National Populations Key Votes
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About the Selection and Descriptions of Key Votes
Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:
- The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
- The vote should be clear for any person to understand
- The vote has received media attention
- The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
- Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added
Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.
For more information about the legislative process, see here.
results per page:
| Date | State | Bill No. | Title | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| May 1, 2025 | National | PN 20 | Nomination of Frank Bisignano to be Commissioner of the Social Security Administration | Cloture Invoked - Senate (50 - 45) |
| May 1, 2025 | National | PN 20 | Nomination of Frank Bisignano to be Commissioner of the Social Security Administration | Cloture Invoked - Senate (50 - 45) |
| April 29, 2025 | National | PN 54-5 | Nomination of David Perdue to be Ambassador to the People's Republic of China | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (67 - 29) |
| April 28, 2025 | National | PN 54-5 | Nomination of David Perdue to be Ambassador to the People's Republic of China | Cloture Invoked - Senate (64 - 27) |
| April 11, 2025 | National | PN 27 | Nomination of Lt. Gen. John D. Caine to be Major General in the Regular Air Force | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (59 - 26) |
| April 11, 2025 | National | PN 27 | Nomination of Lt. Gen. John D. Caine to be Major General in the Regular Air Force | Cloture Invoked - Senate (59 - 25) |
| April 10, 2025 | National | PN 12-29 | Nomination of Mark Meador to be a Federal Trade Commissioner | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (50 - 46) |
| April 10, 2025 | National | PN 12-29 | Nomination of Mark Meador to be a Federal Trade Commissioner | Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 46) |
| April 9, 2025 | National | PN 12-18 | Nomination of Paul Atkins to be a Member of the Securities and Exchange Commission | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 44) |
| April 9, 2025 | National | PN 12-18 | Nomination of Paul Atkins to be a Member of the Securities and Exchange Commission | Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 45) |
| April 9, 2025 | National | HR 1228 | Prioritizing Veterans' Survivors Act | Bill Passed - House (424 - 0) |
| April 9, 2025 | National | HR 1526 | No Rogue Rulings Act (NORRA) | Bill Passed - House (219 - 213) |
| April 8, 2025 | National | PN 25-14 | Nomination of George Glass to be Ambassador of the United States of America to Japan | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (66 - 32) |
| April 8, 2025 | National | PN 12-9 | Nomination of Elbridge Colby to be Under Secretary of Defense for Policy | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (54 - 45) |
| April 8, 2025 | National | PN 25-20 | Nomination of Mike Huckabee to be Ambassador to the State of Israel | Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 46) |
| April 8, 2025 | National | PN 25-22 | Nomination of Ronald Johnson to be Ambassador to the United Mexican States | Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 44) |
| April 8, 2025 | National | PN 25-6 | Nomination of Kevin Cabrera to be Ambassador to the Republic of Panama | Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 42) |
| April 8, 2025 | National | PN 25-14 | Nomination of George Glass to be Ambassador of the United States of America to Japan | Cloture Invoked - Senate (67 - 32) |
| April 7, 2025 | National | PN 12-9 | Nomination of Elbridge Colby to be Under Secretary of Defense for Policy | Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 39) |
| April 7, 2025 | National | HR 586 | Vietnam Veterans Liver Fluke Cancer Study Act | Bill Passed - House (411 - 0) |
| April 7, 2025 | National | HR 1039 | Clear Communication for Veterans Claims Act | Bill Passed - House (412 - 0) |
| April 2, 2025 | National | PN 12-39 | Nomination of Dean Sauer to be Solicitor General of the United States | Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 46) |
| April 2, 2025 | National | PN 12-11 | Nomination of Harmeet Dhillon to be an Assistant Attorney General | Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 45) |
| March 27, 2025 | National | PN 13-9 | Nomination of Paul Lawrence to be Deputy Secretary of Veterans Affairs | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 45) |
| March 27, 2025 | National | PN 13-9 | Nomination of Paul Lawrence to be Deputy Secretary of Veterans Affairs | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 45) |
| March 27, 2025 | National | PN 13-9 | Nomination of Paul Lawrence to be Deputy Secretary of Veterans Affairs | Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 47) |
| March 27, 2025 | National | PN 13-9 | Nomination of Paul Lawrence to be Deputy Secretary of Veterans Affairs | Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 47) |
| March 26, 2025 | National | PN 12-37 | Nomination of Aaron Reitz to be an Assistant Attorney General | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 46) |
| March 26, 2025 | National | PN 12-15 | Nomination of Michael Faulkender to be Deputy Secretary of the Treasury | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 43) |
| March 26, 2025 | National | PN 12-37 | Nomination of Aaron Reitz to be an Assistant Attorney General | Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 45) |
| March 26, 2025 | National | PN 12-15 | Nomination of Michael Faulkender to be Deputy Secretary of the Treasury | Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 46) |
| March 25, 2025 | National | PN 12-28 | Nomination of Martin Makary to be Commissioner of Food and Drugs in the Department of Health and Human Services | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (56 - 44) |
| March 25, 2025 | National | PN 12-2 | Nomination of Jayanta Bhattacharya to be Director of the National Institutes of Health | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 47) |
| March 25, 2025 | National | PN 13-8 | Nomination of Michael Kratsios to be Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (74 - 25) |
| March 25, 2025 | National | PN 12-28 | Nomination of Martin Makary to be Commissioner of Food and Drugs in the Department of Health and Human Services | Cloture Invoked - Senate (56 - 44) |
| March 25, 2025 | National | PN 12-3 | Nomination of James Bishop to be Deputy Director of the Office of Management and Budget | Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 47) |
| March 25, 2025 | National | PN 12-2 | Nomination of Jayanta Bhattacharya to be Director of the National Institutes of Health | Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 46) |
| March 25, 2025 | National | PN 13-8 | Nomination of Michael Kratsios to be Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy | Cloture Invoked - Senate (73 - 25) |
| March 24, 2025 | National | PN 12-36 | Nomination of John Phelan to be Secretary of the Navy | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (62 - 30) |
| March 24, 2025 | National | PN 12-25 | Nomination of Christopher Landau to be Deputy Secretary of State | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (60 - 31) |
| March 14, 2025 | National | PN 12-16 | Nomination of Stephen Feinberg to be Deputy Secretary of Defense | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (59 - 40) |
| March 14, 2025 | National | PN 12-25 | Nomination of Christopher Landau to be Deputy Secretary of State | Cloture Invoked - Senate (63 - 32) |
| March 14, 2025 | National | PN 12-16 | Nomination of Stephen Feinberg to be Deputy Secretary of Defense | Cloture Invoked - Senate (56 - 39) |
| March 14, 2025 | National | PN 12-36 | Nomination of John Phelan to be Secretary of the Navy | Cloture Invoked - Senate (64 - 33) |
| March 13, 2025 | National | PN 22-12 | Nomination of Jeffrey Kessler to be Under Secretary of Commerce for Industry and Security | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (54 - 45) |
| March 13, 2025 | National | PN 13-12 | Nomination of William Pulte to be Director of the Federal Housing Finance Agency | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (56 - 43) |
| March 13, 2025 | National | PN 13-12 | Nomination of William Pulte to be Director of the Federal Housing Finance Agency | Cloture Invoked - Senate (57 - 41) |
| March 13, 2025 | National | PN 22-12 | Nomination of Jeffrey Kessler to be Under Secretary of Commerce for Industry and Security | Cloture Invoked - Senate (54 - 45) |
| March 12, 2025 | National | PN 12-42 | Nomination of Keith Sonderling to be Deputy Secretary of Labor | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 46) |
| March 12, 2025 | National | PN 12-42 | Nomination of Keith Sonderling to be Deputy Secretary of Labor | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 46) |
| March 12, 2025 | National | PN 19 | Nomination of Stephen Miran to be Chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 46) |
| March 12, 2025 | National | PN 12-42 | Nomination of Keith Sonderling to be Deputy Secretary of Labor | Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 45) |
| March 12, 2025 | National | PN 12-42 | Nomination of Keith Sonderling to be Deputy Secretary of Labor | Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 45) |
| March 12, 2025 | National | PN 19 | Nomination of Stephen Miran to be Chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers | Cloture Invoked - Senate |
| March 11, 2025 | National | PN 13-2 | Nomination of Steven Bradbury to be Deputy Secretary of Transportation | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 46) |
| March 11, 2025 | National | PN 13-2 | Nomination of Steven Bradbury to be Deputy Secretary of Transportation | Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 46) |
| March 11, 2025 | National | PN 12-41 | Nomination of Abigail Slater to be an Assistant Attorney General | Cloture Invoked - Senate (77 - 19) |
| March 11, 2025 | National | HR 1156 | Pandemic Unemployment Fraud Enforcement Act | Bill Passed - House (295 - 127) |
| March 10, 2025 | National | PN 11-4 | Nomination of Lori Chavez-DeRemer to be Secretary of Labor | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (67 - 32) |
| March 10, 2025 | National | PN 11-4 | Nomination of Lori Chavez-DeRemer to be Secretary of Labor | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (67 - 32) |
| March 10, 2025 | National | HR 993 | Emerging Innovative Border Technologies Act | Bill Passed - House (406 - 9) |
| March 10, 2025 | National | HR 495 | Subterranean Border Defense Act | Bill Passed - House (402 - 1) |
| March 6, 2025 | National | PN 12-14 | Nomination of Troy Edgar to be Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 43) |
| March 6, 2025 | National | H Res 189 | Censuring Representative Al Green of Texas. | Resolution Passed - House (224 - 198) |
| March 6, 2025 | National | PN 11-4 | Nomination of Lori Chavez-DeRemer to be Secretary of Labor | Cloture Invoked - Senate (66 - 30) |
| March 6, 2025 | National | PN 12-14 | Nomination of Troy Edgar to be Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security | Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 43) |
| March 6, 2025 | National | PN 11-4 | Nomination of Lori Chavez-DeRemer to be Secretary of Labor | Cloture Invoked - Senate (66 - 30) |
| March 5, 2025 | National | H Res 189 | Censuring Representative Al Green of Texas. | Resolution Not Tabled - House (209 - 211) |
| March 5, 2025 | National | PN 12-5 | Nomination of Todd Blanche to be Deputy Attorney General | Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 46) |
| March 3, 2025 | National | PN 11-10 | Nomination of Linda McMahon to be Secretary of Education | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 45) |
| March 3, 2025 | National | S 9 | Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act of 2025 | Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (51 - 45) |
| Feb. 27, 2025 | National | PN 11-10 | Nomination of Linda McMahon to be Secretary of Education | Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 47) |
| Feb. 26, 2025 | National | PN 11-17 | Nomination of Jamieson Greer to be U.S. Trade Representative | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (56 - 43) |
| Feb. 25, 2025 | National | PN 12-12 | Nomination of Daniel Driscoll to be Secretary of the Army | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (66 - 28) |
| Feb. 25, 2025 | National | PN 11-10 | Nomination of Linda McMahon to be Secretary of Education | Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 47) |
| Feb. 24, 2025 | National | PN 12-12 | Nomination of Daniel Driscoll to be Secretary of the Army | Cloture Invoked - Senate (66 - 28) |
| Feb. 24, 2025 | National | HR 818 | Small Business Procurement and Utilization Reform (SPUR) Act | Bill Passed - House (384 - 25) |
| Feb. 20, 2025 | National | PN 12-35 | Nomination of Kashyap Patel to be Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigations | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 49) |
| Feb. 20, 2025 | National | PN 12-35 | Nomination of Kashyap Patel to be Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigations | Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 47) |
| Feb. 19, 2025 | National | PN 11-18 | Nomination of Kelly Loeffler to be Administrator of the Small Business Administration | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 46) |
| Feb. 18, 2025 | National | PN 11-9 | Nomination of Howard Lutnick to be Secretary of Commerce | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 45) |
| Feb. 18, 2025 | National | PN 12-35 | Nomination of Kashyap Patel to be Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigations | Motion Agreed - Senate (48 - 45) |
| Feb. 13, 2025 | National | PN 11-8 | Nomination of Robert F. Kennedy Jr. to be Secretary of Health and Human Services | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 48) |
| Feb. 13, 2025 | National | PN 11-12 | Nomination of Brooke Rollins to be Secretary of Agriculture | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (72 - 28) |
| Feb. 13, 2025 | National | PN 11-18 | Nomination of Kelly Loeffler to be Administrator of the Small Business Administration | Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 43) |
| Feb. 13, 2025 | National | PN 11-9 | Nomination of Howard Lutnick to be Secretary of Commerce | Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 45) |
| Feb. 13, 2025 | National | HR 35 | Agent Raul Gonzalez Officer Safety Act | Bill Passed - House (264 - 155) |
| Feb. 12, 2025 | National | PN 11-16 | Nomination of Tulsi Gabbard to be Director of National Intelligence | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 48) |
| Feb. 12, 2025 | National | PN 11-8 | Nomination of Robert F. Kennedy Jr. to be Secretary of Health and Human Services | Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 47) |
| Feb. 12, 2025 | National | HR 77 | Midnight Rules Relief Act | Bill Passed - House (212 - 208) |
| Feb. 10, 2025 | National | PN 11-16 | Nomination of Tulsi Gabbard to be Director of National Intelligence | Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 46) |
| Feb. 6, 2025 | National | PN 11-22 | Nomination of Russell Vought to be Director of the Office of Management and Budget | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 47) |
| Feb. 6, 2025 | National | PN 11-12 | Nomination of Brooke Rollins to be Secretary of Agriculture | Motion Agreed - Senate (52 - 46) |
| Feb. 6, 2025 | National | PN 11-16 | Nomination of Tulsi Gabbard to be Director of National Intelligence | Motion Agreed - Senate (52 - 46) |
| Feb. 6, 2025 | National | PN 11-8 | Nomination of Robert F. Kennedy Jr. to be Secretary of Health and Human Services | Motion Agreed - Senate (52 - 47) |
| Feb. 6, 2025 | National | PN 11-18 | Nomination of Kelly Loeffler to be Administrator of the Small Business Administration | Motion Agreed - Senate (53 - 45) |
| Feb. 6, 2025 | National | PN 11-9 | Nomination of Howard Lutnick to be Secretary of Commerce | Motion Agreed - Senate (52 - 46) |
| Feb. 5, 2025 | National | PN 11-14 | Nomination of Eric Turner to be Secretary of Housing and Urban Development | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (55 - 44) |
| Feb. 5, 2025 | National | PN 11-22 | Nomination of Russell Vought to be Director of the Office of Management and Budget | Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 47) |
| Feb. 4, 2025 | National | PN 11-2 | Nomination of Pamela Bondi to be Attorney General | Nomination Confirmed - Senate (54 - 46) |