Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
April 23, 2025 TX SB 1786 Requires Community Colleges to Receive Funds When Their Students Transfer to Private Universities Bill Passed - House (139 - 7)
April 17, 2025 IN HB 1461 Authorizes the State to Charge Tolls on All Indiana Interstate Highways Including I-80/94 and I-65 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (68 - 17)
April 15, 2025 IN HB 1461 Authorizes the State to Charge Tolls on All Indiana Interstate Highways Including I-80/94 and I-65 Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 10)
April 15, 2025 AK SB 39 Prohibits Payday Loans and Restricts Loans to a Maximum 36% Annual Percentage Rate Bill Passed - Senate (14 - 6)
April 10, 2025 IL SB 1797 Establishes Regulations to Reduce Cryptocurrency Fraud Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 17)
April 10, 2025 TX HB 1400 Establishes a Fund for Groundwater Research, Science, and Innovation Bill Passed - House (133 - 14)
April 9, 2025 National S J Res 18 A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Overdraft Lending: Very Large Financial Institutions". Joint Resolution Passed - House (217 - 211)
April 9, 2025 National PN 12-18 Nomination of Paul Atkins to be a Member of the Securities and Exchange Commission Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 44)
April 9, 2025 National S J Res 28 A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Defining Larger Participants of a Market for General-Use Digital Consumer Payment Applications". Joint Resolution Passed - House (219 - 211)
April 9, 2025 National PN 12-18 Nomination of Paul Atkins to be a Member of the Securities and Exchange Commission Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 45)
April 7, 2025 MD HB 1294 Establishes Credit Laws and Regulates Earned Wage Access Programs Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 17)
April 4, 2025 WA HB 1156 Authorizes Volunteer Firefighters to Participate in the Washington State Deferred Compensation Program Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
April 2, 2025 ND HB 1447 Establishes Regulations on Virtual Currency Kiosks (Crypto ATMs) Concurrence Vote Passed - House (83 - 8)
April 1, 2025 TX HJR 4 Establishes a Constitutional Amendment that Would Ban the Legislature from Imposing a Tax on Financial Trades Joint Resolution Passed - House (111 - 31)
March 31, 2025 GA SB 69 Requires Third-Party Litigation Investors to Register with the Department of Banking and Finance Concurrence Vote Passed - House (120 - 42)
March 27, 2025 National S J Res 18 A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Overdraft Lending: Very Large Financial Institutions". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (52 - 48)
March 26, 2025 National PN 12-15 Nomination of Michael Faulkender to be Deputy Secretary of the Treasury Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 43)
March 26, 2025 National PN 12-15 Nomination of Michael Faulkender to be Deputy Secretary of the Treasury Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 46)
March 26, 2025 National S J Res 18 A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Overdraft Lending: Very Large Financial Institutions". Motion Agreed - Senate (52 - 47)
March 25, 2025 DE SB 21 Amends the Delaware Code Relating to General Corporate Laws Bill Passed - House (32 - 7)
March 24, 2025 KS HB 2152 Amends State Investment Strategy for Public Funds to Encourage Those Funds to be Deposited in Kansas Financial Institutions Concurrence Vote Passed - House (117 - 5)
March 20, 2025 MI HB 4116 Increases Penalties for Violators of Interest Rate Limits Bill Passed - House (83 - 21)
March 20, 2025 MI HB 4115 Increases Pawn Shop Interest Rates Bill Passed - House (83 - 21)
March 19, 2025 CO HB 25-1282 Prohibits Credit Card Companies from Assessing Swipe Fees on Taxes or Tips Bill Passed - House (43 - 21)
March 18, 2025 ND HB 1447 Establishes Regulations on Virtual Currency Kiosks (Crypto ATMs) Bill Passed - Senate (45 - 1)
March 18, 2025 AR SB 307 Authorizes Utility Companies to Make Capital Investments Without Permission from State Regulators Bill Passed - House (77 - 13)
March 14, 2025 MD HB 1294 Establishes Credit Laws and Regulates Earned Wage Access Programs Bill Passed - House (99 - 38)
March 13, 2025 KY HB 701 Authorizes the Use of Bitcoin (Crypto) without Restrictions Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
March 13, 2025 DE SB 21 Amends the Delaware Code Relating to General Corporate Laws Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 0)
March 12, 2025 AR SB 307 Authorizes Utility Companies to Make Capital Investments Without Permission from State Regulators Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 9)
March 10, 2025 AK SB 47 Authorizes the Municipality of Anchorage to Use Local Money to Pay for Pothole Repairs on Canyon Road Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 1)
March 7, 2025 UT HB 306 Authorizes the State to Pay Vendors in Gold and Silver Concurrence Vote Passed - House (58 - 6)
March 7, 2025 UT HB 306 Authorizes the State to Pay Vendors in Gold and Silver Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 4)
March 6, 2025 NE LB 609 Establishes State Cryptocurrency Regulations Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 0)
March 4, 2025 KY SB 3 Authorizes Name, Image, and Likeness (NIL) Usage by Student Athletes Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
March 4, 2025 National S J Res 28 A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Defining Larger Participants of a Market for General-Use Digital Consumer Payment Applications". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 47)
Feb. 27, 2025 AZ SB 1025 Authorizes Arizona's Treasury and State Retirement System to Invest up to 10% of its Available Funds into Bitcoin Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 11)
Feb. 27, 2025 AZ SB 1373 Establishes a Strategic Digital Assets (Crypto) Reserve Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 12)
Feb. 27, 2025 OR HB 2561 Prohibits Predatory Loans and Caps Interest Rates at 36% Bill Passed - House (33 - 28)
Feb. 27, 2025 GA SB 69 Requires Third-Party Litigation Investors to Register with the Department of Banking and Finance Bill Passed - Senate (52 - 0)
Feb. 17, 2025 ND HB 1447 Establishes Regulations on Virtual Currency Kiosks (Crypto ATMs) Bill Passed - House (87 - 3)
Feb. 10, 2025 National HR 736 Protect Small Businesses from Excessive Paperwork Act Bill Passed - House (408 - 0)
Feb. 10, 2025 IN HB 1441 Authorizes Youth in Foster Care to Open Bank Accounts Bill Passed - House (91 - 0)
Jan. 27, 2025 National PN 11-1 Nomination of Scott Bessent to be Secretary of the Treasury Nomination Confirmed - Senate (68 - 29)
Jan. 25, 2025 National PN 11-1 Nomination of Scott Bessent to be Secretary of the Treasury Cloture Invoked - Senate (67 - 23)
Jan. 23, 2025 MI HB 4001 Increases the State Minimum Wage to $12.00 an Hour Instead of $12.48 as Ordered by Court Bill Passed - House (63 - 41)
Jan. 13, 2025 National HR 192 Amtrak Executive Bonus Disclosure Act Bill Passed - House (407 - 0)
Dec. 13, 2024 MI HB 4901 Authorizes Modest Homeowners to Protect Property in Bankruptcy Bill Passed - House (56 - 0)
Dec. 13, 2024 MI HB 4900 Amends and Updates Consumer Debt Garnishment Exemptions Bill Passed - House (56 - 0)
Dec. 12, 2024 MI SB 408 Prohibits Wages and Taxpayer-Funded Benefits from Excessive Debt Collections Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 14)
Oct. 23, 2024 PA HB 2481 Establishes a Framework for Transactions Involving Crypto and Digital Assets Bill Passed - House (176 - 26)
Sept. 19, 2024 National HR 4790 Guiding Uniform and Responsible Disclosure Requirements and Information Limits (GUARDRAIL) Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (215 - 203)
Sept. 9, 2024 NC HB 690 Prohibits State Agencies from Using Cryptocurrency as Payments Veto Override Passed - Senate (27 - 17)
Aug. 1, 2024 NC HB 690 Prohibits State Agencies from Using Cryptocurrency as Payments Veto Override Passed - House (73 - 41)
July 11, 2024 PA HB 2310 Amends the Fiscal Code in Emergency Response to COVID-19 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (125 - 77)
July 11, 2024 PA HB 2310 Amends the Fiscal Code in Emergency Response to COVID-19 Bill Passed - Senate (45 - 4)
July 11, 2024 PA HB 897 Expands Programs Related to Higher Education Institutions and Outlines Protocol for Credits Needed when a Student is Transferring Into the Institution Bill Passed - Senate (46 - 3)
July 11, 2024 PA HB 1889 Amends and Reforms Electronic Billing Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
July 11, 2024 PA HB 897 Expands Programs Related to Higher Education Institutions and Outlines Protocol for Credits Needed when a Student is Transferring Into the Institution Concurrence Vote Passed - House (187 - 15)
July 3, 2024 PA HB 1716 Specifies Shareholder Rights in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Bill Passed - Senate (50 - 0)
June 28, 2024 NJ S 3432 Establishes Program for Artificial Intelligence Investments Bill Passed - House (60 - 14)
June 25, 2024 NC HB 690 Prohibits State Agencies from Using Cryptocurrency as Payments Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 5)
June 13, 2024 RI S 3152 Establishes a Citizens Bank Tax Cut Concurrence Vote Passed - House (57 - 13)
June 13, 2024 RI S 3152 Establishes a Citizens Bank Tax Cut Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 6)
May 24, 2024 IL SB 3771 Authorizes Exonerated Individuals to Pass State Benefits Covering Higher Education Costs on to Dependents Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (45 - 11)
May 23, 2024 IL SB 3235 Amends the Illinois Community Reinvestment Act Bill Passed - House (73 - 38)
May 23, 2024 National HR 5403 CBDC Anti-Surveillance State Act Bill Passed - House (216 - 192)
May 22, 2024 IL SB 3771 Authorizes Exonerated Individuals to Pass State Benefits Covering Higher Education Costs on to Dependents Bill Passed - House (71 - 38)
May 22, 2024 National HR 4763 Financial Innovation and Technology for the 21st Century Act Bill Passed - House (279 - 136)
May 21, 2024 CA SB 1286 Amend Sections of the Civil and Financial Code Regarding Debt Collection Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 9)
May 20, 2024 IL SB 3455 Authorizes the Department of Revenue to Evaluate the Property Tax System Bill Passed - House (94 - 14)
May 16, 2024 CA AB 2992 Establishes Buyer-Broker Representation Agreements Bill Passed - House (71 - 0)
May 15, 2024 National S J Res 57 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of the Treasury relating to "Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery Funds". Joint Resolution Failed - Senate (46 - 49)
May 15, 2024 National HR 6572 Deploying American Blockchains Act Bill Passed - House (334 - 79)
May 9, 2024 MI HB 4343 Requires Department of Insurance and Financial Services Submit Annual Reports the Amount of Deferred Presentment Service Transactions Activity (Payday Lending) to the State Concurrence Vote Passed - House (96 - 11)
Date No. Title Outcome
4/23 SB 1786 Requires Community Colleges to Receive Funds When Their Students Transfer to Private Universities Bill Passed - House (139 - 7)
4/17 HB 1461 Authorizes the State to Charge Tolls on All Indiana Interstate Highways Including I-80/94 and I-65 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (68 - 17)
4/15 HB 1461 Authorizes the State to Charge Tolls on All Indiana Interstate Highways Including I-80/94 and I-65 Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 10)
4/15 SB 39 Prohibits Payday Loans and Restricts Loans to a Maximum 36% Annual Percentage Rate Bill Passed - Senate (14 - 6)
4/10 SB 1797 Establishes Regulations to Reduce Cryptocurrency Fraud Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 17)
4/10 HB 1400 Establishes a Fund for Groundwater Research, Science, and Innovation Bill Passed - House (133 - 14)
4/09 S J Res 18 A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Overdraft Lending: Very Large Financial Institutions". Joint Resolution Passed - House (217 - 211)
4/09 PN 12-18 Nomination of Paul Atkins to be a Member of the Securities and Exchange Commission Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 44)
4/09 S J Res 28 A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Defining Larger Participants of a Market for General-Use Digital Consumer Payment Applications". Joint Resolution Passed - House (219 - 211)
4/09 PN 12-18 Nomination of Paul Atkins to be a Member of the Securities and Exchange Commission Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 45)
4/07 HB 1294 Establishes Credit Laws and Regulates Earned Wage Access Programs Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 17)
4/04 HB 1156 Authorizes Volunteer Firefighters to Participate in the Washington State Deferred Compensation Program Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
4/02 HB 1447 Establishes Regulations on Virtual Currency Kiosks (Crypto ATMs) Concurrence Vote Passed - House (83 - 8)
4/01 HJR 4 Establishes a Constitutional Amendment that Would Ban the Legislature from Imposing a Tax on Financial Trades Joint Resolution Passed - House (111 - 31)
3/31 SB 69 Requires Third-Party Litigation Investors to Register with the Department of Banking and Finance Concurrence Vote Passed - House (120 - 42)
3/27 S J Res 18 A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Overdraft Lending: Very Large Financial Institutions". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (52 - 48)
3/26 PN 12-15 Nomination of Michael Faulkender to be Deputy Secretary of the Treasury Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 43)
3/26 PN 12-15 Nomination of Michael Faulkender to be Deputy Secretary of the Treasury Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 46)
3/26 S J Res 18 A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Overdraft Lending: Very Large Financial Institutions". Motion Agreed - Senate (52 - 47)
3/25 SB 21 Amends the Delaware Code Relating to General Corporate Laws Bill Passed - House (32 - 7)
3/24 HB 2152 Amends State Investment Strategy for Public Funds to Encourage Those Funds to be Deposited in Kansas Financial Institutions Concurrence Vote Passed - House (117 - 5)
3/20 HB 4116 Increases Penalties for Violators of Interest Rate Limits Bill Passed - House (83 - 21)
3/20 HB 4115 Increases Pawn Shop Interest Rates Bill Passed - House (83 - 21)
3/19 HB 25-1282 Prohibits Credit Card Companies from Assessing Swipe Fees on Taxes or Tips Bill Passed - House (43 - 21)
3/18 HB 1447 Establishes Regulations on Virtual Currency Kiosks (Crypto ATMs) Bill Passed - Senate (45 - 1)
3/18 SB 307 Authorizes Utility Companies to Make Capital Investments Without Permission from State Regulators Bill Passed - House (77 - 13)
3/14 HB 1294 Establishes Credit Laws and Regulates Earned Wage Access Programs Bill Passed - House (99 - 38)
3/13 HB 701 Authorizes the Use of Bitcoin (Crypto) without Restrictions Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
3/13 SB 21 Amends the Delaware Code Relating to General Corporate Laws Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 0)
3/12 SB 307 Authorizes Utility Companies to Make Capital Investments Without Permission from State Regulators Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 9)
3/10 SB 47 Authorizes the Municipality of Anchorage to Use Local Money to Pay for Pothole Repairs on Canyon Road Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 1)
3/07 HB 306 Authorizes the State to Pay Vendors in Gold and Silver Concurrence Vote Passed - House (58 - 6)
3/07 HB 306 Authorizes the State to Pay Vendors in Gold and Silver Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 4)
3/06 LB 609 Establishes State Cryptocurrency Regulations Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 0)
3/04 SB 3 Authorizes Name, Image, and Likeness (NIL) Usage by Student Athletes Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
3/04 S J Res 28 A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Defining Larger Participants of a Market for General-Use Digital Consumer Payment Applications". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 47)
2/27 SB 1025 Authorizes Arizona's Treasury and State Retirement System to Invest up to 10% of its Available Funds into Bitcoin Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 11)
2/27 SB 1373 Establishes a Strategic Digital Assets (Crypto) Reserve Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 12)
2/27 HB 2561 Prohibits Predatory Loans and Caps Interest Rates at 36% Bill Passed - House (33 - 28)
2/27 SB 69 Requires Third-Party Litigation Investors to Register with the Department of Banking and Finance Bill Passed - Senate (52 - 0)
2/17 HB 1447 Establishes Regulations on Virtual Currency Kiosks (Crypto ATMs) Bill Passed - House (87 - 3)
2/10 HR 736 Protect Small Businesses from Excessive Paperwork Act Bill Passed - House (408 - 0)
2/10 HB 1441 Authorizes Youth in Foster Care to Open Bank Accounts Bill Passed - House (91 - 0)
1/27 PN 11-1 Nomination of Scott Bessent to be Secretary of the Treasury Nomination Confirmed - Senate (68 - 29)
1/25 PN 11-1 Nomination of Scott Bessent to be Secretary of the Treasury Cloture Invoked - Senate (67 - 23)
1/23 HB 4001 Increases the State Minimum Wage to $12.00 an Hour Instead of $12.48 as Ordered by Court Bill Passed - House (63 - 41)
1/13 HR 192 Amtrak Executive Bonus Disclosure Act Bill Passed - House (407 - 0)
12/13 HB 4901 Authorizes Modest Homeowners to Protect Property in Bankruptcy Bill Passed - House (56 - 0)
12/13 HB 4900 Amends and Updates Consumer Debt Garnishment Exemptions Bill Passed - House (56 - 0)
12/12 SB 408 Prohibits Wages and Taxpayer-Funded Benefits from Excessive Debt Collections Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 14)
10/23 HB 2481 Establishes a Framework for Transactions Involving Crypto and Digital Assets Bill Passed - House (176 - 26)
9/19 HR 4790 Guiding Uniform and Responsible Disclosure Requirements and Information Limits (GUARDRAIL) Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (215 - 203)
9/09 HB 690 Prohibits State Agencies from Using Cryptocurrency as Payments Veto Override Passed - Senate (27 - 17)
8/01 HB 690 Prohibits State Agencies from Using Cryptocurrency as Payments Veto Override Passed - House (73 - 41)
7/11 HB 2310 Amends the Fiscal Code in Emergency Response to COVID-19 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (125 - 77)
7/11 HB 2310 Amends the Fiscal Code in Emergency Response to COVID-19 Bill Passed - Senate (45 - 4)
7/11 HB 897 Expands Programs Related to Higher Education Institutions and Outlines Protocol for Credits Needed when a Student is Transferring Into the Institution Bill Passed - Senate (46 - 3)
7/11 HB 1889 Amends and Reforms Electronic Billing Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
7/11 HB 897 Expands Programs Related to Higher Education Institutions and Outlines Protocol for Credits Needed when a Student is Transferring Into the Institution Concurrence Vote Passed - House (187 - 15)
7/03 HB 1716 Specifies Shareholder Rights in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Bill Passed - Senate (50 - 0)
6/28 S 3432 Establishes Program for Artificial Intelligence Investments Bill Passed - House (60 - 14)
6/25 HB 690 Prohibits State Agencies from Using Cryptocurrency as Payments Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 5)
6/13 S 3152 Establishes a Citizens Bank Tax Cut Concurrence Vote Passed - House (57 - 13)
6/13 S 3152 Establishes a Citizens Bank Tax Cut Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 6)
5/24 SB 3771 Authorizes Exonerated Individuals to Pass State Benefits Covering Higher Education Costs on to Dependents Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (45 - 11)
5/23 SB 3235 Amends the Illinois Community Reinvestment Act Bill Passed - House (73 - 38)
5/23 HR 5403 CBDC Anti-Surveillance State Act Bill Passed - House (216 - 192)
5/22 SB 3771 Authorizes Exonerated Individuals to Pass State Benefits Covering Higher Education Costs on to Dependents Bill Passed - House (71 - 38)
5/22 HR 4763 Financial Innovation and Technology for the 21st Century Act Bill Passed - House (279 - 136)
5/21 SB 1286 Amend Sections of the Civil and Financial Code Regarding Debt Collection Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 9)
5/20 SB 3455 Authorizes the Department of Revenue to Evaluate the Property Tax System Bill Passed - House (94 - 14)
5/16 AB 2992 Establishes Buyer-Broker Representation Agreements Bill Passed - House (71 - 0)
5/15 S J Res 57 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of the Treasury relating to "Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery Funds". Joint Resolution Failed - Senate (46 - 49)
5/15 HR 6572 Deploying American Blockchains Act Bill Passed - House (334 - 79)
5/09 HB 4343 Requires Department of Insurance and Financial Services Submit Annual Reports the Amount of Deferred Presentment Service Transactions Activity (Payday Lending) to the State Concurrence Vote Passed - House (96 - 11)

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