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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
June 8, 2026 National HR 8428 Federal Fraud Prevention Workforce Training Act Bill Passed - House (393 - 0)
June 3, 2026 National HR 7726 Stop Child Care Scams Act of 2026 Bill Passed - House (217 - 207)
May 14, 2026 National HR 8365 Monitor Accountability Act Bill Passed - House (219 - 204)
April 16, 2026 National HR 6409 Foreign Emissions and Nonattainment Clarification for Economic Stability (FENCES) Act Bill Passed - House (220 - 208)
Feb. 12, 2026 National H J Res 142 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the D.C. Income and Franchise Tax Conformity and Revision Temporary Amendment Act of 2025 Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 47)
Feb. 11, 2026 National H J Res 142 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the D.C. Income and Franchise Tax Conformity and Revision Temporary Amendment Act of 2025 Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 46)
Feb. 4, 2026 National H J Res 142 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the D.C. Income and Franchise Tax Conformity and Revision Temporary Amendment Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (215 - 210)
Jan. 8, 2026 National HR 131 Finish the Arkansas Valley Conduit Act Bill Passed - House (248 - 177)
Jan. 7, 2026 National S J Res 86 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Air Plan Approval; South Dakota; Regional Haze Plan for the Second Implementation Period" Motion Rejected - Senate (43 - 50)
Dec. 15, 2025 National HR 3187 To require the Secretary of Agriculture to convey a parcel of property of the Forest Service to Perry County, Arkansas, and for other purposes Bill Passed - House (388 - 0)
Dec. 12, 2025 National HR 3668 Improving Interagency Coordination for Pipeline Reviews Act Bill Passed - House (213 - 184)
Dec. 9, 2025 National HR 1676 Make State Wildlife Action Plans (SWAPs) Efficient Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (400 - 0)
Nov. 19, 2025 National HR 5214 District of Columbia Cash Bail Reform Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (237 - 179)
Nov. 19, 2025 National HR 4058 Enhancing Stakeholder Support and Outreach for Preparedness Grants Act Bill Passed - House (380 - 45)
Nov. 19, 2025 National HR 5107 Common-Sense Law Enforcement and Accountability Now in DC (CLEAN DC) Act Bill Passed - House (233 - 190)
Oct. 29, 2025 National S J Res 69 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service relating to "Record of Decision for the Barred Owl Management Strategy; Washington, Oregon, and California" Motion Rejected - Senate (25 - 72)
Oct. 7, 2025 National H J Res 104 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Miles City Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment". Motion Agreed - Senate (50 - 47)
Sept. 17, 2025 National HR 5143 District of Columbia Policing Protection Act Bill Passed - House (245 - 182)
Sept. 17, 2025 National HR 5125 District of Columbia Judicial Nominations Reform Act Bill Passed - House (218 - 211)
Sept. 16, 2025 National HR 5140 To lower the age at which a minor may be tried as an adult for certain criminal offenses in the District of Columbia to 14 years of age. Bill Passed - House (225 - 203)
Sept. 16, 2025 National HR 4922 DC Criminal Reforms to Immediately Make Everyone Safe (CRIMES) Act Bill Passed - House (240 - 179)
Sept. 3, 2025 National H J Res 104 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Miles City Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment". Joint Resolution Passed - House (211 - 208)
July 21, 2025 National HR 3095 To direct the United States Postal Service to designate single, unique ZIP Codes for certain communities, and for other purposes. Bill Passed - House (278 - 121)
June 12, 2025 National HR 2056 District of Columbia Federal Immigration Compliance Act Bill Passed - House (224 - 194)
June 10, 2025 National HR 2096 Protecting Our Nation's Capital Emergency Act Bill Passed - House (235 - 178)
June 10, 2025 National HR 884 To prohibit individuals who are not citizens of the United States from voting in elections in the District of Columbia and to repeal the Local Resident Voting Rights Amendment Act of 2022 Bill Passed - House (266 - 148)
Jan. 21, 2025 National HR 187 MAPWaters Act Bill Passed - House (413 - 0)
Dec. 18, 2024 National S 3857 Jamul Indian Village Land Transfer Act Bill Passed - House (369 - 37)
Dec. 10, 2024 National S 3613 Improving Federal Building Security Act of 2024 Bill Passed - House (410 - 6)
Dec. 5, 2024 National S 709 Federal Agency Performance Act Bill Passed - House (389 - 6)
Dec. 5, 2024 National HR 9598 Office of National Drug Control Policy Reauthorization Act of 2024 Bill Passed - House (399 - 1)
Dec. 4, 2024 National HR 390 Maurice D. Hinchey Hudson River Valley National Heritage Area Enhancement Act Bill Passed - House (378 - 16)
Dec. 4, 2024 National HR 8219 Lahaina National Heritage Area Study Act Bill Passed - House (378 - 25)
May 21, 2024 National HR 5863 Federal Disaster Tax Relief Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (382 - 7)
May 15, 2024 National S J Res 57 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of the Treasury relating to "Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery Funds". Joint Resolution Failed - Senate (46 - 49)
May 15, 2024 National HR 4510 National Telecommunications and Information Administration Reauthorization Act (NTIA) of 2023 Bill Passed - House (374 - 36)
May 15, 2024 National HR 7530 DC CRIMES Act Bill Passed - House (225 - 181)
April 11, 2024 National S 382 Puyallup Tribe of Indians Land Into Trust Confirmation Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (301 - 15)
Feb. 28, 2024 National HR 4984 D.C. Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium Campus Revitalization Act Bill Passed - House (348 - 55)
May 18, 2023 National H Con Res 40 Expressing support for local law enforcement officers and condemning efforts to defund or dismantle local law enforcement agencies Joint Resolution Passed - House (301 - 119)
May 16, 2023 National H J Res 42 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the Comprehensive Policing and Justice Reform Amendment Act of 2022. Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (56 - 43)
April 19, 2023 National H J Res 42 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the Comprehensive Policing and Justice Reform Amendment Act of 2022. Joint Resolution Passed - House (229 - 189)
March 29, 2023 National H J Res 27 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Department of Defense and the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Revised Definition of 'Waters of the United States' " Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (53 - 43)
March 9, 2023 National H J Res 27 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Department of Defense and the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Revised Definition of 'Waters of the United States' " Joint Resolution Passed - House (227 - 198)
March 8, 2023 National H J Res 26 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the Revised Criminal Code Act Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (81 - 14)
Feb. 9, 2023 National H J Res 26 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the Revised Criminal Code Act Joint Resolution Passed - House (250 - 173)
Feb. 9, 2023 National H J Res 24 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the Local Resident Voting Rights Amendment Act of 2022 Joint Resolution Passed - House (260 - 162)
Dec. 15, 2022 National HR 8393 Puerto Rico Status Act Bill Passed - House (233 - 191)
Nov. 16, 2022 National S 4524 Speak Out Act Bill Passed - House (315 - 109)
May 11, 2022 National HR 2499 Federal Firefighters Fairness Act of 2022 Bill Passed - House (288 - 131)
Date No. Title Outcome
6/08 HR 8428 Federal Fraud Prevention Workforce Training Act Bill Passed - House (393 - 0)
6/03 HR 7726 Stop Child Care Scams Act of 2026 Bill Passed - House (217 - 207)
5/14 HR 8365 Monitor Accountability Act Bill Passed - House (219 - 204)
4/16 HR 6409 Foreign Emissions and Nonattainment Clarification for Economic Stability (FENCES) Act Bill Passed - House (220 - 208)
2/12 H J Res 142 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the D.C. Income and Franchise Tax Conformity and Revision Temporary Amendment Act of 2025 Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 47)
2/11 H J Res 142 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the D.C. Income and Franchise Tax Conformity and Revision Temporary Amendment Act of 2025 Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 46)
2/04 H J Res 142 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the D.C. Income and Franchise Tax Conformity and Revision Temporary Amendment Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (215 - 210)
1/08 HR 131 Finish the Arkansas Valley Conduit Act Bill Passed - House (248 - 177)
1/07 S J Res 86 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Air Plan Approval; South Dakota; Regional Haze Plan for the Second Implementation Period" Motion Rejected - Senate (43 - 50)
12/15 HR 3187 To require the Secretary of Agriculture to convey a parcel of property of the Forest Service to Perry County, Arkansas, and for other purposes Bill Passed - House (388 - 0)
12/12 HR 3668 Improving Interagency Coordination for Pipeline Reviews Act Bill Passed - House (213 - 184)
12/09 HR 1676 Make State Wildlife Action Plans (SWAPs) Efficient Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (400 - 0)
11/19 HR 5214 District of Columbia Cash Bail Reform Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (237 - 179)
11/19 HR 4058 Enhancing Stakeholder Support and Outreach for Preparedness Grants Act Bill Passed - House (380 - 45)
11/19 HR 5107 Common-Sense Law Enforcement and Accountability Now in DC (CLEAN DC) Act Bill Passed - House (233 - 190)
10/29 S J Res 69 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service relating to "Record of Decision for the Barred Owl Management Strategy; Washington, Oregon, and California" Motion Rejected - Senate (25 - 72)
10/07 H J Res 104 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Miles City Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment". Motion Agreed - Senate (50 - 47)
9/17 HR 5143 District of Columbia Policing Protection Act Bill Passed - House (245 - 182)
9/17 HR 5125 District of Columbia Judicial Nominations Reform Act Bill Passed - House (218 - 211)
9/16 HR 5140 To lower the age at which a minor may be tried as an adult for certain criminal offenses in the District of Columbia to 14 years of age. Bill Passed - House (225 - 203)
9/16 HR 4922 DC Criminal Reforms to Immediately Make Everyone Safe (CRIMES) Act Bill Passed - House (240 - 179)
9/03 H J Res 104 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Miles City Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment". Joint Resolution Passed - House (211 - 208)
7/21 HR 3095 To direct the United States Postal Service to designate single, unique ZIP Codes for certain communities, and for other purposes. Bill Passed - House (278 - 121)
6/12 HR 2056 District of Columbia Federal Immigration Compliance Act Bill Passed - House (224 - 194)
6/10 HR 2096 Protecting Our Nation's Capital Emergency Act Bill Passed - House (235 - 178)
6/10 HR 884 To prohibit individuals who are not citizens of the United States from voting in elections in the District of Columbia and to repeal the Local Resident Voting Rights Amendment Act of 2022 Bill Passed - House (266 - 148)
1/21 HR 187 MAPWaters Act Bill Passed - House (413 - 0)
12/18 S 3857 Jamul Indian Village Land Transfer Act Bill Passed - House (369 - 37)
12/10 S 3613 Improving Federal Building Security Act of 2024 Bill Passed - House (410 - 6)
12/05 S 709 Federal Agency Performance Act Bill Passed - House (389 - 6)
12/05 HR 9598 Office of National Drug Control Policy Reauthorization Act of 2024 Bill Passed - House (399 - 1)
12/04 HR 390 Maurice D. Hinchey Hudson River Valley National Heritage Area Enhancement Act Bill Passed - House (378 - 16)
12/04 HR 8219 Lahaina National Heritage Area Study Act Bill Passed - House (378 - 25)
5/21 HR 5863 Federal Disaster Tax Relief Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (382 - 7)
5/15 S J Res 57 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of the Treasury relating to "Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery Funds". Joint Resolution Failed - Senate (46 - 49)
5/15 HR 4510 National Telecommunications and Information Administration Reauthorization Act (NTIA) of 2023 Bill Passed - House (374 - 36)
5/15 HR 7530 DC CRIMES Act Bill Passed - House (225 - 181)
4/11 S 382 Puyallup Tribe of Indians Land Into Trust Confirmation Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (301 - 15)
2/28 HR 4984 D.C. Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium Campus Revitalization Act Bill Passed - House (348 - 55)
5/18 H Con Res 40 Expressing support for local law enforcement officers and condemning efforts to defund or dismantle local law enforcement agencies Joint Resolution Passed - House (301 - 119)
5/16 H J Res 42 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the Comprehensive Policing and Justice Reform Amendment Act of 2022. Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (56 - 43)
4/19 H J Res 42 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the Comprehensive Policing and Justice Reform Amendment Act of 2022. Joint Resolution Passed - House (229 - 189)
3/29 H J Res 27 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Department of Defense and the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Revised Definition of 'Waters of the United States' " Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (53 - 43)
3/09 H J Res 27 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Department of Defense and the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Revised Definition of 'Waters of the United States' " Joint Resolution Passed - House (227 - 198)
3/08 H J Res 26 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the Revised Criminal Code Act Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (81 - 14)
2/09 H J Res 26 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the Revised Criminal Code Act Joint Resolution Passed - House (250 - 173)
2/09 H J Res 24 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the Local Resident Voting Rights Amendment Act of 2022 Joint Resolution Passed - House (260 - 162)
12/15 HR 8393 Puerto Rico Status Act Bill Passed - House (233 - 191)
11/16 S 4524 Speak Out Act Bill Passed - House (315 - 109)
5/11 HR 2499 Federal Firefighters Fairness Act of 2022 Bill Passed - House (288 - 131)
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