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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Jan. 29, 2025 WY SF 62 Requires Students to Utilize Bathrooms Based on Sex at Birth Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 3)
Jan. 28, 2025 National PN 11-6 Nomination of Sean Duffy to be Secretary of Transportation Nomination Confirmed - Senate (77 - 22)
Jan. 28, 2025 VA SB 1105 Establishes the Right to Access and Use FDA-Approved Contraceptives Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 18)
Jan. 28, 2025 IN SB 475 Prohibits Noncompete Agreements for Physicians Bill Passed - Senate (47 - 2)
Jan. 27, 2025 National PN 11-1 Nomination of Scott Bessent to be Secretary of the Treasury Nomination Confirmed - Senate (68 - 29)
Jan. 27, 2025 National PN 11-6 Nomination of Sean Duffy to be Secretary of Transportation Cloture Invoked - Senate (97 - 0)
Jan. 27, 2025 CO HB 25-1058 Amends the Process when an Individual Pleads Not Guilty by Reason of Insanity Bill Passed - House (56 - 6)
Jan. 27, 2025 ID S 1001 Establishes the Uniform Public Expression Protection Act Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 1)
Jan. 27, 2025 UT HB 267 Prohibits Public Employees from Collective Bargaining Bill Passed - House (42 - 32)
Jan. 27, 2025 IN SJR 21 Specifies Term Limits for Members of Congress Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (31 - 18)
Jan. 27, 2025 IN SJR 21 Specifies Term Limits for Members of Congress Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (31 - 18)
Jan. 27, 2025 ND HB 1300 Specifies Timeline for When Term Limits Passed by Voters in 2022 Officially Take Effect Bill Passed - House (64 - 28)
Jan. 25, 2025 National PN 11-11 Nomination of Kristi Noem to be Secretary of Homeland Security Nomination Confirmed - Senate (59 - 34)
Jan. 25, 2025 National PN 11-1 Nomination of Scott Bessent to be Secretary of the Treasury Cloture Invoked - Senate (67 - 23)
Jan. 24, 2025 National PN 11-7 Nomination of Peter Hegseth to be Secretary of Defense Nomination Confirmed - Senate (50 - 50)
Jan. 24, 2025 National PN 11-11 Nomination of Kristi Noem to be Secretary of Homeland Security Cloture Invoked - Senate (61 - 39)
Jan. 23, 2025 National PN 11-19 Nomination of John Ratcliffe to be Director of the Central Intelligence Agency Nomination Confirmed - Senate (74 - 25)
Jan. 23, 2025 National PN 11-19 Nomination of John Ratcliffe to be Director of the Central Intelligence Agency Cloture Invoked - Senate (72 - 26)
Jan. 23, 2025 National PN 11-7 Nomination of Peter Hegseth to be Secretary of Defense Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 49)
Jan. 23, 2025 MI HB 4001 Increases the State Minimum Wage to $12.00 an Hour Instead of $12.48 as Ordered by Court Bill Passed - House (63 - 41)
Jan. 23, 2025 CA SB 2 Appropriates $25 Million for the State Department of Justice to Pay for Legal Battles Involving the Federal Government Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 8)
Jan. 23, 2025 CA SB 2 Appropriates $25 Million for the State Department of Justice to Pay for Legal Battles Involving the Federal Government Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 8)
Jan. 23, 2025 ND HB 1231 Authorizes Low-Risk Sex Offenders to Ask the Court to Remove Them from the State Registry Early Bill Passed - House (62 - 29)
Jan. 22, 2025 National S 5 Laken Riley Act Bill Passed - House (263 - 156)
Jan. 22, 2025 NY A 414 Amends and Updates the State's Nourish New York Program to Include Milk and Dairy Products Bill Passed - Senate (58 - 1)
Jan. 21, 2025 National PN 11-19 Nomination of John Ratcliffe to be Director of the Central Intelligence Agency Motion Agreed - Senate (54 - 46)
Jan. 21, 2025 National PN 11-7 Nomination of Peter Hegseth to be Secretary of Defense Motion Agreed - Senate (53 - 47)
Jan. 21, 2025 VA SJR 249 Establishes a Constitutional Amendment Protecting Marriage Equality Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (24 - 15)
Jan. 21, 2025 DE SB 42 Amends Previous Changes Made to the State Judicial Pension Plan Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 0)
Jan. 20, 2025 National S 5 Laken Riley Act Bill Passed - Senate (64 - 35)
Jan. 20, 2025 National PN 11-13 Nomination of Marco Rubio to be Secretary of State Nomination Confirmed - Senate (99 - 0)
Jan. 20, 2025 WY HB 32 Establishes Statutory Definitions for "Man", "Woman", and "Biological Sex" Bill Passed - House (50 - 9)
Jan. 20, 2025 WY HB 32 Establishes Statutory Definitions for "Man", "Woman", and "Biological Sex" Bill Passed - House (50 - 9)
Jan. 17, 2025 National S 5 Laken Riley Act Cloture Invoked - Senate (61 - 35)
Jan. 17, 2025 MT HB 76 Establishes a Certification Process for Family Peer Support Specialists Bill Passed - House (69 - 29)
Jan. 16, 2025 National HR 30 Preventing Violence Against Women by Illegal Aliens Act Bill Passed - House (274 - 145)
Jan. 16, 2025 National HR 30 Preventing Violence Against Women by Illegal Aliens Act Bill Passed - House (274 - 145)
Jan. 16, 2025 AR HB 1056 Establishes a Joint Committee on Military and Veterans Affairs Bill Passed - House (98 - 0)
Jan. 16, 2025 MT HB 121 Requires Individuals to Use Facilities that Correspond with Their Biological Sex at Birth Bill Passed - House (58 - 41)
Jan. 14, 2025 National HR 28 Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act Bill Passed - House (218 - 206)
Jan. 14, 2025 National HR 28 Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act Bill Passed - House (218 - 206)
Jan. 14, 2025 ME SP 97 Limits the Use of Vague Placeholder Bills Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (22 - 12)
Jan. 14, 2025 MO HR 7 Establishes Rules of the State House of Representatives for the 103rd General Assembly Resolution Passed - House (106 - 54)
Jan. 14, 2025 VA HJR 9 Establishes a Constitutional Amendment Protecting Marriage Equality Joint Resolution Passed - House (58 - 35)
Jan. 14, 2025 NY S 757 Authorizes Local Social Services Districts to Use Child Care Block Grant Funds for the Presumptive Eligibility Period Bill Passed - Senate (60 - 0)
Jan. 14, 2025 NY S 784 Repeals Subsidies for Adoptive Parents of Disabled or Hard-to-Place Children if They No Longer Support Them Bill Passed - Senate (57 - 3)
Jan. 13, 2025 National S 5 Laken Riley Act Motion Agreed - Senate (82 - 10)
Jan. 8, 2025 National S 5 Laken Riley Act Cloture Invoked - Senate (84 - 9)
Jan. 7, 2025 IL HB 5164 Amends the Clerks of the Court Act to Reduce State Requirements for Name Changes Concurrence Vote Passed - House (71 - 38)
Jan. 7, 2025 National HR 29 Laken Riley Act Bill Passed - House (264 - 159)
Date No. Title Outcome
1/29 SF 62 Requires Students to Utilize Bathrooms Based on Sex at Birth Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 3)
1/28 PN 11-6 Nomination of Sean Duffy to be Secretary of Transportation Nomination Confirmed - Senate (77 - 22)
1/28 SB 1105 Establishes the Right to Access and Use FDA-Approved Contraceptives Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 18)
1/28 SB 475 Prohibits Noncompete Agreements for Physicians Bill Passed - Senate (47 - 2)
1/27 PN 11-1 Nomination of Scott Bessent to be Secretary of the Treasury Nomination Confirmed - Senate (68 - 29)
1/27 PN 11-6 Nomination of Sean Duffy to be Secretary of Transportation Cloture Invoked - Senate (97 - 0)
1/27 HB 25-1058 Amends the Process when an Individual Pleads Not Guilty by Reason of Insanity Bill Passed - House (56 - 6)
1/27 S 1001 Establishes the Uniform Public Expression Protection Act Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 1)
1/27 HB 267 Prohibits Public Employees from Collective Bargaining Bill Passed - House (42 - 32)
1/27 SJR 21 Specifies Term Limits for Members of Congress Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (31 - 18)
1/27 SJR 21 Specifies Term Limits for Members of Congress Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (31 - 18)
1/27 HB 1300 Specifies Timeline for When Term Limits Passed by Voters in 2022 Officially Take Effect Bill Passed - House (64 - 28)
1/25 PN 11-11 Nomination of Kristi Noem to be Secretary of Homeland Security Nomination Confirmed - Senate (59 - 34)
1/25 PN 11-1 Nomination of Scott Bessent to be Secretary of the Treasury Cloture Invoked - Senate (67 - 23)
1/24 PN 11-7 Nomination of Peter Hegseth to be Secretary of Defense Nomination Confirmed - Senate (50 - 50)
1/24 PN 11-11 Nomination of Kristi Noem to be Secretary of Homeland Security Cloture Invoked - Senate (61 - 39)
1/23 PN 11-19 Nomination of John Ratcliffe to be Director of the Central Intelligence Agency Nomination Confirmed - Senate (74 - 25)
1/23 PN 11-19 Nomination of John Ratcliffe to be Director of the Central Intelligence Agency Cloture Invoked - Senate (72 - 26)
1/23 PN 11-7 Nomination of Peter Hegseth to be Secretary of Defense Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 49)
1/23 HB 4001 Increases the State Minimum Wage to $12.00 an Hour Instead of $12.48 as Ordered by Court Bill Passed - House (63 - 41)
1/23 SB 2 Appropriates $25 Million for the State Department of Justice to Pay for Legal Battles Involving the Federal Government Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 8)
1/23 SB 2 Appropriates $25 Million for the State Department of Justice to Pay for Legal Battles Involving the Federal Government Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 8)
1/23 HB 1231 Authorizes Low-Risk Sex Offenders to Ask the Court to Remove Them from the State Registry Early Bill Passed - House (62 - 29)
1/22 S 5 Laken Riley Act Bill Passed - House (263 - 156)
1/22 A 414 Amends and Updates the State's Nourish New York Program to Include Milk and Dairy Products Bill Passed - Senate (58 - 1)
1/21 PN 11-19 Nomination of John Ratcliffe to be Director of the Central Intelligence Agency Motion Agreed - Senate (54 - 46)
1/21 PN 11-7 Nomination of Peter Hegseth to be Secretary of Defense Motion Agreed - Senate (53 - 47)
1/21 SJR 249 Establishes a Constitutional Amendment Protecting Marriage Equality Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (24 - 15)
1/21 SB 42 Amends Previous Changes Made to the State Judicial Pension Plan Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 0)
1/20 S 5 Laken Riley Act Bill Passed - Senate (64 - 35)
1/20 PN 11-13 Nomination of Marco Rubio to be Secretary of State Nomination Confirmed - Senate (99 - 0)
1/20 HB 32 Establishes Statutory Definitions for "Man", "Woman", and "Biological Sex" Bill Passed - House (50 - 9)
1/20 HB 32 Establishes Statutory Definitions for "Man", "Woman", and "Biological Sex" Bill Passed - House (50 - 9)
1/17 S 5 Laken Riley Act Cloture Invoked - Senate (61 - 35)
1/17 HB 76 Establishes a Certification Process for Family Peer Support Specialists Bill Passed - House (69 - 29)
1/16 HR 30 Preventing Violence Against Women by Illegal Aliens Act Bill Passed - House (274 - 145)
1/16 HR 30 Preventing Violence Against Women by Illegal Aliens Act Bill Passed - House (274 - 145)
1/16 HB 1056 Establishes a Joint Committee on Military and Veterans Affairs Bill Passed - House (98 - 0)
1/16 HB 121 Requires Individuals to Use Facilities that Correspond with Their Biological Sex at Birth Bill Passed - House (58 - 41)
1/14 HR 28 Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act Bill Passed - House (218 - 206)
1/14 HR 28 Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act Bill Passed - House (218 - 206)
1/14 SP 97 Limits the Use of Vague Placeholder Bills Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (22 - 12)
1/14 HR 7 Establishes Rules of the State House of Representatives for the 103rd General Assembly Resolution Passed - House (106 - 54)
1/14 HJR 9 Establishes a Constitutional Amendment Protecting Marriage Equality Joint Resolution Passed - House (58 - 35)
1/14 S 757 Authorizes Local Social Services Districts to Use Child Care Block Grant Funds for the Presumptive Eligibility Period Bill Passed - Senate (60 - 0)
1/14 S 784 Repeals Subsidies for Adoptive Parents of Disabled or Hard-to-Place Children if They No Longer Support Them Bill Passed - Senate (57 - 3)
1/13 S 5 Laken Riley Act Motion Agreed - Senate (82 - 10)
1/08 S 5 Laken Riley Act Cloture Invoked - Senate (84 - 9)
1/07 HB 5164 Amends the Clerks of the Court Act to Reduce State Requirements for Name Changes Concurrence Vote Passed - House (71 - 38)
1/07 HR 29 Laken Riley Act Bill Passed - House (264 - 159)
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