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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Nov. 20, 2024 NC SB 382 Transfers $227 Million from North Carolina's Reserve Fund to the Helene Fund and Rescinds Election Board Appointment Powers from Governor to Auditor Conference Report Adopted - House (63 - 46)
Nov. 19, 2024 National HR 1449 Committing Leases for Energy Access Now (CLEAN) Act Bill Passed - House (244 - 171)
Oct. 24, 2024 MA S 2967 Reduces Clean Energy Infrastructure Permitting Requirements Conference Report Adopted - Senate (38 - 2)
Oct. 9, 2024 NC HB 149 Appropriates Emergency Funding for the Disaster Recovery Act Part I Conference Report Adopted - Senate (48 - 0)
Oct. 9, 2024 NC HB 149 Appropriates Emergency Funding for the Disaster Recovery Act Part I Conference Report Adopted - House (113 - 0)
Oct. 8, 2024 WV HB 208 Establishes a Comprehensive Radiation Control Act in West Virginia Concurrence Vote Passed - House (86 - 3)
Oct. 8, 2024 WV HB 208 Establishes a Comprehensive Radiation Control Act in West Virginia Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 5)
Sept. 25, 2024 MI SB 817 Appropriates Funding for Outdoor Recreation from the Michigan Natural Resources Trust Fund Bill Passed - House (99 - 10)
Sept. 24, 2024 National PN 1342 Nomination of Michael Sfraga of Alaska to be Ambassador at Large for Arctic Affairs Nomination Confirmed - Senate (55 - 36)
Sept. 24, 2024 National HR 8790 Fix Our Forests Act Bill Passed - House (268 - 151)
Sept. 24, 2024 National HR 7073 Next Generation Pipelines Research and Development Act Bill Passed - House (373 - 41)
Sept. 20, 2024 National H J Res 136 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Multi-Pollutant Emissions Standards for Model Years 2027 and Later Light-Duty and Medium-Duty Vehicles". Joint Resolution Passed - House (215 - 191)
Aug. 31, 2024 CA SB 219 Authorizes the State Board to Contract with a Climate Reporting Organization to Carry out the Above Described Actions that the State Board Deems Appropriate Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 4)
Aug. 30, 2024 CA SB 1053 Amends Codes on Solid Waste and Specifies What Constitutes a Recycled Carryout Bag Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 8)
Aug. 30, 2024 CA SB 1374 Amends Solar Energy Tax Credits Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 9)
Aug. 29, 2024 CA AB 347 Establishes Restrictions on PFAS Substances Concurrence Vote Passed - House (58 - 14)
Aug. 29, 2024 CA SB 1053 Amends Codes on Solid Waste and Specifies What Constitutes a Recycled Carryout Bag Bill Passed - House (56 - 7)
Aug. 29, 2024 CA SB 1374 Amends Solar Energy Tax Credits Bill Passed - House (48 - 9)
Aug. 28, 2024 CA AB 347 Establishes Restrictions on PFAS Substances Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 7)
Aug. 27, 2024 CA AB 3265 Establishes the California Environmental Quality Act Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
July 24, 2024 National HR 8998 Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2025 Bill Passed - House (210 - 205)
July 17, 2024 MA S 2838 Authorizes and Streamlines State Clean Energy Infrastructure Construction Bill Passed - House (131 - 25)
July 8, 2024 National HR 5441 Long Island Sound Restoration and Stewardship Reauthorization Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (333 - 51)
July 8, 2024 National HR 897 Alabama Underwater Forest National Marine Sanctuary and Protection Act Bill Passed - House (349 - 19)
July 8, 2024 PA HB 2241 Establishes a Disposal Protocol for Batteries To Encourage Recycling and Establishes Penalties for Improper Disposal Bill Passed - House (115 - 86)
June 27, 2024 DE HB 13 Requires the Director fo the Sustainable Energy Utiltiy to Administer a Financial Assistance Program to Help with the Installation of Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 6)
June 26, 2024 MI SB 571 Expands The Prevailing Wage Law to Cover the Construction of Clean Energy Facilities Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
June 26, 2024 DE HB 9 Requires All State Owned Passenger and Light Duty Vehicles be Zero Emission by 2040 Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 5)
June 26, 2024 NC HB 385 Establishes Regulations For Matters Relating To Energy And Environment Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 18)
June 26, 2024 MI SB 571 Expands The Prevailing Wage Law to Cover the Construction of Clean Energy Facilities Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
June 26, 2024 OH HB 308 Amends the Definition of Nuclear Energy to be Reclassified as Green Energy Bill Passed - House (87 - 10)
June 26, 2024 OH HB 79 Amends Energy Efficiency Standards Bill Passed - House (50 - 46)
June 25, 2024 MA S 2829 Expands the Use of Renewable Energy Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 2)
June 24, 2024 PA HB 1333 Amends the Stuffed Toy Manufacturing Act to Allow the Use of Recycled Materials Concurrence Vote Passed - House (154 - 48)
June 24, 2024 CA AB 1866 Requires the Cleanup of Idle Oil and Gas Wells Bill Passed - House (49 - 17)
June 20, 2024 MI HB 5028 Prohibits Homeowners Associations From Banning Energy-Saving Improvements or Solar Energy Systems Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
June 20, 2024 MA S 2830 Prohibits Single-Use Plastic Shopping Bags at Retail Shops Across the State Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 2)
June 17, 2024 VT H 289 Establishes a Renewable Energy Standard Veto Override Passed - House (102 - 43)
June 17, 2024 VT H 706 Prohibits the Use of Neonicotinoid Pesticides Veto Override Passed - Senate (20 - 9)
June 17, 2024 VT H 706 Prohibits the Use of Neonicotinoid Pesticides Veto Override Passed - House (114 - 31)
June 17, 2024 VT H 289 Establishes a Renewable Energy Standard Veto Override Passed - Senate (21 - 8)
June 13, 2024 RI H 7060 Requires 296-Acres in the Sapowet Marsh Management Area in Tiverton, Rhode Island be Designated for Outdoor Recreation Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 5)
June 12, 2024 RI S 2952 Establishes the Decarbonization Act of 2024 to Promote and Develop Benchmark Standards of Energy Performance Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 6)
June 11, 2024 DE HB 9 Requires All State Owned Passenger and Light Duty Vehicles be Zero Emission by 2040 Bill Passed - House (23 - 14)
June 11, 2024 RI H 7212 Authorizes Human Composting as an Alternative Form of Burial Bill Passed - House (52 - 20)
June 7, 2024 NY S 4246 Amends Various Laws Relating to Packaging Waste Liability in New York Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 23)
June 6, 2024 RI H 7060 Requires 296-Acres in the Sapowet Marsh Management Area in Tiverton, Rhode Island be Designated for Outdoor Recreation Bill Passed - House (53 - 9)
May 26, 2024 IL SB 1289 Establishes a New Regulatory Framework for Carbon-Sequestration Projects Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (43 - 12)
May 25, 2024 IL SB 1289 Establishes a New Regulatory Framework for Carbon-Sequestration Projects Bill Passed - House (78 - 29)
May 24, 2024 IL SB 3481 Requires Electric Vehicle Battery Storage Facilities Register with the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (44 - 15)
Date No. Title Outcome
11/20 SB 382 Transfers $227 Million from North Carolina's Reserve Fund to the Helene Fund and Rescinds Election Board Appointment Powers from Governor to Auditor Conference Report Adopted - House (63 - 46)
11/19 HR 1449 Committing Leases for Energy Access Now (CLEAN) Act Bill Passed - House (244 - 171)
10/24 S 2967 Reduces Clean Energy Infrastructure Permitting Requirements Conference Report Adopted - Senate (38 - 2)
10/09 HB 149 Appropriates Emergency Funding for the Disaster Recovery Act Part I Conference Report Adopted - Senate (48 - 0)
10/09 HB 149 Appropriates Emergency Funding for the Disaster Recovery Act Part I Conference Report Adopted - House (113 - 0)
10/08 HB 208 Establishes a Comprehensive Radiation Control Act in West Virginia Concurrence Vote Passed - House (86 - 3)
10/08 HB 208 Establishes a Comprehensive Radiation Control Act in West Virginia Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 5)
9/25 SB 817 Appropriates Funding for Outdoor Recreation from the Michigan Natural Resources Trust Fund Bill Passed - House (99 - 10)
9/24 PN 1342 Nomination of Michael Sfraga of Alaska to be Ambassador at Large for Arctic Affairs Nomination Confirmed - Senate (55 - 36)
9/24 HR 8790 Fix Our Forests Act Bill Passed - House (268 - 151)
9/24 HR 7073 Next Generation Pipelines Research and Development Act Bill Passed - House (373 - 41)
9/20 H J Res 136 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Multi-Pollutant Emissions Standards for Model Years 2027 and Later Light-Duty and Medium-Duty Vehicles". Joint Resolution Passed - House (215 - 191)
8/31 SB 219 Authorizes the State Board to Contract with a Climate Reporting Organization to Carry out the Above Described Actions that the State Board Deems Appropriate Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 4)
8/30 SB 1053 Amends Codes on Solid Waste and Specifies What Constitutes a Recycled Carryout Bag Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 8)
8/30 SB 1374 Amends Solar Energy Tax Credits Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 9)
8/29 AB 347 Establishes Restrictions on PFAS Substances Concurrence Vote Passed - House (58 - 14)
8/29 SB 1053 Amends Codes on Solid Waste and Specifies What Constitutes a Recycled Carryout Bag Bill Passed - House (56 - 7)
8/29 SB 1374 Amends Solar Energy Tax Credits Bill Passed - House (48 - 9)
8/28 AB 347 Establishes Restrictions on PFAS Substances Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 7)
8/27 AB 3265 Establishes the California Environmental Quality Act Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
7/24 HR 8998 Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2025 Bill Passed - House (210 - 205)
7/17 S 2838 Authorizes and Streamlines State Clean Energy Infrastructure Construction Bill Passed - House (131 - 25)
7/08 HR 5441 Long Island Sound Restoration and Stewardship Reauthorization Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (333 - 51)
7/08 HR 897 Alabama Underwater Forest National Marine Sanctuary and Protection Act Bill Passed - House (349 - 19)
7/08 HB 2241 Establishes a Disposal Protocol for Batteries To Encourage Recycling and Establishes Penalties for Improper Disposal Bill Passed - House (115 - 86)
6/27 HB 13 Requires the Director fo the Sustainable Energy Utiltiy to Administer a Financial Assistance Program to Help with the Installation of Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 6)
6/26 SB 571 Expands The Prevailing Wage Law to Cover the Construction of Clean Energy Facilities Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
6/26 HB 9 Requires All State Owned Passenger and Light Duty Vehicles be Zero Emission by 2040 Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 5)
6/26 HB 385 Establishes Regulations For Matters Relating To Energy And Environment Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 18)
6/26 SB 571 Expands The Prevailing Wage Law to Cover the Construction of Clean Energy Facilities Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
6/26 HB 308 Amends the Definition of Nuclear Energy to be Reclassified as Green Energy Bill Passed - House (87 - 10)
6/26 HB 79 Amends Energy Efficiency Standards Bill Passed - House (50 - 46)
6/25 S 2829 Expands the Use of Renewable Energy Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 2)
6/24 HB 1333 Amends the Stuffed Toy Manufacturing Act to Allow the Use of Recycled Materials Concurrence Vote Passed - House (154 - 48)
6/24 AB 1866 Requires the Cleanup of Idle Oil and Gas Wells Bill Passed - House (49 - 17)
6/20 HB 5028 Prohibits Homeowners Associations From Banning Energy-Saving Improvements or Solar Energy Systems Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
6/20 S 2830 Prohibits Single-Use Plastic Shopping Bags at Retail Shops Across the State Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 2)
6/17 H 289 Establishes a Renewable Energy Standard Veto Override Passed - House (102 - 43)
6/17 H 706 Prohibits the Use of Neonicotinoid Pesticides Veto Override Passed - Senate (20 - 9)
6/17 H 706 Prohibits the Use of Neonicotinoid Pesticides Veto Override Passed - House (114 - 31)
6/17 H 289 Establishes a Renewable Energy Standard Veto Override Passed - Senate (21 - 8)
6/13 H 7060 Requires 296-Acres in the Sapowet Marsh Management Area in Tiverton, Rhode Island be Designated for Outdoor Recreation Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 5)
6/12 S 2952 Establishes the Decarbonization Act of 2024 to Promote and Develop Benchmark Standards of Energy Performance Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 6)
6/11 HB 9 Requires All State Owned Passenger and Light Duty Vehicles be Zero Emission by 2040 Bill Passed - House (23 - 14)
6/11 H 7212 Authorizes Human Composting as an Alternative Form of Burial Bill Passed - House (52 - 20)
6/07 S 4246 Amends Various Laws Relating to Packaging Waste Liability in New York Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 23)
6/06 H 7060 Requires 296-Acres in the Sapowet Marsh Management Area in Tiverton, Rhode Island be Designated for Outdoor Recreation Bill Passed - House (53 - 9)
5/26 SB 1289 Establishes a New Regulatory Framework for Carbon-Sequestration Projects Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (43 - 12)
5/25 SB 1289 Establishes a New Regulatory Framework for Carbon-Sequestration Projects Bill Passed - House (78 - 29)
5/24 SB 3481 Requires Electric Vehicle Battery Storage Facilities Register with the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (44 - 15)
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