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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
June 24, 2025 National H Res 537 Impeaching Donald J. Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors Resolution Tabled - House (344 - 79)
June 12, 2025 National HR 2056 District of Columbia Federal Immigration Compliance Act Bill Passed - House (224 - 194)
June 9, 2025 National H Res 488 Denouncing the antisemitic terrorist attack in Boulder, Colorado Resolution Passed - House (280 - 113)
June 9, 2025 National H Res 481 Condemning the rise in ideologically motivated attacks on Jewish individuals in the United States, including the recent violent assault in Boulder, Colorado, and reaffirming the House of Representatives commitment to combatting antisemitism and politically motivated violence Resolution Passed - House (400 - 0)
June 5, 2025 National HR 2931 Save SBA from Sanctuary Cities Act Bill Passed - House (211 - 199)
May 19, 2025 National HR 1286 Simplifying Forms for Veterans Claims Act Bill Passed - House (386 - 1)
May 7, 2025 National HR 1503 Stop Forced Organ Harvesting Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (406 - 1)
May 5, 2025 National HR 530 ACES Act Bill Passed - House (376 - 5)
May 5, 2025 National HR 530 ACES Act Bill Passed - House (376 - 5)
April 9, 2025 National HR 1228 Prioritizing Veterans' Survivors Act Bill Passed - House (424 - 0)
April 9, 2025 National HR 1526 No Rogue Rulings Act (NORRA) Bill Passed - House (219 - 213)
April 7, 2025 National HR 1039 Clear Communication for Veterans Claims Act Bill Passed - House (412 - 0)
April 7, 2025 National HR 586 Vietnam Veterans Liver Fluke Cancer Study Act Bill Passed - House (411 - 0)
March 11, 2025 National HR 1156 Pandemic Unemployment Fraud Enforcement Act Bill Passed - House (295 - 127)
March 10, 2025 National HR 495 Subterranean Border Defense Act Bill Passed - House (402 - 1)
March 10, 2025 National HR 993 Emerging Innovative Border Technologies Act Bill Passed - House (406 - 9)
March 6, 2025 National H Res 189 Censuring Representative Al Green of Texas. Resolution Passed - House (224 - 198)
March 5, 2025 National H Res 189 Censuring Representative Al Green of Texas. Resolution Not Tabled - House (209 - 211)
Feb. 24, 2025 National HR 818 Small Business Procurement and Utilization Reform (SPUR) Act Bill Passed - House (384 - 25)
Feb. 13, 2025 National HR 35 Agent Raul Gonzalez Officer Safety Act Bill Passed - House (264 - 155)
Feb. 12, 2025 National HR 77 Midnight Rules Relief Act Bill Passed - House (212 - 208)
Feb. 4, 2025 National HR 43 Alaska Native Village Municipal Lands Restoration Act Bill Passed - House (412 - 1)
Jan. 22, 2025 National S 5 Laken Riley Act Bill Passed - House (263 - 156)
Jan. 16, 2025 National HR 30 Preventing Violence Against Women by Illegal Aliens Act Bill Passed - House (274 - 145)
Jan. 16, 2025 National HR 30 Preventing Violence Against Women by Illegal Aliens Act Bill Passed - House (274 - 145)
Jan. 14, 2025 National HR 28 Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act Bill Passed - House (218 - 206)
Jan. 14, 2025 National HR 28 Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act Bill Passed - House (218 - 206)
Jan. 7, 2025 National HR 29 Laken Riley Act Bill Passed - House (264 - 159)
Jan. 3, 2025 National H Res 5 Adopting the Rules of the House of Representatives for the One Hundred Nineteenth Congress, and for other purposes. Resolution Passed - House (215 - 209)
Dec. 18, 2024 National S 3857 Jamul Indian Village Land Transfer Act Bill Passed - House (369 - 37)
Dec. 17, 2024 National HR 1101 Lumbee Fairness Act Bill Passed - House (311 - 96)
Dec. 16, 2024 National S 141 Senator Elizabeth Dole 21st Century Veterans Healthcare and Benefits Improvement Act Bill Passed - House (382 - 12)
Dec. 12, 2024 National S 4199 Judicial Understaffing Delays Getting Emergencies Solved (JUDGES) Act Bill Passed - House (236 - 173)
Nov. 21, 2024 National H Res 915 Urging the Government of Ukraine to review and modify its decision to suspend adoption by foreign nationals with a view to resuming such adoptions, particularly in cases where the mutual concerns of the Governments of Ukraine and of the United States can be substantially addressed. Resolution Passed - House (372 - 6)
Nov. 18, 2024 National HR 8371 Senator Elizabeth Dole 21st Century Veterans Healthcare and Benefits Improvement Act Bill Passed - House (389 - 9)
Nov. 12, 2024 National HR 82 Social Security Fairness Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (327 - 75)
Sept. 20, 2024 National HR 5717 No Bailout for Sanctuary Cities Act Bill Passed - House (219 - 186)
Sept. 20, 2024 National HR 9106 Enhanced Presidential Security Act of 2024 Bill Passed - House (405 - 0)
Sept. 18, 2024 National S 1146 Find and Protect Foster Youth Act Bill Passed - House (408 - 7)
Sept. 18, 2024 National HR 9076 Supporting America's Children and Families Act Bill Passed - House (405 - 10)
Sept. 18, 2024 National HR 5339 RETIRE Act Bill Passed - House (217 - 206)
Sept. 18, 2024 National HR 7909 Violence Against Women by Illegal Aliens Act Bill Passed - House (266 - 158)
Sept. 18, 2024 National HR 7909 Violence Against Women by Illegal Aliens Act Bill Passed - House (266 - 158)
Sept. 17, 2024 National S 2861 Billie Jean King Congressional Gold Medal Act Bill Passed - House (308 - 87)
July 25, 2024 National H Res 1371 Strongly condemning the Biden Administration and its Border Czar, Kamala Harris's, failure to secure the United States border. Resolution Passed - House (220 - 196)
July 24, 2024 National H Res 1367 Establishing the Task Force on the Attempted Assassination of Donald J. Trump. Resolution Passed - House (416 - 0)
July 23, 2024 National S 227 Improving Access to Our Courts Act Bill Passed - House (404 - 3)
July 23, 2024 National HR 7887 Allowing Contractors to Choose Employees for Select Skills (ACCESS) Act Bill Failed - House (178 - 234)
July 11, 2024 National HR 8772 Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 2025 Bill Failed - House (205 - 213)
July 11, 2024 National H J Res 165 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Education relating to "Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Receiving Federal Financial Assistance". Joint Resolution Passed - House (210 - 205)
July 11, 2024 National H Res 1344 Finding that Merrick Garland, Attorney General of the United States, is in contempt of the House of Representatives for disobeying a certain subpoena. Joint Resolution Failed - House (204 - 210)
June 25, 2024 National HR 7152 Divided Families National Registry Act Bill Passed - House (375 - 8)
June 25, 2024 National HR 2789 American Cooperation with Our Neighbors Act Bill Passed - House (368 - 19)
June 14, 2024 National HR 8070 Servicemember Quality of Life Improvement and National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2025 Bill Passed - House (217 - 199)
June 12, 2024 National H Res 1292 Recommending that the House of Representatives find United States Attorney General Merrick B. Garland in Contempt of Congress for Refusal to Comply with a Subpoena Duly Issued by the Committee on the Judiciary Resolution Passed - House (216 - 207)
June 12, 2024 National H Res 1292 Recommending that the House of Representatives find United States Attorney General Merrick B. Garland in Contempt of Congress for Refusal to Comply with a Subpoena Duly Issued by the Committee on the Judiciary Resolution Passed - House (216 - 207)
May 23, 2024 National HR 192 To prohibit individuals who are not citizens of the United States from voting in elections in the District of Columbia Bill Passed - House (262 - 143)
May 16, 2024 National HR 8146 Police Our Border Act Bill Passed - House (254 - 157)
May 15, 2024 National HR 7343 Detain and Deport Illegal Aliens Who Assault Cops Act Bill Passed - House (265 - 148)
May 15, 2024 National H Res 1210 Condemning the Biden border crisis and the tremendous burdens law enforcement officers face as a result. Resolution Passed - House (223 - 185)
May 15, 2024 National HR 4581 Maternal and Child Health Stillbirth Prevention Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (408 - 3)
May 8, 2024 National H Res 1209 Declaring the office of Speaker of the House of Representatives to be vacant. Resolution Tabled - House (359 - 43)
May 8, 2024 National HR 4143 National Construction Safety Team Enhancement Act Bill Passed - House (358 - 41)
May 8, 2024 National HR 7109 Equal Representation Act Bill Passed - House (206 - 202)
May 6, 2024 National HR 7525 Special District Grant Accessibility Act Bill Passed - House (352 - 27)
May 1, 2024 National H Res 1112 Denouncing the Biden administration's immigration policies. Resolution Passed - House (223 - 191)
April 30, 2024 National HR 3738 Veterans Economic Opportunity and Transition Administration Act Bill Passed - House (403 - 10)
April 30, 2024 National HR 1767 Student Veteran Benefit Restoration Act Bill Passed - House (406 - 6)
April 20, 2024 National HR 3602 End the Border Catastrophe Act Bill Failed - House (215 - 199)
April 11, 2024 National S 382 Puyallup Tribe of Indians Land Into Trust Confirmation Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (301 - 15)
March 12, 2024 National H Res 1065 Denouncing the Biden administration's immigration policies. Resolution Passed - House (226 - 193)
March 5, 2024 National HR 3838 Preventing Maternal Deaths Reauthorization Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (382 - 12)
Feb. 29, 2024 National HR 7102 Native American Entrepreneurial Opportunity Act Bill Passed - House (402 - 16)
Feb. 13, 2024 National H Res 863 Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors Resolution Passed - House (214 - 213)
Feb. 13, 2024 National H Res 863 Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors Resolution Passed - House (214 - 213)
Date No. Title Outcome
6/24 H Res 537 Impeaching Donald J. Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors Resolution Tabled - House (344 - 79)
6/12 HR 2056 District of Columbia Federal Immigration Compliance Act Bill Passed - House (224 - 194)
6/09 H Res 488 Denouncing the antisemitic terrorist attack in Boulder, Colorado Resolution Passed - House (280 - 113)
6/09 H Res 481 Condemning the rise in ideologically motivated attacks on Jewish individuals in the United States, including the recent violent assault in Boulder, Colorado, and reaffirming the House of Representatives commitment to combatting antisemitism and politically motivated violence Resolution Passed - House (400 - 0)
6/05 HR 2931 Save SBA from Sanctuary Cities Act Bill Passed - House (211 - 199)
5/19 HR 1286 Simplifying Forms for Veterans Claims Act Bill Passed - House (386 - 1)
5/07 HR 1503 Stop Forced Organ Harvesting Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (406 - 1)
5/05 HR 530 ACES Act Bill Passed - House (376 - 5)
5/05 HR 530 ACES Act Bill Passed - House (376 - 5)
4/09 HR 1228 Prioritizing Veterans' Survivors Act Bill Passed - House (424 - 0)
4/09 HR 1526 No Rogue Rulings Act (NORRA) Bill Passed - House (219 - 213)
4/07 HR 1039 Clear Communication for Veterans Claims Act Bill Passed - House (412 - 0)
4/07 HR 586 Vietnam Veterans Liver Fluke Cancer Study Act Bill Passed - House (411 - 0)
3/11 HR 1156 Pandemic Unemployment Fraud Enforcement Act Bill Passed - House (295 - 127)
3/10 HR 495 Subterranean Border Defense Act Bill Passed - House (402 - 1)
3/10 HR 993 Emerging Innovative Border Technologies Act Bill Passed - House (406 - 9)
3/06 H Res 189 Censuring Representative Al Green of Texas. Resolution Passed - House (224 - 198)
3/05 H Res 189 Censuring Representative Al Green of Texas. Resolution Not Tabled - House (209 - 211)
2/24 HR 818 Small Business Procurement and Utilization Reform (SPUR) Act Bill Passed - House (384 - 25)
2/13 HR 35 Agent Raul Gonzalez Officer Safety Act Bill Passed - House (264 - 155)
2/12 HR 77 Midnight Rules Relief Act Bill Passed - House (212 - 208)
2/04 HR 43 Alaska Native Village Municipal Lands Restoration Act Bill Passed - House (412 - 1)
1/22 S 5 Laken Riley Act Bill Passed - House (263 - 156)
1/16 HR 30 Preventing Violence Against Women by Illegal Aliens Act Bill Passed - House (274 - 145)
1/16 HR 30 Preventing Violence Against Women by Illegal Aliens Act Bill Passed - House (274 - 145)
1/14 HR 28 Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act Bill Passed - House (218 - 206)
1/14 HR 28 Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act Bill Passed - House (218 - 206)
1/07 HR 29 Laken Riley Act Bill Passed - House (264 - 159)
1/03 H Res 5 Adopting the Rules of the House of Representatives for the One Hundred Nineteenth Congress, and for other purposes. Resolution Passed - House (215 - 209)
12/18 S 3857 Jamul Indian Village Land Transfer Act Bill Passed - House (369 - 37)
12/17 HR 1101 Lumbee Fairness Act Bill Passed - House (311 - 96)
12/16 S 141 Senator Elizabeth Dole 21st Century Veterans Healthcare and Benefits Improvement Act Bill Passed - House (382 - 12)
12/12 S 4199 Judicial Understaffing Delays Getting Emergencies Solved (JUDGES) Act Bill Passed - House (236 - 173)
11/21 H Res 915 Urging the Government of Ukraine to review and modify its decision to suspend adoption by foreign nationals with a view to resuming such adoptions, particularly in cases where the mutual concerns of the Governments of Ukraine and of the United States can be substantially addressed. Resolution Passed - House (372 - 6)
11/18 HR 8371 Senator Elizabeth Dole 21st Century Veterans Healthcare and Benefits Improvement Act Bill Passed - House (389 - 9)
11/12 HR 82 Social Security Fairness Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (327 - 75)
9/20 HR 5717 No Bailout for Sanctuary Cities Act Bill Passed - House (219 - 186)
9/20 HR 9106 Enhanced Presidential Security Act of 2024 Bill Passed - House (405 - 0)
9/18 S 1146 Find and Protect Foster Youth Act Bill Passed - House (408 - 7)
9/18 HR 9076 Supporting America's Children and Families Act Bill Passed - House (405 - 10)
9/18 HR 5339 RETIRE Act Bill Passed - House (217 - 206)
9/18 HR 7909 Violence Against Women by Illegal Aliens Act Bill Passed - House (266 - 158)
9/18 HR 7909 Violence Against Women by Illegal Aliens Act Bill Passed - House (266 - 158)
9/17 S 2861 Billie Jean King Congressional Gold Medal Act Bill Passed - House (308 - 87)
7/25 H Res 1371 Strongly condemning the Biden Administration and its Border Czar, Kamala Harris's, failure to secure the United States border. Resolution Passed - House (220 - 196)
7/24 H Res 1367 Establishing the Task Force on the Attempted Assassination of Donald J. Trump. Resolution Passed - House (416 - 0)
7/23 S 227 Improving Access to Our Courts Act Bill Passed - House (404 - 3)
7/23 HR 7887 Allowing Contractors to Choose Employees for Select Skills (ACCESS) Act Bill Failed - House (178 - 234)
7/11 HR 8772 Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 2025 Bill Failed - House (205 - 213)
7/11 H J Res 165 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Education relating to "Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Receiving Federal Financial Assistance". Joint Resolution Passed - House (210 - 205)
7/11 H Res 1344 Finding that Merrick Garland, Attorney General of the United States, is in contempt of the House of Representatives for disobeying a certain subpoena. Joint Resolution Failed - House (204 - 210)
6/25 HR 7152 Divided Families National Registry Act Bill Passed - House (375 - 8)
6/25 HR 2789 American Cooperation with Our Neighbors Act Bill Passed - House (368 - 19)
6/14 HR 8070 Servicemember Quality of Life Improvement and National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2025 Bill Passed - House (217 - 199)
6/12 H Res 1292 Recommending that the House of Representatives find United States Attorney General Merrick B. Garland in Contempt of Congress for Refusal to Comply with a Subpoena Duly Issued by the Committee on the Judiciary Resolution Passed - House (216 - 207)
6/12 H Res 1292 Recommending that the House of Representatives find United States Attorney General Merrick B. Garland in Contempt of Congress for Refusal to Comply with a Subpoena Duly Issued by the Committee on the Judiciary Resolution Passed - House (216 - 207)
5/23 HR 192 To prohibit individuals who are not citizens of the United States from voting in elections in the District of Columbia Bill Passed - House (262 - 143)
5/16 HR 8146 Police Our Border Act Bill Passed - House (254 - 157)
5/15 HR 7343 Detain and Deport Illegal Aliens Who Assault Cops Act Bill Passed - House (265 - 148)
5/15 H Res 1210 Condemning the Biden border crisis and the tremendous burdens law enforcement officers face as a result. Resolution Passed - House (223 - 185)
5/15 HR 4581 Maternal and Child Health Stillbirth Prevention Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (408 - 3)
5/08 H Res 1209 Declaring the office of Speaker of the House of Representatives to be vacant. Resolution Tabled - House (359 - 43)
5/08 HR 4143 National Construction Safety Team Enhancement Act Bill Passed - House (358 - 41)
5/08 HR 7109 Equal Representation Act Bill Passed - House (206 - 202)
5/06 HR 7525 Special District Grant Accessibility Act Bill Passed - House (352 - 27)
5/01 H Res 1112 Denouncing the Biden administration's immigration policies. Resolution Passed - House (223 - 191)
4/30 HR 3738 Veterans Economic Opportunity and Transition Administration Act Bill Passed - House (403 - 10)
4/30 HR 1767 Student Veteran Benefit Restoration Act Bill Passed - House (406 - 6)
4/20 HR 3602 End the Border Catastrophe Act Bill Failed - House (215 - 199)
4/11 S 382 Puyallup Tribe of Indians Land Into Trust Confirmation Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (301 - 15)
3/12 H Res 1065 Denouncing the Biden administration's immigration policies. Resolution Passed - House (226 - 193)
3/05 HR 3838 Preventing Maternal Deaths Reauthorization Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (382 - 12)
2/29 HR 7102 Native American Entrepreneurial Opportunity Act Bill Passed - House (402 - 16)
2/13 H Res 863 Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors Resolution Passed - House (214 - 213)
2/13 H Res 863 Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors Resolution Passed - House (214 - 213)
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