Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
April 16, 2025 CO HB 25-1321 Appropriates $4 million to the Governor's Office for Legal Costs of Defending Colorado Against Trump Administration Efforts to Withhold Funding Bill Passed - House (43 - 22)
April 10, 2025 KS SB 269 Requires Future Income Tax and Privilege Tax Rate Decreases to be Contingent on Exceeding Revenue Estimates Veto Override Passed - House (87 - 37)
April 10, 2025 NH HB 511 Prohibits Sanctuary City Policies in the State "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (211 - 161)
April 2, 2025 TX HB 13 Establishes the Texas Interoperability Council Bill Passed - House (129 - 18)
March 31, 2025 CO SB 25-077 Increases Time for Local Governments to Respond to Records Requests from the Public and Businesses While Exempting Journalists from the Delays Bill Passed - House (45 - 19)
March 31, 2025 IN SB 326 Prohibits Local Governments From Hosting or Funding "Obscene" Performances Bill Passed - House (72 - 20)
March 28, 2025 ID H 96 Prohibits Government Entities from Displaying Certain Flags Concurrence Vote Passed - House (54 - 13)
March 27, 2025 KS HB 2228 Requires that Political Subdivisions Hold an Open Meeting to Discuss a Contingency Fee Contract for Legal Services Concurrence Vote Passed - House (73 - 52)
March 27, 2025 NH HB 613 Authorizes a Cities to Not Provide Accessible Voting Machines Provided They Posted an Announcement At Least 3 Months Before the Election Asking Voters to Request the Machines be Available in Writing "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (197 - 158)
March 26, 2025 IA HF 972 Requires the Iowa Health and Human Services Department (HHS) to Use No More than $150 Million Federal Funds to Create 115 New Medical Residency Slots at State Teaching Hospitals Bill Passed - House (95 - 1)
March 25, 2025 KS HB 2304 Requires Local Governments to Report Certain Local Economic Development Incentive Program Information to the Kansas Department of Commerce Concurrence Vote Passed - House (88 - 37)
March 24, 2025 KS HB 2109 Exempts Public Utilities from Civil Liability to the Attachment, Access, Operation, Maintenance or Removal of Law Enforcement Equipment Concurrence Vote Passed - House (78 - 44)
March 24, 2025 OK HB 1221 Establishes the State Accounts for Federal Expenditures Act (SAFE Act) Bill Passed - House (78 - 18)
March 19, 2025 KS SB 104 Establishes Additional Flexibility to the Shawnee County Board of County Commissioners to Make a Citizens Commission on Local Government Bill Passed - House (119 - 4)
March 18, 2025 WI AB 24 Requires State Assistance with Federal Immigration Enforcement Bill Passed - House (51 - 43)
March 17, 2025 CO HB 25-1093 Extends and Expands the State's Prohibition on Anti-Growth Laws in Urban Areas Concurrence Vote Passed - House (47 - 16)
March 10, 2025 WA HB 1321 Prohibits Any Federal Armed Forces from Entering the State Without Governor Authority Bill Passed - House (58 - 37)
March 4, 2025 WY SF 171 Amends Requirements for Conducting Boundary Surveys of Cities and Towns Bill Passed - House (59 - 1)
Feb. 27, 2025 OR HB 2010 Appropriates Federal Funding for Expansion of Oregon's Medicaid Program Bill Passed - House (40 - 15)
Feb. 20, 2025 KS HB 2101 Prohibits Municipalities from Adopting and Implementing a Guaranteed Income Program Bill Passed - House (86 - 37)
Feb. 20, 2025 IN HB 1008 Establishes a Commission to Analyze Possible County Secession from Illinois to Indiana Bill Passed - House (69 - 25)
Feb. 18, 2025 WY SF 40 Increases Petition Threshold to Trigger City Council Votes Bill Passed - House (52 - 9)
Feb. 18, 2025 ID H 96 Prohibits Government Entities from Displaying Certain Flags Bill Passed - House (53 - 17)
Feb. 17, 2025 ND HB 1442 Establishes a State Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE) Task Force Bill Passed - House (88 - 2)
Feb. 13, 2025 MO HB 75 Prohibits Any Public Official from Restricting Access to Places of Worship Bill Passed - House (106 - 38)
Feb. 13, 2025 MT HB 270 Limits State Agency Overreach by Focusing Reviews on Measurable, Localized Impacts Bill Passed - House (99 - 0)
Feb. 7, 2025 MT HB 221 Amends Municipal Election Dates from Odd to Even-Numbered Years Bill Passed - House (57 - 42)
Feb. 6, 2025 NH HB 511 Prohibits Sanctuary City Policies in the State "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (351 - 6)
Feb. 4, 2025 VA HB 2277 Establishes Regulations for Electoral Board Members Bill Passed - House (51 - 47)
Feb. 3, 2025 SD SB 7 Prohibits Sanctuary City Policies in the State Bill Passed - House (62 - 6)
Feb. 3, 2025 CA SB 2 Appropriates $25 Million for the State Department of Justice to Pay for Legal Battles Involving the Federal Government Bill Passed - House (58 - 17)
Jan. 28, 2025 ND HB 1259 Prohibits the Observation of Daylight Savings Time Bill Passed - House (55 - 37)
Jan. 24, 2025 ND HB 1298 Increases the State Interstate Speed Limit from 75 to 80 Miles Per Hour Bill Passed - House (69 - 22)
Jan. 21, 2025 National HR 187 MAPWaters Act Bill Passed - House (413 - 0)
Dec. 18, 2024 OH HB 315 Authorizes Local Governments to Establish Township Preservation Commissions Concurrence Vote Passed - House (76 - 7)
Dec. 18, 2024 OH HB 331 Requires an Audit of State Rural Villages Every 10 Years After the U.S. Census Concurrence Vote Passed - House (88 - 1)
Dec. 18, 2024 National S 3857 Jamul Indian Village Land Transfer Act Bill Passed - House (369 - 37)
Dec. 10, 2024 National S 3613 Improving Federal Building Security Act of 2024 Bill Passed - House (410 - 6)
Dec. 5, 2024 National S 709 Federal Agency Performance Act Bill Passed - House (389 - 6)
Dec. 5, 2024 National HR 9598 Office of National Drug Control Policy Reauthorization Act of 2024 Bill Passed - House (399 - 1)
Dec. 4, 2024 National HR 8219 Lahaina National Heritage Area Study Act Bill Passed - House (378 - 25)
Dec. 4, 2024 National HR 390 Maurice D. Hinchey Hudson River Valley National Heritage Area Enhancement Act Bill Passed - House (378 - 16)
Oct. 8, 2024 WV HB 244 Establishes a Limited Moratorium on New Municipal Fire Fees Imposed on Non-Municipal Residents Bill Passed - House (79 - 12)
July 31, 2024 NC HB 556 Prohibits Landlords from Refusing Tenants Based on their Lawful Source of Income and Clarifies Changes to Ordinances in North Carolina Veto Override Passed - House (74 - 40)
June 26, 2024 NC HB 556 Prohibits Landlords from Refusing Tenants Based on their Lawful Source of Income and Clarifies Changes to Ordinances in North Carolina Concurrence Vote Passed - House (74 - 39)
June 26, 2024 PA HB 2268 Requires Casualty Insurance Provide Speech Therapy Coverage for Stuttering Bill Passed - House (181 - 21)
June 26, 2024 OH HB 315 Authorizes Local Governments to Establish Township Preservation Commissions Bill Passed - House (95 - 0)
June 20, 2024 MI HB 5557 Requires Zoning and Growth Plans to Forecast and Take Into Account Housing Needs Bill Passed - House (68 - 41)
June 20, 2024 MI HB 5779 Requires Autonomy be Returned to Certain Local Governments on Bridge Infrastructure Bill Passed - House (56 - 25)
June 12, 2024 OH HB 331 Requires an Audit of State Rural Villages Every 10 Years After the U.S. Census Bill Passed - House (88 - 3)
June 8, 2024 NY S 9679 Authorizes Cannabis Showcase Event Permits to be Issued by a Board to Regulate the Sale of Cannabis Bill Passed - House (103 - 38)
May 30, 2024 LA HB 492 Establishes Eminent Domain Authority for Carbon Dioxide Pipeline Construction Conference Report Adopted - House (88 - 2)
May 22, 2024 CA AB 3233 Requires Reinforcement of Local Governments' Authority Over Oil and Gas Production Bill Passed - House (43 - 14)
May 21, 2024 National HR 5863 Federal Disaster Tax Relief Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (382 - 7)
May 21, 2024 CA AB 2064 Establishes the Community Violence Interdiction Grant Program to Give Communities Funding to Decrease Levels of Violence Bill Passed - House (64 - 7)
May 21, 2024 CA AB 1802 Requires California Highway Patrol to Coordinate with the Department of Justice to Set Up Local Crime Task Committees in Areas Subject to High Crime Levels Bill Passed - House (72 - 0)
May 15, 2024 National HR 4510 National Telecommunications and Information Administration Reauthorization Act (NTIA) of 2023 Bill Passed - House (374 - 36)
May 15, 2024 National HR 7530 DC CRIMES Act Bill Passed - House (225 - 181)
May 13, 2024 AK SB 152 Establishes Community Energy Facilities and Programs Bill Passed - House (24 - 15)
May 9, 2024 MO HB 2134 Requires Industrial Wastewater and Meatpacking Sludge be Regulated by the Department of Natural Resources Concurrence Vote Passed - House (149 - 8)
May 7, 2024 AL SB 328 Authorizes the Creation of Community Development Districts Bill Passed - House (71 - 4)
May 6, 2024 CO SB 24-150 Requires Municipal Solid Waste Combustion Facilities be Ineligible for State Tax Incentives Bill Passed - House (41 - 17)
May 3, 2024 CT HB 5474 Requires All Municipalities Submit an Annual Report to the Office of Responsible Growth Bill Passed - House (99 - 51)
May 1, 2024 HI SB 2512 Establishes Notice and Reporting Requirements for the Governor to Use Public Resources During Emergencies Conference Report Adopted - House (49 - 2)
May 1, 2024 HI SB 2557 Authorizes a Court to Appoint an Attorney for the Subject of a Petition for Assisted Community Treatment Conference Report Adopted - House (45 - 6)
April 30, 2024 RI H 7271 Authorizes the Appointment of Magistrates for Family Court Procedures Bill Passed - House (62 - 9)
April 23, 2024 OK SB 1200 Requires Year Round Daylight Savings Time if Approved Federally by Congress Bill Passed - House (67 - 29)
April 16, 2024 IA SF 2385 Establishes Rules on Local Governing Bodies Bill Passed - House (54 - 42)
April 12, 2024 AK HCR 13 Establishes Recognition of the NSCL on it's 50th Anniversary Joint Resolution Passed - House (31 - 7)
April 11, 2024 National S 382 Puyallup Tribe of Indians Land Into Trust Confirmation Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (301 - 15)
April 2, 2024 ME LD 1578 Requires Adoption of the Interstate Compact to Elect the President of the United States by National Popular Vote Concurrence Vote Passed - House (73 - 72)
March 28, 2024 GA HB 1105 Establishes Penalties for Sheriff's that Refuse to Follow Federal Immigration Orders Concurrence Vote Passed - House (99 - 75)
March 27, 2024 MO HB 2142 Expands Broadband Internet Access for Rural Communities Bill Passed - House (146 - 0)
March 26, 2024 GA SB 502 Prohibits State Agencies from Contracting with Certain Companies for Marketing Purposes Bill Passed - House (103 - 64)
March 14, 2024 TN HB 2124 Requires Local Law Enforcement Cooperation with Federal Immigration Authorities Bill Passed - House (74 - 22)
Date No. Title Outcome
4/16 HB 25-1321 Appropriates $4 million to the Governor's Office for Legal Costs of Defending Colorado Against Trump Administration Efforts to Withhold Funding Bill Passed - House (43 - 22)
4/10 SB 269 Requires Future Income Tax and Privilege Tax Rate Decreases to be Contingent on Exceeding Revenue Estimates Veto Override Passed - House (87 - 37)
4/10 HB 511 Prohibits Sanctuary City Policies in the State "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (211 - 161)
4/02 HB 13 Establishes the Texas Interoperability Council Bill Passed - House (129 - 18)
3/31 SB 25-077 Increases Time for Local Governments to Respond to Records Requests from the Public and Businesses While Exempting Journalists from the Delays Bill Passed - House (45 - 19)
3/31 SB 326 Prohibits Local Governments From Hosting or Funding "Obscene" Performances Bill Passed - House (72 - 20)
3/28 H 96 Prohibits Government Entities from Displaying Certain Flags Concurrence Vote Passed - House (54 - 13)
3/27 HB 2228 Requires that Political Subdivisions Hold an Open Meeting to Discuss a Contingency Fee Contract for Legal Services Concurrence Vote Passed - House (73 - 52)
3/27 HB 613 Authorizes a Cities to Not Provide Accessible Voting Machines Provided They Posted an Announcement At Least 3 Months Before the Election Asking Voters to Request the Machines be Available in Writing "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (197 - 158)
3/26 HF 972 Requires the Iowa Health and Human Services Department (HHS) to Use No More than $150 Million Federal Funds to Create 115 New Medical Residency Slots at State Teaching Hospitals Bill Passed - House (95 - 1)
3/25 HB 2304 Requires Local Governments to Report Certain Local Economic Development Incentive Program Information to the Kansas Department of Commerce Concurrence Vote Passed - House (88 - 37)
3/24 HB 2109 Exempts Public Utilities from Civil Liability to the Attachment, Access, Operation, Maintenance or Removal of Law Enforcement Equipment Concurrence Vote Passed - House (78 - 44)
3/24 HB 1221 Establishes the State Accounts for Federal Expenditures Act (SAFE Act) Bill Passed - House (78 - 18)
3/19 SB 104 Establishes Additional Flexibility to the Shawnee County Board of County Commissioners to Make a Citizens Commission on Local Government Bill Passed - House (119 - 4)
3/18 AB 24 Requires State Assistance with Federal Immigration Enforcement Bill Passed - House (51 - 43)
3/17 HB 25-1093 Extends and Expands the State's Prohibition on Anti-Growth Laws in Urban Areas Concurrence Vote Passed - House (47 - 16)
3/10 HB 1321 Prohibits Any Federal Armed Forces from Entering the State Without Governor Authority Bill Passed - House (58 - 37)
3/04 SF 171 Amends Requirements for Conducting Boundary Surveys of Cities and Towns Bill Passed - House (59 - 1)
2/27 HB 2010 Appropriates Federal Funding for Expansion of Oregon's Medicaid Program Bill Passed - House (40 - 15)
2/20 HB 2101 Prohibits Municipalities from Adopting and Implementing a Guaranteed Income Program Bill Passed - House (86 - 37)
2/20 HB 1008 Establishes a Commission to Analyze Possible County Secession from Illinois to Indiana Bill Passed - House (69 - 25)
2/18 SF 40 Increases Petition Threshold to Trigger City Council Votes Bill Passed - House (52 - 9)
2/18 H 96 Prohibits Government Entities from Displaying Certain Flags Bill Passed - House (53 - 17)
2/17 HB 1442 Establishes a State Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE) Task Force Bill Passed - House (88 - 2)
2/13 HB 75 Prohibits Any Public Official from Restricting Access to Places of Worship Bill Passed - House (106 - 38)
2/13 HB 270 Limits State Agency Overreach by Focusing Reviews on Measurable, Localized Impacts Bill Passed - House (99 - 0)
2/07 HB 221 Amends Municipal Election Dates from Odd to Even-Numbered Years Bill Passed - House (57 - 42)
2/06 HB 511 Prohibits Sanctuary City Policies in the State "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (351 - 6)
2/04 HB 2277 Establishes Regulations for Electoral Board Members Bill Passed - House (51 - 47)
2/03 SB 7 Prohibits Sanctuary City Policies in the State Bill Passed - House (62 - 6)
2/03 SB 2 Appropriates $25 Million for the State Department of Justice to Pay for Legal Battles Involving the Federal Government Bill Passed - House (58 - 17)
1/28 HB 1259 Prohibits the Observation of Daylight Savings Time Bill Passed - House (55 - 37)
1/24 HB 1298 Increases the State Interstate Speed Limit from 75 to 80 Miles Per Hour Bill Passed - House (69 - 22)
1/21 HR 187 MAPWaters Act Bill Passed - House (413 - 0)
12/18 HB 315 Authorizes Local Governments to Establish Township Preservation Commissions Concurrence Vote Passed - House (76 - 7)
12/18 HB 331 Requires an Audit of State Rural Villages Every 10 Years After the U.S. Census Concurrence Vote Passed - House (88 - 1)
12/18 S 3857 Jamul Indian Village Land Transfer Act Bill Passed - House (369 - 37)
12/10 S 3613 Improving Federal Building Security Act of 2024 Bill Passed - House (410 - 6)
12/05 S 709 Federal Agency Performance Act Bill Passed - House (389 - 6)
12/05 HR 9598 Office of National Drug Control Policy Reauthorization Act of 2024 Bill Passed - House (399 - 1)
12/04 HR 8219 Lahaina National Heritage Area Study Act Bill Passed - House (378 - 25)
12/04 HR 390 Maurice D. Hinchey Hudson River Valley National Heritage Area Enhancement Act Bill Passed - House (378 - 16)
10/08 HB 244 Establishes a Limited Moratorium on New Municipal Fire Fees Imposed on Non-Municipal Residents Bill Passed - House (79 - 12)
7/31 HB 556 Prohibits Landlords from Refusing Tenants Based on their Lawful Source of Income and Clarifies Changes to Ordinances in North Carolina Veto Override Passed - House (74 - 40)
6/26 HB 556 Prohibits Landlords from Refusing Tenants Based on their Lawful Source of Income and Clarifies Changes to Ordinances in North Carolina Concurrence Vote Passed - House (74 - 39)
6/26 HB 2268 Requires Casualty Insurance Provide Speech Therapy Coverage for Stuttering Bill Passed - House (181 - 21)
6/26 HB 315 Authorizes Local Governments to Establish Township Preservation Commissions Bill Passed - House (95 - 0)
6/20 HB 5557 Requires Zoning and Growth Plans to Forecast and Take Into Account Housing Needs Bill Passed - House (68 - 41)
6/20 HB 5779 Requires Autonomy be Returned to Certain Local Governments on Bridge Infrastructure Bill Passed - House (56 - 25)
6/12 HB 331 Requires an Audit of State Rural Villages Every 10 Years After the U.S. Census Bill Passed - House (88 - 3)
6/08 S 9679 Authorizes Cannabis Showcase Event Permits to be Issued by a Board to Regulate the Sale of Cannabis Bill Passed - House (103 - 38)
5/30 HB 492 Establishes Eminent Domain Authority for Carbon Dioxide Pipeline Construction Conference Report Adopted - House (88 - 2)
5/22 AB 3233 Requires Reinforcement of Local Governments' Authority Over Oil and Gas Production Bill Passed - House (43 - 14)
5/21 HR 5863 Federal Disaster Tax Relief Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (382 - 7)
5/21 AB 2064 Establishes the Community Violence Interdiction Grant Program to Give Communities Funding to Decrease Levels of Violence Bill Passed - House (64 - 7)
5/21 AB 1802 Requires California Highway Patrol to Coordinate with the Department of Justice to Set Up Local Crime Task Committees in Areas Subject to High Crime Levels Bill Passed - House (72 - 0)
5/15 HR 4510 National Telecommunications and Information Administration Reauthorization Act (NTIA) of 2023 Bill Passed - House (374 - 36)
5/15 HR 7530 DC CRIMES Act Bill Passed - House (225 - 181)
5/13 SB 152 Establishes Community Energy Facilities and Programs Bill Passed - House (24 - 15)
5/09 HB 2134 Requires Industrial Wastewater and Meatpacking Sludge be Regulated by the Department of Natural Resources Concurrence Vote Passed - House (149 - 8)
5/07 SB 328 Authorizes the Creation of Community Development Districts Bill Passed - House (71 - 4)
5/06 SB 24-150 Requires Municipal Solid Waste Combustion Facilities be Ineligible for State Tax Incentives Bill Passed - House (41 - 17)
5/03 HB 5474 Requires All Municipalities Submit an Annual Report to the Office of Responsible Growth Bill Passed - House (99 - 51)
5/01 SB 2512 Establishes Notice and Reporting Requirements for the Governor to Use Public Resources During Emergencies Conference Report Adopted - House (49 - 2)
5/01 SB 2557 Authorizes a Court to Appoint an Attorney for the Subject of a Petition for Assisted Community Treatment Conference Report Adopted - House (45 - 6)
4/30 H 7271 Authorizes the Appointment of Magistrates for Family Court Procedures Bill Passed - House (62 - 9)
4/23 SB 1200 Requires Year Round Daylight Savings Time if Approved Federally by Congress Bill Passed - House (67 - 29)
4/16 SF 2385 Establishes Rules on Local Governing Bodies Bill Passed - House (54 - 42)
4/12 HCR 13 Establishes Recognition of the NSCL on it's 50th Anniversary Joint Resolution Passed - House (31 - 7)
4/11 S 382 Puyallup Tribe of Indians Land Into Trust Confirmation Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (301 - 15)
4/02 LD 1578 Requires Adoption of the Interstate Compact to Elect the President of the United States by National Popular Vote Concurrence Vote Passed - House (73 - 72)
3/28 HB 1105 Establishes Penalties for Sheriff's that Refuse to Follow Federal Immigration Orders Concurrence Vote Passed - House (99 - 75)
3/27 HB 2142 Expands Broadband Internet Access for Rural Communities Bill Passed - House (146 - 0)
3/26 SB 502 Prohibits State Agencies from Contracting with Certain Companies for Marketing Purposes Bill Passed - House (103 - 64)
3/14 HB 2124 Requires Local Law Enforcement Cooperation with Federal Immigration Authorities Bill Passed - House (74 - 22)

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