Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
June 18, 2025 OH SB 172 Prohibits Immigration-Related Arrest Protections Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 8)
June 10, 2025 LA SB 15 Authorizes Punishments to Jailers for Not Cooperating with ICE Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 9)
June 10, 2025 NC SB 153 Requires State Police to Cooperate with Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and Authorizes Individuals to Sue Local Governments for Crimes Committed by Undocumented Immigrants Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (26 - 17)
June 10, 2025 NC HB 318 Reduces the Timeline for Law Enforcement to Alert ICE before an Undocumented Immigrant Criminal Suspect is Released Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 17)
June 9, 2025 MN HF 1 Repeals MinnesotaCare Eligibility for Undocumented Immigrants Age 18 or Older Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 16)
June 2, 2025 CA SB 98 Requires School Districts and Certain Universities to Notify Students, Faculty, and Other Campus Members When Federal Immigration Enforcement is Present Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 8)
June 2, 2025 CA SB 323 Requires an Amendment to the California Dream Act Application That Clarifies That it May Be Used by Any Student Eligible for State Financial Aid Programs Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 1)
June 2, 2025 CA SB 81 Prohibits Immigration Enforcement from Obtaining Medical Information from Healthcare Providers without a Valid Warrant Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 7)
June 1, 2025 LA SB 100 Requires State Agencies to Track and Report the Services Received by Undocumented Immigrants to Determine the Amount of Tax Dollars Spent on Them Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 11)
May 31, 2025 TX SB 8 Requires Local Law Enforcement Assist the Federal Government in Deportation Efforts Conference Report Adopted - Senate (20 - 11)
May 27, 2025 CT HB 7259 Amends and Strengthens the State's Existing Trust Act which Limits Cooperation Between State and Local Law Enforcement and Federal Immigration Authorities Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 11)
May 21, 2025 OK SB 20 Requires CDL Holders to Understand English Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (36 - 10)
May 21, 2025 LA HB 436 Prohibits Unauthorized Immigrants from Receiving General Damages Stemming from Auto Accidents Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 10)
May 15, 2025 NH HB 511 Prohibits Sanctuary City Policies in the State "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (15 - 8)
May 15, 2025 NH SB 62 Authorizes Law Enforcement Officials to Enter into Agreements with ICE Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (15 - 8)
May 12, 2025 LA SB 15 Authorizes Punishments to Jailers for Not Cooperating with ICE Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
May 5, 2025 CO SB 25-276 Extends and Expands the State's Protections on Disclosing Personal Information Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (23 - 12)
April 21, 2025 CO SB 25-276 Extends and Expands the State's Protections on Disclosing Personal Information Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 13)
April 16, 2025 AR HB 1974 Prohibits State Entities from Employing Undocumented Immigrants Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 6)
April 14, 2025 IA SF 369 Requires High School Students to Pass a Civics Test Identical to the U.S. Citizenship Test to Graduate Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 7)
April 10, 2025 ND HB 1600 Establishes an Immigration-Focused Law Clinic at the University of North Dakota Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 13)
April 10, 2025 TN SB 836 Authorizes Schools to Charge Undocumented Students Tuition Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 13)
April 10, 2025 IL SB 2339 Prohibits Employers from Firing an Immigrant Worker if Their Records Don't Match the Federal E-Verify System Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 21)
April 9, 2025 AZ HB 2099 Requires All Government Employees at Any Level in Arizona Enforce and Cooperate with All immigration Orders Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 13)
April 7, 2025 MD HB 1222 Prohibits Local Law Enforcement Agencies From Entering Agreements With Federal Immigration Officials Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 13)
Date No. Title Outcome
6/18 SB 172 Prohibits Immigration-Related Arrest Protections Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 8)
6/10 SB 15 Authorizes Punishments to Jailers for Not Cooperating with ICE Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 9)
6/10 SB 153 Requires State Police to Cooperate with Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and Authorizes Individuals to Sue Local Governments for Crimes Committed by Undocumented Immigrants Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (26 - 17)
6/10 HB 318 Reduces the Timeline for Law Enforcement to Alert ICE before an Undocumented Immigrant Criminal Suspect is Released Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 17)
6/09 HF 1 Repeals MinnesotaCare Eligibility for Undocumented Immigrants Age 18 or Older Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 16)
6/02 SB 98 Requires School Districts and Certain Universities to Notify Students, Faculty, and Other Campus Members When Federal Immigration Enforcement is Present Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 8)
6/02 SB 323 Requires an Amendment to the California Dream Act Application That Clarifies That it May Be Used by Any Student Eligible for State Financial Aid Programs Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 1)
6/02 SB 81 Prohibits Immigration Enforcement from Obtaining Medical Information from Healthcare Providers without a Valid Warrant Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 7)
6/01 SB 100 Requires State Agencies to Track and Report the Services Received by Undocumented Immigrants to Determine the Amount of Tax Dollars Spent on Them Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 11)
5/31 SB 8 Requires Local Law Enforcement Assist the Federal Government in Deportation Efforts Conference Report Adopted - Senate (20 - 11)
5/27 HB 7259 Amends and Strengthens the State's Existing Trust Act which Limits Cooperation Between State and Local Law Enforcement and Federal Immigration Authorities Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 11)
5/21 SB 20 Requires CDL Holders to Understand English Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (36 - 10)
5/21 HB 436 Prohibits Unauthorized Immigrants from Receiving General Damages Stemming from Auto Accidents Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 10)
5/15 HB 511 Prohibits Sanctuary City Policies in the State "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (15 - 8)
5/15 SB 62 Authorizes Law Enforcement Officials to Enter into Agreements with ICE Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (15 - 8)
5/12 SB 15 Authorizes Punishments to Jailers for Not Cooperating with ICE Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
5/05 SB 25-276 Extends and Expands the State's Protections on Disclosing Personal Information Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (23 - 12)
4/21 SB 25-276 Extends and Expands the State's Protections on Disclosing Personal Information Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 13)
4/16 HB 1974 Prohibits State Entities from Employing Undocumented Immigrants Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 6)
4/14 SF 369 Requires High School Students to Pass a Civics Test Identical to the U.S. Citizenship Test to Graduate Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 7)
4/10 HB 1600 Establishes an Immigration-Focused Law Clinic at the University of North Dakota Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 13)
4/10 SB 836 Authorizes Schools to Charge Undocumented Students Tuition Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 13)
4/10 SB 2339 Prohibits Employers from Firing an Immigrant Worker if Their Records Don't Match the Federal E-Verify System Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 21)
4/09 HB 2099 Requires All Government Employees at Any Level in Arizona Enforce and Cooperate with All immigration Orders Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 13)
4/07 HB 1222 Prohibits Local Law Enforcement Agencies From Entering Agreements With Federal Immigration Officials Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 13)

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