Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
July 8, 2025 National PN 55-6 Nomination of Bryan Bedford to be Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration Cloture Invoked - Senate (47 - 42)
July 8, 2025 National PN 12-20 Nomination of Preston Griffith to be Under Secretary of Energy Cloture Invoked - Senate (47 - 41)
July 3, 2025 CA AB 377 Amends the High-Speed Rail Authority's Business plan to focus on the Merced-to-Bakersfield segment Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 0)
July 3, 2025 CA AB 1114 Exempts Ambulances From Road Tolls or Fees Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 0)
July 3, 2025 CA AB 1138 Expands California's Film and Television Tax Credit Program Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 2)
July 3, 2025 CA AB 533 Authorizes Any Health Care District to Use the Design-Build Process When Contracting for the Construction of a Hospital or Health Facility Building Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 0)
July 3, 2025 CA AB 1034 Requires that Health Education Include a Basic Understanding of Youth Mental Health Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 0)
July 3, 2025 CA AB 544 Requires E-Bikes to be Equipped with A Red Reflector or Flashing Red Light on the Rear of the Vehicle when Ridden in the Dark. Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 0)
July 1, 2025 National HR 1 One Big Beautiful Bill Act Bill Passed - Senate (51 - 50)
June 30, 2025 NJ S 862 Requires the Department of Transportation to Include Information about Potholes and Pothole Repair Projects in its Annual Roadway Pavement System Report Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
June 30, 2025 NJ S 2783 Establishes Regulations for Travel Insurance Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
June 30, 2025 PA SB 95 Authorizes Emergency Medical Service Providers to Leave Naloxone With a Caregiver of an Overdose Patient Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (48 - 2)
June 30, 2025 DE SB 159 Authorizes Renewable Energy Substations in Industrial Zones Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (15 - 6)
June 30, 2025 NJ S 3309 Expands Requirements for Car Dealerships to Track and Inform Customers of Recalls Prior to Sale Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
June 30, 2025 DE SB 156 Prohibits Reporting any Medical Debt to a Consumer Reporting Agency Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (20 - 0)
June 30, 2025 NJ S 4530 Requires The Board of Public Utilities to Revise Community Solar Program Targets Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (26 - 13)
June 30, 2025 NJ A 2929 Requires Disclosure of Lead Drinking Water Hazards to Tenants of Residential Units and Prohibits Landlords from Obstructing Replacement of Lead Service Lines Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
June 30, 2025 NJ A 5563 Establishes a "Summer Termination Program" for Certain Utility Customers Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 14)
June 30, 2025 NJ A 2929 Requires Disclosure of Lead Drinking Water Hazards to Tenants of Residential Units and Prohibits Landlords from Obstructing Replacement of Lead Service Lines Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
June 30, 2025 NJ A 5267 Requires the Board of Public Utilities to Establish an Incentive Program for the Development of Transmission-Scale Energy Storage Systems Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 14)
June 30, 2025 NJ A 1682 Requires Labor Movement History be Included in Social Studies Curriculum for Grades 6-12 Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 3)
June 30, 2025 NJ A 4085 Authorizes Natural Organic Reduction and Controlled Supervised Decomposition of Human Remains Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 2)
June 30, 2025 NJ A 1682 Requires Labor Movement History be Included in Social Studies Curriculum for Grades 6-12 Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 3)
June 30, 2025 NJ A 4085 Authorizes Natural Organic Reduction and Controlled Supervised Decomposition of Human Remains Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 2)
June 30, 2025 CA AB 130 Increases the Tax Credit Qualified Renters can Receive to $250 and $500 Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 5)
June 30, 2025 NJ A 5309 Authorizes up to Three Credits of Continuing Medical Education on Menopause to be Used by Advanced Practice Nurses and Physicians for License Renewal Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
June 30, 2025 DE HB 119 Ensure Books are Not Removed from Public and School Libraries for Identity-Based, Ideological or Religious Reasons Bill Passed - Senate (14 - 6)
June 30, 2025 NJ A 5264 Requires the Establishment of an Automated Platform to Expedite Approval to Build Residential Solar Units Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
June 30, 2025 NJ A 4603 Authorizes Commercial Farmers to be Awarded Legal Fees for Defending Against Bad Faith Complaints Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
June 30, 2025 NJ A 3424 Establishes Program Requirements for School Counselor Certification Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
June 30, 2025 NJ A 4954 Requires Members of Historic Preservation Commissions to Take a Historic Preservation Planning Course Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 6)
June 30, 2025 NJ A 4954 Requires Members of Historic Preservation Commissions to Take a Historic Preservation Planning Course Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 6)
June 30, 2025 DE HB 205 Prohibits the Board from Imposing any Sanction for the Performance, Recommendation, or Provision of any Healthcare Service that is Lawful in Delaware even if such Performance, Recommendation, or Provision is for a Person who Resides in a State where it is Illegal Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 6)
June 30, 2025 NJ A 5447 Prohibits Sweepstakes Model of Wagering Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 5)
June 30, 2025 DE HB 91 Appropriates $3.2 million for All Public Schools to Offer Free Breakfast, Regardless of a Student's Income Level Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 5)
June 30, 2025 NJ S 4451 Specifies Requirements for Land Use and Housing Plan Elements of the Municipal Master Plan Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 14)
June 30, 2025 NJ S 4506 Exempts Minor League Baseball Players from State Wage Laws Under Certain Circumstances Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
June 30, 2025 NJ S 3910 Establishes The New Jersey Universal Preschool and Kindergarten Act Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
June 30, 2025 NJ S 4618 Amends Requirements and Availability of the Film and Digital Media Tax Credit Program Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 4)
June 28, 2025 TX SJR 59 Establishes the Permanent Technical Institution Infrastructure Fund and the Available Workforce Education Fund as Special Funds to Fund Capital Projects and Equipment Purchases Related to Educational Programs Offered by the Texas State Technical College System Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (29 - 2)
June 28, 2025 National HR 1 One Big Beautiful Bill Act Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 49)
June 27, 2025 OR SB 690 Authorizes Delays in Civil Nonpayment Actions Against Parents Who Meet Certain Criteria of Social Need Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 0)
June 27, 2025 CA SB 120 Appropriates Funds for Early Childhood Education and Childcare Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (30 - 7)
June 27, 2025 CA SB 128 Appropriates Funding for the State Transportation Budget Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 7)
June 27, 2025 CA AB 121 Appropriates Funding for the State Omnibus Education Budget Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 1)
June 27, 2025 CA AB 1216 Amends Certain Requirements Relating to K-12 Education Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
June 27, 2025 CA AB 116 Establishes Regulations for the Health Omnibus Trailer Budget Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 10)
June 27, 2025 CA AB 313 Authorizes the Student Aid Commission to Grant a Postponement of an Application Deadline Without Submission of a Formal Request if they Find that there was a Delay in the Opening of the Free Application for Federal Student Aid Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
June 27, 2025 National S J Res 59 A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress. Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 53)
June 26, 2025 NH HB 712 Limits Breast Surgeries for Minors to Procedures Needed to Treat Malignancy, Injury, Infection, or Malformation and Those Needed to Reconstruct the Breasts After Such Procedures Conference Report Adopted - Senate (16 - 8)
Date No. Title Outcome
7/08 PN 55-6 Nomination of Bryan Bedford to be Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration Cloture Invoked - Senate (47 - 42)
7/08 PN 12-20 Nomination of Preston Griffith to be Under Secretary of Energy Cloture Invoked - Senate (47 - 41)
7/03 AB 377 Amends the High-Speed Rail Authority's Business plan to focus on the Merced-to-Bakersfield segment Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 0)
7/03 AB 1114 Exempts Ambulances From Road Tolls or Fees Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 0)
7/03 AB 1138 Expands California's Film and Television Tax Credit Program Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 2)
7/03 AB 533 Authorizes Any Health Care District to Use the Design-Build Process When Contracting for the Construction of a Hospital or Health Facility Building Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 0)
7/03 AB 1034 Requires that Health Education Include a Basic Understanding of Youth Mental Health Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 0)
7/03 AB 544 Requires E-Bikes to be Equipped with A Red Reflector or Flashing Red Light on the Rear of the Vehicle when Ridden in the Dark. Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 0)
7/01 HR 1 One Big Beautiful Bill Act Bill Passed - Senate (51 - 50)
6/30 S 862 Requires the Department of Transportation to Include Information about Potholes and Pothole Repair Projects in its Annual Roadway Pavement System Report Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
6/30 S 2783 Establishes Regulations for Travel Insurance Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
6/30 SB 95 Authorizes Emergency Medical Service Providers to Leave Naloxone With a Caregiver of an Overdose Patient Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (48 - 2)
6/30 SB 159 Authorizes Renewable Energy Substations in Industrial Zones Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (15 - 6)
6/30 S 3309 Expands Requirements for Car Dealerships to Track and Inform Customers of Recalls Prior to Sale Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
6/30 SB 156 Prohibits Reporting any Medical Debt to a Consumer Reporting Agency Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (20 - 0)
6/30 S 4530 Requires The Board of Public Utilities to Revise Community Solar Program Targets Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (26 - 13)
6/30 A 2929 Requires Disclosure of Lead Drinking Water Hazards to Tenants of Residential Units and Prohibits Landlords from Obstructing Replacement of Lead Service Lines Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
6/30 A 5563 Establishes a "Summer Termination Program" for Certain Utility Customers Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 14)
6/30 A 2929 Requires Disclosure of Lead Drinking Water Hazards to Tenants of Residential Units and Prohibits Landlords from Obstructing Replacement of Lead Service Lines Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
6/30 A 5267 Requires the Board of Public Utilities to Establish an Incentive Program for the Development of Transmission-Scale Energy Storage Systems Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 14)
6/30 A 1682 Requires Labor Movement History be Included in Social Studies Curriculum for Grades 6-12 Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 3)
6/30 A 4085 Authorizes Natural Organic Reduction and Controlled Supervised Decomposition of Human Remains Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 2)
6/30 A 1682 Requires Labor Movement History be Included in Social Studies Curriculum for Grades 6-12 Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 3)
6/30 A 4085 Authorizes Natural Organic Reduction and Controlled Supervised Decomposition of Human Remains Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 2)
6/30 AB 130 Increases the Tax Credit Qualified Renters can Receive to $250 and $500 Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 5)
6/30 A 5309 Authorizes up to Three Credits of Continuing Medical Education on Menopause to be Used by Advanced Practice Nurses and Physicians for License Renewal Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
6/30 HB 119 Ensure Books are Not Removed from Public and School Libraries for Identity-Based, Ideological or Religious Reasons Bill Passed - Senate (14 - 6)
6/30 A 5264 Requires the Establishment of an Automated Platform to Expedite Approval to Build Residential Solar Units Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
6/30 A 4603 Authorizes Commercial Farmers to be Awarded Legal Fees for Defending Against Bad Faith Complaints Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
6/30 A 3424 Establishes Program Requirements for School Counselor Certification Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
6/30 A 4954 Requires Members of Historic Preservation Commissions to Take a Historic Preservation Planning Course Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 6)
6/30 A 4954 Requires Members of Historic Preservation Commissions to Take a Historic Preservation Planning Course Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 6)
6/30 HB 205 Prohibits the Board from Imposing any Sanction for the Performance, Recommendation, or Provision of any Healthcare Service that is Lawful in Delaware even if such Performance, Recommendation, or Provision is for a Person who Resides in a State where it is Illegal Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 6)
6/30 A 5447 Prohibits Sweepstakes Model of Wagering Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 5)
6/30 HB 91 Appropriates $3.2 million for All Public Schools to Offer Free Breakfast, Regardless of a Student's Income Level Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 5)
6/30 S 4451 Specifies Requirements for Land Use and Housing Plan Elements of the Municipal Master Plan Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 14)
6/30 S 4506 Exempts Minor League Baseball Players from State Wage Laws Under Certain Circumstances Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
6/30 S 3910 Establishes The New Jersey Universal Preschool and Kindergarten Act Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
6/30 S 4618 Amends Requirements and Availability of the Film and Digital Media Tax Credit Program Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 4)
6/28 SJR 59 Establishes the Permanent Technical Institution Infrastructure Fund and the Available Workforce Education Fund as Special Funds to Fund Capital Projects and Equipment Purchases Related to Educational Programs Offered by the Texas State Technical College System Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (29 - 2)
6/28 HR 1 One Big Beautiful Bill Act Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 49)
6/27 SB 690 Authorizes Delays in Civil Nonpayment Actions Against Parents Who Meet Certain Criteria of Social Need Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 0)
6/27 SB 120 Appropriates Funds for Early Childhood Education and Childcare Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (30 - 7)
6/27 SB 128 Appropriates Funding for the State Transportation Budget Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 7)
6/27 AB 121 Appropriates Funding for the State Omnibus Education Budget Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 1)
6/27 AB 1216 Amends Certain Requirements Relating to K-12 Education Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
6/27 AB 116 Establishes Regulations for the Health Omnibus Trailer Budget Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 10)
6/27 AB 313 Authorizes the Student Aid Commission to Grant a Postponement of an Application Deadline Without Submission of a Formal Request if they Find that there was a Delay in the Opening of the Free Application for Federal Student Aid Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
6/27 S J Res 59 A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress. Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 53)
6/26 HB 712 Limits Breast Surgeries for Minors to Procedures Needed to Treat Malignancy, Injury, Infection, or Malformation and Those Needed to Reconstruct the Breasts After Such Procedures Conference Report Adopted - Senate (16 - 8)

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