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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
April 11, 2025 KS HB 2289 Reduces the Low Income Housing Tax Credit Amount to $0 by 2028 Conference Report Adopted - Senate (33 - 7)
April 11, 2025 KS HB 2289 Reduces the Low Income Housing Tax Credit Amount to $0 by 2028 Conference Report Adopted - Senate (33 - 7)
April 11, 2025 WV HB 2008 Amends and Reorganizes the Department of Economic Development into the Department of Commerce Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (24 - 8)
April 11, 2025 WV HB 2009 Authorizes Certain Executive Branch Reorganization Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (24 - 8)
April 11, 2025 National PN 27 Nomination of Lt. Gen. John D. Caine to be Major General in the Regular Air Force Nomination Confirmed - Senate (59 - 26)
April 11, 2025 MT HB 400 Prohibits Discipline Against Students who Refuse to Use Peers' Preferred Names or Pronouns Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 20)
April 11, 2025 WV HB 3412 Authorizes State Legislature to Set Their Own Rules About Public Access of Information Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
April 11, 2025 National PN 27 Nomination of Lt. Gen. John D. Caine to be Major General in the Regular Air Force Cloture Invoked - Senate (59 - 25)
April 10, 2025 KS HB 2240 Requires Legislative Approval Prior to Any State Agency Seeking or Implementing a Public Assistance Program Waiver Veto Override Passed - Senate (31 - 9)
April 10, 2025 KS HB 2062 Require Child Support Payments to be Calculated from the Point of Conception Veto Override Passed - Senate (31 - 8)
April 10, 2025 National PN 12-29 Nomination of Mark Meador to be a Federal Trade Commissioner Nomination Confirmed - Senate (50 - 46)
April 10, 2025 ND HB 1600 Establishes an Immigration-Focused Law Clinic at the University of North Dakota Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 13)
April 10, 2025 ND HB 1181 Defines Gender as Biological Sex Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 6)
April 10, 2025 WV HB 2755 Authorizes West Virginia Board of Education to Submit Rules to the Legislature for Review Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 15)
April 10, 2025 WA HB 1217 Limits Rent Increases to 7% Over the Next Year Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 20)
April 10, 2025 WA HB 1321 Prohibits Any Federal Armed Forces from Entering the State Without Governor Authority Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
April 10, 2025 National PN 12-29 Nomination of Mark Meador to be a Federal Trade Commissioner Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 46)
April 10, 2025 IL SB 2339 Prohibits Employers from Firing an Immigrant Worker if Their Records Don't Match the Federal E-Verify System Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 21)
April 10, 2025 TN SB 836 Authorizes Schools to Charge Undocumented Students Tuition Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 13)
April 10, 2025 TX SB 38 Authorizes Expedited Evictions by Removing Hearing Requirements Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 8)
April 10, 2025 IL SB 19 Amends and Reforms the State Prisoner Review Board Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 22)
April 10, 2025 OR SB 906 Requires Employers to Provide a Written Explanation of Earnings and Deductions to All New Employees Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 7)
April 9, 2025 National PN 12-18 Nomination of Paul Atkins to be a Member of the Securities and Exchange Commission Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 44)
April 9, 2025 AZ HB 2111 Authorizes for the Creation of License Plates for the 988 Suicide Awareness Lifeline, the America250 Celebration, the Hopi Tribe and Kidney Disease Awareness. Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 3)
April 9, 2025 AZ HB 2099 Requires All Government Employees at Any Level in Arizona Enforce and Cooperate with All immigration Orders Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 13)
April 9, 2025 National PN 12-18 Nomination of Paul Atkins to be a Member of the Securities and Exchange Commission Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 45)
April 9, 2025 IL SB 212 Requires Employers To Compensate Mothers Who Take Breaks At Work To Pump Breast Milk For Up To A Year After Their Child Is Born Bill Passed - Senate (50 - 3)
April 9, 2025 IL SB 212 Requires Employers To Compensate Mothers Who Take Breaks At Work To Pump Breast Milk For Up To A Year After Their Child Is Born Bill Passed - Senate (50 - 3)
April 9, 2025 IL SB 2164 Amends Penalties and Processes for Assessing Penalties Under the Illinois Wage Payment and Collection Act Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 19)
April 8, 2025 CO SB 25-129 Establishes Legal Protections for Abortion and Gender Transition Services Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (23 - 11)
April 8, 2025 National PN 12-9 Nomination of Elbridge Colby to be Under Secretary of Defense for Policy Nomination Confirmed - Senate (54 - 45)
April 8, 2025 National PN 25-14 Nomination of George Glass to be Ambassador of the United States of America to Japan Nomination Confirmed - Senate (66 - 32)
April 8, 2025 CO HB 25-1240 Requires Landlords to Comply with Federal COVID-Era Eviction Requirements When Trying to Evict a Tenant Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 12)
April 8, 2025 AZ HB 2001 Authorizes a 90-day License Exemption for Individuals who have Graduated from an Accredited Social Work, Counseling, Marriage and Family Therapy, or Addiction Counseling Program Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 9)
April 8, 2025 WA HB 1540 Expands Washington's Students Experiencing Homelessness Program Bill Passed - Senate (45 - 4)
April 8, 2025 IA HF 309 Authorizes Nursing Homes to Provide Additional Context and Evidence before the Department of Inspections, Appeals, and Licensing Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 9)
April 8, 2025 WA HB 1540 Expands Washington's Students Experiencing Homelessness Program Bill Passed - Senate (45 - 4)
April 8, 2025 AZ HB 2062 Defines Sex and Gender Terms for Any State Laws, Policies, or Institutions Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 11)
April 8, 2025 National PN 25-22 Nomination of Ronald Johnson to be Ambassador to the United Mexican States Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 44)
April 8, 2025 National PN 25-6 Nomination of Kevin Cabrera to be Ambassador to the Republic of Panama Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 42)
April 8, 2025 National PN 25-20 Nomination of Mike Huckabee to be Ambassador to the State of Israel Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 46)
April 8, 2025 National PN 25-14 Nomination of George Glass to be Ambassador of the United States of America to Japan Cloture Invoked - Senate (67 - 32)
April 8, 2025 CO HB 25-1011 Specifies Child Care Centers Owned by Private Equity or Institutional Investment Firms Would've Had to Post Their Prices Online and Notify Parents Before Laying off Staff Bill Failed - Senate (16 - 18)
April 8, 2025 AR SB 217 Requires the Department of Human Services to Request a Waiver to Exclude Candy and Soft Drinks from Eligible Foods Under the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 4)
April 8, 2025 CO HB 25-1011 Specifies Child Care Centers Owned by Private Equity or Institutional Investment Firms Would've Had to Post Their Prices Online and Notify Parents Before Laying off Staff Bill Failed - Senate (16 - 18)
April 7, 2025 MD HB 1222 Prohibits Local Law Enforcement Agencies From Entering Agreements With Federal Immigration Officials Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 13)
April 7, 2025 National PN 12-9 Nomination of Elbridge Colby to be Under Secretary of Defense for Policy Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 39)
April 5, 2025 MT SB 379 Requires All State Agencies to Have a Written Consultation Policy, a Definition of Consultation, and an Employee Designated as a Tribal Liaison Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 21)
April 3, 2025 AR HB 1745 Authorizes Fines for Semi-Truck Drivers Who Cannot Speak English Sufficiently Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 0)
April 3, 2025 MD HB 161 Establishes Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity as its Own Section in the Family Life and Human Sexuality Category Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 12)
Date No. Title Outcome
4/11 HB 2289 Reduces the Low Income Housing Tax Credit Amount to $0 by 2028 Conference Report Adopted - Senate (33 - 7)
4/11 HB 2289 Reduces the Low Income Housing Tax Credit Amount to $0 by 2028 Conference Report Adopted - Senate (33 - 7)
4/11 HB 2008 Amends and Reorganizes the Department of Economic Development into the Department of Commerce Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (24 - 8)
4/11 HB 2009 Authorizes Certain Executive Branch Reorganization Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (24 - 8)
4/11 PN 27 Nomination of Lt. Gen. John D. Caine to be Major General in the Regular Air Force Nomination Confirmed - Senate (59 - 26)
4/11 HB 400 Prohibits Discipline Against Students who Refuse to Use Peers' Preferred Names or Pronouns Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 20)
4/11 HB 3412 Authorizes State Legislature to Set Their Own Rules About Public Access of Information Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
4/11 PN 27 Nomination of Lt. Gen. John D. Caine to be Major General in the Regular Air Force Cloture Invoked - Senate (59 - 25)
4/10 HB 2240 Requires Legislative Approval Prior to Any State Agency Seeking or Implementing a Public Assistance Program Waiver Veto Override Passed - Senate (31 - 9)
4/10 HB 2062 Require Child Support Payments to be Calculated from the Point of Conception Veto Override Passed - Senate (31 - 8)
4/10 PN 12-29 Nomination of Mark Meador to be a Federal Trade Commissioner Nomination Confirmed - Senate (50 - 46)
4/10 HB 1600 Establishes an Immigration-Focused Law Clinic at the University of North Dakota Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 13)
4/10 HB 1181 Defines Gender as Biological Sex Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 6)
4/10 HB 2755 Authorizes West Virginia Board of Education to Submit Rules to the Legislature for Review Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 15)
4/10 HB 1217 Limits Rent Increases to 7% Over the Next Year Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 20)
4/10 HB 1321 Prohibits Any Federal Armed Forces from Entering the State Without Governor Authority Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
4/10 PN 12-29 Nomination of Mark Meador to be a Federal Trade Commissioner Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 46)
4/10 SB 2339 Prohibits Employers from Firing an Immigrant Worker if Their Records Don't Match the Federal E-Verify System Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 21)
4/10 SB 836 Authorizes Schools to Charge Undocumented Students Tuition Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 13)
4/10 SB 38 Authorizes Expedited Evictions by Removing Hearing Requirements Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 8)
4/10 SB 19 Amends and Reforms the State Prisoner Review Board Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 22)
4/10 SB 906 Requires Employers to Provide a Written Explanation of Earnings and Deductions to All New Employees Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 7)
4/09 PN 12-18 Nomination of Paul Atkins to be a Member of the Securities and Exchange Commission Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 44)
4/09 HB 2111 Authorizes for the Creation of License Plates for the 988 Suicide Awareness Lifeline, the America250 Celebration, the Hopi Tribe and Kidney Disease Awareness. Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 3)
4/09 HB 2099 Requires All Government Employees at Any Level in Arizona Enforce and Cooperate with All immigration Orders Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 13)
4/09 PN 12-18 Nomination of Paul Atkins to be a Member of the Securities and Exchange Commission Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 45)
4/09 SB 212 Requires Employers To Compensate Mothers Who Take Breaks At Work To Pump Breast Milk For Up To A Year After Their Child Is Born Bill Passed - Senate (50 - 3)
4/09 SB 212 Requires Employers To Compensate Mothers Who Take Breaks At Work To Pump Breast Milk For Up To A Year After Their Child Is Born Bill Passed - Senate (50 - 3)
4/09 SB 2164 Amends Penalties and Processes for Assessing Penalties Under the Illinois Wage Payment and Collection Act Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 19)
4/08 SB 25-129 Establishes Legal Protections for Abortion and Gender Transition Services Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (23 - 11)
4/08 PN 12-9 Nomination of Elbridge Colby to be Under Secretary of Defense for Policy Nomination Confirmed - Senate (54 - 45)
4/08 PN 25-14 Nomination of George Glass to be Ambassador of the United States of America to Japan Nomination Confirmed - Senate (66 - 32)
4/08 HB 25-1240 Requires Landlords to Comply with Federal COVID-Era Eviction Requirements When Trying to Evict a Tenant Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 12)
4/08 HB 2001 Authorizes a 90-day License Exemption for Individuals who have Graduated from an Accredited Social Work, Counseling, Marriage and Family Therapy, or Addiction Counseling Program Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 9)
4/08 HB 1540 Expands Washington's Students Experiencing Homelessness Program Bill Passed - Senate (45 - 4)
4/08 HF 309 Authorizes Nursing Homes to Provide Additional Context and Evidence before the Department of Inspections, Appeals, and Licensing Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 9)
4/08 HB 1540 Expands Washington's Students Experiencing Homelessness Program Bill Passed - Senate (45 - 4)
4/08 HB 2062 Defines Sex and Gender Terms for Any State Laws, Policies, or Institutions Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 11)
4/08 PN 25-22 Nomination of Ronald Johnson to be Ambassador to the United Mexican States Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 44)
4/08 PN 25-6 Nomination of Kevin Cabrera to be Ambassador to the Republic of Panama Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 42)
4/08 PN 25-20 Nomination of Mike Huckabee to be Ambassador to the State of Israel Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 46)
4/08 PN 25-14 Nomination of George Glass to be Ambassador of the United States of America to Japan Cloture Invoked - Senate (67 - 32)
4/08 HB 25-1011 Specifies Child Care Centers Owned by Private Equity or Institutional Investment Firms Would've Had to Post Their Prices Online and Notify Parents Before Laying off Staff Bill Failed - Senate (16 - 18)
4/08 SB 217 Requires the Department of Human Services to Request a Waiver to Exclude Candy and Soft Drinks from Eligible Foods Under the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 4)
4/08 HB 25-1011 Specifies Child Care Centers Owned by Private Equity or Institutional Investment Firms Would've Had to Post Their Prices Online and Notify Parents Before Laying off Staff Bill Failed - Senate (16 - 18)
4/07 HB 1222 Prohibits Local Law Enforcement Agencies From Entering Agreements With Federal Immigration Officials Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 13)
4/07 PN 12-9 Nomination of Elbridge Colby to be Under Secretary of Defense for Policy Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 39)
4/05 SB 379 Requires All State Agencies to Have a Written Consultation Policy, a Definition of Consultation, and an Employee Designated as a Tribal Liaison Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 21)
4/03 HB 1745 Authorizes Fines for Semi-Truck Drivers Who Cannot Speak English Sufficiently Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 0)
4/03 HB 161 Establishes Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity as its Own Section in the Family Life and Human Sexuality Category Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 12)
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