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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Nov. 19, 2025 National S J Res 76 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Extension of Deadlines in Standards of Performance for New, Reconstructed, and Modified Sources and Emissions Guidelines for Existing Sources: Oil and Natural Gas Sector Climate Review Final Rule" Motion Rejected - Senate (46 - 51)
Nov. 19, 2025 National S J Res 89 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Buffalo Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment" Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 47)
Nov. 19, 2025 OH SB 219 Amends Requirements for Plugging Orphaned Oil and Gas Wells Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 8)
Nov. 18, 2025 National S J Res 80 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska Integrated Activity Plan Record of Decision". Joint Resolution Passed - House (216 - 209)
Nov. 18, 2025 National PN 445-6 Nomination of Ho Nieh, of Alabama, to be a Member of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission for the remainder of the term expiring June 30, 2029, vice Christopher T. Hanson Cloture Invoked - Senate (65 - 32)
Nov. 18, 2025 National H J Res 130 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Buffalo Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment" Bill Passed - House (214 - 212)
Nov. 18, 2025 National H J Res 131 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Coastal Plain Oil and Gas Leasing Program Record of Decision" Bill Passed - House (217 - 209)
Nov. 4, 2025 MI HB 4421 Requires Officers of the Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy to Obtain a Warrant Before Entering Private Property Bill Passed - House (63 - 37)
Nov. 4, 2025 MI HB 4073 Requires Officers of the Department of Natural Resources to Obtain a Warrant Before Entering Private Property Bill Passed - House (63 - 37)
Nov. 4, 2025 MI HB 4421 Requires Officers of the Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy to Obtain a Warrant Before Entering Private Property Bill Passed - House (63 - 37)
Oct. 30, 2025 National S J Res 80 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska Integrated Activity Plan Record of Decision". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (52 - 45)
Oct. 30, 2025 MI SB 182 Appropriates $50 Million to the Michigan Department of Health for Emergency Food Assistance Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 4)
Oct. 29, 2025 National S J Res 80 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska Integrated Activity Plan Record of Decision". Motion Agreed - Senate (54 - 46)
Oct. 29, 2025 National S J Res 69 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service relating to "Record of Decision for the Barred Owl Management Strategy; Washington, Oregon, and California" Motion Rejected - Senate (25 - 72)
Oct. 22, 2025 PA SB 1068 Repeals Pennsylvania's Participation in the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 17)
Oct. 22, 2025 PA SB 1068 Repeals Pennsylvania's Participation in the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 17)
Oct. 21, 2025 MI SB 276 Increases Fees for Fishing and Hunting Licenses Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 13)
Oct. 21, 2025 MI SB 277 Appropriates Annually a Portion of the Revenue from the State Sales Tax to the Game and Fish Protection Account Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 14)
Oct. 9, 2025 National H J Res 106 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Central Yukon Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan". Motion Agreed - Senate (50 - 47)
Oct. 8, 2025 National H J Res 105 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "North Dakota Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 45)
Oct. 8, 2025 National H J Res 105 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "North Dakota Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan". Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 47)
Oct. 8, 2025 OH HB 170 Establishes a Clearer Regulatory Framework for Carbon Capture and Sequestration Across the State Bill Passed - House (93 - 4)
Oct. 8, 2025 National S J Res 71 A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared with respect to energy. Joint Resolution Failed - Senate (47 - 51)
Oct. 7, 2025 National H J Res 104 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Miles City Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment". Motion Agreed - Senate (50 - 47)
Oct. 3, 2025 MI SB 579 Authorizes the State to Continue Collecting Certain Environmental Fees Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
Oct. 3, 2025 MI HB 4182 Exempts the Storage, Use, or Consumption of Motor Fuel, Alternative Fuel, and Leaded Racing Fuel from Use Tax Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 5)
Oct. 3, 2025 MI HB 4181 Repeals the Sales Tax on Gas and Airline Fuel Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 5)
Oct. 2, 2025 MI SB 579 Authorizes the State to Continue Collecting Certain Environmental Fees Bill Passed - House (104 - 5)
Oct. 1, 2025 PA HB 1704 Requires Sellers to Disclose Flood Damage or Flood Risks Related to Property Bill Passed - House (203 - 0)
Sept. 30, 2025 MI HB 4695 Establishes Additional Powers for Recreational Authorities Bill Passed - House (96 - 2)
Sept. 30, 2025 MI HB 4695 Establishes Additional Powers for Recreational Authorities Bill Passed - House (96 - 2)
Sept. 29, 2025 PA HB 97 Establishes Regulations Regarding Pets in Division of Property Proceedings Bill Passed - House (121 - 82)
Sept. 18, 2025 National HR 3015 National Coal Council Reestablishment Act Bill Passed - House (217 - 209)
Sept. 18, 2025 National HR 3015 National Coal Council Reestablishment Act Bill Passed - House (217 - 209)
Sept. 18, 2025 National HR 1047 Guaranteeing Reliability through the Interconnection of Dispatchable (GRID) Power Act Bill Passed - House (216 - 206)
Sept. 17, 2025 MI HB 4595 Authorizes the MLCC to Issue a Specially Designated Merchant (SDM) License to a Grocery Store on Land Owned by Schoolcraft College Bill Passed - House (90 - 7)
Sept. 16, 2025 National S J Res 60 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Emissions Budget and Allowance Allocations for Indiana Under the Revised Cross-State Air Pollution Rule Update". Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 51)
Sept. 13, 2025 CA AB 825 Establishes the Independent System Operator as a Regional Organization Concurrence Vote Passed - House (74 - 1)
Sept. 13, 2025 CA SB 237 Authorizes Environmental Approvals for up to 2,000 New Wells Annually in Kern County Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 0)
Sept. 13, 2025 CA AB 825 Establishes the Independent System Operator as a Regional Organization Concurrence Vote Passed - House (74 - 1)
Sept. 13, 2025 CA AB 825 Establishes the Independent System Operator as a Regional Organization Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 0)
Sept. 13, 2025 CA AB 825 Establishes the Independent System Operator as a Regional Organization Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 0)
Sept. 13, 2025 CA SB 237 Authorizes Environmental Approvals for up to 2,000 New Wells Annually in Kern County Bill Passed - House (66 - 4)
Sept. 13, 2025 CA AB 888 Establishes a Grant for Low & Middle Income Homeowners in High Risk Fire Areas to Repair Homes Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
Sept. 12, 2025 CA SB 500 Authorizes Utilities to Provide Energy Use Data Via an Approved Alternative System or Tool Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (34 - 0)
Sept. 12, 2025 CA AB 299 Authorizes Individuals Displaced by Disasters to Use Short-Term Rentals Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
Sept. 11, 2025 CA AB 245 Extends the Time that Individuals Have to Rebuild Their Home or Business Following Disaster Before Experiencing a Property Tax Increase Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
Sept. 11, 2025 CA AB 1 Requires Wildfire Regulations to be Updated Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
Sept. 11, 2025 CA AB 1 Requires Wildfire Regulations to be Updated Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
Sept. 10, 2025 CA AB 1167 Requires Utility Regulators to Enforce Monetary Penalties on Investor-Owned Utility Companies Concurrence Vote Passed - House (50 - 8)
Date No. Title Outcome
11/19 S J Res 76 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Extension of Deadlines in Standards of Performance for New, Reconstructed, and Modified Sources and Emissions Guidelines for Existing Sources: Oil and Natural Gas Sector Climate Review Final Rule" Motion Rejected - Senate (46 - 51)
11/19 S J Res 89 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Buffalo Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment" Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 47)
11/19 SB 219 Amends Requirements for Plugging Orphaned Oil and Gas Wells Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 8)
11/18 S J Res 80 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska Integrated Activity Plan Record of Decision". Joint Resolution Passed - House (216 - 209)
11/18 PN 445-6 Nomination of Ho Nieh, of Alabama, to be a Member of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission for the remainder of the term expiring June 30, 2029, vice Christopher T. Hanson Cloture Invoked - Senate (65 - 32)
11/18 H J Res 130 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Buffalo Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment" Bill Passed - House (214 - 212)
11/18 H J Res 131 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Coastal Plain Oil and Gas Leasing Program Record of Decision" Bill Passed - House (217 - 209)
11/04 HB 4421 Requires Officers of the Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy to Obtain a Warrant Before Entering Private Property Bill Passed - House (63 - 37)
11/04 HB 4073 Requires Officers of the Department of Natural Resources to Obtain a Warrant Before Entering Private Property Bill Passed - House (63 - 37)
11/04 HB 4421 Requires Officers of the Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy to Obtain a Warrant Before Entering Private Property Bill Passed - House (63 - 37)
10/30 S J Res 80 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska Integrated Activity Plan Record of Decision". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (52 - 45)
10/30 SB 182 Appropriates $50 Million to the Michigan Department of Health for Emergency Food Assistance Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 4)
10/29 S J Res 80 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska Integrated Activity Plan Record of Decision". Motion Agreed - Senate (54 - 46)
10/29 S J Res 69 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service relating to "Record of Decision for the Barred Owl Management Strategy; Washington, Oregon, and California" Motion Rejected - Senate (25 - 72)
10/22 SB 1068 Repeals Pennsylvania's Participation in the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 17)
10/22 SB 1068 Repeals Pennsylvania's Participation in the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 17)
10/21 SB 276 Increases Fees for Fishing and Hunting Licenses Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 13)
10/21 SB 277 Appropriates Annually a Portion of the Revenue from the State Sales Tax to the Game and Fish Protection Account Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 14)
10/09 H J Res 106 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Central Yukon Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan". Motion Agreed - Senate (50 - 47)
10/08 H J Res 105 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "North Dakota Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 45)
10/08 H J Res 105 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "North Dakota Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan". Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 47)
10/08 HB 170 Establishes a Clearer Regulatory Framework for Carbon Capture and Sequestration Across the State Bill Passed - House (93 - 4)
10/08 S J Res 71 A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared with respect to energy. Joint Resolution Failed - Senate (47 - 51)
10/07 H J Res 104 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Miles City Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment". Motion Agreed - Senate (50 - 47)
10/03 SB 579 Authorizes the State to Continue Collecting Certain Environmental Fees Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
10/03 HB 4182 Exempts the Storage, Use, or Consumption of Motor Fuel, Alternative Fuel, and Leaded Racing Fuel from Use Tax Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 5)
10/03 HB 4181 Repeals the Sales Tax on Gas and Airline Fuel Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 5)
10/02 SB 579 Authorizes the State to Continue Collecting Certain Environmental Fees Bill Passed - House (104 - 5)
10/01 HB 1704 Requires Sellers to Disclose Flood Damage or Flood Risks Related to Property Bill Passed - House (203 - 0)
9/30 HB 4695 Establishes Additional Powers for Recreational Authorities Bill Passed - House (96 - 2)
9/30 HB 4695 Establishes Additional Powers for Recreational Authorities Bill Passed - House (96 - 2)
9/29 HB 97 Establishes Regulations Regarding Pets in Division of Property Proceedings Bill Passed - House (121 - 82)
9/18 HR 3015 National Coal Council Reestablishment Act Bill Passed - House (217 - 209)
9/18 HR 3015 National Coal Council Reestablishment Act Bill Passed - House (217 - 209)
9/18 HR 1047 Guaranteeing Reliability through the Interconnection of Dispatchable (GRID) Power Act Bill Passed - House (216 - 206)
9/17 HB 4595 Authorizes the MLCC to Issue a Specially Designated Merchant (SDM) License to a Grocery Store on Land Owned by Schoolcraft College Bill Passed - House (90 - 7)
9/16 S J Res 60 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Emissions Budget and Allowance Allocations for Indiana Under the Revised Cross-State Air Pollution Rule Update". Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 51)
9/13 AB 825 Establishes the Independent System Operator as a Regional Organization Concurrence Vote Passed - House (74 - 1)
9/13 SB 237 Authorizes Environmental Approvals for up to 2,000 New Wells Annually in Kern County Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 0)
9/13 AB 825 Establishes the Independent System Operator as a Regional Organization Concurrence Vote Passed - House (74 - 1)
9/13 AB 825 Establishes the Independent System Operator as a Regional Organization Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 0)
9/13 AB 825 Establishes the Independent System Operator as a Regional Organization Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 0)
9/13 SB 237 Authorizes Environmental Approvals for up to 2,000 New Wells Annually in Kern County Bill Passed - House (66 - 4)
9/13 AB 888 Establishes a Grant for Low & Middle Income Homeowners in High Risk Fire Areas to Repair Homes Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
9/12 SB 500 Authorizes Utilities to Provide Energy Use Data Via an Approved Alternative System or Tool Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (34 - 0)
9/12 AB 299 Authorizes Individuals Displaced by Disasters to Use Short-Term Rentals Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
9/11 AB 245 Extends the Time that Individuals Have to Rebuild Their Home or Business Following Disaster Before Experiencing a Property Tax Increase Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
9/11 AB 1 Requires Wildfire Regulations to be Updated Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
9/11 AB 1 Requires Wildfire Regulations to be Updated Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
9/10 AB 1167 Requires Utility Regulators to Enforce Monetary Penalties on Investor-Owned Utility Companies Concurrence Vote Passed - House (50 - 8)
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