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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Dec. 2, 2024 NC SB 382 Transfers $227 Million from North Carolina's Reserve Fund to the Helene Fund and Rescinds Election Board Appointment Powers from Governor to Auditor Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
Oct. 24, 2024 MA S 2967 Reduces Clean Energy Infrastructure Permitting Requirements Conference Report Adopted - Senate (38 - 2)
Oct. 9, 2024 NC HB 149 Appropriates Emergency Funding for the Disaster Recovery Act Part I Conference Report Adopted - Senate (48 - 0)
Oct. 8, 2024 WV HB 208 Establishes a Comprehensive Radiation Control Act in West Virginia Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 5)
Sept. 24, 2024 National PN 1342 Nomination of Michael Sfraga of Alaska to be Ambassador at Large for Arctic Affairs Nomination Confirmed - Senate (55 - 36)
Aug. 31, 2024 CA SB 219 Authorizes the State Board to Contract with a Climate Reporting Organization to Carry out the Above Described Actions that the State Board Deems Appropriate Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 4)
Aug. 30, 2024 CA SB 1374 Amends Solar Energy Tax Credits Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 9)
Aug. 30, 2024 CA SB 1053 Amends Codes on Solid Waste and Specifies What Constitutes a Recycled Carryout Bag Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 8)
Aug. 28, 2024 CA AB 347 Establishes Restrictions on PFAS Substances Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 7)
Aug. 27, 2024 CA AB 3265 Establishes the California Environmental Quality Act Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
June 27, 2024 DE HB 13 Requires the Director fo the Sustainable Energy Utiltiy to Administer a Financial Assistance Program to Help with the Installation of Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 6)
June 26, 2024 NC HB 385 Establishes Regulations For Matters Relating To Energy And Environment Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 18)
June 26, 2024 DE HB 9 Requires All State Owned Passenger and Light Duty Vehicles be Zero Emission by 2040 Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 5)
June 26, 2024 MI SB 571 Expands The Prevailing Wage Law to Cover the Construction of Clean Energy Facilities Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
June 25, 2024 MA S 2829 Expands the Use of Renewable Energy Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 2)
June 20, 2024 MI HB 5028 Prohibits Homeowners Associations From Banning Energy-Saving Improvements or Solar Energy Systems Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
June 20, 2024 MA S 2830 Prohibits Single-Use Plastic Shopping Bags at Retail Shops Across the State Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 2)
June 17, 2024 VT H 706 Prohibits the Use of Neonicotinoid Pesticides Veto Override Passed - Senate (20 - 9)
June 17, 2024 VT H 289 Establishes a Renewable Energy Standard Veto Override Passed - Senate (21 - 8)
June 13, 2024 RI H 7060 Requires 296-Acres in the Sapowet Marsh Management Area in Tiverton, Rhode Island be Designated for Outdoor Recreation Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 5)
June 12, 2024 RI S 2952 Establishes the Decarbonization Act of 2024 to Promote and Develop Benchmark Standards of Energy Performance Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 6)
June 7, 2024 NY S 4246 Amends Various Laws Relating to Packaging Waste Liability in New York Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 23)
May 26, 2024 IL SB 1289 Establishes a New Regulatory Framework for Carbon-Sequestration Projects Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (43 - 12)
May 24, 2024 IL SB 3481 Requires Electric Vehicle Battery Storage Facilities Register with the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (44 - 15)
May 24, 2024 IL SB 3686 Requires Battery Producers and Importers Implement an Illinois EPA-Approved Battery Stewardship Plan Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (45 - 14)
May 24, 2024 IL SB 2960 Prohibits Hotels from Using Single Use Plastics Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (42 - 17)
May 23, 2024 IL HB 4895 Requires Climate Change Education be Taught in State Public Schools Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 16)
May 21, 2024 CA SB 1036 Prohibits Individuals From Issuing Voluntary Carbon Offsets and Verifying Carbon Offset Projects Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 5)
May 15, 2024 AK HB 50 Establishes the Carbon Storage Closure Trust Fund and the Carbon Dioxide Storage Facility Administrative Fund Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (17 - 2)
May 15, 2024 AK HB 104 Authorizes Expedited Sales of Timber Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 2)
May 14, 2024 WI SB 139 Establishes a Statewide Wolf Population Goal Veto Override Passed - Senate (22 - 9)
May 13, 2024 MN HF 4124 Appropriates $240 Million for the State Environmental Budget Conference Report Adopted - Senate (43 - 24)
May 8, 2024 CT SB 191 Prohibits Redemption of Out-of-State Beverage Containers Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 1)
May 7, 2024 MN HF 3911 Appropriates Millions in Funding for Various Environmental Conservation Efforts Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 27)
May 6, 2024 CO HB 24-1379 Requires the State's Water Quality Control Commission to Establish Rules by the End of 2025 Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
May 6, 2024 CO SB 24-229 Requires State Regulators Codify Pre-Established Targets to Reduce Ozone (Nitrogen-Oxide) Emissions Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (23 - 12)
May 6, 2024 MN SF 4942 Increases Timeline Schedule for State Clean Energy Transition Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 30)
May 4, 2024 CO SB 24-230 Increases Support for Statewide Remediation Services for the Environment Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 12)
May 3, 2024 HI SB 3068 Appropriates $460 Million for Maui Wildfire Expenses for Fiscal Year 2025 Conference Report Adopted - Senate (23 - 0)
May 1, 2024 HI HB 2619 Appropriates $20 Million to Establish Measures to Combat Invasive Species for Biosecurity Conference Report Adopted - Senate (25 - 0)
April 23, 2024 DE SB 237 Establishes Community Resilience Plans Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 5)
April 18, 2024 NE LB 1169 Amends the Nebraska State Historical Society Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 4)
April 18, 2024 National S 4072 A bill to prohibit the use of funds to implement, administer, or enforce certain rules of the Environmental Protection Agency. Bill Failed - Senate (52 - 46)
April 17, 2024 CT SB 290 Amends State Environment Statutes Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 2)
April 16, 2024 MI HB 4596 Requires Disposable Wipes to Have "Do Not Flush" Labels Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 13)
April 10, 2024 IL SB 2960 Prohibits Hotels from Using Single Use Plastics Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 16)
April 10, 2024 National S J Res 61 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Federal Highway Administration relating to "National Performance Management Measures; Assessing Performance of the National Highway System, Greenhouse Gas Emissions Measure". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (53 - 47)
April 9, 2024 HI HB 2700 Establishes the Hawaii Wildfire Relief Fund and Corporation to Provide Compensation for Property Damage Resulting from Wildfires Conference Report Adopted - Senate (24 - 1)
April 9, 2024 PA SB 831 Appropriates Funding for State Carbon Capture Projects Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 20)
April 4, 2024 MN HF 3377 Establishes Environment and Natural resources Trust Fund Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 25)
Date No. Title Outcome
12/02 SB 382 Transfers $227 Million from North Carolina's Reserve Fund to the Helene Fund and Rescinds Election Board Appointment Powers from Governor to Auditor Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
10/24 S 2967 Reduces Clean Energy Infrastructure Permitting Requirements Conference Report Adopted - Senate (38 - 2)
10/09 HB 149 Appropriates Emergency Funding for the Disaster Recovery Act Part I Conference Report Adopted - Senate (48 - 0)
10/08 HB 208 Establishes a Comprehensive Radiation Control Act in West Virginia Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 5)
9/24 PN 1342 Nomination of Michael Sfraga of Alaska to be Ambassador at Large for Arctic Affairs Nomination Confirmed - Senate (55 - 36)
8/31 SB 219 Authorizes the State Board to Contract with a Climate Reporting Organization to Carry out the Above Described Actions that the State Board Deems Appropriate Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 4)
8/30 SB 1374 Amends Solar Energy Tax Credits Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 9)
8/30 SB 1053 Amends Codes on Solid Waste and Specifies What Constitutes a Recycled Carryout Bag Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 8)
8/28 AB 347 Establishes Restrictions on PFAS Substances Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 7)
8/27 AB 3265 Establishes the California Environmental Quality Act Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
6/27 HB 13 Requires the Director fo the Sustainable Energy Utiltiy to Administer a Financial Assistance Program to Help with the Installation of Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 6)
6/26 HB 385 Establishes Regulations For Matters Relating To Energy And Environment Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 18)
6/26 HB 9 Requires All State Owned Passenger and Light Duty Vehicles be Zero Emission by 2040 Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 5)
6/26 SB 571 Expands The Prevailing Wage Law to Cover the Construction of Clean Energy Facilities Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
6/25 S 2829 Expands the Use of Renewable Energy Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 2)
6/20 HB 5028 Prohibits Homeowners Associations From Banning Energy-Saving Improvements or Solar Energy Systems Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
6/20 S 2830 Prohibits Single-Use Plastic Shopping Bags at Retail Shops Across the State Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 2)
6/17 H 706 Prohibits the Use of Neonicotinoid Pesticides Veto Override Passed - Senate (20 - 9)
6/17 H 289 Establishes a Renewable Energy Standard Veto Override Passed - Senate (21 - 8)
6/13 H 7060 Requires 296-Acres in the Sapowet Marsh Management Area in Tiverton, Rhode Island be Designated for Outdoor Recreation Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 5)
6/12 S 2952 Establishes the Decarbonization Act of 2024 to Promote and Develop Benchmark Standards of Energy Performance Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 6)
6/07 S 4246 Amends Various Laws Relating to Packaging Waste Liability in New York Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 23)
5/26 SB 1289 Establishes a New Regulatory Framework for Carbon-Sequestration Projects Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (43 - 12)
5/24 SB 3481 Requires Electric Vehicle Battery Storage Facilities Register with the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (44 - 15)
5/24 SB 3686 Requires Battery Producers and Importers Implement an Illinois EPA-Approved Battery Stewardship Plan Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (45 - 14)
5/24 SB 2960 Prohibits Hotels from Using Single Use Plastics Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (42 - 17)
5/23 HB 4895 Requires Climate Change Education be Taught in State Public Schools Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 16)
5/21 SB 1036 Prohibits Individuals From Issuing Voluntary Carbon Offsets and Verifying Carbon Offset Projects Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 5)
5/15 HB 50 Establishes the Carbon Storage Closure Trust Fund and the Carbon Dioxide Storage Facility Administrative Fund Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (17 - 2)
5/15 HB 104 Authorizes Expedited Sales of Timber Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 2)
5/14 SB 139 Establishes a Statewide Wolf Population Goal Veto Override Passed - Senate (22 - 9)
5/13 HF 4124 Appropriates $240 Million for the State Environmental Budget Conference Report Adopted - Senate (43 - 24)
5/08 SB 191 Prohibits Redemption of Out-of-State Beverage Containers Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 1)
5/07 HF 3911 Appropriates Millions in Funding for Various Environmental Conservation Efforts Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 27)
5/06 HB 24-1379 Requires the State's Water Quality Control Commission to Establish Rules by the End of 2025 Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
5/06 SB 24-229 Requires State Regulators Codify Pre-Established Targets to Reduce Ozone (Nitrogen-Oxide) Emissions Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (23 - 12)
5/06 SF 4942 Increases Timeline Schedule for State Clean Energy Transition Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 30)
5/04 SB 24-230 Increases Support for Statewide Remediation Services for the Environment Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 12)
5/03 SB 3068 Appropriates $460 Million for Maui Wildfire Expenses for Fiscal Year 2025 Conference Report Adopted - Senate (23 - 0)
5/01 HB 2619 Appropriates $20 Million to Establish Measures to Combat Invasive Species for Biosecurity Conference Report Adopted - Senate (25 - 0)
4/23 SB 237 Establishes Community Resilience Plans Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 5)
4/18 LB 1169 Amends the Nebraska State Historical Society Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 4)
4/18 S 4072 A bill to prohibit the use of funds to implement, administer, or enforce certain rules of the Environmental Protection Agency. Bill Failed - Senate (52 - 46)
4/17 SB 290 Amends State Environment Statutes Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 2)
4/16 HB 4596 Requires Disposable Wipes to Have "Do Not Flush" Labels Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 13)
4/10 SB 2960 Prohibits Hotels from Using Single Use Plastics Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 16)
4/10 S J Res 61 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Federal Highway Administration relating to "National Performance Management Measures; Assessing Performance of the National Highway System, Greenhouse Gas Emissions Measure". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (53 - 47)
4/09 HB 2700 Establishes the Hawaii Wildfire Relief Fund and Corporation to Provide Compensation for Property Damage Resulting from Wildfires Conference Report Adopted - Senate (24 - 1)
4/09 SB 831 Appropriates Funding for State Carbon Capture Projects Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 20)
4/04 HF 3377 Establishes Environment and Natural resources Trust Fund Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 25)
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