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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Oct. 8, 2025 National H J Res 105 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "North Dakota Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan". Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 47)
Oct. 8, 2025 OH HB 170 Establishes a Clearer Regulatory Framework for Carbon Capture and Sequestration Across the State Bill Passed - House (93 - 4)
Oct. 7, 2025 National H J Res 104 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Miles City Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment". Motion Agreed - Senate (50 - 47)
Oct. 3, 2025 MI SB 579 Authorizes the State to Continue Collecting Certain Environmental Fees Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
Oct. 2, 2025 MI SB 579 Authorizes the State to Continue Collecting Certain Environmental Fees Bill Passed - House (104 - 5)
Oct. 1, 2025 PA HB 1704 Requires Sellers to Disclose Flood Damage or Flood Risks Related to Property Bill Passed - House (203 - 0)
Sept. 30, 2025 MI HB 4695 Establishes Additional Powers for Recreational Authorities Bill Passed - House (96 - 2)
Sept. 16, 2025 National S J Res 60 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Emissions Budget and Allowance Allocations for Indiana Under the Revised Cross-State Air Pollution Rule Update". Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 51)
Sept. 13, 2025 CA SB 237 Authorizes Environmental Approvals for up to 2,000 New Wells Annually in Kern County Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 0)
Sept. 13, 2025 CA AB 825 Establishes the Independent System Operator as a Regional Organization Concurrence Vote Passed - House (74 - 1)
Sept. 13, 2025 CA SB 237 Authorizes Environmental Approvals for up to 2,000 New Wells Annually in Kern County Bill Passed - House (66 - 4)
Sept. 13, 2025 CA AB 825 Establishes the Independent System Operator as a Regional Organization Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 0)
Sept. 13, 2025 CA AB 888 Establishes a Grant for Low & Middle Income Homeowners in High Risk Fire Areas to Repair Homes Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
Sept. 12, 2025 CA AB 299 Authorizes Individuals Displaced by Disasters to Use Short-Term Rentals Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
Sept. 11, 2025 CA AB 245 Extends the Time that Individuals Have to Rebuild Their Home or Business Following Disaster Before Experiencing a Property Tax Increase Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
Sept. 11, 2025 CA AB 1 Requires Wildfire Regulations to be Updated Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
Sept. 10, 2025 CA AB 961 Extends the California Land Reuse and Revitalization Act of 2004 Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
Sept. 9, 2025 CA AB 14 Establishes a New Program that Protects Blue Whales and Blue Skies Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
Sept. 4, 2025 CA AB 1042 Authorizes the Department of Food and Agriculture to Establish and Oversee the Managed Honeybee Health Program Concurrence Vote Passed - House (78 - 0)
Sept. 4, 2025 CA SB 831 Expands the Duties of the Department of Conservation to Review Geologic Hazards that May Occur in Relation to Climate Change Bill Passed - House (65 - 2)
Sept. 4, 2025 MI SB 396 Amends the Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 7)
Sept. 3, 2025 CA SB 653 Establishes New Wildfire Prevention Measures Bill Passed - House (71 - 1)
Sept. 3, 2025 CA AB 1042 Authorizes the Department of Food and Agriculture to Establish and Oversee the Managed Honeybee Health Program Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
Sept. 3, 2025 National H J Res 104 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Miles City Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment". Joint Resolution Passed - House (211 - 208)
Sept. 3, 2025 National H J Res 105 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "North Dakota Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan". Joint Resolution Passed - House (215 - 211)
Sept. 3, 2025 National H J Res 106 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Central Yukon Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan". Joint Resolution Passed - House (215 - 210)
Aug. 21, 2025 TX SB 2 (Special Session) Requires the Texas Water Development Board to Identify High-Risk Flood Areas and Require Local Governments to Install Outdoor Warning Sirens in Those Locations Bill Passed - House (132 - 4)
Aug. 21, 2025 TX HB 1 (2nd Special Session) Requires Youth Camps to Submit Disaster Emergency Preparedness Plans Bill Passed - House (135 - 1)
Aug. 18, 2025 TX SB 5 (2nd Special Session) Appropriates Supplemental Funds for Disaster Relief and Preparedness Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 0)
Aug. 12, 2025 TX SB 3 (Special Session) Appropriates $200 Million to Cover the Projected 25% Non-Federal Matching Funds for FEMA Reimbursement Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 0)
Aug. 12, 2025 TX SB 13 (Special Session) Establishes Water Project Incentives Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 0)
Aug. 12, 2025 TX SB 1 (Special Session) Requires Youth Camps Located in 100-Year Floodplains to Develop and Carry Out Flood Evacuation Plans During Flood Warnings Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 0)
Aug. 12, 2025 TX SB 2 (Special Session) Requires the Texas Water Development Board to Identify High-Risk Flood Areas and Require Local Governments to Install Outdoor Warning Sirens in Those Locations Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 0)
Aug. 2, 2025 National PN 25-16 Nomination of Catherine Hanson to be Chief Financial Officer of the Environmental Protection Agency Nomination Confirmed - Senate (50 - 45)
July 29, 2025 NC SB 266 Repeals North Carolina's Interim 2030 Carbon-Reduction Mandate Veto Override Passed - House (74 - 46)
July 29, 2025 NC SB 266 Repeals North Carolina's Interim 2030 Carbon-Reduction Mandate Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 18)
July 23, 2025 National PN 25-53 Nomination of Aaron Szabo to be an Assistant Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency Nomination Confirmed - Senate (49 - 47)
July 23, 2025 National PN 25-53 Nomination of Aaron Szabo to be an Assistant Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency Cloture Invoked - Senate (48 - 47)
July 22, 2025 National HR 1917 Great Lakes Mass Marking Program Act Bill Passed - House (360 - 57)
July 14, 2025 National S 1596 Jocelyn Nungaray National Wildlife Refuge Act Bill Passed - House (372 - 0)
July 10, 2025 CA AB 642 Authorizes School Employees to Donate Leave to Coworkers Impacted by a Governor-Declared State of Emergency Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
July 3, 2025 CA AB 1459 Amends Regulations for Hazardous Waste in Underground Storage Tanks Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 0)
June 30, 2025 DE SB 159 Authorizes Renewable Energy Substations in Industrial Zones Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (15 - 6)
June 30, 2025 NJ S 4467 Authorizes the New Jersey Infrastructure Bank to Expand Sums to Make Loans for Environmental Infrastructure Projects in Fiscal Year 2026 Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
June 30, 2025 DE SB 159 Authorizes Renewable Energy Substations in Industrial Zones Bill Passed - House (25 - 15)
June 27, 2025 CA SB 127 Appropriates Funds for Climate Change Reform Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (29 - 9)
June 27, 2025 CA SB 127 Appropriates Funds for Climate Change Reform Bill Passed - House (58 - 19)
June 24, 2025 OR SB 83 Repeals a Map Which Identified Parts of Oregon as High Risk for Catastrophic Wildfires Bill Passed - House (50 - 1)
June 19, 2025 NC SB 266 Repeals North Carolina's Interim 2030 Carbon-Reduction Mandate Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (29 - 11)
June 17, 2025 NY S 6360 Amends and Clarifies Provisions Regarding the Use of Crossbows for Hunting Bill Passed - House (139 - 2)
Date No. Title Outcome
10/08 H J Res 105 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "North Dakota Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan". Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 47)
10/08 HB 170 Establishes a Clearer Regulatory Framework for Carbon Capture and Sequestration Across the State Bill Passed - House (93 - 4)
10/07 H J Res 104 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Miles City Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment". Motion Agreed - Senate (50 - 47)
10/03 SB 579 Authorizes the State to Continue Collecting Certain Environmental Fees Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
10/02 SB 579 Authorizes the State to Continue Collecting Certain Environmental Fees Bill Passed - House (104 - 5)
10/01 HB 1704 Requires Sellers to Disclose Flood Damage or Flood Risks Related to Property Bill Passed - House (203 - 0)
9/30 HB 4695 Establishes Additional Powers for Recreational Authorities Bill Passed - House (96 - 2)
9/16 S J Res 60 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Emissions Budget and Allowance Allocations for Indiana Under the Revised Cross-State Air Pollution Rule Update". Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 51)
9/13 SB 237 Authorizes Environmental Approvals for up to 2,000 New Wells Annually in Kern County Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 0)
9/13 AB 825 Establishes the Independent System Operator as a Regional Organization Concurrence Vote Passed - House (74 - 1)
9/13 SB 237 Authorizes Environmental Approvals for up to 2,000 New Wells Annually in Kern County Bill Passed - House (66 - 4)
9/13 AB 825 Establishes the Independent System Operator as a Regional Organization Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 0)
9/13 AB 888 Establishes a Grant for Low & Middle Income Homeowners in High Risk Fire Areas to Repair Homes Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
9/12 AB 299 Authorizes Individuals Displaced by Disasters to Use Short-Term Rentals Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
9/11 AB 245 Extends the Time that Individuals Have to Rebuild Their Home or Business Following Disaster Before Experiencing a Property Tax Increase Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
9/11 AB 1 Requires Wildfire Regulations to be Updated Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
9/10 AB 961 Extends the California Land Reuse and Revitalization Act of 2004 Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
9/09 AB 14 Establishes a New Program that Protects Blue Whales and Blue Skies Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
9/04 AB 1042 Authorizes the Department of Food and Agriculture to Establish and Oversee the Managed Honeybee Health Program Concurrence Vote Passed - House (78 - 0)
9/04 SB 831 Expands the Duties of the Department of Conservation to Review Geologic Hazards that May Occur in Relation to Climate Change Bill Passed - House (65 - 2)
9/04 SB 396 Amends the Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 7)
9/03 SB 653 Establishes New Wildfire Prevention Measures Bill Passed - House (71 - 1)
9/03 AB 1042 Authorizes the Department of Food and Agriculture to Establish and Oversee the Managed Honeybee Health Program Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
9/03 H J Res 104 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Miles City Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment". Joint Resolution Passed - House (211 - 208)
9/03 H J Res 105 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "North Dakota Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan". Joint Resolution Passed - House (215 - 211)
9/03 H J Res 106 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Central Yukon Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan". Joint Resolution Passed - House (215 - 210)
8/21 SB 2 (Special Session) Requires the Texas Water Development Board to Identify High-Risk Flood Areas and Require Local Governments to Install Outdoor Warning Sirens in Those Locations Bill Passed - House (132 - 4)
8/21 HB 1 (2nd Special Session) Requires Youth Camps to Submit Disaster Emergency Preparedness Plans Bill Passed - House (135 - 1)
8/18 SB 5 (2nd Special Session) Appropriates Supplemental Funds for Disaster Relief and Preparedness Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 0)
8/12 SB 3 (Special Session) Appropriates $200 Million to Cover the Projected 25% Non-Federal Matching Funds for FEMA Reimbursement Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 0)
8/12 SB 13 (Special Session) Establishes Water Project Incentives Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 0)
8/12 SB 1 (Special Session) Requires Youth Camps Located in 100-Year Floodplains to Develop and Carry Out Flood Evacuation Plans During Flood Warnings Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 0)
8/12 SB 2 (Special Session) Requires the Texas Water Development Board to Identify High-Risk Flood Areas and Require Local Governments to Install Outdoor Warning Sirens in Those Locations Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 0)
8/02 PN 25-16 Nomination of Catherine Hanson to be Chief Financial Officer of the Environmental Protection Agency Nomination Confirmed - Senate (50 - 45)
7/29 SB 266 Repeals North Carolina's Interim 2030 Carbon-Reduction Mandate Veto Override Passed - House (74 - 46)
7/29 SB 266 Repeals North Carolina's Interim 2030 Carbon-Reduction Mandate Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 18)
7/23 PN 25-53 Nomination of Aaron Szabo to be an Assistant Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency Nomination Confirmed - Senate (49 - 47)
7/23 PN 25-53 Nomination of Aaron Szabo to be an Assistant Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency Cloture Invoked - Senate (48 - 47)
7/22 HR 1917 Great Lakes Mass Marking Program Act Bill Passed - House (360 - 57)
7/14 S 1596 Jocelyn Nungaray National Wildlife Refuge Act Bill Passed - House (372 - 0)
7/10 AB 642 Authorizes School Employees to Donate Leave to Coworkers Impacted by a Governor-Declared State of Emergency Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
7/03 AB 1459 Amends Regulations for Hazardous Waste in Underground Storage Tanks Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 0)
6/30 SB 159 Authorizes Renewable Energy Substations in Industrial Zones Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (15 - 6)
6/30 S 4467 Authorizes the New Jersey Infrastructure Bank to Expand Sums to Make Loans for Environmental Infrastructure Projects in Fiscal Year 2026 Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
6/30 SB 159 Authorizes Renewable Energy Substations in Industrial Zones Bill Passed - House (25 - 15)
6/27 SB 127 Appropriates Funds for Climate Change Reform Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (29 - 9)
6/27 SB 127 Appropriates Funds for Climate Change Reform Bill Passed - House (58 - 19)
6/24 SB 83 Repeals a Map Which Identified Parts of Oregon as High Risk for Catastrophic Wildfires Bill Passed - House (50 - 1)
6/19 SB 266 Repeals North Carolina's Interim 2030 Carbon-Reduction Mandate Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (29 - 11)
6/17 S 6360 Amends and Clarifies Provisions Regarding the Use of Crossbows for Hunting Bill Passed - House (139 - 2)
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