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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Feb. 13, 2025 National HR 35 Agent Raul Gonzalez Officer Safety Act Bill Passed - House (264 - 155)
Feb. 13, 2025 AL SB 63 Requires Law Enforcement Agencies to Collect and Submit Fingerprints and DNA from Undocumented Immigrants in Custody Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 7)
Feb. 10, 2025 ID H 83 Authorizes Law Enforcement to Regulate Undocumented Immigrants if They are Involved in Crimes Bill Passed - House (61 - 9)
Feb. 6, 2025 NH HB 511 Prohibits Sanctuary City Policies in the State "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (351 - 6)
Feb. 4, 2025 IN HB 1393 Requires Law Enforcement to Report Arrestees for Suspected Illegal Immigration Status Bill Passed - House (67 - 26)
Feb. 3, 2025 CA SB 2 Appropriates $25 Million for the State Department of Justice to Pay for Legal Battles Involving the Federal Government Bill Passed - House (58 - 17)
Feb. 3, 2025 SD SB 7 Prohibits Sanctuary City Policies in the State Bill Passed - House (62 - 6)
Feb. 3, 2025 IN SB 430 Appropriates Grants to Law Enforcement Agencies that Seek Training with ICE Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 9)
Jan. 30, 2025 TN SB 6002 Establishes Class E Felony Criminal Penalties for Officials Who Adopt Sanctuary City Policies Bill Passed - House (72 - 21)
Jan. 30, 2025 NH SB 71 Prohibits Sanctuary City Policies in the State "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (15 - 8)
Jan. 30, 2025 NH SB 13 Prohibits the State from Recognizing Licenses Issued to Undocumented Immigrants in Other States "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (15 - 8)
Jan. 30, 2025 NH SB 62 Authorizes Law Enforcement Officials to Enter into Agreements with ICE "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (15 - 8)
Jan. 29, 2025 TN SB 6002 Establishes Class E Felony Criminal Penalties for Officials Who Adopt Sanctuary City Policies Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 7)
Jan. 23, 2025 CA SB 2 Appropriates $25 Million for the State Department of Justice to Pay for Legal Battles Involving the Federal Government Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 8)
Jan. 22, 2025 National S 5 Laken Riley Act Bill Passed - House (263 - 156)
Jan. 20, 2025 National S 5 Laken Riley Act Bill Passed - Senate (64 - 35)
Jan. 17, 2025 National S 5 Laken Riley Act Cloture Invoked - Senate (61 - 35)
Jan. 16, 2025 National HR 30 Preventing Violence Against Women by Illegal Aliens Act Bill Passed - House (274 - 145)
Jan. 13, 2025 National S 5 Laken Riley Act Motion Agreed - Senate (82 - 10)
Jan. 8, 2025 National S 5 Laken Riley Act Cloture Invoked - Senate (84 - 9)
Jan. 7, 2025 National HR 29 Laken Riley Act Bill Passed - House (264 - 159)
Sept. 20, 2024 National HR 5717 No Bailout for Sanctuary Cities Act Bill Passed - House (219 - 186)
Sept. 18, 2024 National HR 7909 Violence Against Women by Illegal Aliens Act Bill Passed - House (266 - 158)
July 25, 2024 National H Res 1371 Strongly condemning the Biden Administration and its Border Czar, Kamala Harris's, failure to secure the United States border. Resolution Passed - House (220 - 196)
June 25, 2024 National HR 2789 American Cooperation with Our Neighbors Act Bill Passed - House (368 - 19)
June 15, 2024 AZ HCR 2038 Defines "Drug Cartels" as Terrorist Organizations Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (15 - 14)
June 13, 2024 NH HB 1292 Amends State Sanctuary City Policies Conference Report Adopted - Senate (14 - 10)
May 23, 2024 National S 4361 Border Act of 2024 Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (43 - 50)
May 23, 2024 National HR 192 To prohibit individuals who are not citizens of the United States from voting in elections in the District of Columbia Bill Passed - House (262 - 143)
May 22, 2024 IL SB 2690 Requires Public Universities to Pay or Reimburse Refugee Transcript Evaluation Fees Bill Passed - House (87 - 22)
May 16, 2024 National HR 8146 Police Our Border Act Bill Passed - House (254 - 157)
May 15, 2024 National HR 7343 Detain and Deport Illegal Aliens Who Assault Cops Act Bill Passed - House (265 - 148)
May 15, 2024 National H Res 1210 Condemning the Biden border crisis and the tremendous burdens law enforcement officers face as a result. Resolution Passed - House (223 - 185)
May 8, 2024 CO HB 24-1280 Establishes Grant Programs for Community-Based Organizations to Provide Appropriate Services for Migrants who Have Recently Arrived Concurrence Vote Passed - House (41 - 20)
May 8, 2024 CO SB 24-182 Amends the ID Requirement for the Colorado Road and Community Safety Act Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (22 - 12)
May 8, 2024 CO HB 24-1280 Establishes Grant Programs for Community-Based Organizations to Provide Appropriate Services for Migrants who Have Recently Arrived Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 12)
May 8, 2024 National HR 7109 Equal Representation Act Bill Passed - House (206 - 202)
May 7, 2024 CO SB 24-182 Amends the ID Requirement for the Colorado Road and Community Safety Act Bill Passed - House (43 - 19)
May 2, 2024 NC HB 10 Requires Sheriffs to Cooperate with ICE Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 16)
May 1, 2024 National H Res 1112 Denouncing the Biden administration's immigration policies. Resolution Passed - House (223 - 191)
April 23, 2024 OK HB 4156 Amends Various State Immigration Laws, Policies, and Restrictions Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 8)
April 20, 2024 National HR 3602 End the Border Catastrophe Act Bill Failed - House (215 - 199)
April 18, 2024 OK HB 4156 Amends Various State Immigration Laws, Policies, and Restrictions Bill Passed - House (77 - 20)
April 10, 2024 IL SB 2690 Requires Public Universities to Pay or Reimburse Refugee Transcript Evaluation Fees Bill Passed - Senate (57 - 1)
April 8, 2024 LA SB 388 Establishes Illegal Immigration as a State Crime Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 11)
March 29, 2024 ID H 753 Prohibits Illegal Entry Into Idaho Bill Passed - House (53 - 15)
March 28, 2024 GA HB 1105 Establishes Penalties for Sheriff's that Refuse to Follow Federal Immigration Orders Concurrence Vote Passed - House (99 - 75)
March 26, 2024 GA SB 132 Prohibits Undocumented Individuals from Certain Land Ownership Bill Passed - House (167 - 4)
March 25, 2024 TN HB 2124 Requires Local Law Enforcement Cooperation with Federal Immigration Authorities Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 7)
March 21, 2024 GA HB 301 Limits Law Enforcement Funding for Local Governments with Reduced Immigration Policies Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 18)
Date No. Title Outcome
2/13 HR 35 Agent Raul Gonzalez Officer Safety Act Bill Passed - House (264 - 155)
2/13 SB 63 Requires Law Enforcement Agencies to Collect and Submit Fingerprints and DNA from Undocumented Immigrants in Custody Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 7)
2/10 H 83 Authorizes Law Enforcement to Regulate Undocumented Immigrants if They are Involved in Crimes Bill Passed - House (61 - 9)
2/06 HB 511 Prohibits Sanctuary City Policies in the State "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (351 - 6)
2/04 HB 1393 Requires Law Enforcement to Report Arrestees for Suspected Illegal Immigration Status Bill Passed - House (67 - 26)
2/03 SB 2 Appropriates $25 Million for the State Department of Justice to Pay for Legal Battles Involving the Federal Government Bill Passed - House (58 - 17)
2/03 SB 7 Prohibits Sanctuary City Policies in the State Bill Passed - House (62 - 6)
2/03 SB 430 Appropriates Grants to Law Enforcement Agencies that Seek Training with ICE Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 9)
1/30 SB 6002 Establishes Class E Felony Criminal Penalties for Officials Who Adopt Sanctuary City Policies Bill Passed - House (72 - 21)
1/30 SB 71 Prohibits Sanctuary City Policies in the State "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (15 - 8)
1/30 SB 13 Prohibits the State from Recognizing Licenses Issued to Undocumented Immigrants in Other States "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (15 - 8)
1/30 SB 62 Authorizes Law Enforcement Officials to Enter into Agreements with ICE "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (15 - 8)
1/29 SB 6002 Establishes Class E Felony Criminal Penalties for Officials Who Adopt Sanctuary City Policies Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 7)
1/23 SB 2 Appropriates $25 Million for the State Department of Justice to Pay for Legal Battles Involving the Federal Government Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 8)
1/22 S 5 Laken Riley Act Bill Passed - House (263 - 156)
1/20 S 5 Laken Riley Act Bill Passed - Senate (64 - 35)
1/17 S 5 Laken Riley Act Cloture Invoked - Senate (61 - 35)
1/16 HR 30 Preventing Violence Against Women by Illegal Aliens Act Bill Passed - House (274 - 145)
1/13 S 5 Laken Riley Act Motion Agreed - Senate (82 - 10)
1/08 S 5 Laken Riley Act Cloture Invoked - Senate (84 - 9)
1/07 HR 29 Laken Riley Act Bill Passed - House (264 - 159)
9/20 HR 5717 No Bailout for Sanctuary Cities Act Bill Passed - House (219 - 186)
9/18 HR 7909 Violence Against Women by Illegal Aliens Act Bill Passed - House (266 - 158)
7/25 H Res 1371 Strongly condemning the Biden Administration and its Border Czar, Kamala Harris's, failure to secure the United States border. Resolution Passed - House (220 - 196)
6/25 HR 2789 American Cooperation with Our Neighbors Act Bill Passed - House (368 - 19)
6/15 HCR 2038 Defines "Drug Cartels" as Terrorist Organizations Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (15 - 14)
6/13 HB 1292 Amends State Sanctuary City Policies Conference Report Adopted - Senate (14 - 10)
5/23 S 4361 Border Act of 2024 Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (43 - 50)
5/23 HR 192 To prohibit individuals who are not citizens of the United States from voting in elections in the District of Columbia Bill Passed - House (262 - 143)
5/22 SB 2690 Requires Public Universities to Pay or Reimburse Refugee Transcript Evaluation Fees Bill Passed - House (87 - 22)
5/16 HR 8146 Police Our Border Act Bill Passed - House (254 - 157)
5/15 HR 7343 Detain and Deport Illegal Aliens Who Assault Cops Act Bill Passed - House (265 - 148)
5/15 H Res 1210 Condemning the Biden border crisis and the tremendous burdens law enforcement officers face as a result. Resolution Passed - House (223 - 185)
5/08 HB 24-1280 Establishes Grant Programs for Community-Based Organizations to Provide Appropriate Services for Migrants who Have Recently Arrived Concurrence Vote Passed - House (41 - 20)
5/08 SB 24-182 Amends the ID Requirement for the Colorado Road and Community Safety Act Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (22 - 12)
5/08 HB 24-1280 Establishes Grant Programs for Community-Based Organizations to Provide Appropriate Services for Migrants who Have Recently Arrived Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 12)
5/08 HR 7109 Equal Representation Act Bill Passed - House (206 - 202)
5/07 SB 24-182 Amends the ID Requirement for the Colorado Road and Community Safety Act Bill Passed - House (43 - 19)
5/02 HB 10 Requires Sheriffs to Cooperate with ICE Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 16)
5/01 H Res 1112 Denouncing the Biden administration's immigration policies. Resolution Passed - House (223 - 191)
4/23 HB 4156 Amends Various State Immigration Laws, Policies, and Restrictions Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 8)
4/20 HR 3602 End the Border Catastrophe Act Bill Failed - House (215 - 199)
4/18 HB 4156 Amends Various State Immigration Laws, Policies, and Restrictions Bill Passed - House (77 - 20)
4/10 SB 2690 Requires Public Universities to Pay or Reimburse Refugee Transcript Evaluation Fees Bill Passed - Senate (57 - 1)
4/08 SB 388 Establishes Illegal Immigration as a State Crime Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 11)
3/29 H 753 Prohibits Illegal Entry Into Idaho Bill Passed - House (53 - 15)
3/28 HB 1105 Establishes Penalties for Sheriff's that Refuse to Follow Federal Immigration Orders Concurrence Vote Passed - House (99 - 75)
3/26 SB 132 Prohibits Undocumented Individuals from Certain Land Ownership Bill Passed - House (167 - 4)
3/25 HB 2124 Requires Local Law Enforcement Cooperation with Federal Immigration Authorities Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 7)
3/21 HB 301 Limits Law Enforcement Funding for Local Governments with Reduced Immigration Policies Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 18)
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