution to Limit Property Tax Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 15)
May 20, 2026 IL SB 3211 Establishes Regulations on Teledentistry and Dental Hygienist Services Bill Passed - Senate (58 - 0)
May 19, 2026 LA HB 789 Authorizes Seizure of Off-road Vehicles by Law Enforcement Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 7)
May 19, 2026 AK HB 239 Increases the Penalties for Certain Crimes Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 0)
Date No. Title Outcome
8/19 SB 434 Requires Local School Boards to Adopt Policies to Address Complaints About School Materials Veto Override Passed - Senate (16 - 8)
8/19 HB 1422 Authorizes Additional Time to Petition for a New Trial in Certain Circumstances Veto Override Passed - Senate (18 - 6)
8/08 HR 6500 African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) Extension Act Bill Passed - Senate (90 - 6)
8/07 HR 5334 Supporting Early-childhood Educators' Deductions (SEED) Act of 2025 Bill Passed - Senate (86 - 11)
8/05 PN 932 Nomination of Erica Schwartz, of Florida, to be Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, vice Susan Monarez Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 44)
8/03 HR 6500 African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) Extension Act Cloture Invoked - Senate (89 - 4)
7/30 S J Res 181 A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress Motion Rejected - Senate (49 - 50)
7/30 S J Res 199 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Health and Human Services relating to "Restoring Flexibility in the Child Care and Development Fund (CCDF)" Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 52)
7/29 HB 562 Appropriates Certain Funds to the Department of Health and Human Services Conference Report Adopted - Senate (34 - 3)
7/29 SB 445 Amends Various Municipal and Residential Development Regulations Conference Report Adopted - Senate (37 - 0)
7/29 HR 5334 Supporting Early-childhood Educators' Deductions (SEED) Act of 2025 Motion Agreed - Senate (84 - 12)
7/28 HR 5334 Supporting Early-childhood Educators' Deductions (SEED) Act of 2025 Cloture Invoked - Senate (86 - 12)
7/23 S J Res 180 A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 49)
7/12 HB 1851 Authorizes Midwives to Certify Deaths and Fetal Deaths Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 1)
7/03 HB 6074 Restricts the Purchase of Single-Family Homes by Large Institutional Investors Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 7)
7/02 AB 1781 Expands Agreements Between Insurers and Federal Home Loan Banks Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
7/02 AB 2018 Expands Use of the Department of Justice's Missing Persons DNA Program Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
6/30 A 3497 Prohibits the Use of Algorithmic Devices to Coordinate Rent Prices Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 4)
6/30 A 3497 Prohibits the Use of Algorithmic Devices to Coordinate Rent Prices Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 4)
6/30 HB 1173 Specifies Criteria for Identifying and Prosecuting Alleged Gang Activity Bill Passed - Senate (44 - 5)
6/29 SB 172 Establishes the California Farm to School Program as a Permanent Program Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (29 - 2)
6/29 SB 177 Requires Big Corporations to Pay the Taxpayer Costs of Their Employees Enrolled in the Medi-Cal Program Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (29 - 9)
6/25 SB 417 Authorizes $11.25 Billion in Bonds to fund Affordable Housing Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (29 - 2)
6/25 HB 368 Prohibits Law Enforcement from Acting on Behalf of Federal Immigration Authorities Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 6)
6/25 HB 368 Prohibits Law Enforcement from Acting on Behalf of Federal Immigration Authorities Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 6)
6/25 SB 1212 Amends Statutory Language to Reduce Sexual Assault Evidence Testing Wait Times Bill Passed - Senate (50 - 0)
6/24 S J Res 185 A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 50)
6/24 HB 437 Prohibits Public Camping and Expands Drug Offenses Near Homeless Services Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 16)
6/24 HB 437 Prohibits Public Camping and Expands Drug Offenses Near Homeless Services Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 16)
6/24 S J Res 196 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Education relating to "Reimagining and Improving Student Education-Federal Student Loan Program Final Regulations" Motion Rejected - Senate (45 - 52)
6/24 SB 1273 Authorizes Electronic Toll Data to be Provided to Law Enforcement in Amber Alert and Missing Endangered Persons Cases Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 2)
6/24 SB 482 Amends Public Information Requirements for the Living Independence for the Elderly Program Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 23)
6/23 HB 133 Prohibits Acquisition of Certain Lands by Foreign Adversaries Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 3)
6/23 H Con Res 86 Directing the President, pursuant to section 5(c) of the War Powers Resolution, to remove United States Armed Forces from hostilities with Iran Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 48)
6/23 PN 859-3 Nomination of Darrell Owens, of Pennsylvania, to be U.S. Representative to the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, with the rank of Ambassador Nomination Confirmed - Senate (67 - 30)
6/23 SB 469 Authorizes $1 Hunting and Fishing Licenses for Law Enforcement Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
6/22 HR 6644 Housing for the 21st Century Act Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (85 - 5)
6/18 HR 6644 Housing for the 21st Century Act Cloture Invoked - Senate (84 - 8)
6/18 PN 730-33 Nomination of George Holding, of North Carolina, to be United States Director of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, vice J. Steven Dowd Nomination Confirmed - Senate (48 - 39)
6/18 S 1090 Establishes the Crime of Political Violence Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
6/17 PN 901-8 Nomination of Michelle Steel, of California, to be Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the United States of America to the Republic of Korea Nomination Confirmed - Senate (55 - 39)
6/17 S Res 616 A resolution requesting information on Honduras's human rights practices pursuant to section 502B(c) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 Motion Rejected - Senate (44 - 50)
6/16 HR 6644 Housing for the 21st Century Act Motion Agreed - Senate (87 - 8)
6/16 S J Res 190 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Executive Office for Immigration Review relating to "Appellate Procedures for the Board of Immigration Appeals" Motion Rejected - Senate (46 - 48)
6/16 S J Res 172 A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 48)
6/11 S 2047 Reduces the Maximum Prison Sentence for a Misdemeanor to 364 days Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 6)
6/11 S 2047 Reduces the Maximum Prison Sentence for a Misdemeanor to 364 days Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 6)
6/11 H 7538 Requires Healthcare Providers to Notify Patients of Artificial Intelligence Use Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
6/11 H 7434 Prohibits ICE Agents from Patrolling Polling Places Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 7)
6/11 SB 23 Increases Municipal Requirements for Affordable Housing Development Bill Passed - Senate (14 - 6)
6/10 S 2906 Establishes a Commission to Study Condominium Law and Recommend Improvements Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
6/10 SB 908 Expands Prevailing Wage Requirements for Public Projects Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 13)
6/09 HB 311 Establishes the Rights and Responsibilities Guide for the Landlords and Tenants Committee Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 0)
6/05 S 1318 Fallen Servicemembers Religious Heritage Restoration Act Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 52)
6/05 S 1318 Fallen Servicemembers Religious Heritage Restoration Act Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 52)
6/05 S 2 Secure America Act Bill Passed - Senate (52 - 47)
6/04 HB 1300 Establishes a Ballot Measure to Limit School District Local Taxes Conference Report Adopted - Senate (15 - 8)
6/04 A 11560 Establishes a One-Year Moratorium on Large Data Center Permits and Establishes Environmental and Labor Standards Bill Passed - Senate (43 - 17)
6/03 H 7200 Authorizes Expired Civil Claims of Sexual Abuse to be Brought to Court Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
6/03 S 2 Secure America Act Motion Agreed - Senate (53 - 46)
6/03 SB 1281 Requires Rules for Expedited Approval of Residential Developments Bill Passed - Senate (50 - 0)
6/01 HB 414 Prohibits Those With Criminal Convictions In Another State From Being Hired As Non-licensed Health Professionals Conference Report Adopted - Senate (27 - 8)
6/01 HB 414 Prohibits Those With Criminal Convictions In Another State From Being Hired As Non-licensed Health Professionals Conference Report Adopted - Senate (27 - 8)
5/28 HB 211 Prohibits Camping on Public Property and Establishes a Homelessness Court Program Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
5/28 S 2260 Establishes Protections for Reproductive and Gender-Affirming Healthcare Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 12)
5/27 SB 194 Limits the Eligibility of Immigrants for Social Services Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (27 - 9)
5/27 HB 335 Requires State-funded Organizations to Confirm Citizenship Status Of Benefit Applicants Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 3)
5/26 HB 1249 Requires Public Schools to Adopt Policies to Provide School-Based Health Center Services Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 3)
5/26 HB 1249 Requires Public Schools to Adopt Policies to Provide School-Based Health Center Services Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 3)
5/21 SB 430 Requires Educators to Disclose Student Information to Parents Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (14 - 8)
5/20 HB 110 Requires the State to Join the Interstate Medical Licensure Compact Bill Passed - Senate (13 - 7)
5/20 HB 1089 Amends the State Constitution to Limit Property Tax Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 15)
5/20 SB 3211 Establishes Regulations on Teledentistry and Dental Hygienist Services Bill Passed - Senate (58 - 0)
5/19 HB 789 Authorizes Seizure of Off-road Vehicles by Law Enforcement Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 7)
5/19 HB 239 Increases the Penalties for Certain Crimes Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 0)

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