Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Feb. 25, 2025 ND HB 1540 Appropriates Funding from the State's General Budget for Education Savings Account Programs Bill Passed - House (51 - 39)
Feb. 25, 2025 NJ S 364 Authorizes Fusion Energy Projects to Receive Funding from the Clean Energy Fund Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
Feb. 25, 2025 ND HB 1332 Appropriates $30 Million for an Agriculture Incentive Program Bill Passed - House (82 - 8)
Feb. 24, 2025 NM HB 2 Appropriates Funds for the 2025-2026 State General Budget Bill Passed - House (50 - 18)
Feb. 21, 2025 National S Con Res 7 An original concurrent resolution setting forth the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2025 and setting forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2026 through 2034. Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (52 - 48)
Feb. 20, 2025 MO HB 742 Prohibits State Departments From Spending Money on Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Initiatives Bill Passed - House (108 - 50)
Feb. 19, 2025 KS HB 2007 Appropriates Funding for the Fiscal Year 2025-2027 State Budget Bill Passed - House (83 - 36)
Feb. 19, 2025 ID H 138 Requires Policy Changes to State Medicaid Bill Passed - House (38 - 32)
Feb. 18, 2025 National S Con Res 7 An original concurrent resolution setting forth the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2025 and setting forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2026 through 2034. Motion Agreed - Senate (50 - 47)
Feb. 18, 2025 AL HB 188 Establishes Scholarship for Dependents of Alabama Law Enforcement Bill Passed - House (101 - 0)
Feb. 18, 2025 IN HB 1427 Establishes Local Government Finance and Expands Tax Exemptions for Veterans, Nonprofits, and Childcare Providers. Bill Passed - House (89 - 1)
Feb. 17, 2025 ND HB 1022 Appropriates Infrastructure Loan Investments under the Legacy Fund Bill Passed - House (73 - 16)
Feb. 14, 2025 NM SB 2 Appropriates $200 Million to Expand Regional Behavioral Health Services Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 4)
Feb. 13, 2025 ND HB 1590 Establishes a Pilot Program for Education Savings Accounts Bill Failed - House (47 - 40)
Feb. 12, 2025 MA H 58 Appropriates Funding for the State's Family Shelter System and Reduces the Number of Families Served Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 6)
Feb. 11, 2025 ND SB 2004 Appropriates $250,000 to the Ethics Commission for a Fourth Staff Member Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 21)
Feb. 10, 2025 AR SB 182 Requires Local Governments to Continue Operating Under Annual Appropriation Ordinances Until a New Ordinance is Adopted Bill Passed - House (92 - 0)
Feb. 7, 2025 AK SB 87 Prohibits a Lawmaker's Salaries from Automatic Inflation Adjustment Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 0)
Feb. 6, 2025 National PN 11-22 Nomination of Russell Vought to be Director of the Office of Management and Budget Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 47)
Feb. 6, 2025 MA H 58 Appropriates Funding for the State's Family Shelter System and Reduces the Number of Families Served Bill Passed - House (126 - 26)
Feb. 6, 2025 KS SB 14 Appropriates Funding for a Continuous State Budget Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 8)
Feb. 6, 2025 VT H 141 Amends Appropriations to the Vermont Housing and Conservation Board for Affordable Housing Production Bill Passed - House (87 - 51)
Feb. 5, 2025 National PN 11-22 Nomination of Russell Vought to be Director of the Office of Management and Budget Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 47)
Feb. 5, 2025 AR SB 182 Requires Local Governments to Continue Operating Under Annual Appropriation Ordinances Until a New Ordinance is Adopted Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 0)
Feb. 3, 2025 CA SB 1 Appropriates $25 Million to Defend Cases Against the State in California State Courts Bill Passed - House (58 - 17)
Feb. 3, 2025 CA SB 2 Appropriates $25 Million for the State Department of Justice to Pay for Legal Battles Involving the Federal Government Bill Passed - House (58 - 17)
Feb. 3, 2025 National PN 11-22 Nomination of Russell Vought to be Director of the Office of Management and Budget Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 46)
Jan. 30, 2025 IA HF 118 Amends the Monetary Limits of the National Guard Service Scholarship Program Bill Passed - House (99 - 0)
Jan. 29, 2025 PA SB 157 Requires the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare to Issue an Annual Report Detailing Information Relating to Changes in How Lottery Winnings are Counted for All Forms of Cash Assistance Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 20)
Jan. 29, 2025 PA SB 155 Requires the Department of Human Services to Check Death Certificates for Recipients of Public Assistance Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
Jan. 29, 2025 PA SB 156 Requires the Department of Human Services to Verify Wage Records for Recipients of Public Assistance Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
Jan. 28, 2025 National HR 23 Illegitimate Court Counteraction Act Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (54 - 45)
Jan. 28, 2025 DE SB 50 Amends and Reallocates Capital Funding to Existing Projects Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 0)
Jan. 23, 2025 CA SB 1 Appropriates $25 Million to Defend Cases Against the State in California State Courts Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 9)
Jan. 23, 2025 CA SB 2 Appropriates $25 Million for the State Department of Justice to Pay for Legal Battles Involving the Federal Government Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 8)
Jan. 23, 2025 CA SB 3 Appropriates $2.5 Billion for State Wildfire Relief and Prevention Programs Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 0)
Jan. 23, 2025 CA AB 4 Appropriates $2.5 Billion for State Wildfire Relief Bill Passed - House (79 - 0)
Jan. 15, 2025 National HR 33 To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to provide special rules for the taxation of certain residents of Taiwan with income from sources within the United States Bill Passed - House (423 - 1)
Jan. 14, 2025 NY S 757 Authorizes Local Social Services Districts to Use Child Care Block Grant Funds for the Presumptive Eligibility Period Bill Passed - Senate (60 - 0)
Jan. 14, 2025 National HR 153 Post-Disaster Assistance Online Accountability Act Bill Passed - House (426 - 0)
Jan. 13, 2025 National HR 152 Federal Disaster Assistance Coordination Act Bill Passed - House (405 - 5)
Jan. 9, 2025 National HR 23 Illegitimate Court Counteraction Act Bill Passed - House (243 - 140)
Dec. 21, 2024 National HR 82 Social Security Fairness Act of 2023 Bill Passed - Senate (76 - 20)
Dec. 21, 2024 National HR 10545 American Relief Act, 2025 Bill Passed - Senate (85 - 11)
Dec. 20, 2024 National HR 10545 American Relief Act, 2025 Bill Passed - House (366 - 34)
Dec. 19, 2024 National HR 82 Social Security Fairness Act of 2023 Motion Agreed - Senate (73 - 23)
Dec. 19, 2024 National HR 10515 American Relief Act Bill Failed - House (174 - 235)
Dec. 18, 2024 OH HB 7 Appropriates Funding to Address State Infant Morality Rates Concurrence Vote Passed - House (82 - 8)
Dec. 18, 2024 National HR 82 Social Security Fairness Act of 2023 Cloture Invoked - Senate (73 - 27)
Dec. 18, 2024 OH HJR 8 Establishes a Constitutional Amendment to Ask Voters to Approve $2.5 Billion in Spending Over 10 Years Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (30 - 1)
Dec. 10, 2024 MI SB 40 Expands Eligibility for State Unemployment Benefits to 26 Weeks Bill Passed - House (58 - 51)
Dec. 4, 2024 OH HB 683 Appropriates $10 Million from the State General Budget in Drought Relief for Farmers Bill Passed - House (87 - 4)
Dec. 4, 2024 OH HJR 8 Establishes a Constitutional Amendment to Ask Voters to Approve $2.5 Billion in Spending Over 10 Years Joint Resolution Passed - House (87 - 4)
Dec. 2, 2024 NC SB 382 Transfers $227 Million from North Carolina's Reserve Fund to the Helene Fund and Rescinds Election Board Appointment Powers from Governor to Auditor Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
Nov. 21, 2024 National H Res 915 Urging the Government of Ukraine to review and modify its decision to suspend adoption by foreign nationals with a view to resuming such adoptions, particularly in cases where the mutual concerns of the Governments of Ukraine and of the United States can be substantially addressed. Resolution Passed - House (372 - 6)
Nov. 20, 2024 NC SB 382 Transfers $227 Million from North Carolina's Reserve Fund to the Helene Fund and Rescinds Election Board Appointment Powers from Governor to Auditor Conference Report Adopted - House (63 - 46)
Nov. 20, 2024 National HR 3012 North Korean Human Rights Reauthorization Act Bill Passed - House (335 - 37)
Nov. 20, 2024 National HR 8368 Coordinator for Afghan Relocation Efforts Authorization Act of 2024 Bill Passed - House (334 - 63)
Nov. 20, 2024 OH SJR 4 Establishes a Statewide Measure on the Ballot in May 2025 to Ask Voters to Approve the Issuance of an Additional $2.5 Billion Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (30 - 1)
Nov. 12, 2024 National HR 82 Social Security Fairness Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (327 - 75)
Oct. 24, 2024 NC SB 743 Appropriates Emergency Funding for the Disaster Recovery Act Part II Conference Report Adopted - Senate (46 - 0)
Oct. 22, 2024 PA HB 2625 Increases State Funding Transfers for Public Transportation Bill Passed - House (111 - 91)
Oct. 21, 2024 PA HB 2132 Establishes the Pennsylvania-Ireland Trade Commission Concurrence Vote Passed - House (138 - 64)
Oct. 9, 2024 NC HB 149 Appropriates Emergency Funding for the Disaster Recovery Act Part I Conference Report Adopted - Senate (48 - 0)
Oct. 9, 2024 NC HB 149 Appropriates Emergency Funding for the Disaster Recovery Act Part I Conference Report Adopted - House (113 - 0)
Oct. 9, 2024 PA HB 2132 Establishes the Pennsylvania-Ireland Trade Commission Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 1)
Oct. 8, 2024 WV SB 2036 Amends appropriations to West Virginia Universities. Bill Passed - House (91 - 4)
Oct. 8, 2024 WV SB 2039 Amends Appropriations to Governor's Office and Civil Contingent Fund Bill Passed - House (83 - 11)
Oct. 8, 2024 WV SB 2031 Appropriates Funding to the School Building Authority and School Construction Fund Bill Passed - House (68 - 22)
Oct. 8, 2024 WV HB 244 Establishes a Limited Moratorium on New Municipal Fire Fees Imposed on Non-Municipal Residents Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 2)
Oct. 8, 2024 WV HB 244 Establishes a Limited Moratorium on New Municipal Fire Fees Imposed on Non-Municipal Residents Bill Passed - House (79 - 12)
Oct. 7, 2024 PA SB 765 Amends Borough Surcharges, Managers, and Organization of Civil Service Commissions Bill Passed - House (119 - 83)
Oct. 6, 2024 WV SB 2031 Appropriates Funding to the School Building Authority and School Construction Fund Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 1)
Sept. 30, 2024 NJ A 4811 Appropriates $20 Million for Summer Tuition Aid Grants for Fiscal Year 2024-2025 Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 0)
Sept. 30, 2024 WV HB 206 Amends Appropriations to West Virginia University General Administrative Fund Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 1)
Date No. Title Outcome
2/25 HB 1540 Appropriates Funding from the State's General Budget for Education Savings Account Programs Bill Passed - House (51 - 39)
2/25 S 364 Authorizes Fusion Energy Projects to Receive Funding from the Clean Energy Fund Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
2/25 HB 1332 Appropriates $30 Million for an Agriculture Incentive Program Bill Passed - House (82 - 8)
2/24 HB 2 Appropriates Funds for the 2025-2026 State General Budget Bill Passed - House (50 - 18)
2/21 S Con Res 7 An original concurrent resolution setting forth the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2025 and setting forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2026 through 2034. Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (52 - 48)
2/20 HB 742 Prohibits State Departments From Spending Money on Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Initiatives Bill Passed - House (108 - 50)
2/19 HB 2007 Appropriates Funding for the Fiscal Year 2025-2027 State Budget Bill Passed - House (83 - 36)
2/19 H 138 Requires Policy Changes to State Medicaid Bill Passed - House (38 - 32)
2/18 S Con Res 7 An original concurrent resolution setting forth the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2025 and setting forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2026 through 2034. Motion Agreed - Senate (50 - 47)
2/18 HB 188 Establishes Scholarship for Dependents of Alabama Law Enforcement Bill Passed - House (101 - 0)
2/18 HB 1427 Establishes Local Government Finance and Expands Tax Exemptions for Veterans, Nonprofits, and Childcare Providers. Bill Passed - House (89 - 1)
2/17 HB 1022 Appropriates Infrastructure Loan Investments under the Legacy Fund Bill Passed - House (73 - 16)
2/14 SB 2 Appropriates $200 Million to Expand Regional Behavioral Health Services Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 4)
2/13 HB 1590 Establishes a Pilot Program for Education Savings Accounts Bill Failed - House (47 - 40)
2/12 H 58 Appropriates Funding for the State's Family Shelter System and Reduces the Number of Families Served Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 6)
2/11 SB 2004 Appropriates $250,000 to the Ethics Commission for a Fourth Staff Member Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 21)
2/10 SB 182 Requires Local Governments to Continue Operating Under Annual Appropriation Ordinances Until a New Ordinance is Adopted Bill Passed - House (92 - 0)
2/07 SB 87 Prohibits a Lawmaker's Salaries from Automatic Inflation Adjustment Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 0)
2/06 PN 11-22 Nomination of Russell Vought to be Director of the Office of Management and Budget Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 47)
2/06 H 58 Appropriates Funding for the State's Family Shelter System and Reduces the Number of Families Served Bill Passed - House (126 - 26)
2/06 SB 14 Appropriates Funding for a Continuous State Budget Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 8)
2/06 H 141 Amends Appropriations to the Vermont Housing and Conservation Board for Affordable Housing Production Bill Passed - House (87 - 51)
2/05 PN 11-22 Nomination of Russell Vought to be Director of the Office of Management and Budget Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 47)
2/05 SB 182 Requires Local Governments to Continue Operating Under Annual Appropriation Ordinances Until a New Ordinance is Adopted Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 0)
2/03 SB 1 Appropriates $25 Million to Defend Cases Against the State in California State Courts Bill Passed - House (58 - 17)
2/03 SB 2 Appropriates $25 Million for the State Department of Justice to Pay for Legal Battles Involving the Federal Government Bill Passed - House (58 - 17)
2/03 PN 11-22 Nomination of Russell Vought to be Director of the Office of Management and Budget Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 46)
1/30 HF 118 Amends the Monetary Limits of the National Guard Service Scholarship Program Bill Passed - House (99 - 0)
1/29 SB 157 Requires the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare to Issue an Annual Report Detailing Information Relating to Changes in How Lottery Winnings are Counted for All Forms of Cash Assistance Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 20)
1/29 SB 155 Requires the Department of Human Services to Check Death Certificates for Recipients of Public Assistance Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
1/29 SB 156 Requires the Department of Human Services to Verify Wage Records for Recipients of Public Assistance Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
1/28 HR 23 Illegitimate Court Counteraction Act Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (54 - 45)
1/28 SB 50 Amends and Reallocates Capital Funding to Existing Projects Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 0)
1/23 SB 1 Appropriates $25 Million to Defend Cases Against the State in California State Courts Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 9)
1/23 SB 2 Appropriates $25 Million for the State Department of Justice to Pay for Legal Battles Involving the Federal Government Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 8)
1/23 SB 3 Appropriates $2.5 Billion for State Wildfire Relief and Prevention Programs Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 0)
1/23 AB 4 Appropriates $2.5 Billion for State Wildfire Relief Bill Passed - House (79 - 0)
1/15 HR 33 To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to provide special rules for the taxation of certain residents of Taiwan with income from sources within the United States Bill Passed - House (423 - 1)
1/14 S 757 Authorizes Local Social Services Districts to Use Child Care Block Grant Funds for the Presumptive Eligibility Period Bill Passed - Senate (60 - 0)
1/14 HR 153 Post-Disaster Assistance Online Accountability Act Bill Passed - House (426 - 0)
1/13 HR 152 Federal Disaster Assistance Coordination Act Bill Passed - House (405 - 5)
1/09 HR 23 Illegitimate Court Counteraction Act Bill Passed - House (243 - 140)
12/21 HR 82 Social Security Fairness Act of 2023 Bill Passed - Senate (76 - 20)
12/21 HR 10545 American Relief Act, 2025 Bill Passed - Senate (85 - 11)
12/20 HR 10545 American Relief Act, 2025 Bill Passed - House (366 - 34)
12/19 HR 82 Social Security Fairness Act of 2023 Motion Agreed - Senate (73 - 23)
12/19 HR 10515 American Relief Act Bill Failed - House (174 - 235)
12/18 HB 7 Appropriates Funding to Address State Infant Morality Rates Concurrence Vote Passed - House (82 - 8)
12/18 HR 82 Social Security Fairness Act of 2023 Cloture Invoked - Senate (73 - 27)
12/18 HJR 8 Establishes a Constitutional Amendment to Ask Voters to Approve $2.5 Billion in Spending Over 10 Years Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (30 - 1)
12/10 SB 40 Expands Eligibility for State Unemployment Benefits to 26 Weeks Bill Passed - House (58 - 51)
12/04 HB 683 Appropriates $10 Million from the State General Budget in Drought Relief for Farmers Bill Passed - House (87 - 4)
12/04 HJR 8 Establishes a Constitutional Amendment to Ask Voters to Approve $2.5 Billion in Spending Over 10 Years Joint Resolution Passed - House (87 - 4)
12/02 SB 382 Transfers $227 Million from North Carolina's Reserve Fund to the Helene Fund and Rescinds Election Board Appointment Powers from Governor to Auditor Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
11/21 H Res 915 Urging the Government of Ukraine to review and modify its decision to suspend adoption by foreign nationals with a view to resuming such adoptions, particularly in cases where the mutual concerns of the Governments of Ukraine and of the United States can be substantially addressed. Resolution Passed - House (372 - 6)
11/20 SB 382 Transfers $227 Million from North Carolina's Reserve Fund to the Helene Fund and Rescinds Election Board Appointment Powers from Governor to Auditor Conference Report Adopted - House (63 - 46)
11/20 HR 3012 North Korean Human Rights Reauthorization Act Bill Passed - House (335 - 37)
11/20 HR 8368 Coordinator for Afghan Relocation Efforts Authorization Act of 2024 Bill Passed - House (334 - 63)
11/20 SJR 4 Establishes a Statewide Measure on the Ballot in May 2025 to Ask Voters to Approve the Issuance of an Additional $2.5 Billion Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (30 - 1)
11/12 HR 82 Social Security Fairness Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (327 - 75)
10/24 SB 743 Appropriates Emergency Funding for the Disaster Recovery Act Part II Conference Report Adopted - Senate (46 - 0)
10/22 HB 2625 Increases State Funding Transfers for Public Transportation Bill Passed - House (111 - 91)
10/21 HB 2132 Establishes the Pennsylvania-Ireland Trade Commission Concurrence Vote Passed - House (138 - 64)
10/09 HB 149 Appropriates Emergency Funding for the Disaster Recovery Act Part I Conference Report Adopted - Senate (48 - 0)
10/09 HB 149 Appropriates Emergency Funding for the Disaster Recovery Act Part I Conference Report Adopted - House (113 - 0)
10/09 HB 2132 Establishes the Pennsylvania-Ireland Trade Commission Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 1)
10/08 SB 2036 Amends appropriations to West Virginia Universities. Bill Passed - House (91 - 4)
10/08 SB 2039 Amends Appropriations to Governor's Office and Civil Contingent Fund Bill Passed - House (83 - 11)
10/08 SB 2031 Appropriates Funding to the School Building Authority and School Construction Fund Bill Passed - House (68 - 22)
10/08 HB 244 Establishes a Limited Moratorium on New Municipal Fire Fees Imposed on Non-Municipal Residents Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 2)
10/08 HB 244 Establishes a Limited Moratorium on New Municipal Fire Fees Imposed on Non-Municipal Residents Bill Passed - House (79 - 12)
10/07 SB 765 Amends Borough Surcharges, Managers, and Organization of Civil Service Commissions Bill Passed - House (119 - 83)
10/06 SB 2031 Appropriates Funding to the School Building Authority and School Construction Fund Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 1)
9/30 A 4811 Appropriates $20 Million for Summer Tuition Aid Grants for Fiscal Year 2024-2025 Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 0)
9/30 HB 206 Amends Appropriations to West Virginia University General Administrative Fund Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 1)

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