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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Oct. 22, 2025 OH SB 156 Requires Teaching the Success Sequence Curriculum to Students Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 9)
Oct. 22, 2025 OH SB 156 Requires Teaching the Success Sequence Curriculum to Students Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 9)
Oct. 14, 2025 WI AB 5 Requires School Districts to Comply with Requests Within 14 days Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (18 - 15)
Oct. 14, 2025 WI AB 5 Requires School Districts to Comply with Requests Within 14 days Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (18 - 15)
Oct. 14, 2025 WI AB 2 Requires School Districts to Adopt Cell Phone Ban Policies Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 4)
Oct. 7, 2025 PA HB 1405 Amends the Public School Code to Provide for Career and Technical Teacher Certifications Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 0)
Oct. 7, 2025 PA HB 1405 Amends the Public School Code to Provide for Career and Technical Teacher Certifications Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 0)
Oct. 1, 2025 OH HB 57 Authorizes K-12 Schools to Store and Use Opioid Reversal Drugs (Naloxone) and Amends Authorizations for Religious Release Time Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 4)
Sept. 13, 2025 CA SB 848 Establishes Protections for Students Against School Employee Misconduct Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
Sept. 12, 2025 CA AB 1098 Establishes the California Education Interagency Council Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
Sept. 12, 2025 CA AB 1454 Establishes Missing Links to California's Comprehensive Early Literacy Reforms Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
Sept. 12, 2025 CA AB 1454 Establishes Missing Links to California's Comprehensive Early Literacy Reforms Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
Sept. 12, 2025 CA AB 715 Increases Protections Against Antisemitism and Other Forms of Discrimination in Schools Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 0)
Sept. 10, 2025 CA SB 640 Establishes a Direct Admission Program for In-State High School Students to be Admitted to a Designated California State University Campus Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
Sept. 10, 2025 CA SB 640 Establishes a Direct Admission Program for In-State High School Students to be Admitted to a Designated California State University Campus Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
Sept. 10, 2025 CA AB 419 Requires Educational Agencies to Post Certain Immigration Enforcement Information on Their Website and Administrative Buildings Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 8)
Sept. 10, 2025 MI SB 204 Requires School Districts to Establish Policies for School Building Closures Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 15)
Sept. 10, 2025 MI SB 204 Requires School Districts to Establish Policies for School Building Closures Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 15)
Sept. 9, 2025 CA AB 1400 Authorizes Select Community Colleges to Offer Baccalaureate Degree Programs in Nursing Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
Sept. 8, 2025 CA AB 1348 Expands the List of Reasons a School May Request Average Daily Attendance Credits to Include Immigration Enforcement Actions Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 8)
Sept. 8, 2025 CA AB 648 Exempts Community College Housing from Local Zoning Regulations Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 5)
Sept. 2, 2025 CA SB 98 Requires School Districts and Certain Universities to Notify Students, Faculty, and Other Campus Members When Federal Immigration Enforcement is Present Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 8)
Sept. 2, 2025 CA SB 98 Requires School Districts and Certain Universities to Notify Students, Faculty, and Other Campus Members When Federal Immigration Enforcement is Present Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 8)
Sept. 2, 2025 CA SB 98 Requires School Districts and Certain Universities to Notify Students, Faculty, and Other Campus Members When Federal Immigration Enforcement is Present Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 8)
Aug. 27, 2025 TX HB 8 Repeals the STAAR Academic Test and Replaces it With 3 Smaller Tests Taken Throughout the Year Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 5)
Aug. 27, 2025 TX HB 8 Repeals the STAAR Academic Test and Replaces it With 3 Smaller Tests Taken Throughout the Year Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 5)
Aug. 12, 2025 TX SB 8 (Special Session) Repeals the State of Texas Assessment of Academic Readiness (STAAR) Assessment Program Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 6)
Aug. 12, 2025 PA SB 160 Appropriates Funds for the General Operating Budget for Fiscal Year 2025-2026 Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 22)
Aug. 1, 2025 National PN 25-26 Nomination of Nicholas Kent to be Under Secretary of Education Nomination Confirmed - Senate (50 - 45)
July 31, 2025 National PN 25-26 Nomination of Nicholas Kent to be Under Secretary of Education Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 45)
July 31, 2025 MA S 2561 Requires All Public School Districts to Adopt Cell Phone Bans by the Beginning of the 2026-27 School Year Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 2)
July 31, 2025 MA S 2561 Requires All Public School Districts to Adopt Cell Phone Bans by the Beginning of the 2026-27 School Year Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 2)
July 29, 2025 NC SB 254 Authorizes the Charter Schools Review Board to Propose, Recommend, and Approve Rules and Policies Regarding all Aspects of Charter School Operation Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
July 29, 2025 NC SB 254 Authorizes the Charter Schools Review Board to Propose, Recommend, and Approve Rules and Policies Regarding all Aspects of Charter School Operation Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
July 29, 2025 NC SB 227 Prohibits Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Instruction in K-12 Education Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
July 29, 2025 NC SB 558 Prohibits Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Public Higher Education Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
July 29, 2025 NC SB 227 Prohibits the Teaching of "Divisive Concepts" in Public Schools Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
July 29, 2025 NC SB 227 Prohibits the Teaching of "Divisive Concepts" in Public Schools Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
July 29, 2025 NC SB 558 Prohibits the Promotion of "Divisive Concepts" and DEI at State Universities Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
July 29, 2025 NC HB 87 Authorizes the State to Participate in the One Big Beautiful Bill's Educational Choice Incentive Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
July 10, 2025 CA AB 642 Authorizes School Employees to Donate Leave to Coworkers Impacted by a Governor-Declared State of Emergency Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
July 3, 2025 CA AB 1034 Requires that Health Education Include a Basic Understanding of Youth Mental Health Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 0)
June 30, 2025 NJ A 1682 Requires Labor Movement History be Included in Social Studies Curriculum for Grades 6-12 Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 3)
June 30, 2025 NJ A 5309 Authorizes up to Three Credits of Continuing Medical Education on Menopause to be Used by Advanced Practice Nurses and Physicians for License Renewal Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
June 30, 2025 NJ A 3424 Establishes Program Requirements for School Counselor Certification Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
June 30, 2025 NJ A 4954 Requires Members of Historic Preservation Commissions to Take a Historic Preservation Planning Course Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 6)
June 30, 2025 NJ A 3424 Establishes Program Requirements for School Counselor Certification Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
June 30, 2025 DE HB 91 Appropriates $3.2 million for All Public Schools to Offer Free Breakfast, Regardless of a Student's Income Level Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 5)
June 30, 2025 NJ S 3910 Establishes The New Jersey Universal Preschool and Kindergarten Act Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
June 30, 2025 NJ S 3910 Establishes The New Jersey Universal Preschool and Kindergarten Act Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
Date No. Title Outcome
10/22 SB 156 Requires Teaching the Success Sequence Curriculum to Students Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 9)
10/22 SB 156 Requires Teaching the Success Sequence Curriculum to Students Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 9)
10/14 AB 5 Requires School Districts to Comply with Requests Within 14 days Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (18 - 15)
10/14 AB 5 Requires School Districts to Comply with Requests Within 14 days Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (18 - 15)
10/14 AB 2 Requires School Districts to Adopt Cell Phone Ban Policies Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 4)
10/07 HB 1405 Amends the Public School Code to Provide for Career and Technical Teacher Certifications Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 0)
10/07 HB 1405 Amends the Public School Code to Provide for Career and Technical Teacher Certifications Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 0)
10/01 HB 57 Authorizes K-12 Schools to Store and Use Opioid Reversal Drugs (Naloxone) and Amends Authorizations for Religious Release Time Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 4)
9/13 SB 848 Establishes Protections for Students Against School Employee Misconduct Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
9/12 AB 1098 Establishes the California Education Interagency Council Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
9/12 AB 1454 Establishes Missing Links to California's Comprehensive Early Literacy Reforms Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
9/12 AB 1454 Establishes Missing Links to California's Comprehensive Early Literacy Reforms Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
9/12 AB 715 Increases Protections Against Antisemitism and Other Forms of Discrimination in Schools Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 0)
9/10 SB 640 Establishes a Direct Admission Program for In-State High School Students to be Admitted to a Designated California State University Campus Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
9/10 SB 640 Establishes a Direct Admission Program for In-State High School Students to be Admitted to a Designated California State University Campus Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
9/10 AB 419 Requires Educational Agencies to Post Certain Immigration Enforcement Information on Their Website and Administrative Buildings Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 8)
9/10 SB 204 Requires School Districts to Establish Policies for School Building Closures Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 15)
9/10 SB 204 Requires School Districts to Establish Policies for School Building Closures Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 15)
9/09 AB 1400 Authorizes Select Community Colleges to Offer Baccalaureate Degree Programs in Nursing Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
9/08 AB 1348 Expands the List of Reasons a School May Request Average Daily Attendance Credits to Include Immigration Enforcement Actions Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 8)
9/08 AB 648 Exempts Community College Housing from Local Zoning Regulations Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 5)
9/02 SB 98 Requires School Districts and Certain Universities to Notify Students, Faculty, and Other Campus Members When Federal Immigration Enforcement is Present Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 8)
9/02 SB 98 Requires School Districts and Certain Universities to Notify Students, Faculty, and Other Campus Members When Federal Immigration Enforcement is Present Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 8)
9/02 SB 98 Requires School Districts and Certain Universities to Notify Students, Faculty, and Other Campus Members When Federal Immigration Enforcement is Present Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 8)
8/27 HB 8 Repeals the STAAR Academic Test and Replaces it With 3 Smaller Tests Taken Throughout the Year Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 5)
8/27 HB 8 Repeals the STAAR Academic Test and Replaces it With 3 Smaller Tests Taken Throughout the Year Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 5)
8/12 SB 8 (Special Session) Repeals the State of Texas Assessment of Academic Readiness (STAAR) Assessment Program Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 6)
8/12 SB 160 Appropriates Funds for the General Operating Budget for Fiscal Year 2025-2026 Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 22)
8/01 PN 25-26 Nomination of Nicholas Kent to be Under Secretary of Education Nomination Confirmed - Senate (50 - 45)
7/31 PN 25-26 Nomination of Nicholas Kent to be Under Secretary of Education Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 45)
7/31 S 2561 Requires All Public School Districts to Adopt Cell Phone Bans by the Beginning of the 2026-27 School Year Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 2)
7/31 S 2561 Requires All Public School Districts to Adopt Cell Phone Bans by the Beginning of the 2026-27 School Year Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 2)
7/29 SB 254 Authorizes the Charter Schools Review Board to Propose, Recommend, and Approve Rules and Policies Regarding all Aspects of Charter School Operation Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
7/29 SB 254 Authorizes the Charter Schools Review Board to Propose, Recommend, and Approve Rules and Policies Regarding all Aspects of Charter School Operation Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
7/29 SB 227 Prohibits Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Instruction in K-12 Education Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
7/29 SB 558 Prohibits Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Public Higher Education Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
7/29 SB 227 Prohibits the Teaching of "Divisive Concepts" in Public Schools Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
7/29 SB 227 Prohibits the Teaching of "Divisive Concepts" in Public Schools Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
7/29 SB 558 Prohibits the Promotion of "Divisive Concepts" and DEI at State Universities Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
7/29 HB 87 Authorizes the State to Participate in the One Big Beautiful Bill's Educational Choice Incentive Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
7/10 AB 642 Authorizes School Employees to Donate Leave to Coworkers Impacted by a Governor-Declared State of Emergency Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
7/03 AB 1034 Requires that Health Education Include a Basic Understanding of Youth Mental Health Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 0)
6/30 A 1682 Requires Labor Movement History be Included in Social Studies Curriculum for Grades 6-12 Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 3)
6/30 A 5309 Authorizes up to Three Credits of Continuing Medical Education on Menopause to be Used by Advanced Practice Nurses and Physicians for License Renewal Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
6/30 A 3424 Establishes Program Requirements for School Counselor Certification Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
6/30 A 4954 Requires Members of Historic Preservation Commissions to Take a Historic Preservation Planning Course Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 6)
6/30 A 3424 Establishes Program Requirements for School Counselor Certification Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
6/30 HB 91 Appropriates $3.2 million for All Public Schools to Offer Free Breakfast, Regardless of a Student's Income Level Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 5)
6/30 S 3910 Establishes The New Jersey Universal Preschool and Kindergarten Act Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
6/30 S 3910 Establishes The New Jersey Universal Preschool and Kindergarten Act Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
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