Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Aug. 5, 2026 National S J Res 187 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Modification to the Start of the Submission Period for Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Reporting and Recordkeeping Under TSCA 8(a)(7)" Motion Rejected - Senate (48 - 50)
Aug. 4, 2026 NC SB 445 Amends Various Municipal and Residential Development Regulations Conference Report Adopted - House (84 - 26)
Aug. 4, 2026 NC SB 445 Amends Various Municipal and Residential Development Regulations Conference Report Adopted - House (84 - 26)
July 29, 2026 NC SB 445 Amends Various Municipal and Residential Development Regulations Conference Report Adopted - Senate (37 - 0)
July 29, 2026 NC SB 445 Amends Various Municipal and Residential Development Regulations Conference Report Adopted - Senate (37 - 0)
July 15, 2026 MA S 3028 Establishes New Protections for Pets Bill Passed - House (151 - 1)
July 12, 2026 PA HB 2017 Expands Regulations on Nuclear Microreactors and Small Modular Reactors Bill Passed - Senate (46 - 4)
July 3, 2026 MI SB 294 Increases Penalties and Authorizes Restitution in Animal Abuse Cases Bill Passed - House (84 - 24)
June 30, 2026 NC HB 133 Prohibits Acquisition of Certain Lands by Foreign Adversaries Concurrence Vote Passed - House (111 - 2)
June 29, 2026 CA SB 172 Establishes the California Farm to School Program as a Permanent Program Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (29 - 2)
June 29, 2026 CA SB 172 Establishes the California Farm to School Program as a Permanent Program Bill Passed - House (58 - 15)
June 25, 2026 CA AB 35 Appropriates $10 Billion for Projects for Safe Drinking Water, Wildfire Prevention, and the Clean Air Bond Act Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 0)
June 23, 2026 NC HB 133 Prohibits Acquisition of Certain Lands by Foreign Adversaries Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 3)
June 23, 2026 National S 629 Emergency Conservation Program Improvement Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (368 - 19)
June 17, 2026 MI HB 5645 Amends Privately Owned Cervidae Livestock Regulations in Michigan Bill Passed - House (103 - 4)
June 9, 2026 PA SB 1313 Extends Resident Rates for Hunting Licenses to Pennsylvania Natives Living Out-of-State Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 1)
June 8, 2026 RI S 2795 Prohibits the Sale of Rat Poison Bill Passed - House (53 - 9)
June 8, 2026 RI S 2795 Prohibits the Sale of Rat Poison Bill Passed - House (53 - 9)
June 4, 2026 National HR 8646 Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agency Appropriations Act, 2027 Bill Passed - House (213 - 210)
June 3, 2026 National S 254 Alaska's Right To Ivory Sales and Tradition (ARTIST) Act Bill Passed - House (404 - 14)
June 3, 2026 National S J Res 188 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants: Coal- and Oil-Fired Electric Utility Steam Generating Units: Final Repeal" Motion Rejected - Senate (46 - 53)
June 3, 2026 National HR 2860 Northwest Straits Marine Conservation Initiative Reauthorization Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (374 - 49)
June 3, 2026 National HR 2860 Northwest Straits Marine Conservation Initiative Reauthorization Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (374 - 49)
May 28, 2026 NY S 8512 A Authorizes the Use of Portable Solar Generation Devices Without Utility Approval or Fees Bill Passed - Senate (59 - 1)
May 27, 2026 CA SB 1305 Requires the Department of Fish and Wildlife to Publish an Evaluation of the Possible Reintroduction of the Grizzly Bear Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 9)
Date No. Title Outcome
8/05 S J Res 187 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Modification to the Start of the Submission Period for Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Reporting and Recordkeeping Under TSCA 8(a)(7)" Motion Rejected - Senate (48 - 50)
8/04 SB 445 Amends Various Municipal and Residential Development Regulations Conference Report Adopted - House (84 - 26)
8/04 SB 445 Amends Various Municipal and Residential Development Regulations Conference Report Adopted - House (84 - 26)
7/29 SB 445 Amends Various Municipal and Residential Development Regulations Conference Report Adopted - Senate (37 - 0)
7/29 SB 445 Amends Various Municipal and Residential Development Regulations Conference Report Adopted - Senate (37 - 0)
7/15 S 3028 Establishes New Protections for Pets Bill Passed - House (151 - 1)
7/12 HB 2017 Expands Regulations on Nuclear Microreactors and Small Modular Reactors Bill Passed - Senate (46 - 4)
7/03 SB 294 Increases Penalties and Authorizes Restitution in Animal Abuse Cases Bill Passed - House (84 - 24)
6/30 HB 133 Prohibits Acquisition of Certain Lands by Foreign Adversaries Concurrence Vote Passed - House (111 - 2)
6/29 SB 172 Establishes the California Farm to School Program as a Permanent Program Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (29 - 2)
6/29 SB 172 Establishes the California Farm to School Program as a Permanent Program Bill Passed - House (58 - 15)
6/25 AB 35 Appropriates $10 Billion for Projects for Safe Drinking Water, Wildfire Prevention, and the Clean Air Bond Act Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 0)
6/23 HB 133 Prohibits Acquisition of Certain Lands by Foreign Adversaries Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 3)
6/23 S 629 Emergency Conservation Program Improvement Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (368 - 19)
6/17 HB 5645 Amends Privately Owned Cervidae Livestock Regulations in Michigan Bill Passed - House (103 - 4)
6/09 SB 1313 Extends Resident Rates for Hunting Licenses to Pennsylvania Natives Living Out-of-State Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 1)
6/08 S 2795 Prohibits the Sale of Rat Poison Bill Passed - House (53 - 9)
6/08 S 2795 Prohibits the Sale of Rat Poison Bill Passed - House (53 - 9)
6/04 HR 8646 Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agency Appropriations Act, 2027 Bill Passed - House (213 - 210)
6/03 S 254 Alaska's Right To Ivory Sales and Tradition (ARTIST) Act Bill Passed - House (404 - 14)
6/03 S J Res 188 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants: Coal- and Oil-Fired Electric Utility Steam Generating Units: Final Repeal" Motion Rejected - Senate (46 - 53)
6/03 HR 2860 Northwest Straits Marine Conservation Initiative Reauthorization Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (374 - 49)
6/03 HR 2860 Northwest Straits Marine Conservation Initiative Reauthorization Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (374 - 49)
5/28 S 8512 A Authorizes the Use of Portable Solar Generation Devices Without Utility Approval or Fees Bill Passed - Senate (59 - 1)
5/27 SB 1305 Requires the Department of Fish and Wildlife to Publish an Evaluation of the Possible Reintroduction of the Grizzly Bear Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 9)

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