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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
June 10, 2026 MI HB 4359 Amends the Terms and Start Dates of Office for Elected Village Officials Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 1)
May 29, 2026 LA SB 121 Establishes New Congressional Maps Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
May 28, 2026 NJ A 5051 Authorizes Medical Cannabis Dispensaries to Convert to Recreational Sales Without Local Approval Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 3)
May 7, 2026 TN HB 7003 Amends the Congressional Districts Established Following the 2020 Census Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 5)
April 21, 2026 PA SR 211 Requires the Legislative Budget and Finance Committee to Study the Municipalities Planning Code's Performance Bill Passed - Senate (46 - 2)
April 16, 2026 CA SB 935 Authorizes Local Governments to Continue Use of Design Build Procurement Process for Qualifying Public Works Projects Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
April 14, 2026 VT H 849 Authorizes Citizens to Sue Federal Officials for Constitutional Rights Violations Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 7)
April 14, 2026 CT SB 397 Authorizes Residents to Sue Federal Law Enforcement in State Court Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 10)
March 26, 2026 TN SB 1603 Requires Legislative Approval Before Rescheduling or Removing Marijuana as a Controlled Substance Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 12)
March 23, 2026 GA HB 154 Requires the Governor to Request for Georgia to be Placed in the Atlantic Standard Time Zone to Observe Daylight Saving Year-Round Bill Passed - Senate (45 - 5)
March 23, 2026 NJ A 4071 Prohibits State and Local Law Enforcement from Assisting with Federal Immigration Enforcement Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 13)
March 19, 2026 KS HB 2593 Limits Local Governments' Authority to Contract Legal Services Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 17)
March 17, 2026 KY HB 1 Establishes the State's Election to Participate in the Federal Education Scholarship Tax Credit Veto Override Passed - Senate (31 - 5)
March 14, 2026 VA HB 1441 Prohibits State and Local Law Enforcement from Entering into Federal Immigration Enforcement Contracts Conference Report Adopted - Senate (21 - 18)
March 9, 2026 IA SF 579 Prohibits Local Agencies From Enacting Civil Rights Protections That are More Strict Than Those Required by the State Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (29 - 16)
March 4, 2026 FL SB 1134 Prohibits Counties and Municipalities from Funding or Supporting Diversity Equity and Inclusion (DEI) Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 11)
Feb. 27, 2026 IN SB 176 Limits Municipalities' Ability to Impose Restrictions on Shooting Ranges Conference Report Adopted - Senate (42 - 8)
Feb. 25, 2026 IN SB 76 Expands Requirements for State and Local Government Entities to Cooperate with Federal Immigration Enforcement Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (37 - 11)
Feb. 25, 2026 AZ SB 1520 Requires State Law Enforcement to Share Information Upon Request with the Federal Government Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 12)
Feb. 24, 2026 IN HB 1001 Amends Zoning Rules and Approval Processes Relating to Housing Development Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 13)
Feb. 17, 2026 VA SB 783 Restricts State and Local Law Enforcement From Engaging in a Federal Immigration Enforcement Agreement Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 19)
Feb. 12, 2026 National H J Res 142 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the D.C. Income and Franchise Tax Conformity and Revision Temporary Amendment Act of 2025 Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 47)
Feb. 12, 2026 MD HB 444 Prohibits the State and Any Local Government From Entering Into an Immigration Enforcement Agreement Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 13)
Feb. 11, 2026 National H J Res 142 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the D.C. Income and Franchise Tax Conformity and Revision Temporary Amendment Act of 2025 Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 46)
Feb. 9, 2026 VA SB 322 Requires Virginia's Electoral Votes to go to the Candidate Who Wins the National Popular Vote Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 19)
Feb. 3, 2026 NM HB 9 Prohibits Governmental Entities From Entering Into Certain Immigration Enforcement Agreements and Using Public Property for Immigration-Related Detainment Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 15)
Feb. 3, 2026 AL SB 71 Prohibits State Entities From Adopting Stricter Environmental Regulations Than the Federal Government Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 7)
Jan. 28, 2026 WA SB 5855 Prohibits Local, State, and Federal Law Enforcement From Wearing Face Coverings Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
Jan. 26, 2026 IN SB 76 Expands Requirements for State and Local Government Entities to Cooperate with Federal Immigration Enforcement Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 7)
Jan. 16, 2026 KY SB 7 Authorizes Certain Local Officials to Perform Driver's License Renewal and Other Identification Services Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 1)
Jan. 15, 2026 AZ SB 1106 Amends State Tax Rates to Align With the Federal Rates Established in the "One Big Beautiful Bill Act" Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 12)
Jan. 7, 2026 National S J Res 86 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Air Plan Approval; South Dakota; Regional Haze Plan for the Second Implementation Period" Motion Rejected - Senate (43 - 50)
Oct. 29, 2025 National S J Res 69 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service relating to "Record of Decision for the Barred Owl Management Strategy; Washington, Oregon, and California" Motion Rejected - Senate (25 - 72)
Oct. 7, 2025 National H J Res 104 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Miles City Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment". Motion Agreed - Senate (50 - 47)
Sept. 22, 2025 NC HB 926 Limits Local Governments' Authority to Regulate the Display of the U.S. Flag on Private Property Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 17)
Aug. 12, 2025 TX SB 2 (Special Session) Requires the Texas Water Development Board to Identify High-Risk Flood Areas and Require Local Governments to Install Outdoor Warning Sirens in Those Locations Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 0)
July 29, 2025 NC SB 153 Requires the Department of Public Safety to Cooperate with Federal Immigration Officials Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
June 18, 2025 ME LD 1971 Limits How Local Law Enforcement Agencies Assist Federal Immigration Officials Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (20 - 14)
June 4, 2025 CT HB 7004 Authorizes Municipalities in Connecticut to Enter Into Interlocal Agreements Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 11)
May 31, 2025 TX SB 8 Requires Local Law Enforcement Assist the Federal Government in Deportation Efforts Conference Report Adopted - Senate (20 - 11)
May 29, 2025 CA SB 515 Requires Cities and Counties to Collect Specific Categories for Black or African American Ancestry when Collecting Demographic Data Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
May 15, 2025 NH HB 511 Prohibits Sanctuary City Policies in the State "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (15 - 8)
May 15, 2025 WI SB 56 Authorizes Private Water Utilities to Access Federal Funds for Loan Forgiveness for the Replacement of Lead Service Lines Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 16)
May 13, 2025 IA HF 972 Requires the Iowa Health and Human Services Department (HHS) to Use No More than $150 Million Federal Funds to Create 115 New Medical Residency Slots at State Teaching Hospitals Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 4)
May 12, 2025 AK SB 26 Exempts the State from Daylight Savings Time Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 2)
May 2, 2025 ND HB 1298 Increases the State Interstate Speed Limit from 75 to 80 Miles Per Hour Conference Report Adopted - Senate (27 - 20)
April 30, 2025 TX SB 2858 Authorizes Broader Powers to the State Attorney General to Penalize Cities and Counties that do not Comply with State Law Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 12)
April 28, 2025 CO SB 25-205 Authorizes Federal Firearms Licensees to Request a Gun Serial Number Check from Law Enforcement Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (22 - 11)
April 28, 2025 OR SB 952 Requires the Governor to Appoint a United States Senator When a Vacancy in the Office Occurs Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
April 25, 2025 CO HB 25-1321 Appropriates $4 million to the Governor's Office for Legal Costs of Defending Colorado Against Trump Administration Efforts to Withhold Funding Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 12)
Date No. Title Outcome
6/10 HB 4359 Amends the Terms and Start Dates of Office for Elected Village Officials Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 1)
5/29 SB 121 Establishes New Congressional Maps Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
5/28 A 5051 Authorizes Medical Cannabis Dispensaries to Convert to Recreational Sales Without Local Approval Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 3)
5/07 HB 7003 Amends the Congressional Districts Established Following the 2020 Census Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 5)
4/21 SR 211 Requires the Legislative Budget and Finance Committee to Study the Municipalities Planning Code's Performance Bill Passed - Senate (46 - 2)
4/16 SB 935 Authorizes Local Governments to Continue Use of Design Build Procurement Process for Qualifying Public Works Projects Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
4/14 H 849 Authorizes Citizens to Sue Federal Officials for Constitutional Rights Violations Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 7)
4/14 SB 397 Authorizes Residents to Sue Federal Law Enforcement in State Court Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 10)
3/26 SB 1603 Requires Legislative Approval Before Rescheduling or Removing Marijuana as a Controlled Substance Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 12)
3/23 HB 154 Requires the Governor to Request for Georgia to be Placed in the Atlantic Standard Time Zone to Observe Daylight Saving Year-Round Bill Passed - Senate (45 - 5)
3/23 A 4071 Prohibits State and Local Law Enforcement from Assisting with Federal Immigration Enforcement Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 13)
3/19 HB 2593 Limits Local Governments' Authority to Contract Legal Services Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 17)
3/17 HB 1 Establishes the State's Election to Participate in the Federal Education Scholarship Tax Credit Veto Override Passed - Senate (31 - 5)
3/14 HB 1441 Prohibits State and Local Law Enforcement from Entering into Federal Immigration Enforcement Contracts Conference Report Adopted - Senate (21 - 18)
3/09 SF 579 Prohibits Local Agencies From Enacting Civil Rights Protections That are More Strict Than Those Required by the State Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (29 - 16)
3/04 SB 1134 Prohibits Counties and Municipalities from Funding or Supporting Diversity Equity and Inclusion (DEI) Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 11)
2/27 SB 176 Limits Municipalities' Ability to Impose Restrictions on Shooting Ranges Conference Report Adopted - Senate (42 - 8)
2/25 SB 76 Expands Requirements for State and Local Government Entities to Cooperate with Federal Immigration Enforcement Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (37 - 11)
2/25 SB 1520 Requires State Law Enforcement to Share Information Upon Request with the Federal Government Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 12)
2/24 HB 1001 Amends Zoning Rules and Approval Processes Relating to Housing Development Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 13)
2/17 SB 783 Restricts State and Local Law Enforcement From Engaging in a Federal Immigration Enforcement Agreement Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 19)
2/12 H J Res 142 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the D.C. Income and Franchise Tax Conformity and Revision Temporary Amendment Act of 2025 Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 47)
2/12 HB 444 Prohibits the State and Any Local Government From Entering Into an Immigration Enforcement Agreement Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 13)
2/11 H J Res 142 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the D.C. Income and Franchise Tax Conformity and Revision Temporary Amendment Act of 2025 Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 46)
2/09 SB 322 Requires Virginia's Electoral Votes to go to the Candidate Who Wins the National Popular Vote Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 19)
2/03 HB 9 Prohibits Governmental Entities From Entering Into Certain Immigration Enforcement Agreements and Using Public Property for Immigration-Related Detainment Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 15)
2/03 SB 71 Prohibits State Entities From Adopting Stricter Environmental Regulations Than the Federal Government Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 7)
1/28 SB 5855 Prohibits Local, State, and Federal Law Enforcement From Wearing Face Coverings Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
1/26 SB 76 Expands Requirements for State and Local Government Entities to Cooperate with Federal Immigration Enforcement Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 7)
1/16 SB 7 Authorizes Certain Local Officials to Perform Driver's License Renewal and Other Identification Services Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 1)
1/15 SB 1106 Amends State Tax Rates to Align With the Federal Rates Established in the "One Big Beautiful Bill Act" Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 12)
1/07 S J Res 86 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Air Plan Approval; South Dakota; Regional Haze Plan for the Second Implementation Period" Motion Rejected - Senate (43 - 50)
10/29 S J Res 69 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service relating to "Record of Decision for the Barred Owl Management Strategy; Washington, Oregon, and California" Motion Rejected - Senate (25 - 72)
10/07 H J Res 104 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Miles City Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment". Motion Agreed - Senate (50 - 47)
9/22 HB 926 Limits Local Governments' Authority to Regulate the Display of the U.S. Flag on Private Property Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 17)
8/12 SB 2 (Special Session) Requires the Texas Water Development Board to Identify High-Risk Flood Areas and Require Local Governments to Install Outdoor Warning Sirens in Those Locations Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 0)
7/29 SB 153 Requires the Department of Public Safety to Cooperate with Federal Immigration Officials Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
6/18 LD 1971 Limits How Local Law Enforcement Agencies Assist Federal Immigration Officials Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (20 - 14)
6/04 HB 7004 Authorizes Municipalities in Connecticut to Enter Into Interlocal Agreements Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 11)
5/31 SB 8 Requires Local Law Enforcement Assist the Federal Government in Deportation Efforts Conference Report Adopted - Senate (20 - 11)
5/29 SB 515 Requires Cities and Counties to Collect Specific Categories for Black or African American Ancestry when Collecting Demographic Data Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
5/15 HB 511 Prohibits Sanctuary City Policies in the State "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (15 - 8)
5/15 SB 56 Authorizes Private Water Utilities to Access Federal Funds for Loan Forgiveness for the Replacement of Lead Service Lines Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 16)
5/13 HF 972 Requires the Iowa Health and Human Services Department (HHS) to Use No More than $150 Million Federal Funds to Create 115 New Medical Residency Slots at State Teaching Hospitals Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 4)
5/12 SB 26 Exempts the State from Daylight Savings Time Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 2)
5/02 HB 1298 Increases the State Interstate Speed Limit from 75 to 80 Miles Per Hour Conference Report Adopted - Senate (27 - 20)
4/30 SB 2858 Authorizes Broader Powers to the State Attorney General to Penalize Cities and Counties that do not Comply with State Law Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 12)
4/28 SB 25-205 Authorizes Federal Firearms Licensees to Request a Gun Serial Number Check from Law Enforcement Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (22 - 11)
4/28 SB 952 Requires the Governor to Appoint a United States Senator When a Vacancy in the Office Occurs Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
4/25 HB 25-1321 Appropriates $4 million to the Governor's Office for Legal Costs of Defending Colorado Against Trump Administration Efforts to Withhold Funding Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 12)
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