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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

Page 13 of 259
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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Aug. 1, 2025 TX SB 11 (Special Session) Authorizes the State Attorney General the Power to Prosecute Election Crimes Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 12)
July 31, 2025 National PN 26-42 Nomination of Gadyaces Serralta to be Director of the United States Marshals Service Nomination Confirmed - Senate (59 - 39)
July 30, 2025 National PN 129-4 Nomination of Thomas Gaiser to be an Assistant Attorney General Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 45)
July 30, 2025 National PN 129-4 Nomination of Thomas Gaiser to be an Assistant Attorney General Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 47)
July 30, 2025 National PN 26-42 Nomination of Gadyaces Serralta to be Director of the United States Marshals Service Cloture Invoked - Senate (59 - 38)
July 29, 2025 NC SB 416 Prohibits Public Agencies from "Collecting, Disclosing, or Releasing Personal Information" About Individuals Associated with 501(c) Nonprofits, With Exceptions Allowed by State or Federal Law. Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
July 29, 2025 NC HB 193 Authorizes Certain Employees and Volunteers to Carry a Concealed Handgun on Private School Property with Permission from the Property Owner Veto Override Passed - House (72 - 48)
July 29, 2025 NC HB 318 Reduces the Timeline for Law Enforcement to Alert ICE before an Undocumented Immigrant Criminal Suspect is Released Veto Override Passed - House (72 - 48)
July 29, 2025 NC HB 318 Reduces the Timeline for Law Enforcement to Alert ICE before an Undocumented Immigrant Criminal Suspect is Released Veto Override Passed - House (72 - 48)
July 29, 2025 NC HB 805 Defines Sex in North Carolina State Law Based on Biological Attributes and Amends Relevant Laws Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
July 29, 2025 NC HB 805 Defines Sex in North Carolina State Law Based on Biological Attributes and Amends Relevant Laws Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
July 29, 2025 NC HB 805 Defines Sex in North Carolina State Law Based on Biological Attributes and Amends Relevant Laws Veto Override Passed - House (72 - 48)
July 29, 2025 NC HB 805 Defines Sex in North Carolina State Law Based on Biological Attributes and Amends Relevant Laws Veto Override Passed - House (72 - 48)
July 29, 2025 NC HB 193 Authorizes Certain Employees and Volunteers to Carry a Concealed Handgun on Private School Property with Permission from the Property Owner Veto Override Passed - Senate (29 - 19)
July 29, 2025 NC SB 153 Requires the Department of Public Safety to Cooperate with Federal Immigration Officials Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
July 29, 2025 NC SB 416 Prohibits Public Agencies from "Collecting, Disclosing, or Releasing Personal Information" About Individuals Associated with 501(c) Nonprofits, With Exceptions Allowed by State or Federal Law. Veto Override Passed - House (74 - 46)
July 29, 2025 NC HB 318 Reduces the Timeline for Law Enforcement to Alert ICE before an Undocumented Immigrant Criminal Suspect is Released Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
July 29, 2025 NC HB 318 Reduces the Timeline for Law Enforcement to Alert ICE before an Undocumented Immigrant Criminal Suspect is Released Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
July 29, 2025 NC SB 153 Requires State Police to Cooperate with Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and Authorizes Individuals to Sue Local Governments for Crimes Committed by Undocumented Immigrants Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
July 29, 2025 NC SB 153 Requires State Police to Cooperate with Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and Authorizes Individuals to Sue Local Governments for Crimes Committed by Undocumented Immigrants Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
July 29, 2025 NC SB 50 Establishes State Constitutional Concealed Carry Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
July 29, 2025 NC SB 558 Prohibits the Promotion of "Divisive Concepts" and DEI at State Universities Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
July 29, 2025 NC SB 227 Prohibits the Teaching of "Divisive Concepts" in Public Schools Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
July 24, 2025 MA S 2565 Requires Law Enforcement in Massachusetts to Provide Training and Resources Regarding the Blue Envelope Program Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
July 22, 2025 National PN 26-11 Nomination of Terrance Cole to be Administrator of Drug Enforcement Nomination Confirmed - Senate (50 - 47)
July 22, 2025 National HR 1917 Great Lakes Mass Marking Program Act Bill Passed - House (360 - 57)
July 21, 2025 National PN 26-11 Nomination of Terrance Cole to be Administrator of Drug Enforcement Cloture Invoked - Senate (44 - 43)
July 17, 2025 MA S 2550 Amends Various Laws Relating to Child Custody in Massachusetts Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
July 15, 2025 National PN 26-15 Nomination of Joseph Edlow to be Director of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, Department of Homeland Security Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 47)
July 15, 2025 National PN 26-15 Nomination of Joseph Edlow to be Director of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, Department of Homeland Security Cloture Invoked - Senate (50 - 46)
July 14, 2025 CA AB 379 Increases Penalties for Prostitution Violations Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 2)
July 14, 2025 National S 1596 Jocelyn Nungaray National Wildlife Refuge Act Bill Passed - House (372 - 0)
July 3, 2025 CA AB 1138 Expands California's Film and Television Tax Credit Program Concurrence Vote Passed - House (69 - 1)
July 3, 2025 CA AB 1138 Expands California's Film and Television Tax Credit Program Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 2)
July 1, 2025 MI HB 4390 Authorizes Michigan Law Enforcement to Administer Roadside Oral Fluid Tests Bill Passed - House (61 - 44)
July 1, 2025 MI HB 4391 Authorizes a Peace Officer to Require a Person to Submit to a Preliminary Chemical Breath Analysis Bill Passed - House (61 - 44)
July 1, 2025 MI HB 4390 Authorizes Michigan Law Enforcement to Administer Roadside Oral Fluid Tests Bill Passed - House (61 - 44)
June 30, 2025 PA HB 640 Amends and Updates Annual Reporting Requirements for the Department of Drug and Alcohol Programs Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (46 - 4)
June 30, 2025 DE SB 10 Authorizes People to Apply for Sentence Modification Based on the Person's Serious Medical Illness, Age, and Time Served Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (19 - 2)
June 30, 2025 PA HB 1431 Repeals the Prohibition on Sunday Hunting Concurrence Vote Passed - House (142 - 61)
June 30, 2025 PA SB 95 Authorizes Emergency Medical Service Providers to Leave Naloxone With a Caregiver of an Overdose Patient Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (48 - 2)
June 30, 2025 PA HB 354 Establishes the "What is Your Pennsylvania Story" School Program Concurrence Vote Passed - House (199 - 4)
June 30, 2025 NJ A 1682 Requires Labor Movement History be Included in Social Studies Curriculum for Grades 6-12 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (76 - 3)
June 30, 2025 PA HB 640 Amends and Updates Annual Reporting Requirements for the Department of Drug and Alcohol Programs Concurrence Vote Passed - House (183 - 20)
June 30, 2025 PA SB 95 Authorizes Emergency Medical Service Providers to Leave Naloxone With a Caregiver of an Overdose Patient Bill Passed - House (126 - 77)
June 30, 2025 NJ A 1682 Requires Labor Movement History be Included in Social Studies Curriculum for Grades 6-12 Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 3)
June 30, 2025 DE HB 119 Ensure Books are Not Removed from Public and School Libraries for Identity-Based, Ideological or Religious Reasons Bill Passed - Senate (14 - 6)
June 30, 2025 DE HB 182 Prohibits Law-Enforcement Agencies from Entering into Agreements with Federal Immigration Authorities to Enforce Immigration Violations or Share Related Data Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 3)
June 30, 2025 NJ S 4506 Exempts Minor League Baseball Players from State Wage Laws Under Certain Circumstances Bill Passed - House (78 - 1)
June 30, 2025 DE HB 152 Increases the Penalty for Impersonation of a Law-Enforcement Official Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 0)
Date No. Title Outcome
8/01 SB 11 (Special Session) Authorizes the State Attorney General the Power to Prosecute Election Crimes Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 12)
7/31 PN 26-42 Nomination of Gadyaces Serralta to be Director of the United States Marshals Service Nomination Confirmed - Senate (59 - 39)
7/30 PN 129-4 Nomination of Thomas Gaiser to be an Assistant Attorney General Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 45)
7/30 PN 129-4 Nomination of Thomas Gaiser to be an Assistant Attorney General Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 47)
7/30 PN 26-42 Nomination of Gadyaces Serralta to be Director of the United States Marshals Service Cloture Invoked - Senate (59 - 38)
7/29 SB 416 Prohibits Public Agencies from "Collecting, Disclosing, or Releasing Personal Information" About Individuals Associated with 501(c) Nonprofits, With Exceptions Allowed by State or Federal Law. Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
7/29 HB 193 Authorizes Certain Employees and Volunteers to Carry a Concealed Handgun on Private School Property with Permission from the Property Owner Veto Override Passed - House (72 - 48)
7/29 HB 318 Reduces the Timeline for Law Enforcement to Alert ICE before an Undocumented Immigrant Criminal Suspect is Released Veto Override Passed - House (72 - 48)
7/29 HB 318 Reduces the Timeline for Law Enforcement to Alert ICE before an Undocumented Immigrant Criminal Suspect is Released Veto Override Passed - House (72 - 48)
7/29 HB 805 Defines Sex in North Carolina State Law Based on Biological Attributes and Amends Relevant Laws Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
7/29 HB 805 Defines Sex in North Carolina State Law Based on Biological Attributes and Amends Relevant Laws Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
7/29 HB 805 Defines Sex in North Carolina State Law Based on Biological Attributes and Amends Relevant Laws Veto Override Passed - House (72 - 48)
7/29 HB 805 Defines Sex in North Carolina State Law Based on Biological Attributes and Amends Relevant Laws Veto Override Passed - House (72 - 48)
7/29 HB 193 Authorizes Certain Employees and Volunteers to Carry a Concealed Handgun on Private School Property with Permission from the Property Owner Veto Override Passed - Senate (29 - 19)
7/29 SB 153 Requires the Department of Public Safety to Cooperate with Federal Immigration Officials Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
7/29 SB 416 Prohibits Public Agencies from "Collecting, Disclosing, or Releasing Personal Information" About Individuals Associated with 501(c) Nonprofits, With Exceptions Allowed by State or Federal Law. Veto Override Passed - House (74 - 46)
7/29 HB 318 Reduces the Timeline for Law Enforcement to Alert ICE before an Undocumented Immigrant Criminal Suspect is Released Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
7/29 HB 318 Reduces the Timeline for Law Enforcement to Alert ICE before an Undocumented Immigrant Criminal Suspect is Released Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
7/29 SB 153 Requires State Police to Cooperate with Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and Authorizes Individuals to Sue Local Governments for Crimes Committed by Undocumented Immigrants Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
7/29 SB 153 Requires State Police to Cooperate with Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and Authorizes Individuals to Sue Local Governments for Crimes Committed by Undocumented Immigrants Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
7/29 SB 50 Establishes State Constitutional Concealed Carry Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
7/29 SB 558 Prohibits the Promotion of "Divisive Concepts" and DEI at State Universities Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
7/29 SB 227 Prohibits the Teaching of "Divisive Concepts" in Public Schools Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
7/24 S 2565 Requires Law Enforcement in Massachusetts to Provide Training and Resources Regarding the Blue Envelope Program Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
7/22 PN 26-11 Nomination of Terrance Cole to be Administrator of Drug Enforcement Nomination Confirmed - Senate (50 - 47)
7/22 HR 1917 Great Lakes Mass Marking Program Act Bill Passed - House (360 - 57)
7/21 PN 26-11 Nomination of Terrance Cole to be Administrator of Drug Enforcement Cloture Invoked - Senate (44 - 43)
7/17 S 2550 Amends Various Laws Relating to Child Custody in Massachusetts Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
7/15 PN 26-15 Nomination of Joseph Edlow to be Director of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, Department of Homeland Security Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 47)
7/15 PN 26-15 Nomination of Joseph Edlow to be Director of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, Department of Homeland Security Cloture Invoked - Senate (50 - 46)
7/14 AB 379 Increases Penalties for Prostitution Violations Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 2)
7/14 S 1596 Jocelyn Nungaray National Wildlife Refuge Act Bill Passed - House (372 - 0)
7/03 AB 1138 Expands California's Film and Television Tax Credit Program Concurrence Vote Passed - House (69 - 1)
7/03 AB 1138 Expands California's Film and Television Tax Credit Program Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 2)
7/01 HB 4390 Authorizes Michigan Law Enforcement to Administer Roadside Oral Fluid Tests Bill Passed - House (61 - 44)
7/01 HB 4391 Authorizes a Peace Officer to Require a Person to Submit to a Preliminary Chemical Breath Analysis Bill Passed - House (61 - 44)
7/01 HB 4390 Authorizes Michigan Law Enforcement to Administer Roadside Oral Fluid Tests Bill Passed - House (61 - 44)
6/30 HB 640 Amends and Updates Annual Reporting Requirements for the Department of Drug and Alcohol Programs Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (46 - 4)
6/30 SB 10 Authorizes People to Apply for Sentence Modification Based on the Person's Serious Medical Illness, Age, and Time Served Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (19 - 2)
6/30 HB 1431 Repeals the Prohibition on Sunday Hunting Concurrence Vote Passed - House (142 - 61)
6/30 SB 95 Authorizes Emergency Medical Service Providers to Leave Naloxone With a Caregiver of an Overdose Patient Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (48 - 2)
6/30 HB 354 Establishes the "What is Your Pennsylvania Story" School Program Concurrence Vote Passed - House (199 - 4)
6/30 A 1682 Requires Labor Movement History be Included in Social Studies Curriculum for Grades 6-12 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (76 - 3)
6/30 HB 640 Amends and Updates Annual Reporting Requirements for the Department of Drug and Alcohol Programs Concurrence Vote Passed - House (183 - 20)
6/30 SB 95 Authorizes Emergency Medical Service Providers to Leave Naloxone With a Caregiver of an Overdose Patient Bill Passed - House (126 - 77)
6/30 A 1682 Requires Labor Movement History be Included in Social Studies Curriculum for Grades 6-12 Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 3)
6/30 HB 119 Ensure Books are Not Removed from Public and School Libraries for Identity-Based, Ideological or Religious Reasons Bill Passed - Senate (14 - 6)
6/30 HB 182 Prohibits Law-Enforcement Agencies from Entering into Agreements with Federal Immigration Authorities to Enforce Immigration Violations or Share Related Data Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 3)
6/30 S 4506 Exempts Minor League Baseball Players from State Wage Laws Under Certain Circumstances Bill Passed - House (78 - 1)
6/30 HB 152 Increases the Penalty for Impersonation of a Law-Enforcement Official Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 0)
Page 13 of 259
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