Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
March 3, 2025 National PN 11-10 Nomination of Linda McMahon to be Secretary of Education Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 45)
March 3, 2025 National S 9 Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act of 2025 Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (51 - 45)
March 3, 2025 GA SB 55 Repeals Exemptions to the State Minimum Wage for Employees with Disabilities Bill Passed - Senate (51 - 3)
March 3, 2025 MN HF 12 Prohibits Transgender Athletes from Participating in Girls Sports Teams Bill Failed - House (66 - 67)
March 3, 2025 WV SB 456 Defines "Men" and "Women" in State Code Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 1)
March 3, 2025 GA SB 74 Authorizes Librarians in Public Libraries, K-12 Schools, and Colleges to be Prosecuted if They Provide "Sexually Explicit Materials" to Minors Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 23)
March 3, 2025 GA SB 30 Prohibits Physicians from Prescribing Puberty-Blocking Drugs to Transgender Youth Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 19)
March 3, 2025 GA SB 185 Prohibits State Funding for Gender-Affirming Care for Prisoners Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 15)
March 1, 2025 NM HB 128 Establishes a $20 Million Fund to Provide Grants for Solar Energy and Battery Storage for Tribal, Rural and Low-Income Schools, Municipalities and Counties Bill Passed - House (43 - 22)
March 1, 2025 NM HB 128 Establishes a $20 Million Fund to Provide Grants for Solar Energy and Battery Storage for Tribal, Rural and Low-Income Schools, Municipalities and Counties Bill Passed - House (43 - 22)
Feb. 28, 2025 AK SB 87 Prohibits a Lawmaker's Salaries from Automatic Inflation Adjustment Bill Passed - House (36 - 0)
Feb. 28, 2025 NM HB 11 Authorizes Paid Family and Medical Leave for State Employees Bill Passed - House (38 - 31)
Feb. 27, 2025 National PN 11-10 Nomination of Linda McMahon to be Secretary of Education Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 47)
Feb. 27, 2025 IA SF 418 Prohibits the Recognition of Gender Identity as a Protected Class Bill Passed - House (60 - 36)
Feb. 27, 2025 IA SF 418 Prohibits the Recognition of Gender Identity as a Protected Class Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 15)
Feb. 27, 2025 MO SB 10 Repeals Expiration Dates from Restrictions on Transgender Youth Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 12)
Feb. 27, 2025 NM HJR 2 Repeals the Governor's Ability to Pocket Veto Joint Resolution Passed - House (66 - 0)
Feb. 27, 2025 NM HJR 2 Repeals the Governor's Ability to Pocket Veto Joint Resolution Passed - House (66 - 0)
Feb. 27, 2025 NM HJR 1 Amends and Updates the Length of the State's Legislative Sessions Joint Resolution Passed - House (59 - 4)
Feb. 27, 2025 GA HB 267 Prohibits Transgender Girls from Playing on Female Sports Teams Bill Passed - House (102 - 54)
Feb. 26, 2025 WY SF 62 Requires Students to Utilize Bathrooms Based on Sex at Birth Bill Passed - House (51 - 6)
Feb. 26, 2025 AR SB 17 Prohibits the Selling of a Human Corpse or Body Parts Set to be Cremated or Buried Bill Passed - House
Feb. 26, 2025 National PN 11-17 Nomination of Jamieson Greer to be U.S. Trade Representative Nomination Confirmed - Senate (56 - 43)
Feb. 26, 2025 AZ SB 1268 Require Hospitals to Question Patients on Legal Status in the United States Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 12)
Feb. 26, 2025 NM SB 175 Expands the State Free Childcare Program to All Families Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
Feb. 26, 2025 NM SB 175 Expands the State Free Childcare Program to All Families Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
Feb. 26, 2025 CO SB 25-024 Amends Plan for Expansion of State Judicial Branch Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 7)
Feb. 26, 2025 AZ SB 1464 Requires the Arizona Department of Revenue to Notify the State Legislature of Tax Laws that Adversely Impact Residents Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 11)
Feb. 25, 2025 National PN 12-12 Nomination of Daniel Driscoll to be Secretary of the Army Nomination Confirmed - Senate (66 - 28)
Feb. 25, 2025 National PN 11-10 Nomination of Linda McMahon to be Secretary of Education Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 47)
Feb. 25, 2025 RI S 63 Reduces Max Misdemeanor Sentences from One Year to 364 Days Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 5)
Feb. 25, 2025 NJ S 3773 Specifies that a Client Company is Solely Responsible for Complying with the Reporting Requirements Concerning a Separation from Employment Imposed by Employers Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
Feb. 25, 2025 SD SB 193 Authorizes an Applicant to have an Interpreter Present During the Driving Portion of a Driver License Exam Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 2)
Feb. 25, 2025 NJ S 3052 Authorizes Final Grades for Individuals Unable to Complete a Course of Higher Education Due to Military Obligation Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
Feb. 24, 2025 National PN 12-12 Nomination of Daniel Driscoll to be Secretary of the Army Cloture Invoked - Senate (66 - 28)
Feb. 24, 2025 AZ HB 2281 Establishes a Missing Indigenous Person Alert System Bill Passed - House (59 - 0)
Feb. 24, 2025 ND HCR 3013 A Concurrent Resolution Urging the U.S. Supreme Court Overturn Obergefell v. Hodges Joint Resolution Passed - House (52 - 40)
Feb. 24, 2025 ND HB 1600 Establishes an Immigration-Focused Law Clinic at the University of North Dakota Bill Passed - House (67 - 25)
Feb. 24, 2025 National HR 818 Small Business Procurement and Utilization Reform (SPUR) Act Bill Passed - House (384 - 25)
Feb. 22, 2025 VA SB 917 Authorizes State and Local Public Employees the Right to Collective Bargaining Conference Report Adopted - House (51 - 45)
Feb. 21, 2025 MT HB 400 Prohibits Discipline Against Students who Refuse to Use Peers' Preferred Names or Pronouns Bill Passed - House (56 - 42)
Feb. 21, 2025 ND HB 1408 Requires Annual Legislative Sessions Bill Passed - House (64 - 26)
Feb. 21, 2025 WV SB 139 Amends Policies for Filling Legislative Vacancies Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 0)
Feb. 20, 2025 National PN 12-35 Nomination of Kashyap Patel to be Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigations Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 49)
Feb. 20, 2025 National PN 12-35 Nomination of Kashyap Patel to be Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigations Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 47)
Feb. 20, 2025 VA HB 2743 Requires Prevailing Wage Rules on Any Project Involving Underground Infrastructure Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
Feb. 20, 2025 KS HB 2359 Establishes the Uniform Adult Guardianship and Protective Proceedings Jurisdiction Act and the Uniform Guardianship, Conservatorship and Other Protective Arrangements Act Bill Passed - House (89 - 34)
Feb. 20, 2025 KS HB 2359 Establishes the Uniform Adult Guardianship and Protective Proceedings Jurisdiction Act and the Uniform Guardianship, Conservatorship and Other Protective Arrangements Act Bill Passed - House (89 - 34)
Feb. 20, 2025 CO SB 25-004 Authorizes Parents to Request Refunds on Fees from Childcare Centers Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 12)
Feb. 20, 2025 KS HB 2101 Prohibits Municipalities from Adopting and Implementing a Guaranteed Income Program Bill Passed - House (86 - 37)
Feb. 20, 2025 IN SB 197 Establishes a Class C Misdemeanor to Use Public Land for Long-Term Shelter Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 8)
Feb. 20, 2025 OK HB 2728 Establishes Regulations for the Executive in Need of Scrutiny (REINS) Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (86 - 3)
Feb. 20, 2025 WA HB 1540 Expands Washington's Students Experiencing Homelessness Program Bill Passed - House (62 - 33)
Feb. 20, 2025 ND HB 1181 Defines Gender as Biological Sex Bill Passed - House (74 - 13)
Feb. 20, 2025 SD HB 1260 Requires that Birth Certificates and Certain Official Documents Reflect an Individual's Biological Sex Bill Failed - House (34 - 36)
Feb. 20, 2025 GA HB 85 Establishes Guidelines for Local Supplements for State Superior Court Judges Bill Passed - House (163 - 7)
Feb. 20, 2025 SD HB 1174 Amends Certain Provisions Related to the Rights and Obligations of a Father of a Child Born to an Unmarried Mother Bill Passed - House (65 - 5)
Feb. 20, 2025 WA HB 1540 Expands Washington's Students Experiencing Homelessness Program Bill Passed - House (62 - 33)
Feb. 20, 2025 WA HB 1720 Expands Medication Assistance to Residents in Community-Based Settings Bill Passed - House (97 - 0)
Feb. 20, 2025 GA HB 86 Establishes New Structure for State Judge Salaries Bill Passed - House (167 - 6)
Feb. 19, 2025 National PN 11-18 Nomination of Kelly Loeffler to be Administrator of the Small Business Administration Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 46)
Feb. 19, 2025 MI SB 8 Amends Timelines for State Minimum Wage Increases Bill Passed - House (69 - 40)
Feb. 19, 2025 VA HB 2356 Requires Prevailing Wage Levels for a Percentage of Job Slots for Apprentices Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 19)
Feb. 19, 2025 KS SB 79 Limits SNAP Benefits Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 11)
Feb. 19, 2025 NM HB 66 Increases the Cap on Legal Fees in Workers' Compensation Cases Bill Passed - House (36 - 22)
Feb. 19, 2025 AZ HB 2438 Prohibits Individuals from Changing Their Birth Certificates to Reflect Their Gender Identity Bill Passed - House (33 - 26)
Feb. 19, 2025 KS SB 79 Limits SNAP Benefits Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 11)
Feb. 19, 2025 SD HB 1259 Prohibits Unauthorized Access to Certain Multi-Occupancy Restrooms Bill Passed - House (49 - 21)
Feb. 18, 2025 KS SB 63 Prohibits Gender Affirming Care for Minors Veto Override Passed - Senate (31 - 9)
Feb. 18, 2025 KS SB 63 Prohibits Gender Affirming Care for Minors Veto Override Passed - House (84 - 35)
Feb. 18, 2025 National PN 11-9 Nomination of Howard Lutnick to be Secretary of Commerce Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 45)
Feb. 18, 2025 VA SB 1105 Establishes the Right to Access and Use FDA-Approved Contraceptives Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (21 - 19)
Feb. 18, 2025 CO HB 25-1058 Amends the Process when an Individual Pleads Not Guilty by Reason of Insanity Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 11)
Feb. 18, 2025 National PN 12-35 Nomination of Kashyap Patel to be Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigations Motion Agreed - Senate (48 - 45)
Feb. 18, 2025 AL SB 76 Exempts Nursing Mothers from Jury Duty Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 0)
Date No. Title Outcome
3/03 PN 11-10 Nomination of Linda McMahon to be Secretary of Education Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 45)
3/03 S 9 Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act of 2025 Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (51 - 45)
3/03 SB 55 Repeals Exemptions to the State Minimum Wage for Employees with Disabilities Bill Passed - Senate (51 - 3)
3/03 HF 12 Prohibits Transgender Athletes from Participating in Girls Sports Teams Bill Failed - House (66 - 67)
3/03 SB 456 Defines "Men" and "Women" in State Code Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 1)
3/03 SB 74 Authorizes Librarians in Public Libraries, K-12 Schools, and Colleges to be Prosecuted if They Provide "Sexually Explicit Materials" to Minors Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 23)
3/03 SB 30 Prohibits Physicians from Prescribing Puberty-Blocking Drugs to Transgender Youth Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 19)
3/03 SB 185 Prohibits State Funding for Gender-Affirming Care for Prisoners Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 15)
3/01 HB 128 Establishes a $20 Million Fund to Provide Grants for Solar Energy and Battery Storage for Tribal, Rural and Low-Income Schools, Municipalities and Counties Bill Passed - House (43 - 22)
3/01 HB 128 Establishes a $20 Million Fund to Provide Grants for Solar Energy and Battery Storage for Tribal, Rural and Low-Income Schools, Municipalities and Counties Bill Passed - House (43 - 22)
2/28 SB 87 Prohibits a Lawmaker's Salaries from Automatic Inflation Adjustment Bill Passed - House (36 - 0)
2/28 HB 11 Authorizes Paid Family and Medical Leave for State Employees Bill Passed - House (38 - 31)
2/27 PN 11-10 Nomination of Linda McMahon to be Secretary of Education Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 47)
2/27 SF 418 Prohibits the Recognition of Gender Identity as a Protected Class Bill Passed - House (60 - 36)
2/27 SF 418 Prohibits the Recognition of Gender Identity as a Protected Class Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 15)
2/27 SB 10 Repeals Expiration Dates from Restrictions on Transgender Youth Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 12)
2/27 HJR 2 Repeals the Governor's Ability to Pocket Veto Joint Resolution Passed - House (66 - 0)
2/27 HJR 2 Repeals the Governor's Ability to Pocket Veto Joint Resolution Passed - House (66 - 0)
2/27 HJR 1 Amends and Updates the Length of the State's Legislative Sessions Joint Resolution Passed - House (59 - 4)
2/27 HB 267 Prohibits Transgender Girls from Playing on Female Sports Teams Bill Passed - House (102 - 54)
2/26 SF 62 Requires Students to Utilize Bathrooms Based on Sex at Birth Bill Passed - House (51 - 6)
2/26 SB 17 Prohibits the Selling of a Human Corpse or Body Parts Set to be Cremated or Buried Bill Passed - House
2/26 PN 11-17 Nomination of Jamieson Greer to be U.S. Trade Representative Nomination Confirmed - Senate (56 - 43)
2/26 SB 1268 Require Hospitals to Question Patients on Legal Status in the United States Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 12)
2/26 SB 175 Expands the State Free Childcare Program to All Families Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
2/26 SB 175 Expands the State Free Childcare Program to All Families Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
2/26 SB 25-024 Amends Plan for Expansion of State Judicial Branch Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 7)
2/26 SB 1464 Requires the Arizona Department of Revenue to Notify the State Legislature of Tax Laws that Adversely Impact Residents Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 11)
2/25 PN 12-12 Nomination of Daniel Driscoll to be Secretary of the Army Nomination Confirmed - Senate (66 - 28)
2/25 PN 11-10 Nomination of Linda McMahon to be Secretary of Education Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 47)
2/25 S 63 Reduces Max Misdemeanor Sentences from One Year to 364 Days Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 5)
2/25 S 3773 Specifies that a Client Company is Solely Responsible for Complying with the Reporting Requirements Concerning a Separation from Employment Imposed by Employers Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
2/25 SB 193 Authorizes an Applicant to have an Interpreter Present During the Driving Portion of a Driver License Exam Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 2)
2/25 S 3052 Authorizes Final Grades for Individuals Unable to Complete a Course of Higher Education Due to Military Obligation Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
2/24 PN 12-12 Nomination of Daniel Driscoll to be Secretary of the Army Cloture Invoked - Senate (66 - 28)
2/24 HB 2281 Establishes a Missing Indigenous Person Alert System Bill Passed - House (59 - 0)
2/24 HCR 3013 A Concurrent Resolution Urging the U.S. Supreme Court Overturn Obergefell v. Hodges Joint Resolution Passed - House (52 - 40)
2/24 HB 1600 Establishes an Immigration-Focused Law Clinic at the University of North Dakota Bill Passed - House (67 - 25)
2/24 HR 818 Small Business Procurement and Utilization Reform (SPUR) Act Bill Passed - House (384 - 25)
2/22 SB 917 Authorizes State and Local Public Employees the Right to Collective Bargaining Conference Report Adopted - House (51 - 45)
2/21 HB 400 Prohibits Discipline Against Students who Refuse to Use Peers' Preferred Names or Pronouns Bill Passed - House (56 - 42)
2/21 HB 1408 Requires Annual Legislative Sessions Bill Passed - House (64 - 26)
2/21 SB 139 Amends Policies for Filling Legislative Vacancies Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 0)
2/20 PN 12-35 Nomination of Kashyap Patel to be Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigations Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 49)
2/20 PN 12-35 Nomination of Kashyap Patel to be Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigations Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 47)
2/20 HB 2743 Requires Prevailing Wage Rules on Any Project Involving Underground Infrastructure Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
2/20 HB 2359 Establishes the Uniform Adult Guardianship and Protective Proceedings Jurisdiction Act and the Uniform Guardianship, Conservatorship and Other Protective Arrangements Act Bill Passed - House (89 - 34)
2/20 HB 2359 Establishes the Uniform Adult Guardianship and Protective Proceedings Jurisdiction Act and the Uniform Guardianship, Conservatorship and Other Protective Arrangements Act Bill Passed - House (89 - 34)
2/20 SB 25-004 Authorizes Parents to Request Refunds on Fees from Childcare Centers Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 12)
2/20 HB 2101 Prohibits Municipalities from Adopting and Implementing a Guaranteed Income Program Bill Passed - House (86 - 37)
2/20 SB 197 Establishes a Class C Misdemeanor to Use Public Land for Long-Term Shelter Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 8)
2/20 HB 2728 Establishes Regulations for the Executive in Need of Scrutiny (REINS) Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (86 - 3)
2/20 HB 1540 Expands Washington's Students Experiencing Homelessness Program Bill Passed - House (62 - 33)
2/20 HB 1181 Defines Gender as Biological Sex Bill Passed - House (74 - 13)
2/20 HB 1260 Requires that Birth Certificates and Certain Official Documents Reflect an Individual's Biological Sex Bill Failed - House (34 - 36)
2/20 HB 85 Establishes Guidelines for Local Supplements for State Superior Court Judges Bill Passed - House (163 - 7)
2/20 HB 1174 Amends Certain Provisions Related to the Rights and Obligations of a Father of a Child Born to an Unmarried Mother Bill Passed - House (65 - 5)
2/20 HB 1540 Expands Washington's Students Experiencing Homelessness Program Bill Passed - House (62 - 33)
2/20 HB 1720 Expands Medication Assistance to Residents in Community-Based Settings Bill Passed - House (97 - 0)
2/20 HB 86 Establishes New Structure for State Judge Salaries Bill Passed - House (167 - 6)
2/19 PN 11-18 Nomination of Kelly Loeffler to be Administrator of the Small Business Administration Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 46)
2/19 SB 8 Amends Timelines for State Minimum Wage Increases Bill Passed - House (69 - 40)
2/19 HB 2356 Requires Prevailing Wage Levels for a Percentage of Job Slots for Apprentices Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 19)
2/19 SB 79 Limits SNAP Benefits Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 11)
2/19 HB 66 Increases the Cap on Legal Fees in Workers' Compensation Cases Bill Passed - House (36 - 22)
2/19 HB 2438 Prohibits Individuals from Changing Their Birth Certificates to Reflect Their Gender Identity Bill Passed - House (33 - 26)
2/19 SB 79 Limits SNAP Benefits Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 11)
2/19 HB 1259 Prohibits Unauthorized Access to Certain Multi-Occupancy Restrooms Bill Passed - House (49 - 21)
2/18 SB 63 Prohibits Gender Affirming Care for Minors Veto Override Passed - Senate (31 - 9)
2/18 SB 63 Prohibits Gender Affirming Care for Minors Veto Override Passed - House (84 - 35)
2/18 PN 11-9 Nomination of Howard Lutnick to be Secretary of Commerce Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 45)
2/18 SB 1105 Establishes the Right to Access and Use FDA-Approved Contraceptives Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (21 - 19)
2/18 HB 25-1058 Amends the Process when an Individual Pleads Not Guilty by Reason of Insanity Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 11)
2/18 PN 12-35 Nomination of Kashyap Patel to be Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigations Motion Agreed - Senate (48 - 45)
2/18 SB 76 Exempts Nursing Mothers from Jury Duty Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 0)

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