Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
May 8, 2025 RI H 5872 Prohibits the Use of Artificially Generated or Altered Campaign Materials Without Disclosure Within 90 Days of Any Election Bill Passed - House (66 - 1)
May 8, 2025 National HR 276 Gulf of America Act Bill Passed - House (211 - 206)
May 7, 2025 AL SB 142 Repeals the Electronic Registration Information Center (ERIC) as a Voter Registration Database Bill Passed - House (86 - 10)
May 7, 2025 AL SB 142 Repeals the Electronic Registration Information Center (ERIC) as a Voter Registration Database Bill Passed - House (86 - 10)
May 7, 2025 AL SB 158 Prohibits Using Foreign National Driver's Licenses as a Form of Identification when Voting Bill Passed - House (82 - 13)
May 7, 2025 OK SB 1027 Limits Petitions for Ballot Measures Bill Passed - House (70 - 21)
May 7, 2025 OK SB 1027 Limits Petitions for Ballot Measures Bill Passed - House (70 - 21)
May 7, 2025 LA HB 667 Reduces State Income Taxes with Voter Passage of a Proposed Constitutional Amendment Bill Passed - House (86 - 13)
May 7, 2025 LA HB 667 Reduces State Income Taxes with Voter Passage of a Proposed Constitutional Amendment Bill Passed - House (86 - 13)
May 6, 2025 CO HB 25-1312 Establishes Penalties for "Dead-Naming" or "Misgendering" as Discriminatory Actions and Requires Courts to Include Such Claims in Custody Cases Concurrence Vote Passed - House (39 - 24)
May 6, 2025 AZ SB 1097 Requires Arizona Schools to Close on Election Days to Serve as Polling Places Bill Passed - House (31 - 23)
May 6, 2025 AL SB 5 Amends and Restructures the Board of Trustees for the Alabama Department of Archives and History Bill Passed - House (74 - 29)
May 5, 2025 MN HF 2434 Appropriates Funding for the State Human Services Budget Bill Passed - House (109 - 25)
May 2, 2025 CO HB 25-1327 Requires Proponents of Ballot Measures to Report When They Have 75% of the Required Number of Voter Signatures to Make the Ballot Concurrence Vote Passed - House (43 - 18)
May 2, 2025 CO HB 25-1315 Requires That Members of the General Assembly Appointed Through a Vacancy Committee Serve No More Than One Year Before Running for Election Before the Electorate Concurrence Vote Passed - House (53 - 8)
May 2, 2025 CO HB 25-1315 Requires That Members of the General Assembly Appointed Through a Vacancy Committee Serve No More Than One Year Before Running for Election Before the Electorate Concurrence Vote Passed - House (53 - 8)
May 2, 2025 TX SB 29 Establishes Specialty Courts to Handle Business Disputes Bill Passed - House (109 - 7)
May 1, 2025 ND HB 1298 Increases the State Interstate Speed Limit from 75 to 80 Miles Per Hour Conference Report Adopted - House (54 - 36)
May 1, 2025 AZ HB 2824 Authorizes State Legislators the Power to Hold an Individual in Contempt Concurrence Vote Passed - House (31 - 26)
May 1, 2025 ND HB 1298 Increases the State Interstate Speed Limit from 75 to 80 Miles Per Hour Concurrence Vote Failed - House (46 - 45)
May 1, 2025 MN SF 3045 Appropriates Funding for the Omnibus State Government Finance and Elections Bill Bill Passed - House (113 - 21)
May 1, 2025 AL SB 330 Amends and Restructures the Governance of Large Municipal Water Systems Bill Passed - House (66 - 27)
May 1, 2025 AL SB 330 Amends and Restructures the Governance of Large Municipal Water Systems Bill Passed - House (66 - 27)
May 1, 2025 MI HB 4339 Prohibits Sanctuary City Policies and Requires Local-Federal Immigration Enforcement Cooperation Bill Passed - House (58 - 48)
May 1, 2025 TX HB 2520 Amends the State Open Meetings Law Bill Passed - House (137 - 3)
April 30, 2025 ME LD 837 Requires Positions Taken by the Public Advocate to be Consistent with the Cost-Effective Implementation of the State's Climate Goals "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (74 - 67)
April 30, 2025 OK SB 991 Requires the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA) Definition of Antisemitism be Adopted into State Law Bill Passed - House (62 - 24)
April 30, 2025 ME LD 477 Establishes 15 New Rural State Trooper Positions "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (117 - 26)
April 30, 2025 NC HB 171 Prohibits Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) Programs in Local and State Government Agencies Bill Passed - House (69 - 45)
April 30, 2025 TX HB 366 Requires Disclosures on Certain Political Advertising that Contains Altered Media and Creates a Criminal Offense Bill Passed - House (102 - 40)
April 29, 2025 AZ HB 2451 Amends the Rules for Administrative Hearings to Allow for One Uncontested Change by an Administrative Law Judge Concurrence Vote Passed - House (53 - 2)
April 29, 2025 FL SB 700 Establishes the 2025 Florida Farm Bill and Prohibits Fluoride in Water Supplies Bill Passed - House (88 - 27)
April 29, 2025 ME LD 749 Requires the Nominated Individual for a Vacant U.S. Senate Seat to be Enrolled in the Same Political Party as Their Predecessor "Ought to Pass" Report Not Adopted - House (56 - 90)
April 29, 2025 ME LD 749 Requires the Nominated Individual for a Vacant U.S. Senate Seat to be Enrolled in the Same Political Party as Their Predecessor "Ought to Pass" Report Not Adopted - House (56 - 90)
April 28, 2025 ND HB 1300 Specifies Timeline for When Term Limits Passed by Voters in 2022 Officially Take Effect Conference Report Rejected - House (28 - 61)
April 28, 2025 ND HB 1300 Specifies Timeline for When Term Limits Passed by Voters in 2022 Officially Take Effect Conference Report Rejected - House (28 - 61)
April 28, 2025 AZ HB 2099 Requires All Government Employees at Any Level in Arizona Enforce and Cooperate with All immigration Orders Concurrence Vote Passed - House (32 - 23)
April 28, 2025 AZ HB 2388 Prohibits the Disclosure of Any Information that Would Lead to an Individual who Submitted an Anonymous Crime Tip from Being Identified Concurrence Vote Passed - House (50 - 5)
April 28, 2025 MT HB 2 Appropriates Funding for the 2025-2027 State Fiscal Budget Concurrence Vote Passed - House (67 - 33)
April 28, 2025 CO SB 25-001 Establishes Protections for Voters in a Protected Class and Authorizes the Filing of Civil Suits for Discrimination Bill Passed - House (59 - 3)
April 28, 2025 AZ SB 1103 Increases the Penalty Assessment Levied on Fines, Penalties, and Forfeitures Imposed and Collected by Courts Bill Passed - House (39 - 17)
April 28, 2025 AZ SB 1510 Requires the Arizona Department of Administration to Create a List of All Full-Time Equivalent Positions that have Been Open for at least 150 Days Bill Passed - House (32 - 24)
April 28, 2025 AZ SB 1086 Amends Transportation Planning Statutes to Add Mobility as a Performance Factor Bill Passed - House (32 - 24)
April 28, 2025 AK HB 16 Limits State Politicians' Ability to Accept Campaign Donations Bill Passed - House (22 - 18)
April 28, 2025 LA HB 291 Extends the Filing Deadline for Wrongful Death Lawsuits Bill Passed - House (90 - 6)
April 25, 2025 IN HB 1001 Appropriates Funding for the 2025-2027 State Fiscal Budget Conference Report Adopted - House (66 - 27)
April 25, 2025 CO SB 25-205 Authorizes Federal Firearms Licensees to Request a Gun Serial Number Check from Law Enforcement Bill Passed - House (36 - 27)
April 25, 2025 MN HF 2563 Appropriates Funding for the 2025 State Legacy Budget Bill Passed - House (115 - 19)
April 24, 2025 MI HB 4048 Establishes Sentencing Guidelines for Certain AI Deepfakes in Michigan Bill Passed - House (104 - 1)
April 24, 2025 MI HB 4047 Authorizes Civil Action Against Certain AI Deepfakes in Michigan Bill Passed - House (104 - 1)
April 23, 2025 IA HF 706 Defines Security Camera Footage from the Iowa Capitol Building as Confidential Records Concurrence Vote Passed - House (83 - 10)
April 22, 2025 AL HB 479 Prohibits the State from Participating in the Electronic Registration Information Center (ERIC) Bill Passed - House (74 - 28)
April 22, 2025 NV AB 499 Requires Voter Photo Identification and Reforms to Mail Voting and Voter Registration Systems Bill Passed - House (30 - 12)
April 22, 2025 AL HB 471 Repeals the Prohibition on State or Local Officers Serving on the Board of Directors of Local Water, Sewer, or Fire Protection Authorities Bill Passed - House (84 - 4)
April 22, 2025 NV AB 73 Requires the Disclosure of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Campaign Materials Bill Passed - House (42 - 0)
April 21, 2025 CO SB 25-206 Appropriates Funding for the Fiscal Year 2025-2026 Colorado State Budget Conference Report Adopted - House (43 - 21)
April 21, 2025 CO SB 25-206 Appropriates Funding for the Fiscal Year 2025-2026 Colorado State Budget Conference Report Adopted - House (43 - 21)
April 21, 2025 ND HB 1442 Establishes a State Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE) Task Force Concurrence Vote Passed - House (91 - 1)
April 21, 2025 ND HB 1442 Establishes a State Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE) Task Force Concurrence Vote Passed - House (91 - 1)
April 21, 2025 IA SF 513 Prohibits Courts from Ordering Parties Involved in a Dissolution of a Marriage to Pay a Post-Secondary Education Subsidy for Dependents Bill Passed - House (85 - 6)
April 17, 2025 IN HB 1008 Establishes a Commission to Analyze Possible County Secession from Illinois to Indiana Concurrence Vote Passed - House (64 - 23)
April 17, 2025 AZ SB 1375 Requires County Recorders to Provide Free Public Access to Voter Information Rolls Through an Online Portal Bill Passed - House (32 - 25)
April 17, 2025 AZ SB 1375 Requires County Recorders to Provide Free Public Access to Voter Information Rolls Through an Online Portal Bill Passed - House (32 - 25)
April 17, 2025 AZ SB 1022 Increases the Limit for Cases Being Tried in Small Claims Court from $3,500 to $5,000 Bill Passed - House (32 - 23)
April 17, 2025 IA SJR 9 Establishes a Constitutional Amendment to Allow Minors and Certain Adults with Disabilities to Testify Remotely Against Their Alleged Abusers Joint Resolution Passed - House (87 - 6)
April 17, 2025 IA SF 311 Prohibits Police Citizen Review Boards Bill Passed - House (81 - 12)
April 17, 2025 AL HB 247 Amends the Name "Gulf of Mexico" to the "Gulf of America" Bill Passed - House (72 - 26)
April 17, 2025 NV AB 530 Authorizes the Clark County Commission to Continue Fuel Tax Increases Without Voter Approval Bill Passed - House (39 - 3)
April 17, 2025 AL HB 165 Establishes Juneteenth as a State Holiday Bill Passed - House (85 - 4)
April 17, 2025 TX HB 2 Appropriates $7.7 Billion for the State Education Budget Bill Passed - House (142 - 5)
April 17, 2025 NV AB 81 Exempts Nevada from Federal Laws Relating to Daylight Saving Time Bill Passed - House (27 - 15)
April 16, 2025 AZ SB 1280 Requires the County Board of Supervisors or the Officer in Charge of Elections in a County to Send the Cast Vote Record to the Secretary of State within 48 Hours After the County's Canvass is Submitted Bill Passed - House (33 - 25)
April 16, 2025 AZ SB 1280 Requires the County Board of Supervisors or the Officer in Charge of Elections in a County to Send the Cast Vote Record to the Secretary of State within 48 Hours After the County's Canvass is Submitted Bill Passed - House (33 - 25)
April 16, 2025 AZ SB 1256 Prohibits State Agencies from Using Any Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) Programs for Purposes of Hiring, Training, or Promotion Bill Passed - House (33 - 25)
April 16, 2025 AZ SB 1464 Requires the Arizona Department of Revenue to Notify the State Legislature of Tax Laws that Adversely Impact Residents Bill Passed - House (33 - 25)
Date No. Title Outcome
5/08 H 5872 Prohibits the Use of Artificially Generated or Altered Campaign Materials Without Disclosure Within 90 Days of Any Election Bill Passed - House (66 - 1)
5/08 HR 276 Gulf of America Act Bill Passed - House (211 - 206)
5/07 SB 142 Repeals the Electronic Registration Information Center (ERIC) as a Voter Registration Database Bill Passed - House (86 - 10)
5/07 SB 142 Repeals the Electronic Registration Information Center (ERIC) as a Voter Registration Database Bill Passed - House (86 - 10)
5/07 SB 158 Prohibits Using Foreign National Driver's Licenses as a Form of Identification when Voting Bill Passed - House (82 - 13)
5/07 SB 1027 Limits Petitions for Ballot Measures Bill Passed - House (70 - 21)
5/07 SB 1027 Limits Petitions for Ballot Measures Bill Passed - House (70 - 21)
5/07 HB 667 Reduces State Income Taxes with Voter Passage of a Proposed Constitutional Amendment Bill Passed - House (86 - 13)
5/07 HB 667 Reduces State Income Taxes with Voter Passage of a Proposed Constitutional Amendment Bill Passed - House (86 - 13)
5/06 HB 25-1312 Establishes Penalties for "Dead-Naming" or "Misgendering" as Discriminatory Actions and Requires Courts to Include Such Claims in Custody Cases Concurrence Vote Passed - House (39 - 24)
5/06 SB 1097 Requires Arizona Schools to Close on Election Days to Serve as Polling Places Bill Passed - House (31 - 23)
5/06 SB 5 Amends and Restructures the Board of Trustees for the Alabama Department of Archives and History Bill Passed - House (74 - 29)
5/05 HF 2434 Appropriates Funding for the State Human Services Budget Bill Passed - House (109 - 25)
5/02 HB 25-1327 Requires Proponents of Ballot Measures to Report When They Have 75% of the Required Number of Voter Signatures to Make the Ballot Concurrence Vote Passed - House (43 - 18)
5/02 HB 25-1315 Requires That Members of the General Assembly Appointed Through a Vacancy Committee Serve No More Than One Year Before Running for Election Before the Electorate Concurrence Vote Passed - House (53 - 8)
5/02 HB 25-1315 Requires That Members of the General Assembly Appointed Through a Vacancy Committee Serve No More Than One Year Before Running for Election Before the Electorate Concurrence Vote Passed - House (53 - 8)
5/02 SB 29 Establishes Specialty Courts to Handle Business Disputes Bill Passed - House (109 - 7)
5/01 HB 1298 Increases the State Interstate Speed Limit from 75 to 80 Miles Per Hour Conference Report Adopted - House (54 - 36)
5/01 HB 2824 Authorizes State Legislators the Power to Hold an Individual in Contempt Concurrence Vote Passed - House (31 - 26)
5/01 HB 1298 Increases the State Interstate Speed Limit from 75 to 80 Miles Per Hour Concurrence Vote Failed - House (46 - 45)
5/01 SF 3045 Appropriates Funding for the Omnibus State Government Finance and Elections Bill Bill Passed - House (113 - 21)
5/01 SB 330 Amends and Restructures the Governance of Large Municipal Water Systems Bill Passed - House (66 - 27)
5/01 SB 330 Amends and Restructures the Governance of Large Municipal Water Systems Bill Passed - House (66 - 27)
5/01 HB 4339 Prohibits Sanctuary City Policies and Requires Local-Federal Immigration Enforcement Cooperation Bill Passed - House (58 - 48)
5/01 HB 2520 Amends the State Open Meetings Law Bill Passed - House (137 - 3)
4/30 LD 837 Requires Positions Taken by the Public Advocate to be Consistent with the Cost-Effective Implementation of the State's Climate Goals "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (74 - 67)
4/30 SB 991 Requires the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA) Definition of Antisemitism be Adopted into State Law Bill Passed - House (62 - 24)
4/30 LD 477 Establishes 15 New Rural State Trooper Positions "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (117 - 26)
4/30 HB 171 Prohibits Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) Programs in Local and State Government Agencies Bill Passed - House (69 - 45)
4/30 HB 366 Requires Disclosures on Certain Political Advertising that Contains Altered Media and Creates a Criminal Offense Bill Passed - House (102 - 40)
4/29 HB 2451 Amends the Rules for Administrative Hearings to Allow for One Uncontested Change by an Administrative Law Judge Concurrence Vote Passed - House (53 - 2)
4/29 SB 700 Establishes the 2025 Florida Farm Bill and Prohibits Fluoride in Water Supplies Bill Passed - House (88 - 27)
4/29 LD 749 Requires the Nominated Individual for a Vacant U.S. Senate Seat to be Enrolled in the Same Political Party as Their Predecessor "Ought to Pass" Report Not Adopted - House (56 - 90)
4/29 LD 749 Requires the Nominated Individual for a Vacant U.S. Senate Seat to be Enrolled in the Same Political Party as Their Predecessor "Ought to Pass" Report Not Adopted - House (56 - 90)
4/28 HB 1300 Specifies Timeline for When Term Limits Passed by Voters in 2022 Officially Take Effect Conference Report Rejected - House (28 - 61)
4/28 HB 1300 Specifies Timeline for When Term Limits Passed by Voters in 2022 Officially Take Effect Conference Report Rejected - House (28 - 61)
4/28 HB 2099 Requires All Government Employees at Any Level in Arizona Enforce and Cooperate with All immigration Orders Concurrence Vote Passed - House (32 - 23)
4/28 HB 2388 Prohibits the Disclosure of Any Information that Would Lead to an Individual who Submitted an Anonymous Crime Tip from Being Identified Concurrence Vote Passed - House (50 - 5)
4/28 HB 2 Appropriates Funding for the 2025-2027 State Fiscal Budget Concurrence Vote Passed - House (67 - 33)
4/28 SB 25-001 Establishes Protections for Voters in a Protected Class and Authorizes the Filing of Civil Suits for Discrimination Bill Passed - House (59 - 3)
4/28 SB 1103 Increases the Penalty Assessment Levied on Fines, Penalties, and Forfeitures Imposed and Collected by Courts Bill Passed - House (39 - 17)
4/28 SB 1510 Requires the Arizona Department of Administration to Create a List of All Full-Time Equivalent Positions that have Been Open for at least 150 Days Bill Passed - House (32 - 24)
4/28 SB 1086 Amends Transportation Planning Statutes to Add Mobility as a Performance Factor Bill Passed - House (32 - 24)
4/28 HB 16 Limits State Politicians' Ability to Accept Campaign Donations Bill Passed - House (22 - 18)
4/28 HB 291 Extends the Filing Deadline for Wrongful Death Lawsuits Bill Passed - House (90 - 6)
4/25 HB 1001 Appropriates Funding for the 2025-2027 State Fiscal Budget Conference Report Adopted - House (66 - 27)
4/25 SB 25-205 Authorizes Federal Firearms Licensees to Request a Gun Serial Number Check from Law Enforcement Bill Passed - House (36 - 27)
4/25 HF 2563 Appropriates Funding for the 2025 State Legacy Budget Bill Passed - House (115 - 19)
4/24 HB 4048 Establishes Sentencing Guidelines for Certain AI Deepfakes in Michigan Bill Passed - House (104 - 1)
4/24 HB 4047 Authorizes Civil Action Against Certain AI Deepfakes in Michigan Bill Passed - House (104 - 1)
4/23 HF 706 Defines Security Camera Footage from the Iowa Capitol Building as Confidential Records Concurrence Vote Passed - House (83 - 10)
4/22 HB 479 Prohibits the State from Participating in the Electronic Registration Information Center (ERIC) Bill Passed - House (74 - 28)
4/22 AB 499 Requires Voter Photo Identification and Reforms to Mail Voting and Voter Registration Systems Bill Passed - House (30 - 12)
4/22 HB 471 Repeals the Prohibition on State or Local Officers Serving on the Board of Directors of Local Water, Sewer, or Fire Protection Authorities Bill Passed - House (84 - 4)
4/22 AB 73 Requires the Disclosure of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Campaign Materials Bill Passed - House (42 - 0)
4/21 SB 25-206 Appropriates Funding for the Fiscal Year 2025-2026 Colorado State Budget Conference Report Adopted - House (43 - 21)
4/21 SB 25-206 Appropriates Funding for the Fiscal Year 2025-2026 Colorado State Budget Conference Report Adopted - House (43 - 21)
4/21 HB 1442 Establishes a State Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE) Task Force Concurrence Vote Passed - House (91 - 1)
4/21 HB 1442 Establishes a State Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE) Task Force Concurrence Vote Passed - House (91 - 1)
4/21 SF 513 Prohibits Courts from Ordering Parties Involved in a Dissolution of a Marriage to Pay a Post-Secondary Education Subsidy for Dependents Bill Passed - House (85 - 6)
4/17 HB 1008 Establishes a Commission to Analyze Possible County Secession from Illinois to Indiana Concurrence Vote Passed - House (64 - 23)
4/17 SB 1375 Requires County Recorders to Provide Free Public Access to Voter Information Rolls Through an Online Portal Bill Passed - House (32 - 25)
4/17 SB 1375 Requires County Recorders to Provide Free Public Access to Voter Information Rolls Through an Online Portal Bill Passed - House (32 - 25)
4/17 SB 1022 Increases the Limit for Cases Being Tried in Small Claims Court from $3,500 to $5,000 Bill Passed - House (32 - 23)
4/17 SJR 9 Establishes a Constitutional Amendment to Allow Minors and Certain Adults with Disabilities to Testify Remotely Against Their Alleged Abusers Joint Resolution Passed - House (87 - 6)
4/17 SF 311 Prohibits Police Citizen Review Boards Bill Passed - House (81 - 12)
4/17 HB 247 Amends the Name "Gulf of Mexico" to the "Gulf of America" Bill Passed - House (72 - 26)
4/17 AB 530 Authorizes the Clark County Commission to Continue Fuel Tax Increases Without Voter Approval Bill Passed - House (39 - 3)
4/17 HB 165 Establishes Juneteenth as a State Holiday Bill Passed - House (85 - 4)
4/17 HB 2 Appropriates $7.7 Billion for the State Education Budget Bill Passed - House (142 - 5)
4/17 AB 81 Exempts Nevada from Federal Laws Relating to Daylight Saving Time Bill Passed - House (27 - 15)
4/16 SB 1280 Requires the County Board of Supervisors or the Officer in Charge of Elections in a County to Send the Cast Vote Record to the Secretary of State within 48 Hours After the County's Canvass is Submitted Bill Passed - House (33 - 25)
4/16 SB 1280 Requires the County Board of Supervisors or the Officer in Charge of Elections in a County to Send the Cast Vote Record to the Secretary of State within 48 Hours After the County's Canvass is Submitted Bill Passed - House (33 - 25)
4/16 SB 1256 Prohibits State Agencies from Using Any Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) Programs for Purposes of Hiring, Training, or Promotion Bill Passed - House (33 - 25)
4/16 SB 1464 Requires the Arizona Department of Revenue to Notify the State Legislature of Tax Laws that Adversely Impact Residents Bill Passed - House (33 - 25)

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